
Qass JMi. 

Book ' V-^ 6 ^. 



S5 / 



THE 



PHONETIC SPEAKER: 



CONSISTING- OF THE 



PRINCIPLES AND EXERCISES 

IN THE 

AUTHOR'S SYSTEM OF ELOCUTION, 

with additions; 
THE WHOLE IN THE NEW ALPHABET. 




BY ANDREW COMSTOCK, M.D. 

PRINCIPAL OF THE VOCAL, AND POLYGLOTT GYMNASIUM, AUTHOR OF 
A SYSTEM OF ELOCUTION, ETC. 

THIRD EDITION. 



PHILADELPHIA: 
PUBLISHED BY E. H. BUTLER & CO. 

1859. 






Entered, according to the Act of Congress, in the year 18-L7, by An- 
drew Comstock, M. D., in the clerk's office of the District Court of 
the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



J. FAG AN, STEREOTYPIC. 



C. SHERMAN, i'R INTER. 




- 



WE hope that the new era in the republic 
of letters, which has been so long looked 
for, has, at length, commenced. We trust that 
a brighter day has dawned upon the world. In- 
S^ stead of the old and imperfect, Roman Alpha- 
bet, we now have a new and perfect, American 
Alphabet of the English language, — an alphabet 
which has a letter appropriated to every ele- 
mentary sound. By means of this alphabet 
words are spelled as they are pronounced, which 
is the only correct, the only philosophical way 
of spelling the words of any language. 

The labor of learning to spell and read, by 
the old system, is a work of years ; but, by the 
new, it is that of a few days only. As the 
revolution which the new alphabet contem- 
plates, will remove the principal obstructions 
from the avenues to science, and, consequently, 
render knowledge accessible to all, it must be 
of immense utility to the people. How im- 
portant, then, is it that every friend of education 
and of humanity, should use his influence and 
his means to promote so desirable an object ! 

This book, which is printed phonetically, 

(iii) 



IV PREFACE. 

contains all that is important in the author's System of Elocu- 
tion, with many additional pieces for reading and declamation. 

The analysis of the vocal elements of the English language, 
and the minute description which is given of their organic 
formation, will be found important, not only to the American 
who is desirous of accurate knowledge upon this subject, but 
also to the foreigner who is learning to speak our vernacular 
tongue. And the engravings, indicating the most favorable 
postures of the mouth in the energetic utterance of the ele- 
ments, will be found a valuable auxiliary in the acquisition 
of this knowledge. 

The accentual marks in common use indicate, simply, the 
accented syllables and the inflections of the voice ; the au- 
thor's accentual marks not only do this, but they indicate the 
melody also. Hence, by the aid of these marks, in connection 
with the phonetic spelling, foreigners as well as natives will 
not only be able to pronounce every word correctly, but to 
give to each sentence its proper elocutionary expression. 

The part on gesture is extracted, principally, from Austin's 
Chironomia, a work which is extremely rare, and one whose 
great size and expense are insuperable obstacles to its general 
introduction. All, however, which the Chironomia contains 
on the subject of gesture, that .is particularly valuable, is here 
presented to the reader within the compass of a few pages. 

The Reading Exercises have been taken from some of the 
best ancient and modern authors ; and they are well adapted 
to the purposes of the student in Elocution. They are divided 
into paragraphs of suitable length ; and, for convenience in 
responsive and concert reading, each paragraph is subdivided 
into sections, by vertical bars. 

But, perhaps, the reader is not acquainted with the author's 
Alphabet, and, consequently, not able to avail himself of the 
advantages of this work. If so, let him turn to page 16, where 
he may learn the Alphabet in a few minutes. 

A. COMSTOCK, 
July 4, 1846. No. 100 Mulberry Street, Philada. 



KONTENTS. 



0XQRETXKA.L PART. 

Introdukcun 9 

A Sxstsm ov Vokal JDxmnastxx 13 

Artxkulecun 14 

Ax Alfabst and Llxmsntarx Scpndz ----- 15 

Dxfsktxv Artxkulecun 29 

Lxspxi] - ------32 

Stamurxi] -------------33 

Poscurz ov be Mcpd ^ - - - 33 

Pxc - - - - 37 

Inflskcunz -------------38 

Mslcodx 40 

Mo^ulecun- ------------44 

Fors 46 

Tim 49 

A Sxstem ov Rxtorxkal Dss6ur 55 

Poscurz ov bs Bodx; Manur of Hcoldxq bs Buk 55,58 
Pcozxcunz ov bs Fxt and Lcour Lxmz - - - - 61 
Pcozxcunz and Elxvecunz ov bx Armz - - - - 67 
Pos£urz and Mcocunz ov bs Handz ----- 77 
Prsparecun, Transxjun, &c, ov Dss6ur - - - 96 

As Hsd, bx Iz, and bs Bodx 86 

As Notecun Lsturz ---87 

As Strcok and Tim ov X)ss6ur -------91 

As Klasxfxkecun ov JDsscur -------93 

As Frxkwsnsx, Modurecun, &c, ov Dss^ur - - 100 

As Kwolxtxz ov JDsscur 101 

As Stil ov JDsscur sutsd tH dxfursnt Mcodz ov Pub- 
lxk Spxkxn 104 

w 



VI KONTENTS. 

Significant Descurz 105 

Komplex Signifikant Descurz 107 

As Gres ov Rxtonkal Akcun 117 

Pr&ktxk&l Llqkijcun. 

Akcpnt Kurent 344 

Adamz and Defursun - - - - 339 

An Adres tx a Yuij Student 342 

Antoni'z Qrecun avur Sxzar'z Bodi - - - - 225 

Apostrofi te Lit 197 

Apostrcofi to be Kwxn ov Frans 175 

Ldwurd and Wonk 189 

Llic]i ntn in a Kuntn 'Curcyard 281 

Lxtrakt from a supcozd Spxc ov Don Adamz - - 349 

Lkselsior _-- 384 

Industri neseserx te bx Atenment ov Llookwens - 318 

Qd on be Pacunz 230 

Ocan'z Adres te be Sun 168 

On God - - - - - 243 

On bx Xmportans ov Ordur in be Dis. ov cpr Tim 315 

Batl ov Hohenlinden 170 

Batl ov Worso - 176 

Batl ov Woturte 178 

Brutus' Qrecun on be de& ov Sxzar ----- 223 

Darknes - - - - - - 202 

Deklarecun ov Indxpendens ------- 288 

Duglas' Akcpnt ov Himself ------- 286 

Durc| ov Alank, be Vizigoft 381 

Gretnes 305 

Ax Ilz ov Grxs 369 

Ax Amenkan Flag - 312 

Ax Exil ov Xnn 258 

Ax Invokecun 255 



KONTENTS. VH 

Ae Berial ov Sur Don Mor 259 

As Dxstrukcun ov Senakxrib ------- 320 

Ae Grev ov Franklin 287 

Ae Land bat wx Lxv in -------- 299 

As Kaptxv 354 

As Marxnur'z Drxm ---------- 240 

As Mizur and Plutus 166 

As Mizur and Plutus, wib Dss6urz - - - - 155 

As Qxskurz 357 

As Rgdz ------- 165 

As Yunyun ov be Stets 331 

As Kamxlxun . . - - 252 

As ®rx Worninz- 248 

As Hevnz and bx UrS ceo bs Glorx, &c. - - - 261 

As Hurmxt 188 

As Gss: or Ne£ur and Fxlosoofx ----- 376 

As JDurni ovaDe 293 

Lord Ulxn'z Dotur 352 

Linz supoDzd te hav bxn rxtn bi Alexandur Sslkurk 163 

Lokxl'z Wormn. 184 

Lord Wxiyum and Edmund --361 

Lokxnvar -------- 321 

Rxsepcun ov Kcolumbus -------- 335 

Marko Bozarxs 181 

Marxnur'z Him 280 

Mxtxg ov Setan, Sin, and DeS ------ 324 

Mcoziz Smitxn bs Rok 310 

Mcotivz te bs Praktis ov JDsntlnss - - - - 314 

Makgrsgur - - 372 

Numbur Wun ------- 366 

Nit ©ots 298 

Nolecj - - - 351 



Vlll KONTENTS. 

Wxbcpt God in be Wurld 246 

Wulzx'z Forwel tK Kromwel 301 

Wulzx'z SolxlQkwx 300 

Wumun, R. H. Tcpnzend 228 

Wumun, Kamel ----- 327 

Dxnxus 304, 386 

Pepur 308 

Pxt's Rxpli ts WolpoDl 302 

PurpeSual Adcorecun ---_ 275 

Tel'z Adrss tK bs Mcpntxnz 140, 169 

Tim 311 

Tk bx Ursa Mecjur 269 

Kazabxarjka ---- 322 

Keta'z Senat 205 

Ketco'z Scolxlcokwx 221 

Karaktur ov Pxt - - 264 

Klarens' Drxm ----- 266 

Sxn from Pxzarco ----------- 276 

Sxnssrxtx 329 

Skxmz ov Lif ofn Ilusurx -------- 346 

Spx6 ov Sxsxrco agenst Verxz - - - - - - -216 

Spxc ov Lord "Catham --------- 194 

Spx6 ov Patrxk Henri ,--- 233 

Spx6 ov Rola 171 

Spxc ov Setan tK hxz Lxcjunz ------- 167 

Spx£ ov Setan, wxb JDes£urz 148 

©anatopsxs 213 

Hamlet's Solxlokwx 222 

Hapx Frxdum ov be Man hxm Gres meks Frx - 256 

Hxdur All 199 

Hxm tK be Dxxtx - - - 236 

•Cild Haruld'z Adres tK bx Qcun 172 



INTRODUKCUN. 




~r^ AN xz dxzind' for ak cun. 
Ne'6ur haz so kon'stxtu- 
tsd him, 8at bco& bo'dx and 
mind* rxkwir' de'lx sx'ursiz ts 
dxvs'lup 8or pcprz, and men- 

_3 ten' 8sm xn a vi'gufus and 



hel'Qx kondx^cun. As tru& ov 8xs rxmark' xz ma'nxfsst 
from kon'stant obzurve'cun and sxpxTxsns: Scoz hs lxd 
ak'txv, bus'lxrj livz, koncjand' wxS tsnvpurans and 
pru'dsns, ko'munlx pozss' robust' fremz, and hsl'Sx 
konsUtircunz ; qil Ss ss'dsntarx and Sx xndcolsnt ar 
snurvetsd and sik x li. 

Wx find 8s sem rxzultz' from 8x sx'ursiz ov Ss msn'- 
tal fa v kultxz. Hx hsz mind xz kon'stantlx smplad' xn 
8x akwxzx'cun ov no'lscj, yu'jualx rxtenz' hxz msn'tal 
fa'kultiz unxmpord' ts 8e last. But not sea wx8 Ss 
man ov xz and xmdolsns. Af'tur Ss mirx'dxan ov lif, 
8s peprz ov hxz mind, wxS Scoz ov 8s bo^dx, bxkum' 
wrkur and wx kur ; and hx fi'nalx lxvz 8s wurid az hx 
snturd xt, — a 6hM . 

As hsld and strsnS ov 8s bo'dx, Ssr'far, men'lx dx- 
psnd' on 8s num'bur ov muslz 8at ar frxkwsntlx kold 
xnts ak'cun, and 8s dxgrx' ov ra'cunal sx'ursiz $rs qx6 
8e pas. Nop 8or ar fu, xf snx, hsz de'lx aveoke'eunz 
ar sod vend az ts brxrj xnts rskwxzx'cun ol 8s muslz 
ov 8s bo v dx ; hsns, 8s nxss'sxtx ov jxmnastxk sxvursizxz. 

9 



10 INTRflDUKCUN. 

As turm cjxmnas'txks, in its wi'dsst sens, sxg'nxfiz oi 
bo'dxlx sxursizxz ; xn a mcor li'mxtsd sens, " sx'ursizxz 
sistsma'tikali adap'tsd ts dxve'lup 5s fi'zikal pq)rz 
and prxzurv 8sm in purfsk^cun, qx6 kon'stxtuts Sx art 
ov (Jxmnas'txks, pro'purlx sco kold/' 

Axz sx'ursizxz, qsn komsnsf xn yu&, dxve'lup 8s 
muslz, gxv acji'liti ts 8s lxmz, and prcomot' 8e ve'rxus 
fuqcunz ov Sx a'nxmal siSvtsm : xn Sis we 8e impart' 
strerjd and konsis'tsnsi ts Ss bo'dx, and le 8s fipnde'- 
cun ov last'iq hslvh ; and x'vn qsn komsnsf in fnan'- 
hud, Se mvi'gcoret Ss frem, and bres it agensf Sx 
infur'ntitiz ov e<^. 

Bi §8 frx'kwsnt and snurcjs'txk sx'ursiz ov Ss muslz, 
Se ar brot komplxt'lx un'dur 8s kontrol' ov vcoli cun, 
qx6 xz a pqprful os-xl'yan ts s'vuri vari'iti ov aLcun. 
Hsns, jimnas'tiks ar not on'li yusful bxkoz' Se sg-urf 
a hslS'ful m'fkrsns upon' Se bo'di ; but bxkoz' Se le a 
gud f(pnde v cun for Sx x'zx akwizi'cun ov s'vuri mxka'- 
nik art. 

From qot haz bin ssd ov cjxmnas'tiks xn cjs'nural, 
it me rs'dxli bx konsxvd' Sat vsri important advan'- 
tacjiz me bx dxrivd' from vcokal cjxmnasdiks. 

Vco'kal (Jimnas'tiks giv 5s pu'pil komplxf kom- 
mand' ov 8s muslz ov artxkule'cun, sxtsnd' 5s kum'pus 
ov 5s vas, and rsn'dur it smsS, pcprful, and mslco v dxus. 
Ae not con'lx kol fcor$ ol Sx snurc|xz ov 8s vo'kal 
or'ganz, korskf sta'murxrj, lxsp'xrj, &c, but 8e in- 
vigcoret 8s lurjz N , and, kon'sikwsntli, for'tifi 8sm 
agsnst' Sx xnvejun ov dxzxzv. 

01 8s blud, in 8s kcors ov its surkulecun, pa'sxz 
Srs 8s lurjz, qor it undurgcoz' a £enc], not con'li sssn'- 
cal ts hslO, but ol'so ts lif . Qsns'vur Sor furj'cun, 



ItNTEfiDUKCUN. 11 

8sr ; fcor, xz xnturup'tsd bi dxbx'lxtx, or dxzxz', Ss blud 
xz dxtxVxcoretsd, and Ss heal sxs'tsm su^furz ; xn fakt, Ss 
vstx sx'tadsl ov lif xz sapt*, and nu'Qxn but a rsstcore'- 
cun ov Sxz or'ganz ts 8or natural kondx'cun wxl 
sfskt' a rxturn' ov cjs'nural hsl&. Xndxd', Ss lunz ar 
ov sco mu£ xmpor'tans xn 8x a'nxmal xko'ncomx, Sat 8s 
komplxf suspsn'cun ov Sor o'fxs xz fo'lood bi spx'dx 
dxscolu.cun. 

Hsns, su£ hslS'ful ms'jurz cud bx adopt'sd az ar 
kal'kijleted ts xnvx'gcoret 8s pul'mconarx apare'tus, and 
sne'bl xt ts menten' xts xnts^grxtx. Wun ov 8s mcost 
hop'ful sxpx'dxsnts for 8xs pur'pus, xz a wsl-rs'guletsd 
and pursxvxrxq kcors ov vco'kal cjxmnas^txks. 

Wsr \vx ts sx'ursiz cpr vex'sxz a fu mx'nxts s'vurx de, 
akord'xn ts cjust prxn'sxplz, 8s num'bur ov dsOs from 
pul'mconarx sfsk'cunz, ssps'calx konsum'cun, I hav neo 
dept, wud bx gret'lx dxmx^nxct. 

Qil vco'kal cjxmnas'txks gxv a kxn'nss ts a'pxtit, 8e 
ar a pcprful mxnz ov proomcot'xr] dxcjss*6un. A yuq 
klur'<i|xman sn'turd mi Vco'kal Dxmne^zxum, for 8s 
pur'pus ov xmprsvxn hxz slcokucun az wsl az hxz 
hsl\K. Hx le'burd un'dur dxspsp'sx, qx6 woz atsnd'sd 
wx5 los ov a'pxtit, cjs'nural dxbx'lxtx, lan/gur, and dx- 
cjsk'cun ov spxrxts. But xn twslv dez af tur hx kom- 
snsf Sx sx'ursizxz, Sor woz a radxkal 6encj xn hxz 
msn'tal and fx'zxkal kondx^cun : hx had bxkum' vs'rx 
for'ful; and, ts yuz hxz con wurdz, hxz a'pxtit woz 
ravnus. Nor xz 8xs a so^lxtarx kes* — nu'murus 
u'8urz mit bx si'tsd wx8 8s lik ha'px rxzuk. 

Mi pu'pxlz hav frx'kwsntlx tcold mx Sat 8e ol'wez fxl 
xnvx'gcoretsd bi 8x sx^ursizxz. A cjsntlman hs woz 
formurlx a pu'pxl ov min, and hs had bxn xn 8s prak'- 



12 INTEfiDUKCUN. 

txs ov rxzort'xrj ts a komun cjxmne'zxum for Ss bcnx- 
fxt ov hxs helS, acurd' mx Sat hx dxrivd' mcor advan'- 
tacj from hxz vco'kal San from hiz aQls^txk EXviirsizxz. 
Lst Sx xndxvx'cjualz, Ssr'fcor, hs vxzxt 8«z (Jxmne'zxa, 
dxzind' om'lx for Sx sx'ursiz ov Ss lxmz, not nsglskt' Sx 
x'kwalx xmpor'tant cjxmnas'txks ov Se pubmonarx 
orvganz. 

As val'yu ov vo'kal cjxmnas'txks ka'not bx du'lx 
aprx'cxetsd bi Soz hs hav not sxpx'rxsnst, or wxt'nsst 
Sor bsnxfx'cal rxzults,. But, Sx o'Sur fxlz kon'fxdent, 
Ss tim xz not dxs'tant qsn Sxz ex'ursizxz wxl bx kon- 
sx'durd bi ol xnts'lxcjsnt pur'snz an sssn'cal part ov 
pri'marx xnstruk.cun. 

A E VCIS. 

Vas xz scpnd prcodust' bi agxte'txrj 8s bred on xts 
pa'sxcj from 8s lurjZw Ax a'trxbuts ov Se vas ar cje 1 - 
nural and spe'cal. As cjs'nural a'trxbuts ar pxS and 
fors", and ar ko'mun ts oV va^sxz. As spe'cal a'trx- 
buts ar 8coz pxkulxa'rxtxz qx£ rsn'dur wun vas raor 
agrx'abl, or dxs'agrxabl, San anuSur, az swxPnes, 
harvnes, &c. Ax akvt'nes and gra'vxtx ov Ss vas 
dxpsnd' on 88 kontrak'cunz and dxlate'cunz ov 8e vo'- 
kal tubv. As dxgrx 1 ov Jcpd'nes ov 8s vas xz xn prco- 
pwrcun ts 8x sxpul'sxv s'fort, and ts 8s rxzxs'tans qx£ 
Ss brsS mxts on xts pa'sxc] Qrs 8s glovtxs. Qsn or xz 
sxpsld' from 8s lurjz, and not sufx'csnt rxzxs'tans gxvn 
ts xts x'grss ts prcodus' qot xz cjs'nuralx undurstud' bi 
Ss turm voxs, an as'pxretsd, or qxs N purd scpnd xz Se 
rxzult,. From vas artx'kuletsd bi 8s mcocunz ov 8e 
lxps, turj, and u'Sur parts ov 8s mcpd, xz prcodust' 
co'ral larjgwxcj. Hsns co'ral larj'gwxc] xz not xnapt'U 
turmd artx'kvleted voxs,. 



A SXSTLM 
ov 

YiiKkL JHMNASTXX: 

KONSXSTXIJ OV 

EXURSIZXZ IN ARTXKULECUN, PX^, FQRS, 
AND TIM. 



'Q'KAL DXMNAS'TXX iz 5c fi- 

lo'scofi ov 8s hu'man vas az sm- 
plad' in spx£ and son., az wsl az 
8s tren'irj ov 8x or'ganz bi qxc 
5xs vas xz produstw As folo'scofx 
iz 8s prin'sxplz or si'sns ov 5s 
vas ; 8s tren'in, 8x sx'ursiz ov 8x or'ganz, ns'ssssn 
ts dxvs'lup 8or pcfrz, and sne'bl 8sm ts akt wi5 
rapi'diti, prxsi'jun, and sfskt. 

Vo'kal JDxmnastix kompri'ziz Artxkvle'cun, Pit, 
Fcjts, and Tim. 

Artxkule'cun iz 8x akt ov fornvin, wi8 5x or'ganz 
ov spx6, 5x sdimsnts ov vco'kal lanvgwioj. 
¥xv iz 5s dxgrx' ov 5x slive'cun ov scpndzv. 
Fors iz 5s dxgrx' ov 5s lopd^nss ov scpndzv. 
Tim iz 5s msjur ov scpndz in rxgard' ts 5or du- 
re s cun. 

2 13 




14 VQKA.L JDXMN&STXX. 

ARTXKULECUN. 

^flw\l A \ j \ RTXKULE'CUN xz 5x akt ov 
^^J/lmOA \ i/ij f Qrm ' Ir J> WI ^ ^ x or'ganz ov spx£, 
rfffiiFwmL^ VMli ^ x £ 'l xm£nts ov vo'kal larjvgwxc). 
'fniT^M^- /^\f I ^ xz £ 'l xm£n * s me DX fcrmd ss'- 
• - Jr OjP^i^-vl\ A'< P ara ^ x > az xn ^ £ u'turans ov 8s 
r^ ^P^^a^s^^j ls'turz ov Sx al'fabst, az wsl az 
koncjurjk'txvlx, az in Ss pronunsxe'cun ov wurdzi. Bi 
Sx u'turans ov 8x ls'turz ov Sx al'fabst xz not ment 8s 
pronunsxe'cun ov Ss mxr nemz ov 8s ls'turz, but Ss 
forme'cun ov 8s ve'rxus sqpndz qx6 8e rsprxzsnt. 

As furst stsp to'wurdz bxkum'xrj a gud rx'dur, or 
spxk'ur, xz apur'fekt arUkvlexun. "A pub'lxk spxk'- 
ur," ssz Os'txn, " pozssf ov on'lx a mo'durel vcjs, xf 
hx artx'kulets korskt'lx, wxl bx bs'tur undurstud', and 
hurd wx8 gre'tur pls'jur, San wun hs vosx'furets wxS- 
(pf cjuQ^msnt. As vas ov 8s la'tur me xndxd' sxtsnd' 
ts a konsx'durabl dxs'tans, but 8s scpnd xz dx'sxpetsd 
in konfujun. Ov 8s formur vas not 8s smol'sst vibre'- 
cun xz west v sd, — s'vurx strok xz pursxvd' at 8x ut'most 
dxs'tans ts qx£ xt rx£xz; and, hsns, xt haz ofn 8x apxr'- 
ans ov psnxtret'xrj x'vn far'8ur 8an wun qx£ xz I(pd, 
but badlx artx^kuletsd. 

" In cjust artxkule'cun, Ss wurdz ar not ts bx hurxd 
o'vur, nor prxsxpxte'tsd sx'labl o'vur sx'labl ; nor, az 
xt wsr, msl'tsd tsgs'Sur xn'ts a mas ov konfu'jun : 8e 
cud not bx treld, or drold, nor purmx'tsd ts slxp (pt 
korlsslx, so az ts drop unfxaixet. Ae cud bx dxlx'vurd 
from 8s lxps az bu'txful kanz nu'lx xcud' from Ss mxnt v , 
dxp'lx and a'kuretlx xmprsst, nxt'lx struk bi Ss pro'pur 
organz, dxstxrjkt', xn du sukss'cun, and ov du wet." 



Or Sx Slfabetj and Sx Elxmentnrx Syndz ov 8x 
lyghc Ltirjgwxcj. 

Ax Alt&blt (aXca and Br,-a) xz a sxtxz ov ka'rak- 
turz kold ls'turz, yuzd ts rsprxzsnf Sx slxmsn'tarx 
scfndz ov a larj.gwxcj. 

An al'fabst, ts bx purfskt, cud hav a ls'tur apro'- 
prxetsd ts s'vurx slxmsn'tarx scfndv. Yet, for brs'vxtx, 
a sxrj'gl ls'tur me rsprxzsnf a kombxne'cun ov sqndz, 
az wxl bx con hxraf tur. 

As num'bur ov le'turz xn 8x Irj'glxc larj'gwxcj xz 
twentx-sxx s ; but 8s num'bur ov elxmen'tarx scpndz xz 
■Burtx-et. Ax Irj'glxc Al fabst, Ssr for, xz bi no mxnz 
pur fskt ; not on'lx bxkoz' xt duz not konten- az ms'nx 
ls'turz az xt haz slxmsn'tarx scfndz, but bxkoz' dxfur- 
snt ls'turz ar smplad' ts rsprxzsnf 8s senr scfnd^. 

As sem sq>nd xz not con'lx rsprxzsn'tsd bi dxfursnt 
ls'turz, but bi ve'rxus kombxne cunz ov Is.turz ! and 
most ov Sxz kombxnecunz ov ls'turz rsprxzsnf dx'fur- 
snt scfndzx ! ! Indxd', Ss &urtx-ef slxmsn'tarx scrndz ov 
8x Irj'glxc larj'gwxc] ar rsprxzsn'tsd (raSur mxsreprx- 
zented), akordxrj ts 8x cold sxs'tsm ov orOografx, xn 
Qrx hun'drsd and fortx-wun' dxfursnt wezj qxc me bx 
konsx'durd xkwx'valsnt ts Srx hun'drsd and fortx-wun' 
dxfursnt lsturz* ! ! \_Sx Sx Odur'z Fcmetxk Rxdur.~] 

Axs komplsx'xtx rsn'durz Sx orSog'rafx and pronun- 
sxe'cun ov 8x Irj'glxc larj'gwxd sxtrxnvlx dx'fxkult ov 
akwxzXvCun. L'vurx dx'fxkultx, hqs'vur, wud xmx'dx- 
atlx va'nxc bi adoptxrj a purfelit alfabst, an al'fabst 
havxrj a Is'tur for svurx slxmsn'tarx scfnd v . Axs, xn- 
dxd', xz Sx con'lx fxlcozo'fxkal we ov rsprxzsnt'xrj 8s 
sqndz ov enx larj.gwxcj. On 8s fo'lcoxrj pecj 8s rxdur 
wxl find su6 an alfabst. 



A PHONETIC ALPHABET OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 



BY ANDREW COMSTOCK, M. D. 



In the following Table there is a character for each of the 38 ele- 
mentary sounds of the English Language. For the sake of brevity, 
there are also 6 compound letters, each to be used, in particular instances. 
to represent two elementary sounds. 



THE 38 SIMPLE LETTERS. 



15 Vowels. 



E e 

A a 

o 
A a 

1 x 
h s 
I i 
I i 

Q 03 

15 8 

O o 

U is 

U u 

U IT 

cp 



ale 

arm 

all 

an 

eve 

end 

He 

in 

old 

lose 

on 

tube 

UO 

full 
out 



14 Subvowels. 



9 Aspirates. 



B 


b 


D 


d 


J 


J 


G 


S 


Z 


z 


V 


V 


A 


S 


L 


1 


R 


r 


M 


m 


N 


n 


yj 


9 


w 


w 


Y 


J 



bow 
day 
a^ure 

<7 a J 
zone 

#ile 

then 

fight 

roll 

met 

no 

song 

wo 

yoke 



P 
T 
C 
K 
S 
F 

H 
Q 



^>it 

tin 

s/iade 

Zdte 

sin 

yame 

thin 

hut 

wh&t 



a a 

8 



THE 6 COMPOUND LETTERS. 



oil 



air 



» 3 
Q 3 



job 
tugs 



V 6 
X x 



etch 

OdJiS 



(16) 



VfiK.1L JOIMNaSTIX. 17 

Rxznz for expresxrj 5e 38 Elxmentarx Scpndz ov Sx 
Xr/ghc Larjgwicj bi de prxsxdxrj Karakturz. 

AE 38 SXMPL L&TtERZ. 

E e. — As scpnd ov a az xn ale (e az xn el) xz rsprx- 
zsn'tsd bi E, bxkoz' 8xs scpnd xz rsprxzsn'tsd bi E xn 
u 8ur larjgwxcjxz xn qx6 8s Rco'man al'fabst xz sm- 
plad', and xn sum xn'stansxz xn cpr on . 

A a. — As scpnd ov a az xn arm xz rsprxzsntsd bi a, 
bxkoz Sxs scpnd xz rsprxzsn'tsd bi a xn u'Sur larj'- 
gwxcjxz xn qx6 8s Rco'man al'fabst xz smplad', and not 
unfrx'kwsntlx xn cpr on. 

O o. — Axs ka'raktur xz 8s Grxk p (a), sum'qot 
mo'dxfid xn form. It xz smplad' bi Mr. Pxt'man ts 
rsprxzsnt' 8s scpnd ov o az xn old' (p az xn aid). I 
hav fcpnd xt moor konvxn'ysnt, hcps'vur, ts mek xt 
rsprxzsnt' 8s scpnd ov o az xn nor" (o az xn nor'), a az 
in all" (o az xn oh), &c. 

A a. — Axs ka'raktur xz a modxfxke'cun ov A a. It 
haz bxn formd partx'kularlx ts rsprxzsnt' 8s scpnd ov 
a az xn an* {a az xn an). 

As scpnd ov a az xn an xz konsx'durd bi sum az 8s 
cort scpnd ov a xn arm. Axz scpndz, hcps'vur, ar not 
iden'txkal — 8e dx'fur xn kwo x lxtx, az wsl az xn kwon,- 
txtx. A xz a scpnd pxkul-yur ts Sx Xrj'glxc larj.gwx^. 

X x. — Axs xz a mi Is'tur, formd partx'kularlx ts rsprx- 
zsnt' 8s scpnd ov e az xn eve K (x az xn xv). 

E s. — As scpnd ov e az xn end (s az xn end) xz 
rsprxzsn'tsd bi ep'silon, bxkoz' 8xs scpnd xz sxprssf bi 
e xn 8s Grxk v larj^gwxcj. Az 8s ka'pxtal, xn Grxk, xz 
Ss sem wxS 8x Irj'glxc E, I hav lopt of xts u'pur lxm 
ts adapt' 8s Is'tur ts mi punpus. 
2* 



18 VQK&L JDXMN&STXX. 

h xz not Ss cort scpnd ov e, az sum supoz, but a 
dxstxnkf slxmsn'tarx scpnd. 

I i. — Axs le'tur xz apro'prxetsd ts Ss scpnd ov i az xn 
isle" (i az xn ih). 

I x. — Axs xz a nu le'tur, formd partx'kularlx ts rsprx- 
zsnt' Ss scpnd ov i az xn in" (x az xn in). 

As scpnd ov / xz konsx'durd bi sum az Ss cort scpnd 
ov x. Axz scpndz, hcps'vur, ar not idsn^txkal. As scpnd 
ov x xz pxkul'yur ts Sx Xn/glxc larj.gwxcj. 

Q o. — As scpnd ov o az xn old (p az xn aid) xz 
rsprxzsmtsd bi cjmx'ga, bxkoz' 8xs scpnd xz rsprxzsn'tsd 
bi a xn 5s Grxk N latygwxc|. 

"8" s. — As scpnd ov o az xn lose (s az xn Isz) xz rsprx- 
zsn'tsd bi s, bxkoz' Sxs ka'raktur xz smplad 7 bi 5s 
Grxks ts rsprxzsnt' 5s sem scpnd v . 

O o. — As scpnd ov o az xn on xz rsprxzsn'tsd bi 
o^mxkron, bxkoz' Sxs scpnd haz hx'5urts bxn rsprxzsn'tsd 
bi o mor frx'kwsntlx 5an bi snx. u *5ur tatur. 

LJ u. — Axs xz a nu ls'tur,. formd partx'kularlx ts 
rsprxzsnt' 8s scpnd ov u az xn tube' (v az xn tvbC). Axs 
scpnd bx'xrj a kompcpnd' ov 5s scpnd ov x and 5at ov w, 
8s rx'dur wxl pursxv Sat 5s ls'tur u haz bxn cept wx5 
rs'fursns ts 8at surkumztans. 

Sum mek no dxstxrjk'cun bxtwxn' v az xn tub and 
Sat ov 8s pro'ncpn yv" — but Sxz scpndz ar bi no mxnz 
idsn^txkal : U xn tub xz an slxmsn'tarx scpnd (alfa- 
bs'txk s'lxmsnt), qoraz' 8s pro'ncpn yv komprizxz 8s 
scpnd ov y and 8at ov v xn tvb\. Du atsn'cun ts 8s 
tru pos'cur ov 8s mcp$ xn u'turxn Sxs s'lxmsnt wxl csd 
no lx'tl lit upon' xts tru ka'raktur. U xn tub xz kom- 
pcpnd'sd of x and Wu In u'turxn 8s scpnd ov v, 8s mcpS 
asumz' ts formz. — 8s furst xz Sat yuzd xn u'turxi) x — 



VfiKM DOlNaSTIX. 19 

8e ss'kund Sat smplad' An promcpns'in Wi. Hsns, if 8s 
rx'dur wud komprxhsnd' 8x sg-akf ka'raktur ov Sis 
scpnd, hx cud £enc], sunvqot kwiklx, 8s poseur ov 58 
nicpft from / ts wa. In uturxrj x, Ss lxps and tx& cud 
bx a li'tl s&paretsd; xn scpnd'in id, 8s mcpS cud bx 
kontraktsd az xn 8x akt ov qxs v lxrj. (Sx pos'£jurz ov 
8s mcpQ, p. 34 — 5.) 

U u. — As scpnd ov u az xn up xz rsprxzsn'tsd bi Sxs v 
ka v raktur; 8s ka'pxtal xz ov 8s sem form az 8s smob 
Isvtur, bxkoz' 8x arxcjxnal ka'pxtal xz u'Surwiz apror- 
prxetsd. 

As pcozx'cun ov Mr. Pxt'man, 8at u xn kur and u in 
kuri ar dxfursnt scpndz, xz oltG3gs'8ur unts N nabl. Aat 
8xz ts scpndz dx'fur sum'qot xn lauon'txti, xz, purhaps', 
ob'vxus ts 8s mxr trro xn fonoJcocjx. But kan xt bx 
po'sxbl 8at 8s sem scpnd xz ts bx rsprxzsn'tsd bi ts dxs- 
txrjkt' ls'turz, upon' 8s grcpnd ov a dx'fursns xn kwon'- 
titx? JS so, a scpnd qx6 me ve'rx xts kwon'txtx six 
timz must bx rsprxzsn'tsd bi sxx dxfursnt Is^turz ! 

U u. — Axs ka'raktur xz aprco'prxetsd ts 8s scpnd ov 
u az xn fulh (v az xn fvl), o az xn wolf (v az xn 
wvlf), &c. 

<I> cp. — As scpnd ov ou az xn out (qp az xn q)t), xz 
rsprxzsn'tsd bi fx% 8s Grxk/, bxkos' 8xs Is tur xz x'zxlx 
med wx8 a psn, and wxl an'sur 8s pur'pus az wsl az 
a ka'raktur ov s'nx u v 8ur forrn . 

D d. — Axs ls'tur xz aprwprxetsd ts 8s scpnd ov d az 
xn day" (d az xn de,). 

J j. — As scpnd ov % az xn a'zure (j az xn ejur) xz 
rsprxzsn'tsd bi j,; furst, bxkos' j xz smplad' ts rspri- 
zsnt' 8xs scpnd xn 8s Frsnfr lar^gwicj ; and, ss'kundlx, 
bxkoz' I find Sxs ka'raktur kan bx x'zxlx yuni'ted wx5 



20 VQK<\LJOXMNASTXX. 

d, ts form 5s konrpcpnd Is'tur cj\ ts rspnzsnt' Ss kom- 
bind' scpndz ov d and z in a'zure (ejvr), az hurd in 5s 
wurdz bridge, jem, John, &c, {brief, cjem, JDon\&LC.) 

G g. — Axs ka'raktur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov 
g az in gY/?/* (g- az in ge\). 

Z z. — Ais Is'tur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov z az 
in zone" (z az in zcjuk). 

A 5. — As scpnd ov th az in then (8 az in Sen) iz 
rspnzsn'tsd bi 8ehta, bxkoz' Sis scpnd iz rspnzsn'tsd 
bi 8 in 5s Grxk v larj*gwxc|. 

In ms'ni ov cpr kolxcjxz and skslz, 5is Is'tur iz pro- 
ncpnsf lik d,, and iz kold delta ; 5s Grxks, hcps'vur, 
proncpns' it lik th in then', and kol it thelda. 

N n. — Ais Is'tur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov n 
az in no\ 

V\ rj. — Ais ka'raktur iz x'ta (r\), sum'qot mo'difid in 
fornriv. It iz smplcid' ts rspnzsnt' 5s scpnd ov n az in 
inh {tj az in ir/fc), ng az in song' {rj az in soy), &c. 

Y y. — Ais Is'tur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov y az 
in yoh. 

T t. — Ais Is'tur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov t az 
in tin,. 

C c. — C iz smplad' ts rspnzsnt' 5s scpnd ov sh az 
in shade" (c az in ced,) ; furst, bxkoz' it haz hi'5urts 
rspnzsn'tsd 5is scpnd in sum wurdz, az o'cean, Gre- 
cian (wean, Grx'cun), &c. ; and, ss'kundli, bxkos' I 
find it kan bx x'zili yuni'tsd wi5 t ts form a kom'- 
pcpnd Is'tur (6), ts rspnzsnt' 5s kombind' scpndz ov t 
and sh (t and c), az hurd in 5s wurdz pitch, chin, 
nocture (piS, 6 in, ne'Svr), &c. 

S s. — Ais Is'tur iz apro'pnetsd ts 5s scpnd ov s az 
in sm\ 



VfiKaL DOINaSTIX. 21 

F f. — F iz apro'pnetsd ts Ss scpnd ov f az in 
fame" (fenu). 

© S. — As scpind ov th az in thin ($ az in $/ti) iz 
rspnzsn'tsd bi d^x'ta, bxkoz' Sis scpnd iz rspnzsn'tsd 
bi $ in Ss Grxb larj.gwicj. 

Q q. — Ac scpnd ov wh az in ivhat (q az in qot) iz 
rspnzsn'tsd bi q ; furst, bxkoz' Sor iz nco u'Sur yus 
qi£ I kan meb ov Sis ls»tur; and, ss'kundli, bxkoz' Sis 
scpnd me bx rspnzsn'tsd bi q az \vsl az bi a ka'raktur 
ov sni u v Sur form v . 

It iz not a li'tl surpri'zirj Sat sum tek Ss pcozi'cun 
Sat wh (q) iz a kom'pcpnd ov hw\! Az wh (q) rspn- 
zsnts' a sim'pl slimsn'tan scpnd, s'ni atsmpt' ts a'na- 
liz it must sur'tinli bx unsuksss v ful. But x'vn did wh 
(q) rspnzsnf a kom'pcpnd scpnd, it iz sxtrxm'li di'fi- 
kult ts sx hep it kud bx rxzolvd' m'ts hw,. As scpnd ov 
wh (q) iz a mxr qispur ; and, olSo' it me bx vs'rx. 
klxrli sxplend' in Ss vi'va vo'ce form, it ka'not bx 
klxr'li ilus'tretsd upon' pe^pur. As rx'dur me komprx- 
hsnd' it prs'ti klxr'li bi qis'punrj Ss kombind' scpndz 
ov h and u in full (h and v in fvl), az hurd in hoo K 
in hood, (hv K in hvd,). 

Ql Sx u'Sur kon'sconants, nem li, — h, k, I, m, p, r, r, 
and w, rxten' Ss sem pcprz in 5s nu al'fabst qi6 Se 
hav in Sx wld^ 

AL 6 KOMP^ND LETURZ. 

Az Ss 38 sim'pl ls'turz ov Ss nu al'fabst rspnzsnt' 
ol Sx slimsn'tan scpndz ov cpr larj'gwicj, Se ar a'di- 
kwet ts ol Ss pur'pusiz ov Irj'glic orSo^grafi. But 
az gretur brs'viti in spsl'ii] me bx atend' bi rspn- 



22 VQKa.LDXMNa.STXX. 

zent'xrj sum kombind' scpndz bi sxi)'gl Is'turz, 5s fo'lco- 
xrj ka'rakturz hav bxn formd for Sat purpus. 

(I a. — Axs ls'tur xz kompcpnd'sd ov a and r, and xz 
smplad' ts rsprxzsnt' 5s kombind' scpndz ov oi az xn 
oil, oy az xn boy (ox az xn al, ox az xn ba), &c». 

8 8. — Axs ls'tur xz formd ts rsprxzsnt' 5s kombind' 
scpndz ov e and u, az hurd xn air, rare, there {or, ror, 
8 or), &c. 

JD cj. — Az j xz smplad' xn 5s nu al'fabst ts rsprxzsnt' 
5s scpnd ov z az xn a'zure (j az xn ejvr), 5s kombind' 
scpndz ov d az xn day, and ov z az xn a'zure (d az xn 
dfe, and ov j az xn ejvr), az hurd xn bridge, judge, 
John, George (brxdj, djudj, Djon, Djordj), &c, ar 
rsprxzsn'tsd bi a ls'tur kompcpnd'sd ov d and / (JD cj). 
Hsns, 5x abuv wurdz me bx spsld 5us x — brxcj, cjucjf, 
Don, JJorc]', &c . 

V t. — Az c xz smplod' xn 5s nu al'fabst ts rsprx- 
zsnf 5s scpnd ov sh az xn shade, c az xn o'cean, ch az 
xn chaise (c az xn ced, c az xn cj'cun, c az xn cez), &c, 
5s kombind' scpndz ov t and sh (c), 5s kog'net. ov cj, az 
hurd xn 8s wurdz etch, chin, na'ture (etc, tcxn, ne>- 
tcvr), &c, ar rsprxzsnt'sd bi a ls'tur kompcpnd'sd ov t 
and c CO &). Hsns, 5x abuv wurdz me bx spsld 5us' 
— eS, Sxn, n&Svr, &x. 

Q %. — Axs ls'tur xz formd from g ts rsprxzsnt' 5s 
kombind' scpndz ov g and z, az hurd xn exam'ple, exist' 
(egzam'pl, egzxst), &c . Hsns, 5xz wurdz me bx spsld 
scampi, s§"xst>, &c v . 

X x. — X xz aprco'prxetsd ts 5s scpnd ov ks, 5s kog'- 
net ov %, az hurd xn expertise, ex'it (eksmrsiz, eks'xt), 
&c. Hsns, 5xz wurdz me bx spsld, ex v ursiz, ex^xt, &c. 



VQKftL DUMNaSTlX. 23 

Rxmarks. 

I hav bxn Sus mxnut' in mi rxmarks' on Ss ls'turz 
ov Ss nu al'fabst, Sat Ss rx'dur me pursxv Sat Se hav 
not bxn prcopcozd' wxScpt' rxflsk'cun, and particular 
atEn'cun ts Sor adapte'cun ts 5s scpndz qx6 Se ar med 
ts reprxzsnt. Ax advan'tec] ov reprxzent'xi) xdsn'txkal 
scpndz, in dx'fursnt larj'gwxc|xz, bi Ss sem ls'turz, must 
apxr' ob'vxus ts s vurx wun. As prxsxd'xrj Fons'txk 
Al'fabst haz bxn formd upon' Sxs prxn.sxpl. 



A l V*x LZ. 

As vcp'ilz ar dxvid'sd xn'ts Mo'ncoOonz, DipSorjz, 
and Trip^Qorjz. 

As Mo'noSorjz konsxsf ov wun kind ov scpnd, and 
kon'sxkwsntlx ar sxrwpl sjimsnts. Ae ar az fo^lcoz : 

A, O, A, X, E, I, O, U, U. 

As Dxp'Qorjz konsxst' ov ts ldndz ov scpnd, qx£ kcoa- 
Iss' so xn-txmetlx Sat Se apxr' lik wun yu'nxform scpndv. 
Ae ar az ftrlcoz : 

e, i, k, m 

As dxpOorj E, az wsl az I, haz a karakturxs'txk 
scpnd for xts ra'dxkal, and Ss mo'ncoQorj I for xts 
vajixc. Axz dxp'Sorjz, un'dur surtxn surkumstansxz, 
(for xn'stans, qsn Se ar ka'rxd $rs a wid rencj ov px£, 
az in xntsroge'cun wxS surpriz') ar konvur'tsd xii'ts 
trxp'Oorjz, — Ss Surd konstx'6usnt bx'xrj Se mo'ncoSorj X,. 

As dxp'Sorj, K, haz a karakturxs'txk scpnd for xts 
ra'dxkal, and Se subvcp'il, W, for xts vanxc. 



24 



VfiKAL JQXMNASTXX 



Ae dxp'9on, U, haz Se moncoSoq', I, for its ra'dxkal, 
and Se subvcp'xl, W, for its va nxc. 

Ae TrxpSonz konsxst' ov Srx kindz ov scpnd, qx6 
kcoales' so xntxmetlx Sat Se apxr lik wun yu'nxform 
scpndv. Ae ar az fcvlcoz : 

Ae furst konsti'duent ov Q, az wel az Sat ov O, xz a 
scpnd karakturxs v txk ov Sxs E^xmsnt ; and Se dxp'ftorj, 
K, kon'stxtuts Se ss'kund and Surd' konstx^uEnt ov Sxz 
trxpok)nz. 

Ae fo'lcoxrj skxm xz an analxsxs ov Se dxp'Sorjz and 
trxp^Oorjz. Ae rx'dur wxl obzurv Sat (wxS wun skssp'- 
cun) Ss Is'turz qx6 ar smplcid' ts rEprxzsnt' Se dxp'Bonz 
and trxp'donz, ar yuzd, un'dur Se hsd, konsU'6 vents, 
ts rEprxzsnt' Sor radxkalz comh. 



DXP0OIJZ. 


KONSTX13IJRNTS. 


TRXP0OJJZ. 


KONSTXCULNTS 


E 


E — I 


E 


E— X— X 


I 


I — I 


I 


I— I— X 


K 


K— W 


p 


Q_K— W 


U 


I — W 





0— K— W 



I hav ssd Sat E and I ar sunrtimz dxp'Sorjz, and 
sunrtimz trxpSonz ; h£ns, abuv, Se apxr 7 un'dur bwd 
hsdzw 

Ae dxp'Sonz and trxp'Sorjz ar cjE'nuralx mo'ncoOorjz 
qsn Se ar fo'lcod bi a kon^sconant — Ss kon'scanant, xn 
Sxz ke'sxs, tek'xn Se pies ov Ss va^nxc. Aus, a xh ta'per 
(e xn te'pur) xz a movncoSog ; but, xn natural u'tur- 
ans, qsn Sxs ls'tur xz prconcpnst sxrj'glx, and qen fi'nal, 
xt xz a dxp Qorj, or a trxp v don. 

Du'rxrj Sx u'turans ov a mo'ncj&or), Sx a'purtur ov 



VfiKa.LJOXMNa.STXX. 25 

5s mcp$ rxmenz' ste^cunarx ; but du'rxrj Sat ov a d/p 1 - 
&oy, or tnp'&or), 5x a'purtur xz gra'cjualx dxmx'nxet 
txl 8s komsns'msnt ov 5s last konstx v cusnt ; xt 5sn rx- 
mens' ste'cunarx txl 5s scpnd xz sndvsd. Axs xz xlus' 
tretsd bi 5s fb'lcoxrj dragramz : 

Diagram 1. Diag. 2. Diag. 3. 





K W Q K W 



Ax o*pnxrj ov 5s tub, Diag. 1, rsprxzsnts' 5x a'pur- 
tur ov 5s mcp& xn 5x u'turans ov 5s mo'ncodon, O ; 
and 5s lsn& ov 5s tub rsprxzsnts' 5s dure'cun ov 5s 
scpnd v . 

As larc] snd ov Diag. 2, rsprxzsnts' 5x a'purtur ov 
5s mcp$ xn komsns'xrj 5x u'turans ov 5s dxpSoij, ~8" s ; 
5s pcor'cun ov 5s fxgur bxtwxn' K and W, ccoz 5s 
gradual dxmxnu'cun ov 5x a'purtur ov 5s mcp& du'rxrj 
5s u'turans ov 5s furst konstx'6usnt, and 5s rxmen'xrj 
pcor'cun ccoz 5s ste'cunarx pcozx'cun ov 8x a'purtur 
ov 5s m(p& du'rxrj 5x u'turans ov 5s ss v kund kon- 
stx^usnt. 

As larcj snd ov Diag. 3, rsprxzsnts' 5s a'purtur ov 
5s mfpd xn komsns'xn 5x u'turans ov 5s trxp'Sorj, Q x ; 
5s pcor'cun ov 5s fx'gur bxtwxn' Q and K, ccoz 5s gra'- 
cjual dxmxnu'cun ov 5x a'purtur ov 5s mcp$ du'rxrj 5x 
u'turans ov 5s furst v konstx x 6usnt ; 5s pcor'cun bxtwxn' 
IS and W, ccoz 5s gradual dxmxnu'cun ov 5s a'purtur 
ov 5s mcpS du'rxrj 5x u'turans ov 5s ss'kund konstx^u- 
snt ; and 5s rxmen'xrj pcor'cun ov 5s fx'gur, 5s ste'cun- 
arx pcozx'cun ov 5x a'purtur ov 5s mcp& du'rxrj 5x 
u'turans ov 5s Surd v konstx^usnt. 
3 



26 VQKAL.DXMNa.STXX, 



A E SUB V#X LZ. 



B konsxsts' ov a vo'kal scpnd and an as^pxret. Aa 
furst konstx'6usnt xz formd wxS 5s lxps klcozdv ; Se 
ss'kund, bi as'pxretxrj 8s vcp'xl, U, at Ss mo'msnt ov 
5or sspare>cun. Qsn B xz qxspurd, 8s ss'kund kon- 
stx'6usnt on v lx xz hurd . 

D konsxsts' ov a vwkal scpnd and an as v pxret. As 
furst konstx'£usnt xz formd wx8 8s txp ov 8s tun prsst 
agsnst' 8s gumz ov 8x u'pur xnsi'surx txO v ; 8s ss'kund, 
bi aspxret'xrj 8s vcp'xl, U, at 8s mormsnt ov xts rx- 
msval. Qsn D xz qxs'purd, 8s ss'kund konstx'£usnt 
wn x lx xz hurd ( . 

J, az xn a'zure (e'jvr), xz a konrpcpnd ov voka'lxtx 
and aspxrecun. It xz formd bi cjsn'tlx prss'xrj 8s turj 
(bak ov xts txp) agsnst' 8s rsf ov 8s mcpS, and fcor'sxrj 
opt 8s brs$. 

G konsxsts' ov a vorkal scpnd and an asvpxret. As 
furst konstx'6usnt xz formd wx8 8s rst ov 8s turj prsst 
agsnst' 8s kur'txn, or vel ov 8s pavlat ; 8s ss'kund, bi 
as'pxretxrj 8s vcp'xl, U, at 8s mormsnt ov xts rxm8\val. 
Qsn G xz qxspurd, 8s ss'kund konstx'6usnt (Dn v lx xz 
hurd v . 

Z, az xn zone (zcm), xz a buz'xrj scpnd, a kom'pcpnd 
ov voka'lxtx and aspxre^cun. It xz formd bi prss'xrj 
8s txp ov 8s turj cjsn'tlx agsnst' 8s gumz ov Sx u'pur 
xnsi'surz, and fcors'xrj cpt 8s brsS . 

V xz a kom'pcpnd ov voka'lxtx and aspxrs v cun. It 
xz formd wx8 8x undur lxp prsst agsnst' 8x scj ov 8x 
u'pur xnsi'surx tx& . 

A, az xn then (den), xz a kom'pcpnd ov voka'lxtx 
and aspxrecun, formd wx8 8s txp ov 8s turj rsst'xrj 



VOKkLJDXMN&STXX. 27 

cjsn'tlx agsnst' Sx x'nur sur'fas ov 5x u'pur xnsi'- 
surx tx&. 

L xz a vco'kal scpnd, med wxS 5s tip ov 5s tun, prsst 
agsnst' 5s gumz ov Sx u'pur xnsi'surx tx$ . 

R xz a vco'kal scpnd, ov qx6 Sor ar ts verrxtxz. As 
furst xz kold 5s trxld R, and xz med bi koz'irj 5s tun. 
ts vi'bret agsnst' 5s gumz ov Sx u'pur xnsi'surx txd, qil 
5s brs$ xz prcopsld' Srs 5s mcpB\ ; 5s ss'kund xz kold 
Ss smsd R, and xz med wxS 5s txp ov 5s turj s'lxvetsd 
tco'urdz 5s ssn'tur ov 5s rsf ov 5s mcpvh. R me bx trxld 
qsn xt prxsxdz' a vcp^xl, az xn red, kruc, &c . ; but qsn 
xt fo'leoz a vcp'xl, az xn or, orb, &c, xt cud bx med 
sms5v. 

M xz a scpnd, vco'kal and ne'zal, med wx5 5s Ixps 
klcozd v . 

N xz a scpnd, vco'kal and ne'zal, formd wx5 8s txp 
ov 5s tug prsst agsnst' 5s gumz ov 5x u'pur xnsi'- 
surx tx& . 

PJ xz a scpnd, vco'kal and ne'zal, formd \vx5 5s rst 
ov 5s turj prsst cjen'tlx agsnst' 5s kur'txn ov 5s pajat. 

W xz a vco'kal scpnd, formd wx5 5s lxps kontrak'tsd 
az xn 5x akt ov qxsvlxrj. 

Y xz a vco'kal scpnd, formd \vx5 5s lxps and tx$ a 
Ix'tl ss\paretsd. 



AX aSPKRETS. 

P xz formd bi klcoz'xrj 5s lxps, and as'pxretxrj 5s 
vcp'xl, U, at 5s mco'msnt ov 5or sspamcun. 

T xz formd bi prss'xrj 5s txp ov 5s tuq agsnst' 5s 
gumz ov Sx u'pur xnsi'surx tx$, and as'pxretxrj 5s 
vcp'xl, LI, at 5s mco'msnt ov its rxms^val. 



28 VfiKkLJDXMN&STXX. 

C, az xn o'cean (a'cun), shade (ced), &c, xz formd 
wxS 8e tuij (bak ov its txp) prest cjen'tlx agensf 5s 
rsf ov Se mcp$ . 

K xz formd bi pres'xrj 8e rst ov Se tun. agensf 5s 
kur'txn ov Se pa'lat, and as'pxretxrj Se vcp'xl, U, at Se 
morment ov its rxms,val. 

S xz a hxs^xrj scpnd, and, lik Z, xz formd wxS Se txp 
ov Se turj prest cjen'tlx agensf Se gumz ov Sx u'pur 
xnsi'surx tx& . 

F, lik Y, xz formd wxo" Sx un'dur lxp prest agensf 
Sx u'pur xnsi'surx tx& . 

®, lik A. xz formd wxS Se txp ov Se turj prest cjen'tlx 
agensf Sx u'pur xnsi'surx tx& . 

H xz Sx xnsep'txv part ov a vcp'xl scpnd, as'pxreted 
xn a partx'kular we*. H me bx u'turd xn az me'nx 
wez az Sor ar vcp'xlz xn Se larj x gwxcj. Hens, Sor ar 
fxftxn' varrxtxz ov Sxs scpndx — x6 ov qx6 rxkwirz- Se 
sem poseur ov Se mcp& az Se vcp'xl qxc fo^lcoz xt v . 

Q, az xn zohat (qot), xz Sx xnsep'txv part ov Se vcp'xl, 
U, as'pxreted xn a partx'kular we v . Ae scpnd ov Q xz 
nxr'lx Se sem az Sat ov HU qxs purd. Q rxkwirz' Ss 
sem poseur ov Se mcpft Sat Se vcp,xl, U, rxkwirz,. 

Rxmarks. 

QlSw ov no pr&li'txk&l xmportans, xt me not bx 
unxn'turestxrj ts 8e fxlcozo,fxk rx'dur ts nco 8at 8e 
se'kund konstx'£uent ov 8e sub'vcpxlz, B, D, G, and ov 
Sx as'pxrets, P, T, K, xz formd bi as'pxretxrj 8e vcp'xl, 
U, con'lx qen Sxz e'lxments ar ut'urd sxrj'glx, qen Se ar 
fi'nal, and qen Se ar fb'lcod bi a kon v so3nant. Qen Se 
ar fo'lcad bi a vcp'xl, Sor se'kund konstx'6usnt xz formd 
bi as'pxretxrj Sat vcpvxl. Axs me bx ren'durd ob'vxus 



VfiKAL DIMNaSTHX. 29 

bi prconcpns'irj fcorsxblx, and dxlx'buretlx, 8s wurds be, 
de, ge, and pe, te, ke\ or s'nx u'8ur wurdz in qxc B, 
D, G, and P, T, K ar fo'lcod bi vcpalz. 

As furst ss'vn sub'vcpxlz and §8 furst ss'vn as-pxrets, 

B, P, | D, T, | J, C, | G, K, | Z, S, | V, F, | A, ©, 

ar rxsxp'rcokalx kog'nets or kore'lativz, bx'xrj formd bi 
8s sem organz. Sum se Sat W and Wff (Q') ar 
kog v nets. Aat Se ar not me bx con bi qxs'purxr) altur'- 
netlx ice and q&, or s'nx u'Sur wurdz bxgxn'xrj wxS w 
and q\ In form'xij 5s scpnd ov Q, mcor brs& xz sx- 
psnd'sd San Sor xz xn foravxrj Sat ov W*; bxsidz v , 8s 
for'mur scpnd rxkwirz' a larc]ur a'purtur ov 8s mcpft 
8an 8s la^tur. [Sx pos'6urz ov 8s mcp£K pecjxz 34-5.] 
As kom'pcpnds D and 'C, and Q and X, ar, ov kcors, 
kog^nets, bxkoz' 8or ehments ar kogvnets. 



DXFEKTXV ARTXKIJLECTIN. 

Artxkijlecun xz dxfsk'txv qsn wun or mcor s'lx- 
msnts ov a wurd ar comx'tsd, or xmpur'fsktlx formdv ; 
or qsn wun s'lxmsnt xz sub'stxtutsd for anu*8ur. 

Dxfsk'txv artxkule'cun xz sksxd'xrjlx kovinun : pur- 

haps' 8or xz not wun xndxvx'cjual xn tsn Sep zand hsz 

artxkule'cun xz purfekt. Axs ari'zxz from 8s nsglskf 

ov a pro'pur cjxmnaslxk tren'xrj ov 8x or'ganz ov spxc" 

xn 6ild^ud. Az ssn az 6xl'drsn ar ke'pabl ov x'mx- 

tetxq scpndz, Se cud bx tot 8x s'lxmsntz ov vco'kal lan> 

gwxcj. And, ts fasx'lxtet Sx akwxzx'cun ov Sxs no'lscj, 

8e cud bx med ts sx'ursiz bxfcor a mxrur, sco az ts 

kompor' 8s msvmsnts ov 8or on lxps wxS Scoz ov 8s 

lxps ov Sor xnstrukvtur. Bi pursu'ii] Sxs kcors, a gud 
3* 



30 VfiKa.LJOXMNa.STXX. 

fcpndccun wxl bx led for a pur'fekt and gres'ful artxku- 
le v cun. 

Aor ar sum xn'stansxz ov dxfek'txv artxkule'cun qx6 
ar sea xmportant Sat Se dxzurv spe'cal novtxs. I alud' 
ts 8coz ke'sxz xn qx£ wun elxment xz sub'stxtuted for 
anuvSur. 

Uxl'dren ar apt ts sub'stxtut Se scpnd ov d for Sat 
ov g\ and Se scpnd ov t for Sat ov fa : for ge, Se se 
de>; for kek, teP, &c v . 

Ts ene'bl 88 pu'pxl ts korekt' Sxz folts, I explen 7 ts 
hxm 8e ma'nur xn qx6 Se scpndz ov g and k ar pro- 
dust* : 8e ar formd bi pres'xrj Se rst ov Se turj agenst' 
Se soft palat, and not, lik d and t, bi pres'xrj xts txp 
agenst' Se gumz ov Sx u'pur xnsisurz. I 8en dxrekt' 
hxm ts prconqms 7 , aftur mx, d and g, and t and k, sxrj'- 
glx, or xn kombxne'cun wx5 a vcp x xl, 8us v : 

d g | d g 

de ge | da ga 

t k | t k 

te ke | ta ka 

Bi 8us kontrast'xrj Se substxtu'ted scpnd wxS Se 
korekt' wun, Se pu'pxl wxl, xn cje'nural, bx ene'bld ts 
pursxv Se dxstxrjk'txv ka'raktur ov x&. 

Qen Sxs plan duz not prsv sukses'ful, I dxrekt' Ss 
pxjpxl ts Q'pn hxz mcpS az widlx az po sxbl (sco Sat 8s 
txp ov Se tun. ka'not tu6 Se rsf ov Se mcpS), and ts 
proncpns', aftur mx, Se fo'lcoxrj ex^ursiz : 

ge ga go ga | gx ge | gi gx | go gs go | gu gu gu | gcp. 
te ta to ta | tx te | ti tx | tea ts to | tu tu tu | tcp. 
ag eg xg og ug | ak ek xk ok uk. 

Qen nx'Sur ov Sxz skxmz prsvz sukses'ful, I rxkwssf 



d 


g 


1 d 


g 


&c. 


do 


go 


da 


ga 


&c. 


t 


k 


1 t 


k 


&c. 


to 


ko 


1 ta 


ka 


I &c. 



VfiKkL DUMNASTKX. 31 

8s pu'pxl ts prss his tun, dcpn'wurds and bak^wurdz, 
wx8 hxz xn'dsx fxn/gur, and prconcpns' af tur mx 8s prx- 
sxd'xn. sx v ursiz. Axs I hav ns'vur nan ts fek. 

Sum cxl'drsn, and x'vn sum adults', comxt' Sx e'lx- 
msnt j qsn xt fo'lcoz d, and 8x s'lxmsnt c qsn xt fo'lcoz 
t: ; for xn'stans, Se prconcpns' Don, Dow, — *Carlz, 
Tarlz\ &Cv. 

Ts korskt' 8s furst ov 8xz dxfskts', 8s pu'pxl cud 
prconcpns' d and j, alturnetlx, aftur 8s tx^ur — 8s 
tx'fiur prconcpns'xq 8s j klco'sur and klco'sur ts 8s d, xn 
x£ suksss'xv porz, txl 8s scpndz ov 8s ts ls'turz kcoalss*, 
8us» : 

d j I d j I d j | dj | dj | d, 

Ts korskf 8s la'tur ov 8xz dxfskts', 8s pu'pxl cud xn 
lik ma'nur prconcpns', aftur 8x txfiur, t and c, 8us x : 

t c | t c | t c I t c I tc I 6. 

As pu'pxl cud 8sn prconcpns', aftur 8s tx'fiur, 8s fo^lcoxq 
ex*ursiz : 

de c|e | da cja | do cjo | da cja | dx cjx | ds cje | &c. 

te ce | ta 6a | to 6o | ta 6a | tx ex | ts 6e | &c. 

Ae scpnd ov v and Sat ov w ar konfcpnd'sd bi sum 
punsnz ; for xnstans, qsn 8e wud se vin, 8e se win', 
and vixe ver'sa. An atsn'cun ts 8s pro'pur pos'fiurz 
ov 8s mcp&, xn 8s prcoduk'cun ov 8xz slxmsnts, wxl ssn 
sne'bl 8s pu'pxl ts korskt* 8xs folk. [Sx pos'6urz ov 8e 
mcpS, pecjxz 34-5.) As fo'leoxn sx'ursiz, fcpnd'sd on 8s 
prxn'sxpl ov kon'trast, cud bx frx'kwsntlx prak'txst bi 
8s pu'pxl xn 8s mcost snurcjs'txk ma^nur. 

ve we | va wa| vo wo| va wa| vx wx| vs ws| &c. 
we ve I wa va I wo vo I wa va I wx vx I ws vs | &c. 



32 VQKaLDXMNASTXX. 

In korskt'xr) folts in artikulecun, xt wxl ofn bx 
fcpnd advantecjus ts sx'ursiz 5s pu'pxl bxfcoi" a mirur, 
Sat hx me obzurv 5s kon'trast bxtwxn' 58 msvments 
ov hxz on rncp& and 5coz ov 5s tx s 6ur. 



L X S P X IJ. 

Lxsp'xij xz 58 substxtu'cun ov 5e scpnd ov $ for 5at 
ov sum u5ur le.tur, cje'nuralx for 5at ov s^. Aus 5s 
wurdz sel, send, sit, sorj, &c, ar prconcpnsf &el, $end, 
$it, &oy\ &c . 

Ae lxs'pur cud bx told Sat, xn form'in. 5s scpnd ov $, 
5s txp ov 58 tug xz prsst cjsntlx agsnst' 5x x'nur sul- 
fas ov 5x u'pur xnsi'surx tx9\ ; qoraz', xn form'ii] 5at 
ov s, xt xz plest xn lik ma'nur agsnst' 5e gumz ov 
5x u'pur xnsi'surx tx£h. Hens, ts avoid' mek'iij $ for 
s, 5s tuq cud bx dron bak a Ix'tl, and xts pant turnd 
up'wurd agsnst' 5s gumz ov Sx u'pur tx$ v — but xt cud 
not tu6 5s tx9\. In 5s korsk'cun ov lxsp'xq, 5s fo'lcoxrj 
sx'ursiz me bx prak'txst wxS advan v tecj : 

Se ze | Sa za | So zo | 5a sa | 5x zx | 5s zs | &c. 
&e se | &a sa j So so | -Ba sa | Sx sx | $s ss | &c. 

As dxfskts' ov artxkule'cun, xn qx6 wun s'lxmsnt xz 
sub'stxtuted for anu'5ur, ar nu^murus ; but, az 5s 
me'Sud ov trxt'msnt xz sx'mxlur xn ol, xt xz prxzumd' 
xnuf haz bxn ssd ts sne'bl 5s tx'£ur ts ma'nicj 5sm 
suksss^fulx, partx'kularlx az aprco'prxet EX'ursizxz for 
most ov Sem wxl bx fcpnd xn 5s prak'txkal part ov 
Sxs wurta. 



VQIiftL niMNaSTIX. 33 



s t a. M U R X IJ. 



Stcv'murxij xz a fun/cunal dxrencj'msnt ov Sx or'ganz 
ov spxc, qx£ rsri'durz 8sm xnke'pabl, un'dur sur'txn 
surkumstansxz, ov promt'lx cobe'xi) 8s komandz' ov Ss 
wxlv. Xn a macjo'rxtx ov ke'sxz, 8s koz ov 8xs afsk'cun 
o'purets drs 8s mx'dxum ov 8s mind . 

Sta'murxq xz kurd bi a rs'gular krars ov hicjx'nxk 
slcokuvCim. But, az 8s dxzxz' sepxsts' un'dur a vari'xtx 
ov formz, xt rxkwirz' a vari'xtx ov trxtmsnt. And, az 
8s trxt'msnt xz me'dika-elcjlivcunal, hx hs wud apli' 
xt suksss'fulx, must yunif 8s skxl ov 8x sloku'cunxst 
wxS 8 at ov 8s fizrcstn. Ax idx'a 8at non-ms'dxkal 
msn ar ke'pabl ov dxs6arcj'xrj 8s du'txz ov apli'xrj 8s 
rs'mxdxz ts kom'plxketsd komplents' ov 8s hii'man 
bo'dx, xz a svi-cjsivurxs xn lo'cjxk, and a ben xn 8s 
prak'Us ov 8s hxhxn art . 

A ful konsxdurccun ov 8s sub'cjskt ov sta'murxn xz 
not kompa'txbl wx8 8s dxsim ov 8xs wurkv — 8x o'$ur 
xz prxperxn for publxke'cun anuSur qx£ wxl trxt 
sxklusxvlx ov xmps'dxmsnts ov spxc\. 



AE POST3IJRZ OV AE M <I> ®. 

An a'kuret no'lscj ov 8s pozx'cunz qx6 8x or'ganz 
ov artikule'cun cud asunr xn 8s forme'cun ov 8s 
ssvural s'lxmsnts ov vo'kal larj'gwxc], xz vs'rx xmpor- 
tant ts 8oz hs wud spxk wx8 xz and sJxgans. Ts ed 
8s rxdur stxl furSur xn 8x akwxzx'cun ov 8xs no'lscj, 
hx xz fur'nxct on Ss folcoxn pec] wx8 8s ve'rxus pos - 
£yrz ov Se mcp$, rxkwird' xn u'turxq 8x s'lxmsnts snur- 
cjs'txkalx and sxfyglx. 




(35) 



36 VQK51L KJMNaSTIX. 

Ax s'lxmsnts ar grspt akordxrj ts Ss pos'cur xn qx6 
Ss mcp$ cud bx qsn 5e ar formdw It wxl bx sxn Sat 8g 
dip'&oyz and trip'doyz hav x6 ts* pos»6urz ov Ss mcpft 
— wun at §s komsns'msnt, Sx u'Sur at Ss turmxne^cun 
ov 8s scpnd v . 

Axz pos'6urz ar, ov kcors, mcor or les mo'dxfid qsn Sx 
s'lxmsnts ar ut'urd xn Sor ve'rxus kombxne'cunz, and 
wxS dx'fursnt dxgrxz' ov fors v . 

WxScpt korekf artxkulecun, xt xz xmpo'sxbl ts bx 
a gud rx'dur or sprkur. Agdz hs hav bxn akus'tumd 
ts proncpns' Sor wurdz xn a kor'lss or slu'vsnlx ma'nur, 
wxl find xt dx'fxkult, x'vn wxS Sor best s Tarts, ts ut-ur 
Sem dxstxrjktJx. Ax or'ganz ov artxkule'cun, for wont 
ov pro'pur sx'ursiz, bxkunv, az xt wsr, paTalizd. As 
pu'pxl, Ssr'far, at Ss vs'rx komsns'msnt ov hxz stu'dxz 
cud bx konduk'tsd drs a sx'rxz ov sx'ursizxz kal'kuletsd 
ts strsrjB'sn Ss mu'slz ov artxkule'cun, and rsn'dur 
Sem obx'dxsnt ts Ss wxL. As bsst ms'Sud for sfskt'xrj 
Sxz pur'pusxz xz ts sx'ursiz Ss vas on Sx s'lxmsnts ov 
spx6 ; furst, on xc s'lxmsnt ss'paratlx ; ss'kundlx, on 
ve'rxus kombxne^cunz. As vcp'xlz cud bx sxplwdsd 
from Ss Srcot, ba§ xnturo'gatxvlx and afurmatxvlx, xn 
s'vurx rencj ov pxc wxSxn' Ss kum'pus ov Ss vas\ and 
wxS s'vurx po'sxbl dxgrx' ov fcors^ 

As vcp'xlz ar sxplco'dsd xn Ss fo'loxrj ma v nur : mek a 
ful xnspxre'cun, klcoz Ss glo'txs, and kontrakf Ss 
mu'slz ov sxpxre'cun sco az ts kondsns' Sx or xn Ss 
lurjz v , — Ssn ut'ur Sx s'lxmsnt wxS a su'dxn and forsxbl 
xmx'cun ov Ss brs£h. As scpndz Sus prcodust' me bx 
dxno'mxnetsd vcj'kal &uridur; Sx sfskf upon' an o'dxsns 
xz xlehtriltol. 



VflKaL JDXMN3.STXX 



37 




PIT). 

VC xz 8s dxgrx' ov 8x slxve'cun ov 

scpndz*. Hens, it rxgards' 8or akut'- 

nss and gravViU. 
aJ Aat px£ in qx6 wun hsz eleoku'- 
E" cun xz gud, ordxnarxlx koirvursxz,- 

xz kold 5s mx'dxal or natural px£ 
ov Ss vas . Acoz ncots qx6 ar abuv Ss na'Svral pxS ar 
sed ts bx Jib or akvP ; S«z qx£ ar bxlco' it, Z<y v or grev^, 
Strxkt'lx spxk'xrj, 5x aplxke'cun ov hi and la ts px6 
xz wxScpt' fxlcozofxk fcpnde^cun : xt haz orx'c|xnetsd, 
not from s'ni prxn'sxplz xn 8x akut'nss and gra'vxtx 
ov scpnd, but, pro'bablx, from 8s rs'lativ pozx'cun ov 
8s no3ts xn Ss gra'fxk skeh 

In Sx sxprs'cun ov cpr Sots bi o'ral larj'gwicj, wx 
smpla' Srx sorts ov vas, — 8s na' Sural voxs, Ss fal- 
se'ta vois, and 8s qxspurxy voxs,. Aor xz a pant ov 
px6 at qx6 Ss vas, xn assnd'xrj 8s skel, xz ssd ts brel\. 
As natural vas smbre'sxz ol 8s nots bxloy 8xs pantv ; 
8s falss'tw, ol 8s ncots abuv xt v . As qxs'purxrj vas 
duz not, lik 8s natural vas, o xts pxkulxa'rxtx ts 
px£, but ts 8x ab'ssns ov qot xz cjs'nuralx undursttfd' 
bi 8s turm vaka'lxtx. 

As natural pi£ ov 8s fx'mel vas xz an ok'tev abuv 
8at ov 8s mel; vas^. As va'sxz ov baz ar ov 8s sem 
px£ az 8s feme! vas . Qsn baz ar abept' 8s ec] ov fcor- 
txn, 8or va'sxz undurgoo' a 6enc[ x ov pi(^ ; xn u'8ur 
wurdz, Sor va'sxz 6encj from 8s px6 ov 8s fx'mel vas 
ts Sat ov 8s meb vas v . 

As macjo'rxti ov 8s px'pl xn 8xs kuntrx px6 Sor 
va'sxz ts hi', not on'lx qsn 8e rxd and spxk xn publxk, 
4 



38 VfiKS\.L.DXMNS\STXX. 

but ol'so An §or kolo'kwxal xn^turkors. Wx not un- 
frx'kwentk mxt wxo" xndxvx'c]ualz hs habx'6ualx spxk 
xn 8e hi'sst kx ov 8s natural vqSv ; and wx oke'jun- 
alx mxt wx5 sum hs xvn spxk xn Ss falss x to. A hi 
pxc, xn spx£, xz unpls zant ts a kul'txvetsd xi\ ; and, 
So xt me an'sur xn Ss bxz'nss transak'cunz ov lif, xt 
xz to'talx xna'dxkwet ts 8s korskt' sxprs'cun ov ssn'- 
txmsnts ov rxspskt', vsnure'cun, dxg'nxtx, and sub 
Ixrnxtx. 




till 



XNFLLKCUNZ. 

NFLLK'CUNZ, xn Ss si'sns ovsloku'cun, 
ar ncots ov spx6, — nots 8at, xn rxgard' 
ts px£, undurgo' a kontxn'yual £enc] 
Mi) du'rxrj 8s tim ov Sar pronunsxecun. 

A not ov son. xz mentend' xn wun 
renc) ov px6 from xts komsns'msnt ts xts 
turmxne^cun ; but a not ov spx£ xz veYxd 
xn px6 du'rxrj xts proolorjge v cun. If yu prolorj' Ss 
ls-tur e xn wun renc) ov px£, 8us, 

e 

yu wxl hav an s^anrpl ov a not ov sorjv. If yu 
u'tur xt xnturo'gatxvlx, and afur'matxvlx, Sus, 

e : e. 
yu wxl hav ts vari'xtxz ov Ss not ov spxc\ : Ss vas xn 
5s xntsroge'cun ms'vxrj from a grev px6 ts wun mor 
akut x ; xn 8x afurme'cun, from akut' ts grev. 
Aor ar for dx'fursnt nots ov spx£ ; nenrlx, 

1. Ri'zxrj xnflsk'cun, (') 3. Ri'zxrj surkumffcx, («) 

2. Fo'lxrj xnflsk'cun, (>) 4. Fo>hi] sunkumflsx. ( n ) 



VQK&L JQXMNASTXX. 



39 



Mr. Stxl kolz 8e mflsk'cunz ov 5s vas ahsenta, aluif 
grev, and surkumflsx. Dr. Rue dxnomxnets 5s ri'zin. 
mflsk'eun 5s riziy konJtrxt; 5s fol'irj mflsk'cun 8s 
dcpn'iourd konJirxt; 5s sur'kumflexxz hx kolz wevz x . 

Ax sx'tsnt ov 5x in'turvalz ov 5s kon'krxts ov spx6 
Jtz venus, uivdur ve'rius surkumstansiz. A ri'zin 
mflsk'cun me bs ka'rid Ors 5s hoi kunrpus ov 5s vas x . 
But, in 5s most snurcjs'tik xntErcjgecun, 5s was ssl'« 
dum ri'zxz hi'ur San an ok v tev; 5o sum'timz it sxtsnds' 
ts a tsn&, or a twslfd . As smo'lsst kon'krxt in'tur- 
val duz not, purhaps', sksxd' a kwortur ton . 

Xn na 1 Sural u'turans 8s kon'krxt in'turvalz ov ri'zxrj 
mflsk'cunz ar gretur 5an 5or konspond'irj folirj in- 
flskvcunz. Ais me bx ilus'tretsd bi proncpn'sirj 8s 
ls'tur e, inturo'gativli and afur'mativlx, ssvural 
timz wi5 inkrx'sirj s x nurcji, me'kirj 5x in'turvalz ov 
xS suksxd'in par gre'tur San 5oz ov 8s prrsxdirj, az 
con bi Ss fo'loirj dragrarn : 



RIZXIj MD FOL'XIj XNFLfcK'GtIXZ, ©RK VE'RIUS XN'TUR- 
VALZ OV VIV. 




Ri'turz on sloku'cun hav givn nu'murus rwlz for 
8s rsgule'eun ov mflsk'cunz ; but nio^st ov 5xz rulz ar 
bs'tur kal'kuletsd ts mek bad rxdurz San gud v wunzi. 
\oz fcpnd'sd on 8s konstruk'cun ov ssivtsnsxz mit, 
ourhaps', ds krs'dit ts a mxka'nik, but 5e sur'txnli ds 
nun ts an Elakwcunist, 



40 



V fi K a L JDOiNaSTIX 



Ae rx'dur cud bar in mind Sat a fol'ir) inflek'cun 
givz mcor impor'tans ts a wurd San a rrzirj infleta- 
cun. Hens it cud ne'vur bx emplad' mxrli for Se sek 
ov varvxtx; but for em'fasxs and kedensxz. NxSur 
cud a ri'zxrj inflek'cun bx yuzd for Se sek ov mxr 
" harmani" qor a fol'in. inflek'cun wud be'tur ex- 
pres' Se mxn'irj ov Sx o^ur. 

As sens cud, in ol kcsiz, dxtur'mxn Se dxrek'cun ov 
xnflek v cunz. Hens Sx absur'dxti ov Se turrn " har- 
mdnxk xnflekxun" az emplad' bi Wo'kur and hxz 
dxsi x plz — an inflek'cun qx£, for 8e sek ov har'mcmx, 
teks a dxrek'cun kon'tran ts Sat rxkwird' bi Se sens J 
If a sen'tens iz pronqmst' sco az ts bnrj cpt Se sens in 
Se most fcar'sibl ma'nur, ol Sx mflek'cunz must ne'se- 
senli bx harmo'nxk. E'vuri modifikccun ov Se vas, 
qx6 iz not kompa'tibl wiS Se sen'txment, wx'knz Se 
fors ov Sx elcoku'cun, bi droarj of Se aten'cun ov Se 
hxr'ur from Se sens ts Se scpnd s . 



MLLQDI 




3P/LQDX iz Se 6en'c|xz ov px£ 

qx6 okur in Se sxtxz ov ncots 

ov a sen'tens, or menrbiir ov a 

y senaens. Ae sxtxz ov grafxk 

SjTnots bi qx£ Sxz Cencjxz ar 

^repnzen'ted, iz olsco kold a 



meJradi. 

Nqte'cun iz Se gra'fxk reprxzente'eun ov a me^lcodx; 
in u'Sur wurdz, Sx exprecun ov a ms'lcodx bi ntn 
ka^rakturz. 



/ 



VfiK&LJDXMN&STXX. 41 

JtNTfiNE'ctiN xz 8x akt ov sqmd'xn, Ss ncots ov a ms'- 
lcodx, x'Sur wx8 8e vas or an xn^strumsnt. 

As mE'lcodx ov spx6 xz fcpn'dsd on ssns x ; Sat ov son, 
(Js'nuralx on sqpndx. Wnrdz konten'xn o'pcozxt ssn'tx- 
msnts me bx sun. ts 8e sem or, wx8 sfskts' x'kwalx gud 
xf Se fcors and tim bx pro'purlx ve*rxd. Aus, xf 8e ts 
sonz, MarS ts Se Bivtl Fxld, and Oft xn 8e stx'lx Nit, 
bx sun. ts 8e sem or — 8s formur wxS gret fcors, and 
xn kwxk tim ; 8s la'tur wxS dxmx'nxct fcors, and xn 
slco tim — 8or wxl bx az mu6 dx'fursns ov sxprE'cun 
bxtwxn' 8sm az 8or xz bxtwxn' 8at ov cjcx and so>rco. 
But spx6 xz not sco ako^mcodetxrj : hxr E'vurx scn'tEns 
must not con'lx hav xts aprco'prxet ton, but 8e tun 
must bx pro'purlx px^U. 

Ae mE'lcodx ov son. xz gra'cJiretEd on a skel hsz dx- 
grxz' ar az ds'fxnxt az 8coz ov 8s skel ov Gundur. But 
8e mE'lcodx ov spxc xz not formd wx8 sue maSxma'tx- 
kal Eg-aktnss — xt haz nco skel ov dxtunnxnet dxgrxzs. 
Hsns xt xz dx'fxkult ts rsprxzsnf xt grafxkalx — ts 
gxv ts x6 ncot 

" A Ico'kal habxte'cun and a nem v ." 

For prak'txkal pur'pusxz, xt xz not Essn'cal ts prx- 
zsnt' e'vurx sx'labl xn spxc" un'dur xts pro'pur gra'fxk 
ncot, az xz dun xn sorj^: xt xz con'lx nE'SESsrx ts gxv a 
ncote'cun ov 8s rs'latxv px6 ov 8x emfa'txk sxjablz. 
For, xf 8e rs'latxv pxc ov 8e hs'vx or Emfa'txk sx'lablz 
and 8or xnflsk'cunz ar gxvn, Se lit, or un'Emfatxk 
sx'lablz, wxl na'6uralx tek 8or pro'pur dxgrxz' ov eIx- 
vevcun. 

Ae sxtxz ov ncots bi qx6 Ss rs'latxv px£ and xnflsk' 
cunz ov 8x smfa txk sx'lablz ar rsprxzsri'tsd, xz dx- 
4* 



42 



VT.K&L JDXMN&8TXX. 



nomxneted an envfasxs me'lodx. Ax em'fasxs me'lcodxz 
me bx rxtn on for horxzon'tal, pa'ralel linz^ Axz linz 
ar kold Se staf ov spx6\ xn kontradxstxrjk'cun ts Se 
staf ov mu'zxk, qxc konsxsts' ov fiv horxzon'tal, pa'ra- 
lel linz, and Sx xnturmx'dxet spe^siz. 



St<yf ov 
Spxc. 



EG&MTL OV LM'F&SXS M£/LfiDX. 

'4i — * 



Pxc-Not Lin. 



tcpr cia glad' te rxbl. 



In Sxs wurk (az xn Sx o'Qur'z Lloku'cun, Fone'txk 
Rxdur, and Fonevtxk Magazxn) Sx em'fasxs me'lcodxz 
ar reprxzen'ted bi gra'fxk xnflek'cunz, plest at dx'ferent 
dxgrxz' ov elxve cim, Sus x : 

"Yx ar Se ftxrjz Sat tcpr — Sat cin\ — hsz smil meks 
glad' — hsz frqm xz te v rxbl." 

In rxd'xrj and spxk'xrj, Sor xz wan not Sat prxdorax- 
nets ; and, xn korekt' rxd'xrj and spxk'xrj, Se px6 ov 
Sxs not xz ol'wez xn akordans wxS Se semtxment. 
Axs prxdo'mxnant, lxd'xrj, or piS'-ncJt ov spx6, xz rxtn 
on Se se'kund lin ov Se staf, kcpnt'xrj from bxta. Ts 
ren'dur Se px£'-lin konspx'kuus, xt xz med he'vxur 
San Sx u'Sur linz ov Se staf. Qen wun rxdz oltco- 
ge'Sur xn Se px6-ncot, Se rxd'xrj xz mono v tonus ; qen 
Se vqs xz pro'purlx verxd xn px£, xt oke'junalx ri'zxz 
a dxgrx', or ts dxgrxz' abnv, or dxsendz' a dxgrx' bxlo 
xt, az reprxzent'ed bi Se staf. 

In rxd'xr) emfasxz me'lodxz, bxgx'nurz ar apt ts mek 
Sx xn'turvalz ts gret. Kor cud bx tekn ts avcid^ Sxs 
folt, or Se me kodx wxl bx kaTxkaturd. A lxtl prak- 



V12KALJ0XMNASTXX. 43 

Us un'dur a gud tx£ur wxl sne'bl olmost' S'nx wun, 
hs xz not xnssn sxbl ts 8s 6en'cjxz ov px£, ts obzurv 8s 
pro'pur xn'turvalz wxS to'Iurabl a^kurasx. And az 
Sxz ms'Iodxz ar fcpnd'sd xn Ss ne'6ur ov Se sub'cjskt, 
Sqz hs hav a test for sloku'cun wxl sksrs'lx rxkwir a 
trfarr, for Se wxl rxd Ssm, az xt wsr, bi xntuxvcun. 

As rx'dur must not konklud' 8at 8s ms'lodx ov spx£ 
xz konfind' ts for dxgrxz' ov px£, hsz xn'turvalz ar az 
dxturmxnet az 8oz ov 8x diaton'xk skel v . Ax xn'tur- 
valz bxtwxir 8s ss'vural nots ov an sm'fasxs ms'lodx 
ve'rx akord'xrj ts surkumstansxz. In snurcjs'txk ds- 
klame'cun, and xn xnturo'gatxv and sxkla'maturx ssn'- 
tsnsxz, 8e me bx ssd ts bx at Sor maximum; xn so'lsm, 
and xn plen'txv dxskcors', at 8or mrnxmum. Nx'8ui 
must 8s rx'dur konklud' Sat 8s ms'lcodx ov spx6 kon- 
sxsts' sol'x ov envfsisjs melodxz, Axz form, az xt wsr, 
Ss grand cpt'linz ov 8s pxk'6ur, and 8s nots ov 8s sx'- 
lablz not. xnklu'dsd xn 8x sm'fasxs ms'lodxz kon'stxtut 
8s fxl'xn. up and ce dxrj ov xU 

As gra'fxk ncots ov sorj rsprxzsnt' ob'scjlnt, az wsl az 
re'latxv px£ . But az 8s gra'fxk nots ov an sm'fasxs 
ms'lodx ov spx£ dxncof re'l&txv px6 o^n'lx, ts sm'fasxs 
ms'lcodxz sx'mxlarlx konstruk'tsd, So dx'fursnt xn 8or 
rs latxv xn'turvalz, me bx rsprxzsn'tsd bi 8s sem sx'rxz 
ov gra'fxk ncots v . 



44 



VRKftL DKMNaSTKX, 



MODULECUN. 




pODIJLE'CUN xz a dentil] ov 



Se pjS'-nat ts a hi'ur or lco'ur 
dxgrx' ov elxvecun — xn u'Sur 
wurdz, it iz 8e pro'sss ov 
6encJ'irj Ss kx\ or ov pas'irj 
from wun kx ts anu N 8ur. Axs 
cencj iz sum'timz mod ts a 
proximet kxs ; at u'Sur timz, a bold and abrupt' 
transi'jun ts a rxmcot' kx iz ns'SEsen ts prcodus' §8 
dxzird' sfgktv. Mocjule'cun iz cjs'nuralx atEn'dsd wxS 
a £enc] ov fcors, or tinr, and not unfrx'kwentlx wi8 a 
6encj ov bco£h. 

Aor iz not a mcor impor'tant rsk'wizxt in Llcoku 1 - 
cun, — nu'dxrj qx6 kontri'buts mcor ts 8s pk'jur ov an 
Q^diEiis, — nu'dirj qx6 gxvz strorj'gur prsf Sat an ori- 
tur iz mas'tur ov hxz arts 8an a wel-rs'giileted and 
Exprs'Siv mocjule^cun. Mocjule'cun, hcpE'vur, cud ns'vur 
bx rxzor'ted ts for 8e sek ov mxr varvxtx, — it cud 
ol'wez bx subsur'vxsnt ts 8e ssns^-; for it iz 8c pro'- 
vins ov module'cun ts mark £encj'xz ov scn'txmsnt, 
cencj'iz in Se tren ov dot, and parenSs'txkal klo^zxz. 

Un'dur or'dxnan sur kumstansxz, 8s ve'rius itiocjlt- 
lccunz ov 8e vas in rxd'irj and spxk'irj me bx rgpri- 
zsn'tsd bi a staf ov for linzv. Aat 8xs staf me not bx 
konfc[nd'£d wiS 8s staf ov me'lodx, it iz med ov linz 
kompcozd' ov dots*, and kold 8s staf ov mocjjcle.cun. 
Ae linz ov 8is staf, lik 8coz ov 8e staf ov mclcodi, ar 
kcpntxd from bxlco' upavurd. As se'kund lin iz kold 
8e pxS'-not lin ov Se staf ev mocjidexun. 



VfiK&L DHIN^STIX 



in 



A sxtxz ov mocjule'cunz, az rsprxzsn'tsd bi 8s fo'lco- 
xi] di'agram, mit vsrx aprorprxetlx bx turmd a me'ladx 
ov me-lcjdxz. 



3. SXIiXZ OV MOJDULECUNZ. 





1 






jf 




















e 






— _ j 

7i 


c? 
















d 







































| 













Axs di'agram ccoz 8s moejule'cunz ov Ss vas xn Ss 
korskt' rxd'xrj ov Ss fo'lcoxrj Ex'trakt from O'can'z 
£Ldres' ts Se Sun r 

(a) 2 As msn hurself xz lost xn hs^n ; | (b) 3 but Sep 
art fors'vur §8 seur, | (c) 4 rxcjas'xn xn 5s brit'nss ov Si 
krarsi. | (d) 1 Qsn 8s wurld xz dark wx8 tsm'pssts, | 
(e) 2 qsn Sun'dur rolz and lit'nxrj fliz, | (f) 3 Sep luk'sst 
xn 8i bu'tx from 8s klcpdz, | (g) 4 and laTsst at 8s 
storms | (h) 2 But ts O'can, Sep luk'sst xn venv. 

Staf a, xn 8x prxsxd'xrj di'agram, xz dxzind' for 8s 
furst ssk'cun xn 8x abuv ex'trakt ; staf b for 8e 
se'kund ssk'cun, and sod n on*. As transxjun from c ts 
d xz abrupt' ; ol'so 8at from g ts h. As px6'-ncot ov 
staf a xz idsn'txkal wx8 8at ov staf e v , and Sat ov staf 
Iv, and korsspondz' ts Se px6'-not ov mocjutacun. 

Sum pub'lxk spxk'urz hs ar xg'ncorant ov 8s prxn'sx- 
plz ov Llcoku'eun, but hs, nsvurSslss', ar konsx'durd bi 
8s vul'gur az gret oraturz, mo'cjulet Sor vcis'xz xn 8s 
most sra'txk and hipurbodxkal ma v nur. Aor ar u'8ur 
pub'lxk spxk'urz hs ns'vur mo'cjulet Sor vas'xz, heps'vur 



40 



VfiKAL DXMNASTXX. 



ns'SEserx it me bx ts gxv pro'pur exprs'cun ts Sor sen*- 
txments. And, qot xz wurs, Se cje'nuralx px£ Sor 
vqs'xz a Surd, a fxfi), or an ok'tev ts hi,. Ax o'Sur 
wuns lx'snd ts an Ek'sslsnt dxskors' from a vs'rx 
lurn'sd man, qxc, hcps'vur, woz nxr'lx lost upon' 8x 
o'dxsns from 8s dxsgust'xrj ma'nur xn qx6 xt woz dxlx N - 
vurd. Ae lek'^urur px£t hxz vas an ok'tev ts hi, and 
spcok for an cpr and a haf, wx8cpt' e'nx verxe'cun xn 
px6', fears', or tim N ; and, qot ren'durd hxz dxlx'vurx stxl 
mcor ofen'sxv, cvurx sx'labl woz mard wxS an xnto'lu- 
rabl drokxrj. Su6 dcoku'cun xz dxskre'dxtabl ts s'nx 
man hs spxks xn pub'lxk, and ot not ts bx to'lureted bi 
an ccjuketsd komLJ*nxtx. 




FQRS. 

ORS xz 8s dxgrx' ov Ss lepdnss 
ov scpndz,. Xt xz ol'sco §8 dxgrx' 
ov sg-ur'cun wx8 qx6 scpndz ar 
med*. 

A lax dxvxjun ov fors xz xn'ts 
lepd and soft : Soz scpndz ar kold 
lepd qx6 ar med wx8 gre'tur s'fcort 
San Sx or'dxnarx tconz ov konvurse N cun ; and Scoz ar 
kold soft qx£ ar med wxS lss N s\fcort. 

Sum yuz 8s turmz hi and la az sxno'nxmus wxS 
lepd and sofL. But Sxs xz an xmpro'pur aplxke^cun 
ov Sxz wurdzw Hi and lo rxgard' Sx akut'nss and 
gra vxtx ov scpndz condx, and not Sor fors* : a scpnd me 
bx hi and soft, az wsl az hi and lcpd v — a scpnd me 
oI'sq bx lco and lepd, az wsl az Igd and soft v . 



VQKftL JDXMNSVSTXX 



47 



For konvxn'ysns, fcors xz dxvi'dsd xn'ts nin dxgrxz v , 
Axz dxgrxz' ar expresf bi 8e fo'lcoxrj abrxvxe^cunz : 

PPP {pianissimo), . . . az soft az po x sxbl. 
pp (piti pia v no), . . . mcor soft, veti soft. 

p (piano), softw 

mx x dlxrj soft, ra v Sur softx. 



mp (mez'zo piavno), . 

m (mez'zo), 

mf (mez'zo forte), . . 

/ (forte), 

ff (pih forte), . . . 

fff (fortissimo),. . . 



haf, mx x dl, rnxn*. 

mx^dlxrj lcpdv, ra 8ur lq)dx. 

lcpd, 

mcor lepdv, V8TX lcpdv. 

az lcpd az po^sxbl. 



Ae nin dxgrxz' ov fcors ar oI'sgd Exprsst' bi §8 fo'lcoxrj 
dragram. Ax u'pur lin ov be di'agram kontenz' ncots 
ov son 1 ; 8e lco'ur wun, ncots ov spxc\. 

FQRS XLUSTRETED. 



1 
PPP 

■4- 



2 

PP 



4 
mp 



6 
mf 



^^^-mj^-^-d-^S-- 



ff 



9 

/// 



e e \ e e \ e e 



e e 



e e \ e e 



e e 



e e 



Spx£, ts bx natural, rxkwirz' x6 sx'labl ts bx ufurd 
wxS a sur'txn dxgrx' ov fcorsx. A si'labl xz drolaV qsn 
xt xz prconcpnst' wx8 xna^dxkwet fcors*; xn uSur wurdz, 
wxS fcors les 8an Sat qx£ kon'stxtuts 8s mrnimum 
dxgrx' ov natural spxC\. 

Fcors, aplid' ts a si'labl, xz dxno'mxnetsd stres\ 

Ra'DXKa.L stres xz 8x aplxke'cun ov fcors at 8s bx- 
gxnurj ov a ncot or sxJabl. 

Mxdx^lN stres xz Sx. aplxke'cun ov fcors at Ss mx v dl 
ov a ncot or sxJabl. 



48 



V fi K a L DIMNISTKX. 



Fi'nsvl stres xz 8x aplxke'cun ov fears at 8x end ov 
a not or sxJabl. 

Axz Qrx vari'xtxz ov stres ar xlus'treted bi §e fo'lcoxn 
dragram. Ax u'pur lin ov 8e di'agram kontenz' ncots 
ov sorp; 8e lco'ur wun, ncots ov spxc\. 

STRES XLUSTRETED. 



Radxkal Stres. 



Mxdxan Stres. 



Final Stres. 



Lxplq'sxv stres xz 8x abrupt* aplxke'cun ov fors ts 
a not or sxJabl. 

Trxmxir xz x'tureted stres on a not or sxdabl, az 
reprxzen'ted bi Se fo'lcoxi] dragram. Ae ka'rakturz on 
5e furst part ov 8e di'agram ar nots ov son/ ; 8oz on 
§e se'kund,nots ov spxc\. 

TRXMUR XLHSTRETED. 




Gret aten'cun cud bx ped ts 8e sub'cjekt ov fears, 
az mu6 ov qot xz kold exprecun dxpendz' on sum 
modxfxke'cun ov 8xs a'trxbut ov 8e v«Sv. Indxd', fears 
me bx konsx'durd 8e lit and ced ov elokircun. 



VQKAL DXMNASTXX. 



49 







TIM. 



IM xz 5s ms'jur ov scpndz in rxgard' 
%kK BwK ts Sor dt)re v cun. 

f\ li IMk V 

Tim, in son and instrumental 
mu'zxk, xz dxvi'dsd xn'ts x'kwal 
ms'jirrz bi rxS'mxkal pulse^cun; in 
u'5ur wurdz, bi a pxrxo'dxkal rx- 
turn' ov sx'mxlur absents. In gra'fxk mu'zxk, 8xz 
ms'jurz ar rsn'durd konspx'kuus ts 8x i bi vurtxkal 
barz 1 , az xn 8s fb'lcoxrj lin ov poatrx : 

| " Hel ts 5s | 6xf hs xn | tri'umf ad- 1 vairsxz." | 

In spx6 Sar xz ol'sco a rxturn' ov sxm'xlur ak'ssnts ; 
but 5e ds not ol'wez okur' at rs'gular xn'turvalz ov 
tim v . 

As tim ov a not or sx'labl xz kold kwon x txti. As 
tim ov a rest xz oFso kold kwoirtxtx, bxkoz' rests, az 
wsl az nots, ar a konstx' Client ov rx\hn. Hsns, 8s 
ka'rakturz yuzd for 5x sxprs'cun ov kwon'txtx ar x'5ur 
ov sq)nd or ov siJsns. As formur ar kold nots v ; 5s 
la'tur, rests*. Axz ka'rakturz, and 5or rs'latxv lsrjSs, 
ar az fbJoz : 

Nots. Rests. 



Ss v mxbrxv 

Mxnxm 


o = 

1 

» 

• 1 — 



« 


4 

2 

I 
i 

2 

1 

4 

1 

"8 


Ss v mxbrxv rsst . . . 
Mx^nxm rsst 


•-V 


= 4 

— 9 


Knvtet ....... 

Kwe vur 


Kro*6st rsst 

Kwe x vur rsst . . . . 


• • 1 


= 1 


Ss'mxkwevur . . . 

Dsmx-ssmxkwevui 
5 


Ss^mxkwevur rsst . 
Dsmx-ssmxkwevur 


1 

rsst 3 
i 


2 

= i 
= t 



50 VfiKM JOKMNaSTIX. 

Hens, a ss'mxbrxv xz x'kwal ts 2 mrmmz : x'kwal 
ts 4 kro N 6sts : x'kwal ts 8 kwe^vurz, &c. 

A dot fo'loxn. a ncot, or a rest, xnkrx'sxz its lsr)& in 
8s re'cco ov 2 ts 3.. Aus a dot'sd ss'mxbrxv (<=>•) xz 
x'kwal ts a ss'mxbrxv and a mxmxm (^P), or ts Srx 
mrnuraz (PPP) ; a dot'sd mx'nxm (P*), ts a mx'nxm 
and a kro N 6st (Pi 6 ), or ts Orx kro^sts ( ff); and sod on^. 

Aor ar ts cjsmural mcodz' ov tinr — ko'mun and 
trrpl. In ko'mun tim xt ms'jur xz dxvx'zxbl bi 2 V ; xn 
trx'pl tim xt ms'jur xz dxvx'zxbl bi 3v. 

Aor ar ss'vural vari xtxz ov xt ov 8xz modz ov tim x . 
Qsn a pxs xz xn ko'mun tim, and xt ms'jur kontens' ts 
kwe'vurz, or Sor xkwx'valsnt, 8s fx'gurz § ar prxfxxt' 
ts 5s wurdz, or 8s mu v zxk ; qsn xt ms'jur kontenz' ts 
kro'6sts, 8s fx'gurz \ ar prxfxxt v ; and qsn xt ms'jur 
kontenz' for kro'6sts, C, or 8s fx'gurz \ ar prxfxxt. 
Qsn a pxs xz xn trx'pl tim, and xt ms'jur kontenz' $rx 
kwe'vurz, 8s fx'gurs \ ar prxfxxt' ts Ss wurdz or 
rmrzxk; qsn xt ms'jur kontenz' drx kro'6sts, 8s fx'gurz \ 
ar prxfxxt ; and qsn xt ms'jur kontenz' sxx kwe'vurz, 
8s fx'gurz g ar prxfxxt' ts 8s wurdz, or 8s muvzxk. Ax 
u'pur fx'gur, xn xt ov 8xz ke'sxz, cqz hep ms'nx nots ov 
a sur'txn dxskrxp'cun 8or ar xn xt msjur; and 8s 
lco'ur fx'gur, hep ms'nx ov Sxz nots ar x'kwal xn val'yu 
ts a ssvmxbrxv. 

EgaiPLZ. 



Komun Tim; 


ts Kwevurz in a Mejvr. 


9 


ft 




& 1 


& 


1 f*i 

i 9 "1 


.* 


1 f - 

1 9 -I 


Oft 


haz 


xt 


bxn mi 


lot 


ts 


mark 


*\ 


1*- 


J* 


1 ft r- 

1 9 & 


*1 1 9 


T 


i & 


A 


prepd, 


kon 


- sx-tsd, 


tok'. 


in 


spark*. 



VQK&LJDXMNASTXX. 51 

Komun Tim ; ts KroSets in a, Mejvr. 

f N i iriLi^N i n i ji J 

4 9 | Clol I | \ 9 \ » 9 \ 9 9 I 9 • 

As kurfu tcolz^ — ■ 8s nsl ov part'xn, de\. 

Tripl Tim ; -Brx Kwevurz in a Mejjur. 

% i* I r £ n h m p I i* *, k fc I j 

As rcoz had bin woct x , (just woct in a ccpi\. 



MHVMENT. 

M^vment xz 8s vxlo'sxtx wx8 qx£ a ssn'tsns iz red 
or sun/, or a stren ov xnstrLrmsn'tal mu'zxk xz pled*. 

As ret ov msvmsnt cud bx su£ az 8s ssn'txmsnt dx- 
mandzv. So'lsm dxskcors' rxkwirz' a slco' msv v msnt; 
sxm'pl na'ratxv, a mxdxum ret ov uturans ; a'nxmetsd 
dxskrxp'cun, az wsl az ol lar/gwxcj sxprs'sxv ov s'nx 
su'dxn pa'cun, az cJq, aiygur, &c, a msvmsnt rncor or 
lss ra'pxd, akordxrj ts Sx xntsn'sxtx ov xmoD^cun. In 
8s si'sns ov mu'zxk, ve'rxus turmz hav bxn smplad' ts 
dxncot' Ss ret x ov msvansnt, 8s prxn'sxpal o\ qx6 ar 8s 
fo N loxrj : 

Adagio . . vstx sloo^; 8s slc^sst tirn. 

Largo . . . slco x tim v . 

Larghefrto . slo, bat not so slco az largo. 

Andan te . mxdxum tim v . 

Andantvno a Ix'tl kwxk'ur 8an andan'te. 

Allegretto, ra'8ur kwxk N , but not sco kwxk az allegro, 

Allegro, kwxk x tirn . 
Pres'to . . . vstx kwxk . 
Prestissimo, az kwxk az po^sxbl. 

Ada'gio, andan'te, and allegro, ar 8s Orx £xf d.ivA' 



52 



VfiK&L JDXMN&STXX 



junz ov tim v ; Sx u'Sur turmz mark 8x inturmx'diet 
dxgrxz. 

In adi'cun ts 8s fcorgo'irj turmz, qi£ mark 8s msv- 
msnt, Sor ar u'8urz qi£ in'diket 8s stil ov purfbrnr- 
ans. Sum ov 8xz ar az fo^lcoz : 

Affetud'so . . . afsbcunet — a soft and ds'likat stih 
Brilldn'te . . . cirrxrj, sparHirj — a ge, cco*x stiL 
Furio'so .... fxrs v , mad K — a vxhx^msnt stil-. 
Spirito'so . . . sprrxtsd — a sprntsd stiL 

Sum'timz 8xz turmz ar yuzd xn konsk'cun wxS Scoz 
qic sxprss 7 8s ret ov msv^msnt, 8us* : 

AllOgro con spvrito, kwxk wx8 spirit — in a kwxk 
and sprntsd ma^nur. 

As ret ov msvmsnt xz not defmitli markt bi 8s 
turmz Adagio, Largo, Larghet'to, &c. ; xt me, hep- 
s' vur, bx ds'zignetsd wx8 prxsxjun bi mxnz ov 8x 

METKQNQM OV MLLZEL. 

Axs xn'strumsnt haz a gra'cjuetsd psn'cjulum, ts qi£ 
xz ata£t' a slid'xi] wet\. As hi'ur Sis wet xz msvd 
upon' 8s psn'cJjGjJum, 8s slorur ar 
its vibre^cunz ; and 8s komtran. 
Qsn 8s wet konspondz' ts 8s 
num'bur 50, 8s vibre'eunz ov 8s 
psn'cjulum ar 8s slorsst ; qsn it 
konspondz' ts 160, 8e ar Ss 
kwilrsst. 01 Ss num'burz in Sx 
m'strumsnt hav rs'fursns ts a 
mx'nxt ov tim K . A us, qsn Ss wet 
iz plest at 50, fxf'ti bxts, or tiks, 
okur' in a mi nit ; qsn at 60, 
sxxtx bxts xn a mrnit ; qsn at 100, wun hun drsd 




bxts in a mxnxt, &c. Ax Engreviq on Ss prxsxd'xij 
pec] rsprxzsnts' Sx xn'stri:msnt xn ak v cun. 

In rxd'irj, az a cjs'nural rul, 5s tim cud bx markt 
on 8s ms'trconcom bi hc3l msjurz — xn u Sur wurdz, 
x6 msjur cud korxspond' ts wun txk ov 8x iirstrw- 
msnt. 

In mvzxlc xt xz most konvxn'ysnt ts mark 8s tim 
on 5s ms'tronom xn adagios, bi kwe'vurz; xn an- 
dawtes, bi kro^csts ; xn allegros, bi mx nxmz ; and xn 
pres'tos, bi hob msjurz. 

ECJAMPLZ OV AE SEVUIi&L M^VMENTS. 

In 8s foloxrj Es-am'plz, 8s wurdz qx£ xn'dxket 8s 
msvmsnt and 8s korxspond'xrj num'burz on 8s ms'tro- 
ncom, ar bco& v smplorcL 

Adagio. Metronom 60 — ts bxts xn a mejvr. 

Q qsn cal de don on 8s nit ov 8s grev ! 
Largo. Metronom 56 — wun bxt xn a mejvr. 

I \\ [* n I n j* ft r >i I r- 

1 I O \ & > \ 3 • I 9 | 

Q I hav past a mx'-zur-a - bl nit. 



Larghetto. Metronom 66 — wun bxt in a mejvr 

I 'I ft 15 
rcpnd az 8s 



8 e 


1 IN 

& 1 


1* f* ' fcl 1 

S 9 . \ C 


Q 


Sep Sat 


rco'lsst a - buv 






10 I 9 

cxld ov mi fa^Surz ! 

5* 



54 VQKaL jooiNasTux. 

Andante. Metronom 76 — wun bxt in a mejvr. 
SJ*JSft|J*-NJ I I I * ft I- I 

* e old i o I \ . ^ \ 
I had a drxm qx£ woz not ol a drxm. 

Andantino. Metronom 100 — wun bxt xn a mejvr. 

§ft|rft|rNr-.ftir* - 

=» I • I I *1 I . <-l 

As trx ov dxp'sst rst xz fqnd 

«-i e> . I I • T I m • « I -■» 

Lxst wxl'xrj stxl ts kwxt 8s grcpncL 
Allegretto. Metronom 112 — zozm for£ >r?z <s mejvr. 

s I © ©I* I | • **l 

Cxv'rxi] xn 5i ple'ful spre. 



Allegro con spirito. Metronom 04 — zf^n Jjrf >tti 
a mejvr . 

I kr ^ j* m > r» m > > p*f f i 

® I ©I® 1,0 I • *1 

And dark'nss and dcpt ar ncp fli'xr) a - we*. 
Animato. Metronom 100 — kjk71 5x£ jrw « mejvr 

■III ft ft I I r* I r* r I j * 

& I O I I • • I "1 

Sxlf ov Ss blu and bx'mxr) r ! 

fti r* m .r* -M.,-i n n 

0.0. I • 0.|0 I I 

As mxJZ , xz , fond'sst rxOs ar 6in. 



A SISTEM 



ov 



RITORIKAL JDLST]L T R. 



ES"CIJR xz 8s ve'rxus pos'6urz 
and mco'cunz smplad' xn vco'kal 
dxlx^vurx : az 5s pos'6urz and 
mco'cunz ov 8s hsd, fes, ccol'durz, 

COjflm^Ji J J trunk, armz, handz, fxrj gurz, leo'ur 

MdM^^CiAimz, and fxt v . 

Gres'ful and apreo'prxet cjss'cjlt rsn'durz vco'kal 

dxlx'vurx far incor plx'zxrj and sfsk'tiv. Hens xts kul- 

txve'cun xz ov pri'marx xmportans ts Scoz hs ar am- 

bx'cus ov akouvplxcmsnt xn slcokLrcun. 




POSCHRZ OV AE BODX. 

As posCurz ov 8s bo'dx, wxS rxspskt' ts vco'kal dxlx- 
vurx, me bx dxvi'dsd xn'ts fe'vurabl and unTevurabl ; 
and, 8s bs'tur ts sut mi pur'pus xn gxvxrj Sor xlustre'- 
cun, I cal furst trxt ov 8x un^fevurabl. 

As most unfe'vurabl poseur xz 8s horizontal. If a 
rxd'ur or a spxk'ur cud li prcon, or supin', hx wud not 
bx lik'lx ts dxlx'vur a dxskcors' wx5 s'nurcjx and sfskU 
I hav ns'vur neon an o'ratur ts dxlx'vur a dxskcors' xn 
8s horxzon'tal poseur ; but I hav neon xndxvx'cjualz ts 
spxk xn pub'lxk xn posCurz olmcosf az xnaprco v prxet. 

Az xmprs'cunz komu'nxketsd &rs 8s mx'dxum ov Sx i 
ar 8s mcost last'xrj, ts sx'rxz ov fx'gurz ar hxr xntrco- 

55 



56 



JO E S V I J R . 



dust', §8 fbrmur ov q*6 ar mvfevurabl, and 5s la'tur 
feVurabl, ts vco'kal dxkvvun. 



FOSTJIJRZ UJiFEVUEiBL TK VfiK&L DXL1VURX. 




D E S V II R . 57 

POS13IJRZ FEVUR&BL TK VQKAL DXLXVURX. 






10 11 12 

DXMONSTRETXlj ON AE BLSVK-BfiRD. 





Absurd' az ar 5x unfevurabi pos'6urz on 5e prxsxd'- 
' r J P e( 3> I nav nG3n rx'durz ts adopt not con'lx ol 5xz, 
but u'5i;rz X'kwalx xnaprwprxet and ridrkulus. Axs 
xz ts mu6 be kes, partx'kularlx xn se'mxnarxz for yuq 



58 Jo h s v ii r . 

cjsmtlmsn, in a nunvbur ov qi£ At haz foln ts mi lot 
ts giv mstruk'cun in Eloku cun. 

As hu'man mind iz so kon'stitutsd, Sat, in its scju- 
kccun, or'dur bxkumz' olmosf indispsmsabl. Hens, 
s'm Sirj Sat inturupts' mxQo'dikal mstruk'cun, iz a 
sxtius ob'stakl ts Ss gro& ov imtslskt. Nor iz or'dur 
mor ns'ssssri San pursivxr sns ; kon'sxkwsntli ol pos'- 
£urz ov Ss bo'di qi£ ar kal'kuletsd for rxpoz' cud bx 
a\od sd bi Ss stu'dsnt in slokucun. And az gres and 
dxg'niti ar ov pri'man impor'tans in vo'kal dxli'vurx, 
ol pos'cjurz qi6 ar inkonsist'snt wiS Sxz a'tributs cud 
bx avod^sd. 

Ax xreld' poseur ov Ss bo'di iz Ss bsst for vco'kal 
dxlrvun ; Ss trunk and hmz cuS bx brest in prcopor- 
cun ts Ss dxgrx' ov s'nurc]i rxkwird' bi Ss ssn'timsnts 
ts bx dxlrvurd. As rit fut cud bx from ts ts for imciz 
in advans' ov Ss left 1 , and Ss toz turnd a li'tl cpt- 
wurSz ; mxn'qil Ss bo'di cud bx priivsipali sustend' bi 
Ss Isft fut,. 

As nsxt bsst iz Sx xrekV sxVxi] poseur, in qi£ Ss 
col'durz ds not rsst agsnsf Ss bak ov Ss sxt\ and tn 
qi6 Ss bo'di iz rxtend' in its pro'pur po3zi'cun bi 
mus'kular alocun. (Sx ornamsn'tal ls N tur, pecj 9.) 

As nsxt bsst iz Sx xrskt' sit'irj poseur in qi6 Se 
col'durz rsst agsnst' Ss bak ov Ss sxt. 

Axz ar Sx on'li pos'£urz qi£ cud bx asumd' in vo'kal 
dxlrvun. 

B$, iND MS.NUR OV H 1 1 L D I IJ AE BUK. 

Ax introdukturi, az wsl az Ss rxtinrj bcp, cud bx 
med bi a slit and gresful inklinccun ov Ss bo'di, wiS 
Sx iz, and not Ss krcpn ov Ss hsd, dirsk'tsd ts Sx 



jd r s n u r . 59 

crdxsns ; msnqil' 8s hxl ov 8x advanst' fut cud bx brot 
xn kon'takt wx8 8s xn'sid ov 8s hxl ov 8s suport^xrj 
firt. (Sx vxnyst', pecj 3.) 

As buk cud bx hsld xn 8s lsft hand, from sxx ts et 
xn'cxz from 8s bo'dx, and az hi az 8s sen'tur ov 8s 
brsst\ so az ts brxrj Ss fes nxrlx purpsndx x kular. It 
cud not, hqjs'vur, bx hsld sco hi az ts prxvsnf 8x 
o'dxsns from havxrj a vu ov 8s rx'dur'z mcpS v , az 8or 
hxr'xrj wud 8or'bi bx mcor sr Iss obstrulctsd. As fxrj'- 
gurz ov 6s rit hand me tek hold ov 8s marcjxn ov 8s 
buk lit lx (sx fx'gur 10, and 12, and ornamsn'tal ls'tur, 
pec] 16), sco az ts bx rs'dx ts turn co'vur 8s lxvz, az 
oke'jun me rxkwin ; or Se me bx plest upon'.Ss pecj, 
dust bxlco' 8s lin 8s rxd'ur xz prconcpns'xrj, ts ed hxm xn 
kxparj hxz ples v ; or, partx'kularlx xf 8s rxd'ur xz prco- 
ncpns'xrj an corx'cjxnal kompcozx'cun, 8s rit hand me bx 
smplad' ts xlus'tret and snfcors' 8s ssn'txmsnts bi 
aprco'prxet rjsstxkule^cun. (Sx fxg. 11.) 

Ax iz cud oke'junalx bx dxrskt'sd from 8s wurdz ov 
8s dxskcors' ts 8s o^dxsns. (Sx fxg. 11.) 

Xn dxmon'stretxrj on 8x blak'-bcord, 8s fes, and not 
8s bak, cud bx turnd ts 8x ordxsns. (Sx hfr. 13 and 14.) 

NfiTECTIN OV JOLSCIJR. 

As wont ov a larj'gwxc] for sxprss'xrj 8s dx'fursnt 
modxfxke'cunz ov cjss'cur \vx8 brsvxtx and purspxku'- 
xtx, xz 8s prxn'sxpl koz ov 8s cjs'nural nsglskt' wxS qx6 
8s kultxvccun ov Sxs art haz hx'8urts bxn trxtsd. For 
8xs dxsxdure'tum, 8s wurld xz xndst'sd ts 8s Rsv. Gxl'- 
burt Qs'txn, ov Luirdun. Xn 1806, Mr. Qs'txn pub'- 
Ixct a kwor'tco vol'yum ; and from Sat wurk I hav 



60 JO E s c U R . 

tekn Se sxs'tem ov ncotecun ov qx£ Se folcoxrj xz & 
specimen: 

Qen 5e rit arm xz e'lxveted bak'wurdz, and 8s left 
extend'ed forwurdz, xn a horxzon'tal dxrek'cun, hx 
kolz Se for'mur e'livetcd bahwurdz, and ncots xt ebs ; 
and Se poseur ov Se la'tur, horizontal forwurdz y 
and ncots xt hf^ Ncp Sx abrxvxe'cunz e& and hf ar 
plest co'vur e'nx wurd qx6 rxkwirz' Sxz pos'djurz ov ox 
armz x , Sus* : 

eb hf 

"Dxhco'va'z arm 
Sna6t from Se wevz, and brxrjz ts mx mi sun. ! " 

For an xlustre'cun ov Sxz cfes'^urz, Se rx'dur xz 
rxfurd' ts Sx ornamen'tal le'tur on pec] 55\. 

Ax corx'cjxnal idx'a ov Sxs sxs'tem ov ncote'cun, sez 
Mr. Os'txn, woz sugcjes'ted bi Se le'bur ov tx6'xrj dekla- 
me'cun xn Se yxi'jual ma^nur. Durxrj Sxs le'bur, qx6 
for me'nx yxrz kon'stxtuted a part ov hxz du'tx xn hxz 
gra'mur-sksl, Sx o'Sur havxrj ofn fqmd Sat hx forgot', 
on a fo'loxrj de, hxz con mod ov xnstrukt'xrj on a for'- 
mur, wxct ts bx e'bl ts xnvent' sum purmanent marks, 
xn or'dur ts estab'lxc mcor yunxformxtx xn hxz xn- 
struk'cunz, for Sx xz bco& ov hxmself and ov hxz 
pu s pxlz. Ts lxv Se pirpxl ts £sz for hxmself wud but 
dxstrakt^ hxm, and, xnsted' ov gxvxrj hxm frx'dum and 
gres, wud dxpriv hxm ov bco£h. On hxz komens'ment 
az a pub'lxk spxk'ur (qx£ ka'not bx ts ur'lx), xt xz ne'- 
seserx ts tx6 hxm e'vurx^xrj-., and ts re'gulet, bi rulz, 
e'vurx posxbl sur'kumstans xn hxz dxlxwurx; hxz ar- 
txkiile'cun, ak'sent, em'fasxs, po^zxz, &Cx., and alorj 
wxS ol, hxz cjes^ur. Aftur sufx'cent xnstruk'cun and 



JD E S C U R . 61 

prak'txs, hx wxl rs'gulet hxz con ma'nur, akord'xrj ts 
5s sugcjss'£unz ov hxz con cjucjjnsnt. 

Amuiy Ss hi'ur ob'cjskts ov Sxs sxs'tsm ov ncotccun, 
me bx rsknd xts yju'sxz az a rs'kord, qsns 8s hxstorx- 
kal pen'tur me dxriv 8s metx'rxalz ov trwi), and qsns 
8x or'atur and Sx slcoku'cunxst me not con'lx obten' 8x 
xnstruk'cunz ov 8s gret msn hs hav prxsxdsd 8sm xn 
8s sem karxr, but bi qx6 ol'sco 8e me sxkur, unol'tura- 
blx, Ssr con xmprsvmsnts for 8x advans'msnt ov 8or 
art, and for 8s bs'nxfxt ov postsTxtx. 

PfiZICUN OV AE FXT aND LQHR LXMZ. 

As parts ov 8s hu'man fx'gur qx£ ar brot xn'ts 
ak'cun, xn (jss'cirr, ka'not, xn truS, bx konsx'durd 
ss^paret ; for s'vurx musl, co'vur qx6 msn kan sx'ursiz 
vo'Iuntarx ak'cun, kontrx'buts xn sum ms'jur ts 8s 
purfsk'cun ov cjss^ur. For konvxn'ysns, hcps'vur, wx 
me xnu'muret and klas 8s most dxstxrj'gwxct parts ov 
8s bo'dx, qx£ sfskt' 8s prxn'sxpal cjss v 6urz. Axz ar — 

i. Ae HeDv. J 5. Ae H&ivdz &nd FxjfGtiRz. 

2. Ae CfiLj3iiRZ. 6. Ae Lcj'ur Lxmz &nd Nxz\. 

3. Ae Truijk,. 7. Ae Fxi\. 

4. Ax ArmZv. J 

I cal bxgxn', az xt wsr, wx8 8s fcpnde'cun ov 8s 
bxld'xq, and cal furst konsx'dur 8s pcozx'cunz and 
mco'cunz ov 8s fxt and lco'ur lxmzv ; sxns wxScpf 8s 
stabx'lxtx and xz ov Sxz, nx'8ur gres nor dxg/nxtx kan 
konsxst' xn 8s stand'xrj fvgur. 

As gres'fulnss ov mco'cun xn 8s hu'nmn form kon- 
sxsts' xn 8s fasx'lxtx and sxku'rxtx wx8 qx£ xt xz sx^x- 
kutsd. And 8s gres ov s'nx pos'6urz (sksspt' su6 az 
6 



62 



JDtSCUR 



ar ma'nifsstli dxsind' for rxpoz ; ) konsxsts' in 8x ape 1 
rent fasi'liti wi5 qx6 Se kan bx vend. Hens, in 8a 
stand'irj frgur, 8s poseur iz gres'ful qsn 5s wet ov 
Se bo'di xz prxn'sipalx suporfsd bi wun fut, qxlst 8x 
u'Sur xz so plest az ts bx rs'dx ts rxlxv it promt'li, 
and, ape'rsntli, wiScft' escort. 

As pozrcunz ov 8s fxt ar sxprssf bi 8s fo'loirj kutSs. 
As notecun ls'turz, qi6 in'diket 8e pazrcunz ov 8s 
fxt, cud bx ntn un'dur 8s wurdz qor 8s spxk'ur iz ts 
asunV su6 pozivcunz. 

Furst Pozicun ov 8e Rit Fvt. 

Ais pozi'cun iz sxprsst' bi fxg. 15*. Ax u'pur part 
ov 8s fi'gLir rsprxzsnts' 8x slive cun ov 8s pozrcun ; 
8s lo'ur, Ss plam. As ncote'cun ls'turz smplad' ts 
ds'zignet Sis pozrcun ar R 1*, qi6 sig'nifi right fvt, 
furst pozrcun. 

In 8is pozrcun, 8s rit fut, advanst' bxfor 8s Isft 
Srx or for m'6xz, formz wiS it 
an arj'gl ov abcpt' 75 dxgrxz v , az 
me bx sxn in 8s plan*. As linz qx£ 
form 8is arj'gl, pas'irj Srs 8s lsrj& 
ov x£ fut, mxt its vur'tsx un'dur 
8s hxl ov 8s Isft. As principal 
wet ov 8s bo'dx xz susfsnd' bi 8s 
lsft v fut*; 8s rit rssts lit'lx, but in 
its hoi IsrjS, upon' 8s flon. Ais 
fakt iz con in 8s plan bi dxp'li ced'irj 8s lsft fut v and 
lit'lx ced'irj 8s rit. 

Sehund Pozicun ov Se Rit Fvt. 

In Sis pozi'cun, fxg. 16, 8s rit. fut, slid'irj for'wurd 
a fu in'ciz, rxsxvz' 8s prxn'sxpl wet ov 8s bo di ; 8s 




JO E S V U It . 



63 



left hxl xz rezd and turnd a lxtl tco'urdz 5s rit, qil Se 
bol ov Se left gret to lit'lx tuc'xz Se 
liar, ts kxp Se bo'dx from to^turxrj. 
In Se plan, Se rit fut, bi qx6 8e wet 
ov 8e bo'dx xz prxn'sxpalx sustend', 
xz ol ced'ed, qil Sat part con'lx ov 
Se left xz ced'ed qx6 rests upon' Se 
flcoi\. Ax arj'gl formd bi linz dron 
Srs Se lend ov Se fxt, xn Sxs pcozx'- 
cun, xz abcpt' 90 dxgrxzv. Ae ncote'- 
cun le'turz ov Sxs pcozx'cun ar R 2", qx6 sxg'nxfi rit 
fvt, se'kund pazrcun, 

Xn Sxs pcozx'cun, qen Se fxt ar nxr tcoge'Sur, Sx entir' 
sco J ov 5e left fut me lit'lx tu6 Se floor ; but qen Se fxt 
ar se'pareted abcpt' Sor con lend, or mcor, Se left cud 
tu6 con/lx nxr Se gret t^ ; Se nx cud bx a lx'tl bent, 
and Se hxl turnd xn N wurd. 




Fur st Pazicun ov 8e Left Fvt 

Axs pcozxcun ov Se left fut, fxg. 17, 
xz, xn ol rxspekts', ana'lagus ts Se 
furst pcozx'cun ov Se rit. Ae left 
fut xz advanst', and Se bo'dx xz 
prxn'sxpalx supcor'ted bi Se rit. Ae 
ced'xrj ov Se plan xz sxmxlur ts Sat 
ov Se furst pcozx'cun ov Se rit, and 
for Se sem purpusxz. Ae ncote'cun 
le'turz ar Ll\ — left fvt, furst pcjzrcun 

Sehund Pcozxcun ov Se Left Fvt. 

Axs pcozx'cun ov Se left fut, fxg. 18, xz, xn ol rx- 
spekts', ana'lagus ts Se se'kund pozx'cun ov Se rit' 




64 



JO ESCIJR. 




and, in Ss fi'gur, it iz rsprizsn'tsd 
in 5e sem ma^nur, con'li rxvurst. 
As ncotecun lcturz ar L 2", — left 
fvt, se'hund pcjzrcun. 

Fi'gur 19 iz a bs'tur plan ov Se 
pcozrcunz ov Se rit fut San Sat 
ansxt' ts Sx slive v cunz. In Se furst 
pcozi'cun ov Se rit fut, Se linz f,f — 
f,f, pas'xrj Srs Se sen'tur ov Se fxt, 
mek an arj'gl ov abcpf 75 dxgrxz v ; and, xn Se SE'kund 
pcozi'cun, Se linz S, S — S, S, mek an arj'gl ov abcpf 

90' dxgrxzv. Axz arj'- 
glz ar nxr'lx bissk'tsd 
bi Se lin E E, qx£ xz 
supcozd' ts gco ts Se 
pursn adrestw Xn Ss 
furst pcozi'cun, Se 
linz s,f,k,x,b, ansxt' 
ts Se dot'ed prints 
ov bco& Se fxt, mark 
- Se ma'nur xn qi6 Se 
ar cif tsd, wiScpt ol'- 
tunrj Sor con arj'gl, 
akord'irj az Se cjss'- 
cur iz dirsktsd. Axz ar ncote'cun ls'turz qxc wxl bx 
sxplend' hxraftur. Ais fi'gur me bx supcozd' ts bx 
rxvursr for Se pcozi'cunz ov Se left fut v . 

As furst pcozi'cun ov x'Sur fut, but partrkularli Sat 
ov Se rit (bxkoz' Se mcor gres'ful), iz Ss pro'pur rxd irj 
pcozi\Cun. It iz ol'sco Ss pro'pur riz'irj pcozi'cun ov 
Sx o ratur ; but cud hx strs6 fcorS hxz armz tco'urdz Sx 
o'dxsns, qsn hx bxginz' ts spxk, hx cud tek Se ss'kund 
pcozi.cun. 




19 



X) E S V U R . 65 

In 5s pcozx'cunz qx6 hav bxn dxskribd', 8s fxt ar 
sum'timz mar wid'lx ss v paretsd. As pcozx'cunz 5sn ar 
ssd ts bx sxtsnd^sd. As sxtsnd'sd pcozx'cunz ov Ss rit 
fut ar sxprsst' bi fxg. 20. 




As furst sxtsnd'sd pcozx'cun ov x'Sur fut xz med qsn 
wun rxtirz' xn alarnr (fxg. 105, and 106 ) ; Ss ss'kund 
qsn hx advan'sxz \vx8 bo^ldnss (fxg. 108 v ). An x xz 
a'dsd ts 8s ncote'cun ts sxprss' 8x sxtsnd'sd pcozx'cun, 
8us x : R 1 x, — rit fvt, furst pazi'cun, extend" ed ; 
R 2 x, — rit fvt, se'kund pozi'cun, extended, &c*. 

As kontrak'ted pcozx'cun me bx x'zxlx un'durstud bi 
supcoz'irj 8s hxlz ts bx brcot klcos tcogs x 8ur. A A: xz 
a'dsd ts 8s ncote'cun, ts sxprss' 8s kontrak'tsd pcozx'- 
cun, 8uS\ : Rl k, L 1 It, &c. 

Xn 6encJ'xr) 8s pcozx'cunz ov 8s fxt, 8s mco'cunz cud 
bx med wx8 8x ufmcost sxmplx'sxtx, and frx from 8s 
pared' and swxp ov dans^xrj. Q\ 6encJ'xz, sksspt' qar 
partx'kulur s'nurcjx rxkwirz' 8s spxk'ur ts stamp, start 
bak, or advans' wx8 markt dxsi'jun, cud bx med al- 
most' xmpurssp^txblx. As centj'xz cud not bx ts frx 1 - 
6* 



66 JD E S V IJ R . 

kwent : frx'kwent £enc) gxvz 8x idx'a ov arjxi'xtx and 
instabrlitx, qx6 ar unfe vurabl ts an o»ratur. 

As se'vural akts rxzulfxrj from Se 6enc]'xz in Se pco- 
zx'cunz ov Se fxt, ar, advans'xy (nco'ted a) ; rxtir'iy 
(r) ; travurs'irj (tr) ; kros'iy (h). 

If mcor steps San wun ar ts bx exprest', az in Se 
bxz'nes ov Se Sx'atur, Se num'bur me bx xntrcodusf xn 
a parenSxsxs, aftur Se le'tur mark'xrj Se step, Sus N , 
a (2) R 2,. Axs ncotccun mxnz, advans' ts steps ts 5e 
se'kund pozx'cun ov Se rit fvU. 

'Cencjxz ov pcozx'cun, or steps, ar, ov kcors, konsx'- 
durd ts bx med con'lx bi 8e fut on qx£ 8s bo'dx xz not 
supcor ted, for Sat alcon' xz fix. Cud it bx rxkwird' ta* 
msv 8e fut qx£ supcorts' Se bo'dx (supcoz- Se left ts Se 
furst pcozx'cun ov Se rit), ts mco'cunz ar ne^seserx ; xn 
Se furst Se pcozx'cun must bx £encjd ts R 2\ sco az ts 
Oreo Se wet ov Se bo'dx on Se rit v fut, Sen Se left me bx 
msvd az rxkwirdu 

Akord'irj ts Sis prxn'sxpl, it wil bx fcpnd Sat from 
-^2 x£ cori'cjxnal pcozx'- 

m cun fcor steps me bx 

med v . Axs iz ilus'- 
treted bi fxg. 21, 
,and 22 v , in qx£ Se 



S^ 



/" 



*s\5 ill #T ^.Jflar^ steps reprizent 

^ ~^fy -\ -^<x 5x cori'cjxnal pcozr 



■/; 



•fr.lt. a cunz# /\ g y m ov 
mco'cunz ov Se fxt 
xz repnzent'ed bi a 
lin ov dots 1 , nxrlx 
ov Se sem form qxd 
x6 fut cud tresv ; Se 



JO E S V IJ R , 



67 



a.L.z 



^ 



tr.R.i 



E.2. 



.-^> ( 

AJL.1. 



lin ov 8s frx, or furst msvxrj fut, xz markt wx5 a star. 
In 8s fx'gurz, xt wxl bx obzurvd' 8at from x£ pcozx'cun 
fcor stsps^ me bx meo\ 
— 5s spxk'ur me ad- 
vans', rxtir', tra'vurs, 
and krosx. In ad- 
vans'xrj and tra'vurs- 
xrj, x£ stsp fx'nxcxz 
on Ss ss'kund pcozx'- 
cun ov Sx advansxrj 
ftrtv; and, xn rxtirxq 
from 8s furst pcozx'- 
cun, 8s stsp fx'nxcxz 
on Ss furst pcozx'cun 
ov 8s kon trarx fut ; but, xn rxtirxrj from 8s ss'kund 
pcozx'cun, xt fxnxcxz on 8s furst pcozx'cun ov 8s senr 
fut. In kros'xrj from Ss furst pcozx'cun, 8s frx fut 
pa'sxz bxfcor 8x u'8ur, and fx'nxcxz on 8s ss'kund pco- 
zx^cun ; but, xn kros'xrj from 8s ss'kund pcozx'cun, xt 
pa'sxz bxhind' 8s plantsd fut, and fx'nxcxz on 8s furst 
pcozx^cun. 

As stsps from 8s ts pcozx'cunz ov 8s lsft fut ar 
sx'mxlur ts Scoz ov 8s rit N , and ds not rxkwir' ts bj 
sxplend' bi anu x Sur fx*gur. 



22 



AE PfiZXCIINZ AND ELXVECUNZ OV AX ARMZ. 

Fxg. 23 rsprxzsnts' a pur'sn standxrj wx8 hxz armz 
harj'xrj unkonstrendw Ncp, xf from 8xs pcozx'cun Sx 
arm bx rezd az hi az xt kan bx, az xn fxg. 24, Sx sx- 
trs'mxtx ov 8x fxrj'gurz wxl dxskrib', xn Ss vur'txkal 
dxrsk'cun, a ss'mxsurkl, qxc, xn Ss fx'gur, xz markt at 



X) h S C IJ R . 



fiv pants*, R, d, h, e, Z, at xn'turvalz ov 45 dxgrxzv. 

If, xn Se trans- 
vurs' dxrek'cun, 
5x arm bx Ex- 
tended akros' §s 
bo'dx az far az 
konvxn'ysns wxl 
purmxt',and§£n 
swept horxzon'- 
talx rcfnd, and 
qp t'wurdz, Sx £x- 
tre'mxtx ov 5e 
fxrj'gurz wxl dx- 
skrib' a se'mx- 
surkl,qx£ xn hg. 
25 xz olso markt 
at fiv pants*, s, 
/, k, x, b\, at xn'turvalz ov 45 dxgrxzv. Upon' 
Sxz prxn'sxplz xz bxlt Se pre'zent sxstem ov <J£s x 6ur, 

qxc xz cs'em'plxfid xn 
fxg. 26\ Axs fxgur xz 
a sfxr, konsxst'xrj ov 
8e pri'marx sur'kl, Z 
ehdRdheZ, 5s 
rit surkl, Z f R 
(kros'xrj §e pri marx 
at rit arj'glz), 8e ts 
oblik' surklz, Z b R 
k Z (kros'xrj §£ rit 
and pri'marx sur'kl 
at an an'gl ov 45 dx- 
grxz'), §£ horxzon'tal sur'kl, b h s f k lib (§8 plen ov 





DESC JJR. 



G9 



qx£ pas'iz $rs Ss procjskt'xr] pant), and Ss ts smol'ur 
surklz, b ekfs eb, and b d s f h d b, pa'ralsl ts At. 




abuv and bxlco', at Ss dxs'tans ov 45 dxgrxzx. As 
human fi'gur xz sco plest wxSxn' Sis sfxr, Sat Sx xn'- 
turnal ssn'tral pant bxtwxn' Ss col'durz xz Ss ssn'tur 
ov Ss sfxn. As pos'^urz and morcunz ov Sx armz ar 
rxfurd' ts, and dxtur'mxnd bi, Ss pants at qx£ Ss sur- 
klz xntursskt it U\Sur. As surkl markt k, for Se rit 
arm. bxkumz' s for Ss left, and Ss koirtrarx. Akord'- 



70 DESCUR. 

xr) Is Sxs skxm 8s pos'curz ov Sx armz ar dxtur mind, 
and nco' ted az fo lcoz : 

Fur st, in de Vurtikal Dirckcun. 

Qsn Sx arm harjz dqm, at rsst, fxg. 23, it iz 
no'tsd R. 

Qsn dxrskfsd dcpn'wurd, wxSin' 45 dxgrxz' ov 
Ss ne'dur, fxg. 27 ts 31, d. 

Qsn dxrskt'sd to'urdz Ss hori'zun, fxg. 32 ts 36, h. 

Qsn s'lxvetsd 45 dxgrxz' abuv Ss hori'zun, fxg. 
37 ts 41, e. 

Qsn pant'xrj ts 8s zx'nxd, fxg. 24, Z. 

Sekund, in Ss Transvurs Direkcun. 

Qsn Sx arm xz sxtsnd'sd az far az konvxn'ysnt 
akros' 8s bo'dx, se 45 dxgrxz' from 8s rit surkl, 
ZfR, fxg. 27, 32, 37, it iz no'tsd s. 

Qsn sxtsnd'sd xn 8s plen ov 8s rit surkl, or 
dxrskt'lx forwurd, fxg. 23, 33, 38, f. 

Qsn dxrskt'sd 45 dxgrxz' oblik'lx from Sxs pozr- 
cun, fxg. 29, 34, 39, h. 

Qsn xn 8s plen ov 8s pri'marx surkl, fxg. 30, 
35,40, x. 

Qsn 45 dxgrxz' bak'wurd ov 8s prxsxd'xrj pozx'- 
cun, fxg. 31, 36, 41, &. 

From 8s kombxne'cun ov Ss $rx vur'txkal and fiv 
transvurs' pozx'cunz (fxg. 24 and 25), sxldu'siv ov 8s 
pozx'cunz R and Z, fxftxn pri'marx pozx'cunz ov Sx 
armz ar formd^. Xn 8x xlustrccun ov 8xz pri'marx 
pozx'cunz ov Sx armz, ol 8s fx'gurz xn 8x upur lin 
(fxg. 27 ts 31) dxrskt' Sx arm dcpn'wurd, but ts 



JO E S V I J R 



71 



dx'fursnt pants in 8s transvurs' surkl; ol Ss fx'gurz 
xn 8s ss'kund lin (frg. 32 ts 38) dxrskf Sx arm tor- 
urdz 8s horizun; and ol Sqz xn 8s &urd (37 ts 41), 
s'lxvet xt twurdz 8x u'pur transvurs' surkl. If 8e ar 
tekn xn Ss vur'txkal dxrsk'cun, Scoz xn 8s furst ko'lum 
(27, 32, 37) pant akros v ; Sqz xn 8s ss'kund (28, 33, 
38), forwurd; Soz xn 5s Qurd (29, 34, 39), obmV ; 
8gdz xn 8s for& (30, 35, 49), sxtsndsd; 8o3z xn 8s fxfic) 
(31, 36, 41), bafcwrird. 

Ae Fiftxn Primarx Pazxcunz or Se Armz mar par- 
txkvlurlx nated. 



FXG. FURST LIN. NQTED. 

In 27 8s rit arm xz d(pn'wurd akros*, - - - ds. 

" dcpn'wurd forwurd - - - df. 

" dcpn'wurd obliks - - - - dk. 

" dcpn'wurd sxtsndsd, - - - dx. 

" dcpnwurd bakwurd, - - db. 



28 " « 

29 " " 

30 " " 

31 " " 



SEKUND LIN. 

In 32 8s rit arm xz horxzon'tal akros v , - - - hs. 

33 " " " " horxzon'tal for wurd, - - hf. 

34 « " " " horxzon'tal oblib, - - - hk. 



35 
36 



horxzon'tal sxtsndsd, - - hx. 
horxzon'tal babwurd, - - hb. 



©TIRD LIN. 

In 37 8s rit arm xz s'lxvetsd akros x , - - - - es. 

38 " " " " slxvetsd forwurd, - - - ef 

39 « « « u slxvetsd obliks - - - - ek 

40 " " " " s'lxvetsd sxtsnd v sd, - - - ex. 

41 " " " " s'lxvetsd bafrwurd, ---£&. 



72 



•DiiSCLTR, 




JO L S C IJ R , 




73 

Axz ar 5s 
sim'pl pri'- 
marx pos'- 
6urz ov 5s 
hwl arm, qx6, 
wx5 5s la'tx- 
tud alqpd', 
wxl bx Tcpnd 
sufx'csnt ts 
rsprxzsnt' 
most ov 5x 
or'd xn ar x 
^ss^urz. Bi 
5s la'txtud 
alcpd, 5s rxd- 
ur xz ts un- 
durstand' 
Sat dxflsk'- 
cun from 5s 
tru pant xn 
rs'fursns ts 
qx6 5s pos- 
eur xz nema\; 
sxns a nxr 
aprco6' ts 5s 
pro'pur pant 
xz sufx'csnt 
ts gxv 5s 
pos'6ur 5s 
nem v ov 5at 
-panU : ma- 
dxma'txkal 
prxsx'jun xz 



74 



JO E S V 11 R . 



not mtsnd'sd, and iz not ns'ssssri — it iz sufi'csnt if 
8s pozi'cun bx nxrlx in 8x arj'gl or dxrsk'cun men^cund. 




As kolo'kwial slive'cunz 
ov 8x armz (Fig. 42, 43, 44) 
ar lss bold San 8s prrmarx 
pos^urz. Ae for'-arm, in 
8s horizontal slivecun, xn- 
stsd' ov bx'irjts Ss hit ov 8s 
col'dur, pants abqpt' az hi 
az 8s mi'dl ov 8s brsst ; 8s 
hand, in 8x s'lxvetsd pozi'- 
cun, iz not rezd abuv 8s 
iz, ; and, in 8s pozrcun 
dcpn'wurdz, it iz hsld but 
^=§g lx'tl bxlo' 8s west v . 

Xn dxli'nietirj 8s pri'marx 
pos'^urz, 8s bcold'sst and 
most dxsi'dsd ak'cun haz bin 6o'zn, qi£ iz sufsd ts 




JO E S V I J It 



73 



8x s^pxk stiL ; bxkoz', xn 8xs stil, 8s dx'fursnt pos'^urz 
ar 8s most strorj'lx dxskrx^mxnetsd. As kolo'kwxal 
slxvccunz ar sx'mxlur, but te v mur. In 8xz Ss dxstxrjk'- 
txv karaktur xz, Sat 8x arm at 8x sl'bo xz bsnt v , and 
8x u'pur-arm hsld klo'sur ts Ss sidv. 

As dxgrx' ov smurc]x prosxd'xrj from 8s ssn'txmsnt 
ov dxzir', or avurcun, wx8 qx6 a pa'sxcj xz dxlx'vurd, 
xn'flusnsxz mu£ 8s ka'raktur ov 8s cjss'cur, xn 8s sem 
ma'nur 8at xt duz 8s tonz and sxprs'cunz ov 8s vols. 
If 8s pa'sxcj ts bx dxlx'vurd me pro'purlx bx xlus'tretsd 
bi 8x arm xn 8s poseur horxzon'tal extended {hx), 
8s dxgrx' ov Sat sxtsn'cun cud ve'rx wxS 5s spx'rxt 
ov 8s pa^sxcJ. *f an ob'cjskt xz sxm'plx panted ts 




45 46 

in Ss hori'zun, 8x arm cud bx mo'duretlx sxtsnd'sd 
(fxg. 45), and slit'lx bsnt at 8s col'dur, 8x sl'bco, and 
8s risk. If 8x ob'cjskt xz hi'lx xn'tursstxi], Sx arm cud 
bx sxtsnd'sd ts Sx ur-most, 8s rxst Sron up, and 8s 
fin'gurz dcpn^, qil 8s hoi bo'dx cud bx procjskfsd for- 
wurd. (Fxg. 46.) Ax arm xn 8xs poseur, az xn 8s 
last, xz konsx'durd stxl ts bx horizon'tal extend'ed, but 
xn 8x extrxm 1 dxgrx*, and xz markt xn Ss notccun wx5 



76 



JO L S C U R . 



an adi'cunal x\, Sus x , tec*. If Sx ob'cjekt bx sum'Sxn 

prodLis'xn dxsapcint'msnt, or 
ho'rur, Sx arm cud bx kon- 
trakVed, and Ss hoi pur'sn 
cudrxkok (Fig. 47.) And 
Sis ol'sco xz konsi'durd hori- 
zon'tal extended ; horizon'- 
tal, bxkoz' Ss hand xz dx- 
rskt'sd torurdz Ss hrarrzun, 
and extend 1 ed, bxkoz' Sx 
arm kontxn'yuz xn Ss sem 
plen az xn Ss formur xn^ 
stansxz. As ncote'cun Is'turz 

qx£ sxprss' Sxs cjss'cm* ar hxh, qi6 mxnz horizontal 

extend 1 ed kontraliUed. 





48 49 50 

Aor ar u'Sur pos'6urz ov Sx arm, qx£ ar nemd from 
Ss ma'nur ov hcold'xrj Sx arm, or rsst'xrj it upon' Ss 
bo v dx. As fo'lcoirj wxl sufiz' ts sxplen' Ss klas ts qx6 
Se ar ts bx rxfurdv. 

Folded, ncot'sd ld K . (Fxg. 48».) Qsn Sx armz ar 
krost, and snklcoz' x6 u'Sur, Ss Isft hand hcold'xq Sx 



JO L S C IJ R . 77 

up'ur rit arm, and Ss rit hand pas'irj un'dur 8x up'ur 
lsft v arniu Axs woz a fe'vurxt poseur ov Naporlxun. 

Kxmba, fa. As poseur xn'ts qxc 8x arm xz Sron bi 
rsst'xrj 8s hand upon' Sx hxp, az xn fxg. 49.. 

Rxpcjzd", pd,. Qsn wun far-arm rssts upon 7 Sx 
u^Sur, az xn fxg. 5(X. Axs poseur xz pxkul'yur ts le^dxz. 



POSWJRZ 9.ND MQCUNZ OV AE HMDZ. 

As pos'^LTz ov Ss hand ar dxtur'mxnd bi fear dx'fur- 
snt surkumstansxz : 

1. Bi 8s dxspcozx'cun ov Ss fxrj'gurz. 

2. Bi 5s ma'nur ov prxzsnt'xrj 8s pam,. 

3. Bi 8s kombind' dxspwzx'cun ov bco& handzv. 

4. Bi 8s part ov 8s bo'dx on qx6 8s handz ar plest. 

Furst Klas ov Ss PosSvrz ov 8s Handz, dxpsndxi] on 
8s Dxspozxcun ov 8s Fxrjgurz. 

As natural steL, ncot'sd n^, fxg. 51 v. As hand, qsn 
unkonstrend', xn xts natural and rxlaxt' stet, x'8ur 
har)'xrj dcpn or at rsst, or rezd mo'duratlx up, haz ol 
8s fxrj'gurz slit'lx bsnt xn'wurdz to'urdz 8s panr ; 8s 
mx'dl and Surd fxrj'gur cjsnt'lx tu6 ; 8s fcorfxrjgur xz 
ss'paretsd from 8s mx'dl fxrj'gur, and 8s 
lx'tl fxrj'gur from Ss Qurdv. 






51 52 53 

KlxnSts, fa, fxg. 52;. As fxrj'gurz ar furnvlx kloDzd, 
and 8s Oum xz prsst upon' 8s mx'dl and forfxrj.gur. 
Lxtsnd'sd, x\ fxg. 53.. As fxrj'gurz, xn 8xs stet, ai 

7* 



78 



JD E S T3 JU R . 



ss'paretsd from x6 u'Sur wxS s'nurcjx xn prcopcorrun 
ts Sx fiksite'cun ov Ss spxLur. 




In'dex, i\ 9 fxg. 54, 55, 56^ Pant'xrj wxS Sx for- 
fxrjgur, sum'timz wxS bco& Ss for and mx v dl fxrjgur, Sx 
uSur fxrj'gurz turnd xn'wurdz, and kontraktsd wxS 
mor or lss foors, akord'xrj ts 8x s'nurc[x ov §8 spxkur. 
Axs cjes'fojr xz yuzd xn rxprcofr and xndxkecun, from 
Ss last ov qx6 xt haz xts nern , xn s dex. 

KolekPed, L, fxg. 57 and 58s. Qsn Sx sndz ov ol Ss 

* ** ~ ^ furj'gurz ar cjsir- 

tlx xnklind' tco'- 
urdz, or tuc Sx 
end ov Se Bums. 
WxS Ss fxrj'gurz 
kolskt'sd, az xn 
e, Ss hand xz brot 
nxr Ss Ixps, or Sx 
o'pcozxt col'dur, 
Sen rxmsvd' xn Ss kon'trarx dxrsk ciin, wxS Ss fxrj'gurz 
Extended, az xn b\. 






Hold' xrj, 7^^ ? fxg. 59, 60, 61,. As Sum and fcorfxrj'- 
gur, sum'timz Ss Sum and ts or moor fxrj'gurz, ar 



jd l s r v. r . 



prsst tsgs x Sur ; Sx u ; 8ur fxrj'gurz ar 
kontrakt sd, mar or Iss, akord'xrj 
ts 5s dxgrx' ov s'nur^x rxkwird' bi 
5s ssn txmsnt. 






62 63 64 

Ho'lo, ca, fxg. 62,. Qsn 5s pam xz held nxrlx 
srpim, and 5s fxrj'gurz turnd xn^- 
wurd. 

0^^77^^, wi», fxg. 63 and 64. Panf- 
xrj wx5 8s Sunr ; 8s fxrj'gurz bx'xrj 
klaspt deg n, and 8s Sura sxtsnd ed. 

Grasp'irj, g^, fxg. 65,. As fxrj'gurz 
sxz'xrj 5x garmsnts, or 8s hm\. 

" Aat cjss £ny ' ssz Ivwxntxdxan, " qx6 urcjxz on 8s 

wurdz, kontrakt xrj , ■ A ^ 

and co'pnxrj 8s hand 
wx5 alturnet and 
ra'pxd mco'cun, xz 
ra'Sur admxt'sd bi 
kemun yrzxcj, 8an akord'xq ts art." Fxg. 66^ 

Seltund Klas ov Se PosSrrz ov 5e Hanch, dxpendirj 
on Se manur ov prxzentxij Se Pam. 

As hand xz pron qsn 
5s pam xz turnd 
dqrn^vurd. 

Svpin\ s*. As 
67 68 hand xz ssd ts bx 

srpin' qsn 8s pam xz turnd up wurd, az xn hg. 6&. 




Proir, not'sd p y , fxg. 6' 




80 



JO L S -C IJ R . 



Xn'iourd, n\, fog. 69*. Qsn Ss pam xz turnd tco'- 
urd 8s brsst. 

<pHcuixl, od^ frg. 70v. Qsn Ss pam az turnd from 
Ss bo'dx, and to'urd 8x ob x c]skt; Ss Bum 
dcpirwurd. 




69 70 71 

Yurtxkal, Vs 9 fxg. 7L. Qsn Ss pam xz purpsndx'ku- 
lar ts Sx hcorrzun, Ss fxrj'gurz pantarj up v wurd. 

For s wurd,'f^ Qsn 8s pam xz prxzsnt'sd forwurd, 
8x arm harj'xrj dcpn, or plest xn wun ov Sx sxtsnd'sd 
or bak wurd pozivcunz. 

B&kwurd, b,. Qsn 8s pam Xz turnd balowurd, 
Sx arm harj'xrj dcpn, or plest xn wun ov Sx sxtsnd'sd 
or balowurd pcozx*cunz. 

&urd Klas ov 8e PosSvrz ov 8e Handz, ariziy from 
de komhind dispazicun ov bo& Handz. 

Ov Sxs klas 8s fo'loxrj ar Ss most xn yus. Ts 
ls'turz ar smplad' xn Ss note'cun ov x6 ov Sxz pos N 6urz. 




Mpl'id\ ap„ fxg. 1%. Qsn 8s pamz, and 8s fxi)'- 
gurz and Sumz ov x6, ar mu'cxialx led agsnst* x£ u^Sur, 



JO E S "C 17 R 



81 



KlaspL, pU, fxg. 73*. Qsn 8s fxrj'gurz ov Ss ts 
handz ar xnsurfsd bxtwxn' x6 u'Sur, and Ss pamz 
prsst tsgfi l 5ur. 

Fold'edf Mk, fxg. 74*. Qsn Ss fxrj'gurz ov Ss rit 
hand ar led bxtwxn' Ss Sum and for'fxrjgur ov 8s left 4 , 
8s rit Sum kros'xrj Ss lsft, and 5s pamz prsst tsgs'Sur. 





75 76 

KrosL, k?\, fxg. 75*. Qsn 8s lsft hand xz plest on 
8s forest, and 8s rit hand on Ss lefts or 8s kon v trarx. 

Jnklcjzd,, ins, fxg. 76*. Qsn 8s bak and fxrj'gurz 
ov wun hand ar aplid ts 5s bak and fxrj'gurz ov Sx 
u^Sur, az xn 8s fxgur. 




"SfcTAJ 



Tufijy, &, fxg. 




fxrj'gurz 



Qsn 8s pants ov 
and &urnz ar brot xn'ts kon'takt, az xn 8s frgur. 

Rnvnj, rrj,, fxg. 78*. Qsn 8s handz ar klaspt, 8sn 
ka-'rxd dcpn'wurd, wxScpf dxssngecj'xrj 8s fxn/gurz. 

Xnirmuretiy, nn,, fxg. 
79*. Qsn Sx xn'dsx ov Ss 
rit hand xz led sukss'sxvlx 
upon' 8s fxrj'gurz ov Ss lsft*. 
Sunvtiiriz Ss for'fxrjgur ov 
5s rit teks hold sukss'sxvlx 
ov 5s fxrj'gurz ov Ss lsft*. 




82 



JDftSCUR. 



Ford- Klas ov Se Pos6zjvz ov 5e Handz, arxzxrj fi om 
Se Part ov dc Bodi on qi6 8e Handz ar plest. 





Ac nwte'cun lc- 
tur bi qx£ x6 ov 
Sxz pos'^urz xz 
rcprxzEnt'cd, xz a 
kapitaL Ac parts 
on qx£ 8s hand xz 
rnoDst frx'kwsntlx 
plest ar, 8s brest, 
noted B, &g. 80; 
Sx iz, I, fxg. 8L; 

§S fopS, Za, fxg. 

82,; hzfor'ed, R, 



83 84 

fxg. 83v; and 58 Af»s £7 V , fxg. 84,. 



As Mcjcunz ov 3x Armz and Handz, 

In asnrte'nxrj 8x xm'port ov s'nx poseur ov x'Sur 
arm, or hand, xt xz important ts konsx'dcr 8s poseur 
in konsk-cun wiS 8x ak'cun bi qx£ xt xz produst v ; for 



JD E S V 11 R 



83 



s'nx poseur ov 8x arm or hand me susteiv dx'fursnt 
sxgnx'fxkant ka^akturz, bxkoz' dx'fursnt ak'cunz gxv 
8e sem pos'6ur an entinlx dx'fursnt xmpwrt. 

As mo'cunz ov 5x armz and handz tsgs'Sur ar, 8sr- 
fcor, konsx'durd — furst, az ts 6or direhcun — and, 
se'kundli, az ts 5s ma'nur ov msvxrj. 





In ds direhcun ov Se mo'cun (fxg. 85), cjss'iurz ar 
konsx'durd az assnd'xn, no'tsd a; dxssnd'xn, d ; ts §8 
rit, r; ts 8s left, /; for'wurd, f; bak'wurd, b; rx- 
volvxrj, v,. As starz, konskt'sd \vx8 8s hand bi dots, 
cod 8s ve'rxus pants from qx£ 8s ma'cun ov 8e <Jes'- 
6urz haz komsnst. 

«53z ts 8e ma'nur ov mo'cun, cjss'6ur me bx kon- 
sx'durd az 

NcjfriTj, ncot'sd n,, fxg. 11, pec| 57*. As hand xz 
rezd, and 8sn, wx5 a c|sn'tl strcok, dxprsst 

Prcytfekfrir/, or pvciy, p„ fxg. 86,. Ax arm xz furst 
dron bak, and 8sn Srust forv\vurd. 



84 



JO E S V U R . 



Wev'jy, w,, fxg. 87v. WxS a su'dxn mco'cun, Sg 
hand xz Qrcon in an up^wurd dxrekvCim. 





87 

Flwnc, fls, fxg. 88*. A surkulur msvmsnt abuv 
Ss hsd*. 

Swxp,, sw,, fitg. 89*. A 
kurvd msvmsnt, dxssnd'xn, 
from 8x o'pcozxt col'dur, 
and riz'xrj wx8 vxlo sxtx ts 
8x ut'mcost extent' ov Sx 
arnr, or 8s rxvurs*. As 
swxp xz sum'timz du'bld, bi 
rxturn'xrj 8x arm Srs 8s 
sem ar&. 

Befonxy, bJu. Qsn wxS 
8s forfxrj'gur, or 8s hoi 
hand, 8s pam bx'xrj turnd 
xn'wurd, a mo'cun xz med xn 8s dxrsk'cun ov 8s fes, 
or brsst. 




JD h S T3 U R 



83 



RxprsvAij, rpu As rxvurs' ov 8s prxsxd^xi) cjssvtarr. 
Qsn Ss fcorfxrj'gur, or 8s hoi hand, Ss pam turnd cpt'- 
wurd, meks a mco'cun xn opcozx'cun ts 8s pursr 
adrsst. 

As mco'cunz xn 8s last ts cjss'taz ar ofn rxpxtsd. 





90 



91 



Strihxy, st, fxg. 90\. Qsn 5s hand dxssndz' from a 
hi'ur slxve'cun rapxdlx, and wx8 a dxgrx' ov fcors lik a 
strcok qit xz arsstsd. 

Benchxy, bn,, xz 5s (jss'forr prxpa'raturx ts strihxy. 
It xz rsprxzsnt'sd bi 5x u'purmcost dotsd hand and 
arm ov fxg. 90, and bi 5s strorj'lx markt slxvetsd rit 
arm ov fxg. 91\. 

Rxkoxhxy, rh, fxg. 9L. Qsn, aftur a strcih, 8s 
hand rxturnz' ts 8s pozx'cun qsns xt prcosxd.sd. 

Sprxrj'xy, $p„ Qsn 5s hand, havxrj nxr'lx arivd' at 
8x xntsnd'sd Ix'mxt ov 8s (]ss'6ur, fliz su'dxnlx up ts xt 
bi a kwxk mco'cun ov 8s rxst... 

Orcj'irj, A. Qsn 8s arm xz Srcon. az xt wsr, xn 5s 
dxrsk'cun ov 8s pur'sn adrsst. 
8 



86 



JO E S C IJ R 



Klxnfrxrj, kh. Qsn Ss hand xz su'dxnlx klxndt, and 
Sx arm xz rezd An a poseur ov Srs v tnxrj. 

KolekVxrj, Ik. Qsn Sx arm, from an sxtsnd'sd pos'- 
cur, swxps xmwurd. 

Ceh/y, ck. Qsn a trE'muliis mco'cun xz med bi Sx 
arm and hand. 

Pres'iy, pn. Qsn 5s hand, olrs'dx led on sum part, 
Sx e'fort ov prss'xrj xz markt bi rez'xrj Sx el'bco, and 
kontrakt'xrj Ss fxrjvgurz. 

RxtraliPxr/, ri» Qsn Sx arm xz wxSdron', prxpa'rx- 
turx ts prQCJskt v xrj or pucarj. 

RxtfeliPir/, rcj\. Qsn Ss hand (xn Ss vurtxkal pos'- 
6ur) xz puct twurd Sx ob^skt. Xn Sxs cjss'cur Ss fes 
xz not unfrx'kwsntlx avurt*sd, az xn fxg. 97v, for qx£ 
fxg. 96 xz prxpaTaturx. 



AE HED, AX IZ, &ND AE BODX. 

Ae hsd cud bx hsld xn an xrskf and natural poseur ; 
for, qsn hun dcpn, xt sxprss'xz humx N lxtx, or dx^fxdsns ; 
qsn Sron bak, aTcogans ; and qsn xnklind' ts wan sid, 
larpgur, or xndx*fursns. As msvmsnts ov Ss hsd cud 
bx sut'sd ts Ss ka'raktur ov Ss dxlx^vurx ; Se cud akord' 
wxS Ss c]ss'6ur, and fol xn wxS Sx ak'cun ov Ss handz, 
and Ss mco'cunz ov Ss bo x dx. 



PosSurz and Mcjcunz ov 


Direhcun 


ov 8x Iz. 


Se Hzd. 












Inklinds nwt'sd - 


- 


L. 


Forwurd, 


ncofsd - - F,. 


Xrskt^ " 


- 


% 


Avurt v sd, 




" - - A^. 


Assnt^xrj, " 


- 


As, 


Dcpn^wurd, 




» - - I), 


Dxnrxrj, " 


- 


Dn, 


Up^wurd, 




" - - U, 


Cek^xrj, 


- 


C, 


Arcpnd 1 , 




« - - n, 


Tos^xn, 


- 


Ts, 


Vakirxtx, or 


a 


Asids 


- 


S, 


Vekansx 




« - - Vw 



x> h s v u r . 87 

Ae mco'cunz ov Se trurjk kontri'but muc ts Sx efekt' 
xn dxk^vurx. As cJES'6.urz ov Sx armz and handz, Set'- 
for, cud ol'wez bx supcorfed bi Sx akum'panxmEnt ov 
Se bo dx. 

A£ NQTECUN LETtlRZ. 

Ae most kompkke'ted cJES'C^rz ar Soz qx6 rxlet' ts 
Se kombind' pos'curz and mco'cunz ov Se handz and 
armzx ; yet Sxz ar exprssf wxS sufx'CEnt a'kurasx bi 
for (sunrtimz fu'ur) notccun lE'turz for x6 msv v ment. 

Ae furst for, or Se furst 9rx lE'turz, ar kold a sst v ov 
Isvturz. In a sst, Qzphfd, or sek n, 

Ae furst le'tur rxlets' ts Se poseur ov Se hand*. 

As se'kund, ts Sx ekve'cun ov Sx arm?* 

As Surd, ts Se transvurs' sx£i:e'cun ov Sx arm » 

Ae frjr&, ts Se mo'cun, or fors N ov Se rjescitt*. 

Aus, phf d xz rsd, prcm horxzon'tal for'wurd dl- 
sender/, Prcm xz Se poseur ov Se hand* ; horxiontaU 
Sx ekve'cun ov Sx arm 1 ; for'wurd, Sg pos'cur ov Sx 
arm xn Se transvurs' dxrtkdin ; and dxsend'Xf) mxnz 
Sat Sx arm dxsEndz' from a hi'ur ekve'cun. Ae sst, 
sek n, xz rsd svpin 1 e'lxvet'ed oblilv nwtAij* Svpiri', 
Se pos'eur ov Se hand, ; e'lxveted, Sx arm, az ts Ekve v - 
cun ; oblik', Sx arm xn Se transvurs' dxrsk^cun ; ncjt'xy> 
Sx ak'cun ov Se hand and arm. 

Qsn Sor ar ts ssts ov smol lE'turz, Se furst SEt dx- 
nots 7 Se cjes'Ci :rz ov Se rit K hand and arm, ; Se sE'kund, 
Soz ov Se kftv. As ts ssts ar sEparet'sd bi a cort dac>, 
Susx : phk — pdb. A cort dac ol'wez akunrpanxz a 
sxrj'gl SEt ov smol ls^turz : qsn Se dac fo'lcjt Se lE'turz, 
Se dxnof Se c]es cl.t ov Se rit hand; qsn Se dac prx- 



88 JD h S tJ U R . 

sxdz' Se lg'turz, 8e dxncot' 8g cjes'CLir ov 8e te/^ 
handv. 

Qgn a set ov smol lg'turz xz prxsxd'gd bi a ka'pxtal 
B, 8g cjgs'cur qx£ Se rgprxzgnt' xz ts bx purformd' bi 
bo& handzv. 

Qgn a lorj dac fo'loz Se smol lg'turz, konekt'xrj Sem 
waS u'Sur smol le'turz, or \vxS a sxrj'gl wun, far'8ur 
on, a cencj ov c)gs cur xz markt, qxc xz ts tek pies on 
Sg wurd o'vur qx£ su£ lg'tur, or lg'turz, ar plest ; and 
8s komgns'mgnt and turmxne'cun ov 8g dac mark 8g 
komgns'mgnt and turmxnecun ov 8g cjgs^ur. 

Qgn a set ov smol lg'turz, havxrj a dac, xz konekt'gd 
bi a lin ov dots wxS anu'8ur sgt ov smol lg'turz, havxrj 
a kon'trarx dac, Sg cjgs'cur med bi 8g furst hand xz ts 
bx fo'lod and supoart'gd bi anu'8ur (Jgs'cur med bi 8x 
u v 8ur hand, qx£ xz ts tek pies qar 8g sg'kund sgt ov 
lg'turz xz markt,. Axs xz kold altur net cjes^ur. 

In or'dur ts prxvenf konfu'jun, 8g pos'curz ov 8g 
hgd, and 8g dxrgk'cun ov Sx iz, ar xndxke'tsd bi kapx- 
tal lg'turz, nxr # 8g bxgxn'xrj ov 8g seirtens, or at sum 
dxs'tans from 8g lg'turz rxle'txrj ts 8g handz and armzv. 

Ag lg'turz qx6 mark 8g pwzx'cunz ov 8g fxt and 8g 
stgps, ar plest bxlo s 8g lin, and un'dur 8g wurd qor Se 
cud tek ples>. 

Sinoptxh&l Mrencjmsnt ov 8e Notecun Leturz. 

Furst smol Llttir, 

Notxr/ 8e Dxspozxcun ov 8e Fxijgurz. 

n, natural. x, xmdex. a, ho^lw. 

k, klxnct. /, kolskfcd. m, Sum.. 

x, extend ed. h, hordxr). g, graspxrj. 



x> h s c u r , 8< 

"Nat XT) Be Manur ov Prxzentxr/ 8e Para, 
p, pron*. 99, cft'wurd. /, forwurd. 

s, supirix. v, vurtikal, b, bak v wurd. 

n, m*wurd. 

SEKUND SMOL LeTUR, &ND TH K&PXTkLZ, 

Nat xrj 8x Elxvecun ov 5x Armz. 

d, dcpn x wurd. Z, zrnxd. 
h, horizontal. R, restv. 

e, E v livetsd. 

©URD SMOL LfcTtIR, 

Ncjtxy de PosSvr ov Sx Armz xn 3e Transvurs 
Dxrekcun. 

s, akrosi. Tt, oblikv. b, bak-wurd. 

f 9 forwurd. x, extended. 

For® aND Fxf© smol Lltur, 

Notxy Se Fc?rs ov Mcocun ov &e Handz and Armz, 
x, extrxnii. k, kontrakt^d. m, mo^duret. 

Ncjtxrj 3e Dxrekcun ov Mocun. 

a, asEnd^irj. /, left., v, rxvolv\xn, 

d, dxs£nd v irj. f, forwurd. x, m v wurd. 

r, ritx. b, bak-wurd. gj, (ptnvurd. 

Notxrj Se Manur ov Mocun. 

Tit narii]. ad, advans N ig. bn, bgnd^ii). 

p, puc x irj. sp, sprxiyii). rh, rxkabirj. 

w, we\ M xr). st, striker). c, ceioirj. 

fl, fluTic. pr, pr£S*xn. $, Srorirj. 

sw, swxp*. rt, rxtraktMtrj. Id, klm6in. 

bh, bsk^nii). r$, rxcjekMrj. Ik, kolskt'irj. 
rp, rxpres^irj. 



90 D h S V LT It . 

Kapxtalz, 
Notxrj Se Poster ov Se Red, and Dxrekcun ov Sx Iz. 

X, xnklind*. Ts, tos v xrj. D, dcprvwurd. 

X, xrekt*. S, asid*. U, up x wurd. 

Sis, aserit s xrj. F, for wurd. R, arcpnd*. 

Dn, dxnrxrj. .52, avurt^d. V, ve v kansx. 

C, cekxrj. 

KaPXTALZ AND NlJMURALZ, 

Not XT) Se Pozxcunz ov Se Fxt. 
Rl, rit fut, 1st pcozx^cun. N, nxl v xrj. 

R2, rit fut, 2d pcozx v cun. 
LI, left fut, 1st pcozx cun. 
X2, left fut, 2d pcozx^cun. 

Smol Leturz and wun Rapxtal, 
Notxrj Se dxgrx ov Fxtencun ov Se Fxt. 

x, extended. xx, extended extrxnv 

mx, mo'duretlx extended. K, kontrakt^ed. 

Lsturz not XT) Steps. 

a, advansv. tr, tra^vurs. s, start*. 

r, rxtir*. k, kros*. sp, stamp*. 

Leturz rxletxi) ts Parts on qxS Se Hand xz sumtimz 
plest. 
I, iz*. L, lxps*. V, 6xn*. 

N, ncoz*. F, fored. br, brest*. 

Leturz notxy Se Manur ov Kombinxrj Se Fxrjgurz. 
ap, aplid*. Id, folded. 6, tu6xrj. 

Ip, klaspt*. xn, xnklcozd*. nv, xnu x muretxrj. 

kr, krost*. ry, rxrpxrj. 



X> h S 13 U It . 91 

Leturz noUrj 5e Komb/necunz ov bo& Armz, 
en, Enkunrburd. km, kxnrbco. 

pd, rxpcozcL B, b«9 handz, or armzx. 

Leturz ncjtirj Sxgnxfxkant JDestvrz. 
Sip, apxhxrj. Dp, dsprxkexmn. £Ld, admxre^cun. 

Rt, atEmcun. Pr, pridx. Hr, hoTur. 

Vn, vsnure cun, Cm, cemv. Gr, grxf . 

Ls, lx x snxij. M.v, avurcun. Fr, fxr. 

Lm, lamsnte v cun. Km, komand v xrj. En, enkirrxcjxrj. 

AE STRflK &ND TIM OV JDESCIJR. 

Ae arm, Ss fcor-arm, Ss hand, and Ss fxrj'gurz, form 
8s grand xn'strumsnt ov cjss'cur, or, az Sx'sxro kolz 
xt, " Ss ws'pn ov Sx oTatur." Ae ssn'tur ov mo'cun 
ov Sxs kom'pcf nd xn'strumsnt, xz Se cohdur. Axz parts 
cud not msv tsgs'Sur xn Se ma'nur ov an xnflsx'xbl 
lin; but x6 cja.nt cud bx a ssn'tur ov mco'cun for 8s 
por'cun bxtwxn' xt and Sx sxtrs^mxtx. 

In cjsstx'kuletxrj, Sxs kom'plEX xn'strumsnt duz not 
kontxn'yu lorj xn wun dxrskf lin, nor xn E'nx partx'ku- 
lur flsbcur, but cencj'xz E'vurx mormsnt Sx an/glz 
formd at Se dx'fursnt qjants, qxc adz gres and vari'xtx 
ts Ss morcunz. Ae farSur E'nx por'cun ov Sxs konr- 
plEX lin xz from Ss sen'tur ov mo'cun, 8s gre'tur spes 
duz xt pas \}rs-,. As lxst mca'cun, Ssr'fcor, xz Sat med 
bi Sx u'pur arm, and Ss gret'Est, Sat med bi 5s hand* ; 
from Sxs surkumstans alcom, Se oJES'CJjrz ov Se la'tur 
ar konspx^kuus. 

In ^sstx'kuletxi], Ss hand haz not con'lx Sx advan'tacj 
ov bx'xrj at Sx sxtrs'mxtx ov Ss lin far'Ssst from 8e 
ssn'tur cv mo'cun ; but, bi mxnz ov Ss cjant at Se rxst, 



02 x> h s c w it . 

xt kan sprxrj wxS xnkrxsf vxkvsxtx on aprofrxrj Sg 
pant ts qx6 8s (jes'crcr xz dxrskt^sd. Axs ak'cun ov Ss 
hand xz turmd Ss stroll ov 8e cjes v 6ur. It cud bx 
markt bi dx'fursnt dxgrxz' ov fors, akord'xrj ts Sx s'nurcjx 
ov 8s ssn^txmsnt. In hi pa'cun, xt cud bx dxstxn/gwxct 
bi a strorj purkircun ; and xn 8s moor mo'duret stet ov 
8s spxk'ur'z fxl'xrjz. mxr'lx bi a turn ov 8s hand*, bi a 
£encj ov poseur, or slxvccun ov 8x arnv, or bi a mo'- 
msntarx arssf ov Ss mo'cun ov 8s (jes'cur xn xts tran- 
sx'junz. 

In ol dxskors', qs'Sur kam or xmpa'cund, 8s wurdz 
and 8s c]ss'6urz cud akunrpanx x6 uSur. Az, xn bxt'xrj 
tim xn mu'zxk, 8s bxt xz med on 8x ak'ssntsd sx'labl ov 
8s ms'jur, so, xn spxbxrj, 8s strcok ov 8s cjes'fojr cud 
fol on 8x ak'ssntsd sx'labl ov Sx smfa'txk wurdv. Ax 
xmocun qx£ kolz forS 8s wurd, at 8s sem mo'msnt, 
promts 8s cjss^ur. ITsns, 8s mu'slz ov cjsstxkule'cun 
cud msv sxnkromuslx and harmo'nxuslx wx8 - Sos 
ov Ss vqs\ Qsn cJ£S'6ur xz not markt bi 8s prxsx'jun 
ov 8s strok, xt xz ofsirsxv. Ax armz, lik 8oz ov a 
pur'sn grop'xrj xn 8s dark, sxm ts won'dur abcpf xn 
kwsst ov sum unsur'txn ofrcjskt ; and 8x ak'cun xz ov 
Sat fol'tx kind qx6 xz kold so'jr/ 8x or\ Xvn gres'ful 
mo'cunz, unmarkt' bi Ss prxsx jun ov 8s strcok ov Ss 
c|ss'£ur, az sum'timz sxn, partx'kularlx amun/ sxiyurz 
on Ss stecj, Isz mu6 ov Sar fors^ and vstx ssn sxs ts 
aford' plsjur. Ql 8x unrnxirxn, mco'cunz ov pub'lxk 
spxk'urz ar atsnd'sd wxS 8s sem xl sfskt' az a mcpS'xrj 
and kant'xr) ton ov dsklame^cun, qx6 lez no snvfasxs 
wxS cjust dxskrxmxnecun, but swelz and folz wxS a 
ven afsktccun ov fxlxrj, and wxS ab'solut dxfx'csnsx 
bo$ ov test and cjucj^msnt. 



1) E S V U R 



93 





.AE KL3.SXFXKECUN OV DESCIJR. 

Ae armz, az wsl az 5s handz, me bx smplad' in cjss. 
txkule'cun, ss'paretlx, or tsgs*5ur, x6 yu'zxn. si'mxlur, 
or dx^sxmxlur ak^cunz. 
X£ arm me purform' si'- 
mxiur gss'£i:rs qsn 5s 
bo'dx ov 5s spxk'ur xz 
prxzsntsd torurd 5s 
pur'sn adrsst' prxsis'lx 
xn frunt^ (Fxg. 92 v ) ; 
but qsn 5s bo'dx xz not 
so prxzsnt'sd, 8s cjss'- 
^urz vvxl not bx sx'mx- 
lur (Fxg. 93) ; and, az 
su£ cjss'£tirz ar not 
gres'ful, 5e ar not frx'kwsntlx v^zd*. 

Ax advans'msnt ov wun hand bxfor 5x u'Sur, xz an 
xndxke'cun ov prxsxd x sns, az xz, ol'so, xts hi'ur slxve v - 
cun. Ax advanst' hand, bsrfcor, xz ssd ts purform' 
8s principal (jevS&r. In cjs'nural, Sx slxve'cun ov 
5s rxtird' arm xz a hoi pozi'cun lco'ur 8an 5at ov 5x 
advanst^ arm* ; and, 5o 5s c)ss'6ttr ov 5s rxtird' hand 
oke'junalx rxzsm'blz 5at ov 5x advanst 7 hand, yst xts 
ak'cun xz purformd' wx5 lss s v nurc]x. For 5xz rx'znz, 
5x ak'cun ov 5s rxtird' hand xz kold 5s subordinet 
(JesJvr. 

" As left hand," sez Kwxntx'lxan, " kan ns'vur, wx5 
propri'xtx, purform' cjss'CL T r alon* ; but xt frx'kwsntlx 
akts xn suporf ov 5s rit v hand*." As konsxdure'cun 
ov 8s drss ov 5x en'csnts, qx6 dx'furd so sssn'calx from 
8at ov 5s mo'durnz, me bx sufx'csnt ts akcpnf for 5s 
dx'fursns bxtwxn' 5or kus'tumz and q>rz>. As drss ov 



94 



X> R S V IT R , 



5x encsnt ©'ratur rxstrend' 8x ak'cun ov 5s left hand 

vsti konsx*durablx. (Sx Fig. 94.) As best mo'durn 
spxk'urz yuz x'8ur 8s rit, or 5s left 
hand, xndxskrx'mxnetlx, for 5s prxn'sx- 
pal cjss'dur, az oke'jun me rxkwin. 

Sum c|ss'6ijrz ar yuzd at 5s bxgxn'xrj 
ov a ssn'tsns, mxrlx ts xn'dxket a ko- 
msns'msnt in ak'cun, az wsl az spx6; 
sum ar yuzd for dxskrxp*cun ; sum, for 
sxplenarj and snfcors'xrj 5s prxdom'i- 
nant idx^a ; sum, for kxp'xrj 5x o'dxsns 
in suspsns' til 8s mar dxsrsxv cjss^urz, 
and sum, for mark'xrj 5s turmxne'cun 
ov 5s ssns, and 5s fi'nal rxzult' ov 5s 

rxznxm Axz ve'rxus cjss'<!:urz me bx dxvidsd xn'ts sax 

klas*xz, nemJx : 




1. Komsns^xrj cjss^urz. 

2. Dxskrx^mxnetxrj c)sSv6urz. 

3. Qgzxhyarx cjss^urz. 



4. Suspsndxrj cjss^urz. 

5. Emfa^txk t]ss^urz. 

6. Turmxnetxrj ^ssv^urz. 



1. Komens'iT) cjes'tvrz ar med sxm'plx bi rez'xn. 5s 
hand from rsst* ; cjs'nuralx, not hi'ur 5an 5s horxzo.ir- 
tal pozxxcun. Ae ar yuzd at 5s bxgxn'xrj, and at 5s 
dxvxjunz, ov a dxskcorsv. 

2. Dxskrx'mineUrj cjes'£vrz komprxhsnd' ol 5coz cjss'- 
£urz qx£ surv ts xn'dxket pur'snz and ob^skts, az wsl 
az 5coz qx£ ar yuzd for sxplen'xrj, sxtsnd'xrj, lx'mxtxn, 
or modxfixrj 5s prxdo'mxnant idxa, and 5oz qx6 ar 
emplad' xn kwss'6un and an'sur, qsn med wx8q>t' vxhx v - 
msns. Ae ar purformd' xn 8x xnturmx'dxet dxgrxz' ov 
8s renc| ov cjss'cur, wx8 mo'duret fcors, and at smol 
xmturvalz. 



X> E S V II R . 95 

3. QgzxVy&rx cjes'tvrz surv ts ed or snfors' 8s cjss'- 
cur ov Sx advanst v hand;. 

4. Suspsnd'irj (Jes'Surz ar so kold bxkoz' Se hold 
Sx o'dxsns xn suspsns', bi Sx slxve'cun or kontrak'cun 
ov Sx arm, prxpa'raturx ts Se strok qx£ xz ts fol on Sx 
smfa'txk wurdv. 

5. Emfa'tik tfes'Srrz mark, wxS fors, wurdz opozd' 
ts, or kompord' \vx8, x6 u v 8ur ; mcor partx'kulurlx, 8s 
wurd qx6 sxprs'sxz 8s prxdom'xnant idx N a. Aor streak 
xz cjs'nuralx arsst'sd on 8s horxzon'tal slxvecun. 
Sum'timz, hcfs'vur, smfa'txk cjss'curz ar dxrsktsd ts 8s 
hi'sst pant xn 8or rencjv ; at u'8ur timz, ts 5s lo^sst. 
Qsn 8e ar dxrskt'sd ts a hi pant, Se ofn surv az sus- 
psnd'xrj, or prxpa'raturx cjss'curz, ts 8s nsxt smfa^txk 
cjss^ur. 

6. TurmxnetiT) cjes'&vrz ar yuzd at 8s klcoz ov a 
ssn'tsns, qsn 8x arm folz ts rest*. 

In 8s fo'loxrj ssn'tsns, 8s cjss'cjojrz for Ss rit v hand, 
oirlx, ar noasd : 

shf — nef — shf st — R 

No man xz wiz at oh timz*. 
horn. susp. emf. tur. 

As furst xz a komsns xi) cjss^m* ; 8s sskund, a sus- 
psnd'xrj cjss v 6i:r ; 8s Surd, an smfa'txk (jss^irr, and 8s 
ford, a tur mxnetxrj c]ss6ur. Cud 8s ssn'tsns bx rsn'- 
durd mor kom'plex bi 8x xntroduk'cun ov u'Sur msm'- 
burz, dxskrx mxnetxrj cJss'£ltz mit bx xntrodust*, 8us v : 

shf— itf— 

It xz an cold obzurve'cun, but not, Ssrfor, 8s Iss 

Jwm. djs. 

xhf n — shk — nef — shf st R 

tru, Sat no man xz wiz at oh timzv. 
dxs. dxs. susp. emf. tur. 



98 JO E S V U R . 

In 8s fo'lcoxn ssn'tsns Ss note'cun ccoz Sat 8s cjss' 
curz ar ts bx purformd' wxS bco£h handz,. 

Bsef sp Bshf p- 



I wud ts Gods Sat not oon'lx 5cp, bat ol'sco 
emf. emf. 
— Ji x ve ] i 

ol 8at hxr mx 8xs de, wsr b&-)& almost' and 
dis. dis. dxs. 

■br—R Bnef Bshf sh R 



oltsgsSur, su£ az I am, sksspt' 8xz bondz 1 . 
dis. emf. susp. emf. tur. 

Axz sxx kla'sxz ov cjss'£j&jrz ar 8x s'lxmsnts ov s'vurx 
stil ov dxlx'vurx, and 8e me bx yuzd xn smx part ov an 
ore v cun. 



PRLP&RECLIN, TR&NSXJIIN, aND aKUMPaNOiENT 
OV JDESCIJR. 

In 8e transxjunz ov cjss'cur, 8s hand and arm cud 
not, xn cjs'nural, bx prxsx'pxtetsd ts 8x xntsnd'sd pcozx'- 
cun bi 8s cortsst korsx; but, xn 8s kam'ur parts ov Sx 
Qre'cun, Se cud msv xn a sort ov wev v xn lin>, or xn 
wan rxturn'xrj upon' xtsslf , sum'qot xn 8s ma'nur rsprx- 
zsnt'sd bi 8s fo'lwxrj diagram : 

k oo 



Lst f rsprxzsnt' 8s pozx'cun ov 8x arm and hand 
forwurd, and lst 8s pies ov 8s nsxt cJss'C^ur bx h (o&- 
lik\) f and ov a Surd bx x x (extended). Ax hand cud 
not, xn cjs'nural, msv xn 8s lin ov dots dxrskt'lx from/ 



JOKSVUR, 



ts k, and from k ts x, but from / go bak olmcosf ts y 
(akros), xn ordur Sat it me tra'vurs 5s grefur spes x , 
and Ssn prosxd' ts k wx8 an akss'luretsd rawcun for 
8s strcok ov Ss cjss^cur. Xn Ss sem ma'nur, and for 8s 
sem pur'pus, it cud rxturn' almost' ts f bxfcor' xt pra- 
sxdz' ts X\. 

Ax assnd'xrj and dxssnd'xrj c|ss'r3urz ar purformd' xn 
Ss sem ma'nur, un'dur sx'mxlur 
sur kumstansxz, qx£ xz con bi 8s z 
di'agram, xn 8s margin, xn qx£ 
Z xz Ss zx'nxd and R Ss pant 
ov restv, and qor Ss hand, xn 
assnd'xrj and dx'ssndxrj, xz rsprx- 
zsnfsd az mekxrj rxturn'xrj xn- 
flek'cunz at Ss prxn'sxpal pants, 
d, h, and £\. 

As lin ov prspare'cun asumz' 
a vari'xtx ov uSur kurvz, for'txn 
ov qx£ ar rsprxzsnt'sd bi Ss di'a- 
gram on Ss fo'loxij perju 

Qots'vur form Sxs xn'dxrskt 
lin me bx, xt xz yuzd az a prs- 
pare'cun for Se cjss'6ur ts qx£ xt lxdz* 
ov Ss rxturn', or dspS ov 8s swxp, xz dxtur'mxnd bi Ss 
ka'raktur ov 5s ssn'txmsnts ts bx dxlx^vurd. As mcar 
magnx'fxssnt 5e ar, Ss gre'tur xz Sxs paredv ; and 5s 
nxr'ur ts or'dxnarx dxskcors', 8s les* xt xz.. 

As prspare'cun med bi Sxz dx'fursnt kurvz, duz not 
sut svurx spx'cxz ov cjes^ur; xt xz adapt'sd ts 8at 
kind qx6 xz turmd (hskrrmxnetiy. Anu'Sur kind ov 
prspare'cun xz med for emfatxk cjes^vrz. Ae ar cjs'- 
nuraix prxsxd'sd bi a suspend jy c|ss v £jjr, qx£ survz 8s 
9 




and Sx sxtsnf 



JO R S V U R 



dubl pur'pus ov markxrj sum lss important wurd, and 
ov prxporxrj for Ss streak ov 5x £mfa^txk cJ£Sx£ur. Xt 
wXl ox r2kolekt'£d 5at rxtrakt'jrj c]£S'6urz ar reknd 
amurj' §£ suspsndarj cj£s^urz. 




In ordur ts ilus'tret qot xz hxr advanst', let xt bx 
supcozd' Sat 8x emfa'txk ctes'iur rxkwirz' a strorj pur- 
ku'cun ov Sx arm, dxssnd'xrj forwurdz, as slif st — ; Se 
preparccun for Sis xz 5e suspsnd'xrj, or prxpa'raturx 
cj£s'£ur, nefbn — , az xn 5e fo'lcoxrj £^aixhpl : 

shf st — 
for mi koz\" Cekspxr. 
susp. emf. 

As fo'lQxrj ar es-am'plz ov prxpa'raturx rxtraldirj 

(J£s^urz : 

vhf rt — vhf rcj — 

"I het 5e drum'z dxskordant sqpnd*." Layhorn. 



nefbn — 
Hxr mx 



JO E s c u R . 99 

2?*^/" rif p x 

" Ts hxr 8e rear ex ssndz \>rs qI hur gets,." Kcppur 

A cjss'fojr akros 1 me ol'so bx yuzd az a prspare'cun 
for rxcjsk'cun, az in Ss fo'leoxrj s^anrpl : 

(J9^5 x rcj — 

" Hs xz hxr sco bes Sat hx wud bx a bondsman 1" 

Ae fo'lcoxn xz an ssranvpl qor Ss prspare'cun xz med 
bi §8 hand assnd'xrj at cort xn'turvalz, xn ordur ts 
mark a sukss'cun ov dxskrx N mxnetxrj cJsS'CLjrz : 

Bphf a vef — 
" I morn 8s prid 

—vef Brief bn Bshfst R 

And av"rxs Sat mek man a wulf ts man*." 

As transx'jun ov cjss'c-ur rxlets' ts 8s ma'nur ov 
ari'vxrj at a cjss'6ur, and ts 8s £enc] xz ov cjss^ur ; and 
xt sxg'nxfiz x'Sur 8s partx'kulur 6entj'xz ov 8s pozx'cun 
ov Ss hand and arm, or 8s (js'nural £encj ov 8s prxn'- 
sxpal cjss'^ur from wun hand ts 8x irSur. 

& js'nural rul for Sx akum'panxmsnt ov cjss'6ur, xn 
kam and moduret spxk'xn, qsn bo& handz ds not pur- 
form' 5s sem (jes'cur, xz, Sat 5s rxtird' arm cud bx 
rezd abept' wun xn'turval Iss San Sx advanst x arm,; 
and 8at, xn 8s transvurs' pozx'cun, xt cud bx dxs'tant 
from xt abept' ts x xmturvalz or a rit arj v gl. Hsns, xf 8s 
rit hand cud purform' Ss prxn'sxpal c]ss '6ur, and Sxs 
cjss'cxir cud bx snpin' elxvet'ed for'wurd, 88 ss'kund 
sst ov neote'eun ls'turz, xn 8s fo'leoxrj skxm, wud sxprss c 
Se akurrrpanxmsnt, Susv : 

■^t^l , (Flg . 38) j and agEn , vhf-pdx 

prxn. ak. v ., , prin. ak v n 7 

Qsn Ss fcors ov Sx Exprs'cun xz strorj, Sx akunrpanxxi) 



100 JO R S V IJ R . 

hand xz x'kwak s'lxvetsd wx8 8c prxn v sxpal, Sus* , 
vhf — vhx. 

AE FRXKWLNSI, MODTIRECUN, OD INTURMKCUN 
O V JD E S C IJ R . 

Az cjss'£ur xz yuzd for 8x xlustre'cun or cnfors'msnt 
ov lan/gwxcj, it cud not, in cjcnural, bx yuzd on e vurx 
wurd qor xt xz po'sxbl ts apli' xt wxScpf ma'nxfsst 
xmproprrxtx; but xt cud ra'8ur bx rxzurvd' for su6 
pa'sx^xz az rxkwir' ts bx rsndurd mcor pro'mxnsnt 8an 
8x irSurz. A cjudx'cus spx'kur, Serfor, wxl rxzurv hxz 
cjss'^ur, at lxst 8s fcors and ornamsnt ov xt, for 8coz 
parts ov hxz dxskcors' for qxc hx rxzurvz' 8s brxl'yansx 
ov lan/gwxcj and Sot. 

In ol dxskcors'xz, 8c frx'kwsnsx ov fjss'6ur wxl bx 
dxturmxnd, xn cjs'nural, bi 8s num'bur, Ss no'vsltx, 
and 8e dxskrxmxne'cun ov idx v az. In s'vurx wsl'- 
konstrukt'sd ssn'tsns, sum nu idx'a xz advanst', qx£ me 
bx markt bi a sut'abl c|sscur ; and, po'sxblx, 8c ve'rxus 
Ixmxtccunz and modxfxke^cunz ov xt wxl olsco admxt' 
ov a sx^mxlur dxstxrjkvcun. 

In a scn'tcns qor cvurx wurd xz cmfa'txk, xc me bx 
markt wx8 a <jes x cur. Scn'tcnsxz ov Sxs kind cjcnuralx 
kondens', xn a smol kum-pus, val'yuabl xnformecun, 
and cud, 8sr'for, bx strorj'lx snfcorst 1 , and markt wx8 
prxsxjun. Ae cud hcpcvur, bx dxlx'vurd dxstxrjkt'lx and 
dxlrbureth, or 8e cjss'^urz wxl konfuz' 8s ssn'txmsnt, 
and kast a dxgrx' ov rxdxkul upom xt, az me bx fcpnd 
bi prcancpns'xrj 8s fo'loxrj sx'rxus obzurve'cun wxo 
dx'fursnt dxgrxz' ov rapxdatx : 

shf — nef — shf st — 
Man xz born ts tru x bl. 



JO E S V 17 R . 101 

Nx'Sur 8x smfa'txk cjss'cur, nor 8s fcors ov 8s vqs' 
ol'wez folz on 8coz wurdz qx£ ar 8s prxnsxpal, xn a 
grama^txkal ssns\ — 8s ncpnz and vurbzx. As cjss^ur 
sum'timz folz on 8s wurd qx£ mo'dxfiz xfr — on 8x a'cjsk- 
txv, qx6 sxprs'sxz 8s kwo'lxtx ov 8s ncpn, or on Sx ad'- 
vurb, qx£ haz a sx'mxlur sfskf upon' 8x ak'cun or 
asurcun ov 8s vurb». 

As sem ncote'cun, aplid' ts a vxhx'msnt pa'sxcj, rx- 
kwirz' 8x arm ts bx rezd hi'ur 8an qsn xt xz aplid' Is 
wun ov a koirtrarx ka^raktur. 

Dss'^ur me bx ssd ts hcold 8s pies ov hi sxznxrj; xt 
must, 8srfcor, bx ma'nxcjd wx8 dxskrs^cun, lsst xt cud 
dxfxf xts con purpusxz, and krxet' dxzgust. If a 
spxk'ur prsvz tru'lx s'lcokwsnt, hx xz cur ov 8s most 
Ix'bural and so'lxd aprcobe*cun. But hx cud not ha # - 
zurd ts muc\ ; hx cud bx gard'sd xn Ss komsns'msnt ov 
hxz dxskcors', and cud rxstren' hxz cjss'6ur xn Ss kam 
and rx'znxn pa'sxcjxz, rxzurvxrj xts fcors and brxl'yaNSX 
for 8x aprco'prxet sxprs'cun ov hxz mcost ur'nsst fxl'xrjz 
and bcold'sst Sots,. Hxz transx'junz from 8s na'ratxv 
parts ts Scoz qx6 ar mcost hi'lx rot, and qx£ rxkwir' hxz 
ut'mcost ss-ur'cunz, cud bx gra'cjual and cjust, and frx 
from sxtra^vagans. 



AE KWOLXTXZ OV JDESCTJR. 

Ae dx'fursnt kwo'lxtxz qx6 kon'stxtut 8s purfsk'cun 
ov cjss'Cur, ar az ftylcoz : 

1. Magnx x fxssns. 5. Sxmplx^sxtx. 

2. Bcoldnss. 6. Gres v . 

3. Jvnurcjx. 7. Prcoprrxtx. 

4. Varrxtx. 8. Prxsxiun. 

9* 



102 JO h S V U R . 

1. Mngnxy/sens ov cjestzjr. Axs xz sfskt'sd bi dx 
tacVxn, 5x El'bco komplxt'lx from 5s bo'dx, and unfcold'Xi] 
§s hcol orato'rxkal W£ N pn. In magnx'fxssnt cjss'iwr, 
Sx ak'cun xz flco'xrj and unkonstrendv ; 5e prspare'cunz 
ar med in gres'ful kurvz N ; 5e transx'junz ar x'zx, and 
fcx akum'panxmEnts, xn ol rxspekts', xlus'tretxv ov 5s 
prxn'sxpal alccun. As mco'cunz ov 5s hsd ar frx v ; and 
5x xnflsk'cunz ov 5s bo'dx, man'lx and dxg v nxfid. Ax 
ak'cun ov 5e lco'ur lxmz xz dxsrsxv, and a konsx'durabl 
spes xz tra'vurst wx5 furnrnss and wx5 fcors v . 

Ax o'pcozxt xmpurfsk'cunz ar cort and konstrend* 
(Jes^urz, rxcjx'dxtx ov 5e (joints, and stxfnss ov 5s bo'dx, 
wx5 cort steps, and dcpt'ful or tx^mxd msv^msnts. 

2. Bold'nes ov cjes^ur. Axs ari'zxz from Sat eIx- 
ve'tcd ku'rxc] and self-kon'fxdens qxc ven'^nrz ts ha'zurd 
s'nx ak'cun, hcps'vur unyujual, qx£ xz produkt'xv ov a 
grand or strik'xrj Efskt. Xn 5xs sort ov cjES'dur, unsx- 
pekt'gd pcozx'cunz, slxve'cunz and transx'junz, surpriz' 
at wuns bi 5or no'vsltx and gres v , and 5us xlus'tret or 
snfcors' 5x idx'az ov 5e spxk'ur wx5 xrxzxst'xbl cfekt*. 

Ax o'pcozxt xmpurfek'cun xz terrenes. 

3. E'nurcjx ov cjesdur. Axs konsxsts' xn 5s furm'- 
nss and dxsx'jun ov 5s hcol alocun ; and xn 5s prxsxjun 
ov 5e streak ov 5s cjss'^ur, qx6 edz 5x sm'fasxs ov 5s 
vcis*. 

Ax o'pcozxt xmpurfsk'cunz ar fx'blnss and xndxsx x jun. 

4. Yarvxtx ov tfes.Szir. Axs konsxsts' xn 5x aplxkc- 
cun ov dx'fursnt, but aprco'prxet, cjss'^irrz ts 5s sem, or 
ana'lagus, ssn^txmsnts, sco az ts avad' rxkur'xrj ts frx'- 
kwsntlx ts wun fe'vurxt cjss'^ur, or sst v ov cjss^urz. 

Ax o'poazxt xmpurfsk'cun xz mcono^tconx ov cjss^ijr, 
ana'lagus ts 5at ov 5s vqs*. 



JO h S V, U R . 103 

5. Sxmplrsitx ov tfesdvr. Axs xz su£ a ka'raktur 
ov (jss'Cur az apxrz' 8s natural rxzulf ov 5s sx6ue'cun 
and ssn^txmsnts. 

Ax o'pozxt xmpurfsk'cun xz afskte^cun. 

6. Gres' ov cjes^vr. Axs xz 8s rxzulf ov ol u'8ur 
purfskcunz, and ari'zxz from a dxg'nxiid sslf-pozs'cun 
ov mind*, and 8s pcpr ov pur'snal s^urcun, prak'txst 
xn'ts fasx'lxtx aftur 8s bsst mo'dslz, and akord'xrj ts 
tru test. A mcor partx'kulur akcpnt' ov gres wxl bx 
gxvn hxraf tur. 

Ax o'pozxt xmpurfsk'cun xz obwurdnss. 

7. Prcjprvjti ov tfes^vr, kold ol'sco trv& ov cjes^vr, 
or natural eJ£S>6ur. Axs konsxsts- xn 8s cjjoidx'cus yus 
ov cjss'6urz bsst sut'sd ts xlus'tret or ts sxprss' 8s ssn K - 
txmsnt. Propri'/ti ov cjss'6ur xz cjs'nuralx fcpndsd on 
sum natural konsk'cun bxtwxn' 8s ssn'txmsnt and 8x 
ak v cun. Sxgnxfik&nt cjss'curz ar strxkt'lx konskt'sd 
wx5 8s ssn^txmsnt. 

Ax o'pozxt xmpurfsk'cunz ar fols, kontradxkfurx, or 
unsufabl cJss v 6jltz. 

8. Prxsijun or horekfrnes ov cjes^vr. Axs ariz'xz 
from 8s cjust prspare'cun, 8s du fears, and 8s korskf 
tim'xrj ov 5x ak v cun: qen Ss prspare'cun xz nx'Sur ts 
mu6 abrxejd', nor ts pom'puslx dxspled* ; qsn Ss strcok 
ov 8s fjss'6ur xz med wxS su6 a dxgrx' ov fcors az SLits 
5s ka'raktur ov 8s ssmtxmsnt ; and qsn xt xz korskt'lx 
markt on 8s prxsis' sx'labl ts bx snfeorst. Prxsx'jun ov 
cjss'6ur gxvz 8s sem sfskt' ts ak'cun, az nxt'nss ov 
artxkule'cun gxvz ts spxc*. 

Ax o'pcozxt xmpurfsk'cunz ar Sx xndxsx'jun, unsur'- 
txntx, and xnkorsktnss ariz'xrj from veg and so xrj cjss'- 
6urz, qx£, far from xlus'tretxrj, rsn'dur dept'ful 8s ssns 
ov 8s ssn'txmsnts, and dxstrakf 8s mind ov 8s hxnur. 



104 JD E S V U R . 

AE STIL OV JDESCIJR SXJTED TK DXFURENT MQDZ 
OV PUBLUC SPXKXIJ. 

Aor ar Orx c]s'nural mcodz' ov pub'lxk spxk'xrj, x6 
ov qx6 rxkwirz' a dx'fursnt stil ov cjss^ur, nemJx : 

1. Ax Ivpxk. 2. As Rxtorxkal. 3. As Kolco kwxal. 

1. E'pxh cJes'Sur dxmandz' s'vurx natural and 
akwird' pcpr, on Ss part ov 8s spxk^ur: ts xt bxlorj' 
Magnx'fxssns, Bcold'nss, L'nurcjx, Vari'xtx, Sxmph'sxtx, 
Gres, Prcopri'xtx, and Prxsx jun. As kompcozx'cunz qx6 
rxkwir' s'pxk ^ss'6ur, xn dxlx'vurx, ar tra'cjxdx, spxk 
pco'xtrx, lxr'xk odz, and sublim' dxskrxpcun. 

2. Rxtor'ik&l cjzs'tvr rxkwirz', prxn'sxpalx, L'nurcjx, 
Vari'xtx, Sxmplx'sxtx, and Prxsxjun. 

3. Kolcj'liwjal c/es'tvr, xn 8s hi'ur sxnz ov pcolit' lif, 
rxkwirz' Sxmph'sxtx, Prxsx'jun, and Gres% and, oke'- 
junalx, L'nurcjx and Variatx. 

As c]ss'£ur ov Ss pub'lxk spxk'ur must ve'rx konsx'- 
durablx wxS Ss dx'fursnt surkumstansxz ov hxz sx6iie'- 
cun, ov hxz ssn'txmsnts, and ov hxz cydxsns. If 5s 
mxr xnstrukcun ov hxz o'dxsns bx hxz scol ob'cjskt, az 
qsn Sx s'vxdsnsxz ov rxlx'cjun and 8s grcpndz ov Krxs- 
can du'txz ar ts bx sxplend' from 8s pul'pxt, or qsn 8s 
dx'telz ov kalkule'cun and fl'nans ar ts bx led bxfcor' 
Korj'grss, or qsn fakts ar wed and loz ar ar'gud xn 
kcorts ov cjust'xs, hxz c]ss'6urz cud bx ov Sat klas qxc" 
xz kold dxskrrmmetjT) cjss^urz. Axz hx cud sx'ursiz 
wxS sxmplx'sxtx and prxsx x jun. Hx cud strxp 8em ov 
ol 8s pared' ov prspare'cun, and ov 8s gres'xz ov 
transxjun, and gxv 8sm Sat dxgrx' ov vari'xtx conlx, 
qx6 cal gard Ssm agsnsf dxzgust'xrj serines. Axs xz 
far rxmsvd' from Sxa'trxkal cjss^ur ; xt ra'Sur aprcod'xz 



JD I', S V 11 R . 105 

§8 kolco'kv.aal stih Nu'Oxn kud bx mcor xnkorj'gruus 
San for a pub'lxk spxk'ur, xn x'8ur ov Ss fcorgco'xrj 
sxiuccunz, ts xntrcodus- §8 pared' and magnx'fxssns ov 
9xa v trxkal cjss^ur. Ae £arcj qx6 xz sum'timz med 
agsnst' pub'lxk spxk'urz, ov bx'xrj Qxa'trxkal xn 8or 
dss'cxjr, pro'bablx ariz'xz mcor from sum unsut'ablnss 
xn Sor ma'nur ts 8s ma'tur, 8an from 8'nx Sxrj ov un- 
ko'mun ma'cjsstx, bcold'nss, or gres, xn 8or ak.cun. 

Qsn 8e pub'lxk spxk'ur emz at purswe'jun, az xn 
dxskcors'xz from §8 pul-pxt for pub'lxk 6anxtxz, or on 
extror'dxnarx oke'junz xn Korj'grss, or at 8s bar, qen 
8x ad'vcoket dxzirz: ts xn'flusns Sx copxn'yunz ov a cjti'rx, 
hx wxl na'6uralx yuz mcor gres'ful, mcor flco'xn, and 
mcor ve v rxd cjes>cx T r. But hx cud not fol xn'ts Sx ak'cun 
ov 8s Oratur. Hx me bx gres'ful, but hx cud bx sxnrpl ; 
hx me bx snurc|s'txk, but hx cud not yuz (Jss'c-urz ts 
stroq'lx sxgnxTxkant, mu£ lss atsmt' surpriz 1 bi a x tx- 
tudz. Ql hxz cjss'^urz cud bx rs'guletsd bi man'lx 
dxkco rum, sut'abl ts hxz sxcxe'cun, ts 8s ka'raktur ov 
hxz hxr'urz, and ts 8s cjust sxprs'cun ov hxz ssn*tx- 
msnts. 



SXGNXFXK?V.NT DESCURZ. 

Sxgni'fikant cjes'tzsrz ar strxkt'lx konskt'sd wx8 8s 
ssn v txmsnt ; 8s mcost xmpor'tant ar 8s fo'lcoxn. : 

Ae Heel and Fes. 

Ax xrskt' and natural pos'6ur ov Ss hsd dxneots* 
koirfxdsns. 

As harj'xrj depn ov Ss hsd sxprs'sxz larj'gur, humx'lxtx 
dx'fxdsns, cem, or grxf . 

As Srco'xrj xt bak dxneots' ku'rxcj, prid', or a N r&3gans. 



106 JO E S 13 U R . 

Ae nod for'wurd xmpliz' asEnt. 
As cek'xrj 8e hsd, dxssntx. 
Ae hed xz avurt'sd in dxslik', and xn ho x rur. 
It xz hsld for'wurd xn at£n cun. 
Ax xnklxne'cun ov 8s hed ts wun sid xmpliz dx'fx 
dens, or lan/gur. 

Ax Iz. 

Ax iz ar rezd, xn pran. 

Ae wxp xn soto. 

Ae burn xn arj v gur. 

Ae ar kast dcpn or avurt'sd, xn cem, and xn grxf. 

Ae ar kast on ve'kansx, xn {k)t». 

Ae ar kast xn ve'rxus dxrek'cunz, xn dq>t and arjzrxtx. 

Ax Handz. 

Ae ples'xrj ov 8s hand on 8s hsd xn'dxkets pen, or 
dxstresw 

On 8x iz, cem, or soj*q. 

On Se lxps, an xncjurjk'cun ov srlsns. 

On 8e brEst, an apxl' ts kon v csns. 

As hand xz wevd or flu'rxct, xn cjcx, and xn kontsmt,. 

Bo& handz ar held supin', or 5e ar aplid', or klaspt, 
xn pror. 

Bco& ar hsld pron, xn bl£s,xrj. 

Ae ar klaspt or run, xn aflxkeun. 

Ae ar hsld for'wurd, and rxsxvd' xn frsnd\cxp. 

Ae Bodx. 

Ae bo'dx, hsld xrskt', xn'dxkets sts'dxnss and kirrxej. 
0ron bak, ho^txnES. 

Inklin'xrj for'wurd, kondxssn'cun, kompa'eun, rs'vur- 
sns, or rxspskt. 

Pros'tretsd, 8x utmost humx'lxtx and abes x msnt. 



JO E S C U R . 107 

Ae Lour Limz. 
As furm pwzx'cun ov Ss lca'ur lxmz sxg'nxftz furm'nss 
ku'rxc], or ob v stxnasx. 

Bsnd'sd nxz xn'dxket wxk'nss, or txmx x dxtx. 

As lo'ur lxmz advans 7 , xn dxzir 7 and xn ku\rxcj. 

Ae rxtir 7 xn avur'cun, and xn fxr v . 

Ae start, xn tsrur. 

Ae stamp, xn odo'rxtx, and xn aiygur. 

Ae nxl, xn submx'cun, and xn pron. 



KOMPLEX SXGNXFXKfAIVT JDESCJJRZ. 

Kom'plex Signi'filiant JDes'Svrz ar kombxne'cunz 
ov sxnrpl sxgnx'fxkant cjss'6urz, ve'rxuslx asorcxetsd 
akord'xrj ts 8s mxn'glsd pa'cunz qx£ Se rsprxzsnt x . As 
bold'sst and most magnx'fxssnt ov 8sm ar turmd a x tx- 
tudz. Konvplsx sxgnx'fxkant (Jes'^ltz ar emplad', 
6xf lx, xn drama'txk 
rsprxzsnte x cun. As 
fo'lcoxrj ar ss^anvplz 
ov 8xs Idas ov cjssv- 
£urz : 

Rxprcjt 1 puts on 
a sturn x as x pskt : 8s 
brcp xz kontrakt v sd, 
8s Ixp xz turnd up 
wx8 skorn x , and 8s 
hcol bo'dx xz sx- 
prs'sxvov avurcun. 
Fxg. 95 rsprxzsnts' 95 96 

Kwxn Ka'Sarxn, xn 8s trial sxn, xn 8s pie ov Hsn'rx 
VIIL, rxprcod'xrj Wul'zx for 8x xn'cjurxz qx6 had bxn 
hxpt x upon* hur . 




108 



JO h s V 11 R 



^Lprxheu'cun xz Ss pros'pskt ov fu'^ur x'vl akum'- 
panxd wxS unx'zxnes ov mind,. Fxg. 96 xz an E^an^pl 
It rsprxzsnts' Ham'let xn Sx akt ov sxklem'xi], "Ax 
Sor'z Se rub,." 

Tcrur eksits' Se pur'sn hs su'furz un'dur xt, ts avoid 
Ss dred'ed ob'cjskt, or ts sskep x from xt. If xt bx sum 
deivcjurus rsptxl on Ss grcpnd, and vs'rx nxr, Sx Exprc 





97 98 

cun xz rsprxzsnt'sd bi start'xrj bak and luk'xrj d(pir- 
wurd. (Fxg. 97.) If Ss den'cjur Srstn from a dxs'- 
tans, Se tE'rur ariz'xrj xz sxprsst' bi luk'xrj for'wurd, 
and not start'xrj bak, but mxr'lx stand'xrj xn 8s rxtird' 
pozx^cun. But xf Se drsd ov xmpEnd'xrj ds9 from Se 
hand ov an s'nxmx awe'kn Sxs pa'cun, Se kqvurd flizv. 
Fxg. 98 rsprxzsnts' tE'rur az dxskribd' bi Ensk. It xz 
Sat ov a man alarmd' bi lifnxrj and Sun^dur. Hx 
ku'vurz hxz iz wxS wun hand, and sxtEndz' Sx u'Sur 
bxhind v hxm, az xf ts word of Ss drsd'sd strok. 

Mvurcun xz Exprssf bi ts x cJ£S N £urz : furst, Sx i xz 
dxrekt'sd to'urd Sx ob'cjskt, Se bak ov Se hand aprwfrxz 
Se fes, and Ss hsd xz bsnt to'urd Ss hand* (fig. 99) * 



D E S C U R . 



109 



se'kandh, Ss pam ov 5s hand xz puct twurd Sx ob v c|skt, 
Ss hsd xz dron bak, and 8s fes avurtsd (fig. 100). 





Horur, qx6 xz avur'cun or asto'nxcmsnt mxrj'gld 
wxS ts'rur, xz ssl'dum ke'pabl ov rxtrxfxrj, but rxmenz 
xn wun a'txtud, wxS 8x iz rx-vxtsd on Sx ob'cjskt, Sx 
armz, wxS Ss handz vur'txkal, held 
for'wurd ts gard Ss pursn, and 5s 
hoi frem trsnrblxrj. (Fxg. 101.) 

Lisn/r/ xn ordur ts obten' 8s 
cursst xnforme'cun, furst kasts Sx 
i kwxk'lx xn 5x ape'rsnt dxrsk'cun 
ov 8s scpndz v ; xf nu'Sxrj xz sxn, Sx 
xr xz turnd torurd 8s pant ov sx- 
psktecun, 8x i xz bsnt on vekansx, 
and 8x arm xz sxtsnd'sd, wxS 8s 
hand vurtxkal ; but ol 8xs pa'sxz 
xn a mormsnt. If 5s scpndz pro- 
sxd' from dx'fursnt pants at 8s sem tim, bco§ handz ar 
hsld up, and 8s fes and iz 6encj alturnetlx from wun 
sid ts 8x u'Sur, wxS a rapx'dxtx gu'vurnd bi 8s ne'6ur 
10 




110 



JO E S V 11 R . 



ov 5s scpncL ; if it bx alarm'in, wi5 trspide'cun ; if 
plxz'irj, wi5 cjsn^tl mcovcun. Fig. 102 rsprizsnts' li' 
smrj fxn. 





102 103 

Jftdmire'cun, if ov surcpnd'irj natural ob'cjskts, ov 
a plxz'irj kind, holdz bco$ handz vurtikal and akros*, 
and Sen msvz 5sm cpt'wurd ts 5s peozreun sxtsnd*sd, 
az in fxg. 103,. In admxre'cun ariz'irj from sum sx- 
trordxnan or unsxpskt'sd surkumstans, 5s handz and 
iz ar su'dmli rezd ts 5s pcozi'cun E'hveted forwurd. 

Venure'cun kros'iz 
5s handz on 5s brsst, 
kasts depn 5x iz slo'li, 
and befz 5s hsd, az 
in fxg, 104. 

Deprike'cun ad- 
vans'iz in 5x sxtsnd'- 
sd pozx'cun ov 5s fxt, 
aprco£'xrj ts nx*lirj, 
klasps 5s handz fcor- 
104 105 sibli tsgs'Sur, and 

forks ur'nsstli ts 5s pur'sn xmplcord*. (Fxg. 105.) 




JO ft S C IJ R 



in 



In apxl'xrj ts hevn, 8s rit hand xz led on Ss brsst, 
and 8s left, prcocjskt'sd svpbv up'iourd ; 8x iz ar farst 
dxrskt'sd forwurd, and Sen up^wurd. 
(Fig. 106.) 

In apxl'xrj ts lion'cens, Ss rit hand 
xz led on 8s brest, §8 left drops bi Ss 
sid, and 8x iz ar fxxt upon' 8s pursn 
adrsst. (Fxg. 80, pecj 82.) Sunr- 
timz b&-)& handz ar aplid' ts 8s brsst. 

Cem xn 8x extrxm' sxrjks on 8s nx, 
and ku'vurz 8x iz wx8 bcod handz*. 
(Fig. 107,.) 

Mild rezxgne'cun folz on 8s nx, 
kros'xz Sx armz on 8s brsst, and luks 
forwurd and Ssn upnvurd. (Fxg. 108.) 106 

Rezxgne'cun mxxt ioxS dsspure'cun, standz xrskt' 
and unmsvd v , w t x8 8s hsd Sron bak, 8x iz turnd up'- 





wurd and fxxt, and 8x armz krost. A fin xn'stans xz 
sxn xn fxg. 109 v , from an a'txtud ov Mrs. Sx^dnz. 

Grxf ariz'xrj from swdxn and aflxkl'xy *nt£'lxcJ£n$ 



1.12 



JD fc S V 11 R 



ku'vurz Sx iz wx8 wun hand, advans'xz for'wurd and 
Orcoz bak 8x u'Sur hand^ (Fxg. 110, and fxg. 81, 
pe<3 82.) 





109 



110 



£Lt£n'cun dxmand'iy silens apliz' 8s fxn'gur ts Ss 
kpsv, (Fxg. 82, pec| 82.) 

Dxhbure'cun on ar'dinarx sub'cjelds hcoldz Ss 6xn, 
and sets Sx arm a-kxnrhco. (Fxg. 84, pecj 82.) 

Sdf-sufx'censx fcoldz 8x armz». (Fxg. 48, pec| 76.) 

Prid Orcoz bak Ss bo'dx, and hcoldz Ss hsd hu. 

Amuq' Ss riturz hb T hav trxt'sd partx'kularlx ov sxg- 
nx'fxkant cjss'^Lirz, nun hav rxtn wxS gre'tur xncjxnu'xtx 
San Erjvd. Wx wxl, Ssr'for, bo'ro a fu s^anrplz from 
hxm* : 

Surpriz' koz'xz 8s bo'dx and 8s lco'ur Ixmz ts rxtir, 
and afsk'cun stx'mulets Ss pursn te advansw Fxg. Ill 
rsprxzsnts' Frs'durxk de Ris, xn a JDurman pie, bs 
unsxpskt'sdlx sxz hxz dxr frsnd*. Hx \vx8droz', xn sur- 
priz', hxz bo'dx and lorur lxmz, and, xn 8x ar'dur ov 
frsnd'cxp, xmx'dxatlx strstvxz for'wurd hxz armz x . 

Qsn 8s Oots flco wxScpf dx'fxkultx or opazx'cun, 88 



JO E S "C L* R . 



113 



nvsvmsnt ov 8e Ixmz xz frx and dxrskt. But qsn 
dx'fxkultxz okur', or obstaklz ar dxsku'vurd, a man 
X'Sur arssts' hxz ak'cun sntir'lx, or cencj'xz xt te sunv- 




111 112 

&xn oltegs'8ur drfurent. Ac dxrsk'cun ov hxz iz, and 
8x ak'cun ov hxz hsd, ar ol'sco, un'dur sxm'xlur sur'- 
kumstansxz, kwit obturd. Ax iz, xn'stsd ov nravxn, 
frx'lx from ob'cjskt te ob'cjskt, bxkum' fxxt v ; and Ss hsd 
xz Orcon dcpn, or baki. Az an sg-am'pl ov 8xz sfekts', 
En/sl rxfurz' tn a sxn xn a pie ov Ls^sxn, xn qx6 an old 
cjsn'tlman xz ve'rx mu£ puzld hep in ma'nxcj, xn a sx£jcj- 
e'eun ov gret dx'fxkultx and ds v lxkasx. In Ss komens'- 
ment ov hxz dxlxbure'cunz, hx xz reprxzsnfsd az xn 
fug. 112*; and, xn 8s nsxt px'rxud ov 8sm, az xn fxg. 



Mclankoli xz a fx'bl and pa v sxv afskveun. It xz 
atsndsd bi a twtal rxlaxe'cun ov 8s mu'slz, wx8 a 
mut and tran'kwxl rszxgne^cun. As ka'raktur, sxtur- 
nalx, xz lan/gur, wxScpf mco^cun, 8s hsd xnklind' Vs 5s 
" sid nsxt 8s hart," 8x iz turnd upon' xts ob'cjskt, or, 
xf 8at xz ab'ssnt, fxxt upon' 8s grcprui, 8s handz han/xi) 
10* 



114 



J) h s v,u It . 



dcpn bi Sor on wet, wxScpf s'fort, and cjcxnd lss'lx 
txge^Sur. (Fxg. 114.) 

Jhjzi'jLtJL xz ov a dx x furgnt ka v raktur: it xz rest'ks 
and alotxv ; Sx i xz fxld wxS fir, Ss brx'Sxrj xz kwxk v , Se 
hed xz Orcon bak, and Se bo'dx, extended. (Fxg. 1 15%.) 




114 115 116 

Wim ov Se koz'xz ov Liyel'z (jss'curz ov ana'lcxjx, 
az, az hx obzurvz', Se dxspozx'cun ov Se mind te rxfur' 
xntckk'^wal idx'az Vs Exturnal obxjskts. Qen kxrj Lxr 
rekokkts' Ss bar'barus trxt'msnt ov hxz do'turz,lrs, xn 
a storm'x nit, had expcozd' hxz hco'rx h^cl tx Sx xnkle'- 
mensx ov Se ws'Sur ; and qsn hx Exkleinz', 

Q ! Sat we mad^nss liz* ; let mx cun Sat ;. 

Nco mor ov Sat, 

Sor xz not, xn rxa'lxtx, E'nx sxtur'nal ob'cJEkt from qxc" 
Sxs unha'px prxns cud avurt' hxz iz wxS ho'rur ; and 
yet hx turnz hxz hsd awe' tx Se sid opozxf Sat te qxc 
xt woz dxrfc'kt'fcd bxfcor, snde'vurxn, az xt wer, wxS hxz 
hand rxvurst', tb T ba'nxc Sat aflxktxrj rEkokk^cun. 
(Fxg. 116*.) Ae kuts on Se ftylcoxrj pecj ar a'txtudz ov 
Mrs. $x*dnz. 



X> E S V IJ R 



115 





117 118 

S *Z sp — pdx 

Wzrt Sep Se sun ov JQirpxtur. (Fig. 117.) 

11 xZ sp — xdx si if — 

Ai.s arm cal vxn'dxket a fa^Sur'z koz*. (Fig. 118.) 





119 120 

U Bid eb 
9l wx'dco kriz, Bx huz'bund t^ mx, hs^vn. (Fxg. 119.) 

Rl 
D Bid ef 11 hek bn—Mx 

Pxtx and forgx^vnss. (Fxg. 120.) 
aRiK 



116 DESCIJR. 

Ilxmarlts. 

As sxgni'fxkant cjes'6urz, hcps'vur nu'murus and 
korskf, qx£ a gret akfur meks in 8x sntir rsprxzsnte'- 
cun ov a drama'txk ka'raktur, bar but a smol pro- 
porcun ts Ss num'bur ov Soz fjss'6urz qx6 dx not 
bxlorj' te Sis klas, and qx6 ar nco lss ns'ssssrx, 8o Se 
ar not sq splsn'djcd and xmpcozxn. As pent'ur xz 
struk wiS Ss bcold'sst and fi'nsst ov 8s sxgni'fxkant 
cjss'curz, qx£ ar kold a'txtudz, and hx rxkordz' Ssrn . 
Ae ar 8s pro'pur ob'cjskts ov hxz arts ; 8e ar strik'xq, 
and lss svans'ssnt 8an 8x u'8ur cjss^urz. As lss pro'- 
mxnsnt cjes'£urz, hcps'vur, gxv tK 8s dsklame'cun its 
prxsx'jun and fcors* : a slit morcun ov 8s hsd, a glans 
ov 8x i, a turn ov 8s hand, a cjudi'cus poz, or an xn- 
turup'cun ov c|ss'6iir, or a 6enc] ov prazx'cun xn 8s fxt, 
ofn xlu'mxnets 8s mxn'irj ov a pa'sic], and ssndz xt, ful 
ov \vorm3 and lif, xn'ts 8x undurstandarj. And 8s 
purfsk'cun ov cjss'cur, xn a tracjx'dian, wxl bx fcpnd tK 
konsist' mor xn Ss skxl'ful ma'nicjmsnt ov 8s lss cco'x 
ak'cun, 8an xn 8x sxhxbx'cun ov 8s fi'nsst atitudz. 
A'titudz ar deircjurus ts ha v zurd : 8s hoi pcp'urz ov 8s 
individual must bx rot up tx Sor hi'sst s nurcji, or 8e 
bxkunv fcorst and frrcjid. Lk'sslsnt ple'urz hav bxn 
sxn, h^ hav ssl'dum vsn'£urd an a'txtud; but nun, 
dxzurvxrj 8s nem ov sk'sslsns, hav s'vur apxrd', hsz 
dsklame'cun haz bxn dxfx'csnt xn prxsx'jun, or prco- 
prriti. Qar ol Ss so'lxd fcpnde'cun ov cjust and aprcr- 
prxet ak'cun haz bxn led, a'txtud, qsn rs'guletsd wx8 
test and dxskrs'cun, me bx a'dsd t^ ornament 8e su 
purstruk^ur ; but, qsn xt xz xntrodust' unsx'znablx, or 
izcovur£arcjd', xt xz an s'vxdsns ov dxfx'csnsx ov undur- 
stand'xrj, az wsl az ov dxpra'vxtx ov tests. 



JOES CUR. 117 

Ai. GRES OV RXTORXK&L 1KCUN. 

" Gres," sez lord Kemz, " me bx dxfind', Sat agrx'- 
abl apxrans qx£ ariz'xz from e'lxgans ov mwcun, and 
from a kcpn'txnans expres'xv ov dxg v nxtx. Lxpre'cunz 
ov u'Sur men'tal kwo'lxtxz ar not esen'cal te Sat apxr'- 
ans, but Se hit'n xt gret^lx." 

Ae gres'fulnes ov rxtorxkal ak'cun dxpendz' part'lx 
on 8e pur'sn, and part'lx on Se mind*. Sum ar so 
ha'pxlx formd Sat ol Sar mo'cunz ar gres^ful ; 

" Gres woz xn ol hur steps*, hevn xn hur i v ; 
In e'vurx ak'cun, dxg'nxtx and luv*. Mtfrtun. 

and sum mindz ar sco noo'bl, Sat Se xmparf rjeiryuxn 
gres te Se moost unkb'S' formz, ; bcod Sxz kes'xz, h(pe'- 
vur, ar kompa'ratxvlx ran. 

Gres, lik Sx idx'al bu'tx ov Se pent'ur, and ov Se skulp'- 
tur, xz sel'dum f([nd xn Sx xndxvx'cjual lxvxrj mo'del, but 
te bx kolekt'ed from Se ve'rxus ek'selensxz ov Se me v nx. 

Nx'Sur tru gres nor konsu'met e lokwens kan bx 
akwird' bi Scoz hs ar twtalx dxfx'cent xn natural kwo- 
lxfxke^cunz ; yet Se te hb T m ne'CLT haz not dxnid' sum 
por'cun ov ta'lents, me xmprev xn bco\} v , prxsis'lx xn 
proopcorcun te Se dxgrx' ov Sar aplxke v cun. 

Ae gres ov orato'rxkal ak'cun konsxsts', 6xflx, xn Se 
fasx'lxtx, Se frx'dum, Se vari'xtx, and Se sxmplx-sxtx ov 
Scoz cjes'curz qxc xlus'tret Se dxskcorsv. 

Akcun, tK bx gres'ful, cud bx purformd' wxS fasx'- 
lxtx ; bxkoz' Sx apxr'ans ov gret e'feort xz xnkompa'txbl 
wxS xz', qx£ xz a konstx'6uent ov gres*.. It cud ol'sco 
bx purformd' wxS frrdum: noo cjescjjrz kan bx gres'- 
ful, qxc" ar x'Sur konfind' bi extur'nal surkumstansxz, 
or rxstrend' bi Se mind*. If an o'ratur cud adres' an 
asenvblx from a na'rco wxivdco, xt wud bx jn ven for 



118 JOESCLIR. 

lum ts atsmf gres'ful ^es^ur. Konfin'msnt in s'iu 
lss' dxgrr xz prcopcorcunabli ihcJutius tn gres v . Aus 
Ss krcpd'sd kcorts v , qi£ impxd' 8s mco'cunz ov Sx adVo- 
ket, and Sx snklGozd' pulpit, qx6 not unfrx'kwentlx 
konsxlz' mcor San haf 5s prx'6ur'z fx v gur, ar x'kwali 
xncju'rius tx gres'ful akcun — Grxs, Ss ne'txv sal ov 
man'li s'lokwsns and tru test, woz not Sx orx'cjxnetur 
ov &e pvhpxt. 

As rxstrenf ariz'irj from dx N fxdsns xz ol'so prscjudi'- 
cal te gresv. It haz, hcps'vur, Sxs' advan^ac] — xt me 
bx sfsk'£ualx korskt'sd bi pursivxrans. 

For 8s men'tenans ov gres, xn reto'rxkal ak'cun, va- 
ri'xtx xz xndxspsn sabl. Ax xture'cun ov 8s sem cjss'6ur, 
or sst ov cjss'6urz, hcps'vur gres'ful xn 5smsslvz', bxtrez' 
a po vurtx ov rxscars' qx6 xz prscjudx'cal ts 8s spxLur. 

Simplrsiti and tru& ov ma'nur, xf Se ds not kon'- 
stxtut gres xn Ssmsslvz v , ar inss^parabl from it. JDss'- 
£urz qi£ ar man'ifsstli kontrivd' for Ss mxr dxsple' ov 
Ss pursn, or for Sx sxhxbi'cun ov sum fop'un, az, for 
iirstans, a fin nrj, xn'stantli ofsnd^ 

Ts simplrsxti ov cjss'6ur iz opcozd' afskte^cun, qx6 
dxstraz' s'vun prxtsn'eun te cjsn'yuxn gresv. As mor 
cqi 8s cjss'cijrz ar, unlss' 8e ar adapt'sd t¥ 8s sub'cjskt, 
and t^ Ss ka'raktur ov 8s spxk'ur, Ss mor ds Se 
ofsnd' Ss dudx'cus bi Sar man'xfsst afskte^cun. Qsn 
Ss pro'ilxgat spxks ov pi'iti, Ss mi'zur ov cjsnuro'sxtx, 
Ss kcp'urd ov va'lur, and Ss korupt' ov intsg'nti, Se 
ar on'li Ss mar dxspizd' bi Soz \rs na x Ssnh. 

As folts ov ma'nur ar ana'lcogus t^ Scoz ov karak- 
tur, and olmosf az dizgusMrj : su6 az Sx asum'cun 
ov dxg'mti qor 8ar iz nun in Ss ssmtimsnt; pe'Sos 
qor Sor iz nu'Qirj imtursstirj ; vxhx'msns xn tri flz, and 
solsm'nxti upon' ko'mun-ples suKc|ekts. 



JDESUIJR. IVi 

h xz an obzurve'cun fcpnd'ed xn fakt x , Sat Sx ak'cun 
ov yui] cxl'dren xz ne'vur dxfx'cent xn gres^; for qx6 ts 
rx'znz me bx asind v — furst, bxkoz' Se ar un'dur no 
rxstrent' from dxTxdens, and Ser'for yuz Sor cjes'CLTz, 
wxS ol sxnse'rxtx ov hart, on'lx tx ed Sx exprs'cun ov 
Sor 9ots v ; and, SE'kundlx, bxkoz' Se hav fu idx'az ov 
xmxte'cun, and kon'sxkwsntlx ar not dxprivd' ov natu- 
ral gres bi afekte^cun, nor purvurt'ed bi bad modelz. 

As gres ov ak'cun, akord'xrj tb r Hogar&, konsxsts' 
xn m^v'xrj Se bo'dx and lxmz xn Sat kurv qx£ hx kolz 
Se lin ov birtx. Qen ak'cun xz konsx'durd xndxpend'ent 
ov lan/gwxc] and sen'txment, Sxs defxnx'cun wxl, pur- 
haps', bx fcrnd cje'nuralx korekt. Rxtorxkal ak'cun, 
hcfe'vur, dxrivz' xts gres, not on'lx from Sx ak'cual 
mo'cunz ov Se spxk'ur, but ol'so from Se kongru'xtx 
ov hxz mo'cunz wxS hxz con ka'raktur and sxcue cun, 
az wel az wxS Se sen'txments qx£ hx dxlxvurz. As 
dxg'nxtx qx£ xz a bxkum'xrj gres xn a rjucj, wud bx kwent 
afekte cun xn a yurj ad'voket ; and Se kolokwxal fa- 
mxlyxa'rxtx ov ak'cun, x'vn ov Se most po'hct sosrxtx, 
wud bx hilx xnde'korus xn Se pulpxt. Hens, xt must 
bx admxt'ed' akord'xrj ih Se cjust max'xm ov Sxsxro 
and Kwxntx lxan, Sat dxhorum kon'stxtLits tru orato'- 
rxkal gres v ; and Sat Sxs dxko'rum admxts' ov gret 
vari'xtx ov ak'cun, un'dur dx'furent suTkumstansxz. 
Vxhx'ment ak'cun xz sum'timz bco€^ de-korus and irres 1 - 
ful ; so ol'so ar abrupt' and cort cjes'curz, xf Se bor 
Sx xm'pres ov tru& and sut^ablnes — su6 ar Se cjescurz 
ov an old man qen hx xz x'rxteted. But Se most 
flo'xng and bu'txful mo'cunz, Se grand'est prepare' - 
cunz, and Se fin'est transrjunz ov cjes'crr, xl'-aplid, 
and cpt ov tim, hsz Sor no'^ural ka'raktur ov gres, and 
bxkunr xnde'korus, rxdx'kulus, or of&n*sxv. 



120 VfiKAL JOOlNaSTIKS. 

DXRLKCUNZ 

For Pruktxsxy de foloxrj Elxmentarx Exursizxz. 

Axz Exursiz'iz ar 5s furst Is'snz in ar&ografx. Ae 
ar kal'kuletsd Vs giv strsrjS and ful'nss Vs 5s vqs, and 
ttf rsn'dur artikule'cun purfeht. 

Furtf Ex s ursiz. As txdur cud proncpns', forsxblx, 
5s scpnd ov 5s furst Is'tur ov 5x al'fabst, and 5s msnv- 
burz ov 5s Idas rxpxf it in kon surt. Hx cud 5sn, in 
3ik ma'nur, proncpns' 5s scpnd ov 5s ss'kund lstur, and 
5s klas cud rxpxt' it az bxfor ; and so on, te 5x snd 
ov 5s Te^bl. Aftur go'in. o'vur 5s scpndz a fu timz, 
in 5is we, x£ pu'pil, m turn, cud gxv 5sm cpt, and 5x 
u'5ur msm'burz ov 5s klas rxpxf 5sm in kon surt ; 5s 
txc'ur, mxnqil', mek'irj 5s ns'ssssn korskcunz. As 
vcp'ilz cud bx sxplod'sd from 5s Srot, boS xnturo'ga- 
tivii and afur'mativli, in s'vun rencj ov pxc wiSxn' 
5s kum'pus ov 5s vas, and wx5 s'vun po'sxbl dxgrx' ov 
fors. 

Se'kund and ©urd s Ex'ursiz. In prak'txsxrj 5xz 
Ex'ursiziz, 5s tx£'ur cud proncpns' a hoi bar bxfor 5s 
pirpxls rxpxf. Axz Ex'ursiziz, az wsl az 5x u v 5urz, me 
bx akum'panxd wi5 cjsstxkule^cun. (Sx pecj 138.) 

For& Exmrsiz. Ax ob'cjskt ov 5s furst part ov 5xs 
sx'ursiz, iz te gxv flsxibx'lxtx ts 5s mu'slz ov 5s lxps, 
and sne'bl 5s pu'pil tx proncpns' wi5 fasi'htx, v, w, 
and q\ and te distxrj'gwic bxtwxn v 5sra ; 5x ob'cjskt ov 
5s ss'kund part, iz tK bnrj in'tK pro'pur ak'cun 5s txp 
and rat ov 5s turj, and te kontrast' 5x s'kmsnts d and 
g, and t and It\ qx£ ar konfcpnd'sd bi sum 6il'drsn, and 
x'vn bi sum adults*. In prak'txsxrj 5xs pa'ragraf, 5s 
pu'pxlz wil bx mor lik'k ttf spxk sxmulte'nxuslx, if 5e 
bxt tim wi§ 5s tx6^ur. Indxd', bi prak'txsxrj in 5xs 
we, 5e wil s^n bx e'bl t# proncpns-, in kon'surt, 5s hoi 
pa'ragraf, wx5cpf x'vn poz'irj for brsiK. 

As rxmen'xrj Ex'ursiziz rxkwir no sxplane^cun. Ae 
cud bx prak'tist in a ma'nur si'mxlur lis 5s prxsxd'xrj. 



LXURSIZXZ IN VQKAL DIMNASTXKS. 

Furst Exursiz. 



e 
Co a 

©^ 
&?* 

of* 

@ o 
u/itt 

a 



? 



Ee 
Aa 
Oo 
Aa 
X x 
Ls 

I i 
X i 

Qco 
Kb 
Oo 
IJu 

II u 
Uu 



Ml 


B b 


@F,J 


D d 


f f 


J J 


Tf 


Gg 


J ' ■& 


Z z 


9- v 


V v 


% <$ 


A § 


£?■'/ 


L 1 


m* 


R r 


g£™ 


Mm 


QW-n, 


N n 


f 7 


JJ,) 


^W* 


Ww 


Wr 


Y y 









pp 

T t 
C c 
Kk 
S s 
F f 
& 
Hh 

Qq 



&4fi 



(7«8» 



aa 






9 ff 



II 



V?s6 



p* 



(121; 



T!6 



Xx 



122 



VRK!\L JDHMNASTUKS. 



Sehund Exursiz. 



E a o a 


X E 


i i 


O 8 


XJ u u | 


cp. 


Be ba bo ba 


bx bs 


bi bx 


bo bs bo 


bu bu bu | 


bcp. 


De da do da 


dx de 


di dx 


do ds do 


du du du 


dcp. 


JDe c|a c|o cja 


cM s 


cM* 


cjo cjs c|o 


cju cju c]u j 


#' 


Ge ga go ga 


gxgs 


gig* 


go gs go 


gu gu gu 


gqp- 


Ve va vo va 


vx ve 


vi vx 


vo vs vo 


vu vu vu 


vq>. 


Ae 5a So 8a 


Sx 8e 


8i 8x 


8o 8s So 


8u 8u 8u 


8cp. 


Ze za zo za 


ZX ZE 


zi zx 


zo zs zo 


zu zu zu 


zcp. 


Je ja jo ja 


J X J S 


ji J* 


jo js jo 


F J u J u 1 


j<P- 


Le la lo la 


lx le 


li lx 


lo Is lo 


Ixj lu lu 


lcp. 


Re ra ro ra 


rx TE 


ri rx 


ro rs ro 


ru ru ru 


rep. 


Me ma mo ma 


mx me 


mi mx 


itigd ms mo 


mu ma mu 


mcp. 


Ne na no na 


nxns 


ni nx 


no ns no 


nu nu nu 


ncp. 


We wa wo wa 


WXWE 


wi wx 


wo ws wo 


WXJ wu wu 


wcp. 


Ye ya yo ya 


y* ys 


yiy* 


yo ys yo 


yu yu yu 


yep- 


Pe pa po pa 


pxps 


pipx 


po ps po 


pu pu pu 


pep. 


Te ta to ta 


tX tE 


ti tx 


to ts to 


tu tu tu 


tcp. 


*Ce ca 6o 6a 


6x£s 


cicx 


6o 6s co 


6u 6u 6u 


6cp. 


Ke ka ko ka 


| kx ks 


ki kx 


ko ks ko 


ku ku ku 


kq>. 


Fe fa fo fa 


| fxfe 


fi fx 


fo fs fo 


fu fu fu 


ftp. 


0e 3 a do da 


^ Se 


|didx 


So ds do 


du du du 


dcp. 


Se sa so sa 


SX SE 


si sx 


so ss so 


SET SU SU 


scp 


Ce ca co ca 


CX CE 


ci ex 


CO CS CO 


CM CU CU 


ccp 


He ha ho ha 


hx he 


hi hx 


| ho hs ho 


hxa hu hu 


1 n( p 


Qe qa qo qa 


qxqe 


1 q* q* 


| qo qs qo 


qu qu qu 


|q f r 



VfiKAL JO X M N <Y S T X K S . 



123 



Surd LiXursiz. 






Be-pe ba-pa bo-po ba-pa 


bx-px 


bs-ps 


1 bi-pi 


bx-px | bra-po bs-ps bo-po 


bu-pu 


bu-pu 


bu-pu | 


b(p-ptp. || 








De-te da-ta do-to da-ta 


dx-tx 


ds-ts 


| di-ti 


dx-tx | dco-tco ds-ts do-to 


du-tu 


du-tu 


du-tu | 


dcp-tcp. || 








JDe-6e cja-6a c]o-6o cja-<*:a 


c|x-6x 


cjs-cs 


1 #-& 


cjx-6x | ^o-6(D cjs-6s cjo-co 


cju-6u 


cju-6u 


c|u-6u | 


cjcp-6cp. || 








Ge-ke ga-ka go-ko ga-ka 


gx-kx 


gs-ks 


1 gi-ki 


gx-kx | gco-ko gs-ks go-ko 


gu-ku 


gu-ku 


gu-ku | 


gcp-kcp. || 








Ve-fe va-fa vo-fo va-fa 


vx-fx 


vs-fs 


| vi-fi 


vx-fx | vQ-fco vs-fs vo-fo 


vu-fu 


vu-fu 


vu-fu 1 


vcp-fcp. || 








Ae-&e §a-$a 80-&0 5a-Sa 


8x-Sx 


5s-&s 


1 Si-Si 


5x-Sx | 5co-do 8s-$s So-Oo 


§u-0u 


5u-$u 


5u-&u | 


«h«f . 11 








Ze-se za-sa zo-so za-sa 


zx-sx 


ZS-SS 


zi-si 


ZX-SX | ZO-SG) ZS-SS ZO-SO 


ZU-SU 


zu-su 


zu-su 1 


zcp-scp, || 








Je-ce ja-ca jo-co ja-ca 


jx-cx 


js-cs 


1 ji-cx 


jx-cx | jo-cco js-cs jo-co 


JU-CU 


ju-cu 


ju-cu 1 



jcp-ccp. 



124 



VQKftL JDXMN&STXKS 



For& Exursiz. 

Ov-we ov-wa ov-wo ov-wa | ov-wx ov-we | ov-wi 
ov-wx | ov-wco ov-ws ov-wo I ov-wu ov-wu I 
ov-wu I ov-wcp. || 

We-ve wa-va wo-vo wa-va | wx-vx we-ve | wi-vi 

WX-VX I WQ-VG) WS-V3 WO-VO | WU-VU WU-VU 

wu-vu I wcp-vcp. || 

We-qe wa-qa wo-qo wa-qa | wx-qx WE-qs | wi-qi 
wx-qx | WQ-qo ws-qs wo-qo | wu-qu wu-qu 
wu-qu | wcp-qcp. || 

De-ge da-ga do-go da-ga | dx-gx de-ge di-gi 
dx-gx dogco ds-gs do-go du-gu du-gu 

du-gu I dcp-gcp. || 

Te-ke ta-ka to-ko ta-ka tx-kx ts-kE ti-ki 

tx-kx tco-kco ts-ks to-ko tu-ku tu-ku 

tu-ku | tq>kcp. || 

De-ge-te-ke da-ga-ta-ka do-go-to-ko da-ga-ta-ka | 
dx-gx-tx-kx ds-gE-ts-ks di-gi-ti-ki dx-gx-tx-kx I 

do-gco-tco-kQ ds-gs-ts-ks do-go-to-ko | du-gu-tu-ku 
du-gu-tu-ku du-gu-tu-ku | dcp-gcp-tcp-kcp. || 



VQKAL DUISSISTIKS. 



125 



Fjf& Lxursiz. 

Ble bla bio bla | blx bis 

blu blu blu | blcp. || 
Die dla dlo dla | dlx die 

dlu dlu dlu | dlcp. || 
Gle gla glo gla | glx gls 

glu glu glu | glep. || 
Vie via vlo via | vlx vis 

vIjj vlu vlu I vlcp. || 
Ale 51a Slo 51a | Six 51s 

Slu Slu 8Iu | Slcp. || 
Zle zla zlo zla | zlx zls 

zlu zlu zlu | zlcp. || 
Jie jla jlo jla | jlx jls 

jlu jlu jlu I jlcp. || 



Pie pla plo pla | plx pis 
plxj plu plu | plcp. || 

Tie tla tlo tla | tlx tls 
tlu tlu tlu | tlcp. || 

Kle kla klo Ida | klx Ids 
klu klii klu | klcp. || 

Fie fla flo fla | fix fls 

fljLJ flu flu I flcp. || 

0ie 91a aio Qla | Blx Ste 

aiu siu oiu | aicp. || 

Sle sla slo sla | six sis 
slu slu slu | slcp. || 

Cle cla clo cla | clx els 
clu clu clu | clcp. || 
11* 



bli blx | blco bis bio 

dli dlx | dlco dls dlo 

gli glx | glo gls glo 

vli vlx | vlco vis vlo 

81i 8k | Slo 51s Slo 

zli zlx | zlo zls zlo 

jli jlx | jlo jls jlo 



pli plx | plo pis plo 

tli tlx | tlo tls tlo 

kli klx I klo Ids klo 

fli flx | flo fls flo 

eli aii | aio sis sio 

sli six | slo sis slo 

cli clx I clo els clo 



13G 



VJJKftL DUliNaSTHvS. 



Sixd- Exursiz, 



Ble-ple bla-pla blo-plo bla-pla 



bli-pli blx-plx 
blu-plu blu-plu 



Dle-tle dla-tla dlo-tlo dla-tla 



dli-tli dlx-tlx 
dlu-tlu dlu-tlu 

Gle-kle gla-kla 
gli-kli glx-klx 
glu-klu. glu-klu 

Vle-fle vla-fla 
vli-fli vlx-flx 
vlu-flu vlu-flu 

Ale-die 51a-$la 
Sli-aii Slx-dlx 
Slu-Qlu 81u-91u 

Zle-sle zla-sla 
zli-sli zlx-slx 
zlu-slu zlu-slu 

Jle-cle jla-cla 
jli-cli jlx-clx 
jlu-clu jlu-clu 



blco-plca bls-pls 
blcp-plcp. |i 



dleo-tla dls-tls 
dlcp-tlqp. || 

fflo-klo ffla-kla I 
glo-klo gls-kls 
glcp-klcp. || 

vlo-flo vla-fla 
vlo-flo vls-fls 

vlcp-flcp. || 

Slo-Olo §la-81a 
Slo-Slo Sls-Sls 
Slcp-QIcp. || 

zlo-slo zla-sla 
zlo-slo zls-sls 
zlqp-slcp. || 

jlo-clo jla-cla 
jlo-clo jls-cls 
jlcp-clcp. || 



blx-plx bls-pls 
blo-plo | blu-plu 

dlx-tlx dle-tle j 
dlo-tlo | dlu-tlu 

glx-klx gls-kls | 
glo-klo | glu-klu 

vlx-flx vls-fls j 
vlo-flo I vlu-flu 

51x-aix Sls-Sls | 
51o-&lo | 81u-Slu 

zlx-slx zls-sls I 
zlo-slo I zlu-slu 

jlx-clx jls-cls j 
jlo-clo I jlu-clu 



VfiKAL DHMN51STIKS. 127 



S£vn& hxursiz. 



Bre bra bro bra | brx bre | bri brx | bro brs bro | 

bru bru bru | brcp. || 
Dre dra dro dra | drx drs | dri drx | dro drs dro | 

dru dru dru | drcp. || 

Gre gra gro gra | grx grs | gri grx | grco grs gro | 

gru gru gru | grcp. || 
Yre vra vro vra | vrx vrs | vri vrx | vrco vrs vro | 

vru vru vru ( vrcp. || 
Are Sra Sro Sra J Srx Srs I Sri Srx | Sro Srs Sro | 

Sru Sru 5ru | Srcp. || 
Zre zra zro zra | zrx zrs | zri zrx | zro zrs zro ] 

zru zru zru | zrcp. j| 
Jre jra jro jra | jrx jre | jri jrx | jro jrs jro; 

jru jru jru | jrcp. || 

Pre pra pro pra | prx pre j pri prx | pro prs pro 

pru pru pru | prep. || 
Tre tra tro tra | trx trs | tri trx | tro trs tro 
irxj tru tru | trcp. || 

Kre kra kro kra | krx krs | kri krx | kro krs kro 

kru kru kru | krep. || 
Fre fra fro fra | frx frs | fri frx | fro frs fro 

fru fru fru | frcp. || 
0re dra dro dra | drx drs | dri drx | dro drs dro 

dru dru dru | 8rcp. || 
Sre sra sro sra | srx srs | sri srx | sreo srs sro 

sru sru sru | srep. || 
Cre era cro era | erx ere | cri crx | cro crs cro 

cru cru cvu | crcp. || 



128 VfiKM JOniN$VSTIKS. 

Et& Exursiz. 

Bre-pre bra-pra bro-pro bra-pra j brx-prx brc-pre | 
bri-pri brx-prx | brco-prco brs-prs bro-pro | bru-pru 
bru-pru bru-pru | brq>prcp. || 

Dre-tre dra-tra drotro dra-tra | drx-trx dre-trs ] 
dri-tri drx-trx | drco-tro drs-trs dro-tro | dru-tru 
dru-tru dru-tru | drcf-trcp. || 

Gre-kre gra-kra gro-kro gra-kra | grx-krx gre-krs | 
gri-kri grx-krx | grco-kro grs-krs gro-kro | gru-kru 
gru-kru gru-kru j grcp-krcp. || 

Vre-fre vra-fra vro-fro vra-fra | vrx-frx vre-frc | 
vri-fri vrx-frx | vro3-frG3 vrs-frs vro-fro | vru-fru 
vru-fru vru-fru | vrcp-frcp. || 

Are-§re §ra-$ra Sro-Sro 5ra-Qra I. §rx-$rx §r£-$re | 
Sri-Sri Srx-Qrx | Srco-Srco Srs-Qrs Sro-Qro | Sru-Sru 
Sru-Sru Sru-9ru [ Srcp-Srcp. [[ 

Zre-sre zra-sra zro-sro zra-sra [ zrx-srx zre-sre | 
zri-sri zrx-srx | zro-sro zrs-srs zro-sro | zru-sru 
zru-sru zru-sru | zrcp-srcp. || 

Jre-cre jra-cra jro-cro jra-cra jrx-crx jre-cre | 
jri-cri jrx-crx | jro-cro jrs-crs jro-cro | jru-cru 
jru-cru jru-cru | jrep-crcp. || 



VflK&Ii JDIMNaSTIKS, 



129 







„ 




Nin& Exursix. 










Ab 


£b 


xb 


ob 


ub. 


An 


£11 


xn 


on 


un. 


Ad 


£d 


id 


od 


ud. 


An 


£n 


in 


on 


un- 


Ag 


£ g 


*g 


°g 


u g 


Ap 


£ P 


xp 


op 


up. 


Av 


ev 


XV 


ov 


uv. 


At 


£t 


xt 


ot 
ok 


ut. 


A5 


£§ 


xS 


oS 


uS. 


Ak 


£k 


xk 


uk. 


Az 


£Z 


xz 


oz 


uz. 


Af 


£f 


xf 


of 


uf. 


Aj 


£ j 


*j 


°i 


U J- 


AS 


£$ 


I& 


o$ 


u&. 


Al 


£l 


xl 


ol 


ul. 


As 


£S 


xs 


OS 


us. 


Ar 
Am 


£r 
£m 


xr 
xm 


or 
om 


ur. 
um. 


Ac 


£C 


xc 


oc 


uc. 



An ai) | £n erj | xn xn | on orj | un uq. 



Ab 


ap 
at 


£b 

£d 


£ P 
£t 


xb 


xp 


| ob 
od 


op 
ot 


ub 
ud 


up. || 


Ad 


xd 


xt 


ut. || 


Ag 


ak 
af 


1 £ g 

£V 


£k 
£f 


*g 
XV 


xk 


°g 

ov 


ok 
of 


u g 

uv 


uk. || 


Av 


xf 


uf. || 


A5 


aS 


£5 


£& 


xb 


x& 


o5 


0$ 


u5 


u&. || 


Az 


as 


£Z 


£S 


xz 


xs 


oz 


OS 


uz 


US. || 


Aj 


ac 


£ j 


£C 


*i 


xc 


°j 


oc 


U J 


uc. || 


Ad 


ag 


£d 


£g 


xd 


*g 


od 


°g 


ud 


ug. || 


At 


ak 


£t 


£k 


xt 


xk 


ot 


ok 


ut 


uk. || 



Ad ag, at ak | £d £g, £t £k | xd ig, xt xk 
od o£, ot ok ud u£, ut uk. J| 



130 



VfiKftL DIMNaSTIKS. 

Tend' Exursiz. 
A not ov Son. Drohq Nots. 










Nots ov 


Spx£. 








Radxkal Strss. 


Mxdxan Strss. 


Final Strss. 


| e» ev | e' 


e x c e* 
Fors. 


l 
PPP 

-*■ — «r J 


2 
PP 

& A- 


3 

P 


4 
mp 


5 

m 


6 
mf 


7 
/ 


8 
ff 


9 
/// 






«» Ws 






^ 


-© ^ w ^ «p ^ 



eeeeeeeeeeleeeeeele e 



Skel. 

■6 — 9- 



Trxmur. 



6 — $ 



a 



Inflskcunz Srn venus Inturvalz. 



F ditritiif i if 



3Z± 



| e? e. | e? e. | e? e. | e? e. | e? e. | e? e. | 



VfiKAL DXMNkSTXKS, 

Xlevn& Exursiz. 

EMF9.SXS MELftDXZ. 



131 



-0- 



field*, 



heps', tern pi. | Suadur, ba v tl, hsVn. | 

A storm ov yunxvur'sal fir, blast'sd s'vurx fxld*,kon- 
sumd' s'vurx heps', and dxstrad' s'vurx tsm v pl. 

Asn cuk Ss hxlz wxS Sunxlur rxvn, 
Asn ruct §8 stxd tx ba^tl drxvn, 
And lepd'ur San 5s bolts ov he Vn, 
Far flact 8s rsd artx v lurx. 



9 1 Q f 

f 9 

« 1 ^p — 



| tepr, cin,, glad^ts v rxbl.| manv,wirman,6ild v ,bxst\ | 

Yx ar Ss Sxrjz Sat tqpr^ — Sat cm, — hxz smil meks 
glad' — hxz frepn xz ts x rxbl. 

Ae dxd not sx wun man,, not wun wirman, not wun 
£ild v , not wun fwr'-futsd bxst', ov s'nx dxskrxp'cun qot- 
s,vur. 



"^ 



Lg-ult^xrj, trsnhblxrj, retjxrj, fent xrj, 
Pozssd' bxyond' Ss Muz's pentxrj. 
Bi turnz Se fslt Ss glco'xrj mind, 
Dxsturb'd,, dxlit sd, rezds rxfind v . 



132 



VQKSIL JDXMN&STXKS 



^>" 



| sx v znlss, urbJes, trrles, man'les, liftes, d£$ v , kle 

Ae po'pulus and §£ pep'urful woz a lump, 
Srznles, urhtes, trx x l£s, man ks, liftes — 
A lump ov d£\}> — a ke'os ov hard kle . 



a. 



°4&" 



pun, rxfr, ab^kt, ogust v , kom'plxket, wumdurful. 

Hep pxi\, hep rx6, hep ab^cjskt, hep ogust*, 
Hep kom plxket, wumdurful xz man ( ! 













?— 








f 




^ 








— 




▼ 






— A_ 



tirm, rorj\, komtumxlx, luv x , dxle N , oTxs, spurnz 

For hu wild bor 8s qxps and skornz ov tinr, 
Ax oprssurz rorjv, Se prepd man'z komtumxlx, 
As parjz ov dxspizd' luv v , Zs loz dxle x , 
Ax xn'sookns ov oTxs, and §£ spurnz 
Aat pe'C£nt m£'rxt ov Sx unwur N 8x teks, 
Q£n hx himself' mit hxz kwxx'tus mek 
Wx8 a bor bodvkxn. 



INTUROGaTJV MELQDIZ. 

Qen a kw£S'6un xz askt sxm'plx for xnfurme'cun, and 
8or xz but wun £mfa'txk sx'labl xn xt, 8xs sx'labl ri'zxz, 
konkrxt'lx, from 8e pxc^'-not lin, Ore 8x xn'turval ov a 
Qurd, or fxfS (or 88r'abept),akord'Arj te 8e dxgrx' ov 



VQKAL DUIJiaSTUKS. 133 

s'nurcjx wxS qx6 8s ssntsns xz proncpnst. And Ss 
sx'lablz qx£ fo'l&3 8x xnturo'gatxv or smfa'txk not, ar 
proncpnst' xn 8s px6 ov 8x u'pur sxtrxrn ov 8xs ncatv, 
Sus v : 

-© © © © — A © — 



i 



| WxS yir, and kwxt mi Ss' - zn'z sid '( 

Qsn a kwss'6un xz askt wxS surpriz', Sx xnturo'gatxv 
not bxgxnz' a dxgrx' bxlco' §8 pxfr-ncot, and ri'zxz, kon- 
krxt'lx, abcpf a fxf$, or an obtev, 8us* : 



] WxS yir and kwxt mi Ss' - zn'z sid ? 

Cud Ss'zn'z ol'sco bx prconcpnst' wxS smfa'txk fcors, 
but wxS lss s'nurcjx San yv, 8s ms'lcodx wud bx az 
fo^lcoz : 



I 



| WxS yju ! and kwxt mi Ss' - zn'z sid ! 

Cud sid, xnstsd' ov Ss'zn'z, bx med smfa'txk, 8s ms'- 
Iwdx wud bx 8usv : 



WxS yu ! and kwxt mi Ss' - zn'z sid ! 
12 



134 



VfiKAL DXMNASTXKS. 



And cud yv, Ss'zn'z, and sid, bx ol prooncpnst' wxS 
emfa'txk fcors, 5e me'lcodx wud bx 5usv : 



| Wx5 yjj ! and kwxt mi Sw - zn'z sid ! 

A8 fo'lcoxi] lin xz ofn (but xmpro'purlx) red te 5e furst 
me'lcodx on 5e prxsxd'xrj pec^. But, az 5e frez, 5e hajrles 
huz'bund krid, xz parenSe'txkal (not a part ov 5x xnte- 
rcoge'cun) xt cud bx red bxlco' Se pxc v -ncot, §us* : 



-#- 



J WiS yu ! Se hap' - les huz' - bund krid, | 



A SXRXZ OV MOJOIJLECUNZ, 





z 


<? 








tr 








f 






4 












A 






e 




7j 


3 
















:=:::::::::::::: 


d 








2 




::=:=;:::=::: 





















1 



























(a) 2 Ae rmm hurself' xz lost xn hevvn ; | (h) 3 but Sep 
art for e'vur Se senr, | (c) 4 rx^as'xrj xn Se brifnes ov 5i 
kcors ( . | (d) *Qen 5e wurld xz dark wxS tem'pests, | (e) 2 qen 
Sun'dur rolz and lit'nxrj fliz, | (jT) 3 Scp luk'est in Si bu'tx 
from 5e klcpdz, | (g) 4 and laf est at 5e storm v . | (h) 2 But, 
te O'can, Sep luk'est xn vea. | 



VRKSILJOXMNSISTXKS. 135 

Twdfd* Exursiz. 

TIM. 

A n$ v mxkal xr xz sssn'cal te Ss pub'lxk spxk,ur hx 
wud cjsstx'kulet wxS gres'fulnss, prxsx'jun, and sfsktv. 
As sub'cjekt ov tim, Serfor, cud klem hxz partx'kulur 
atsncun. Ae hx hav not a rxS'mxkal xr me akwir' 
wun bi prak'txsxn feS'fulx 5s fb'lwxn progrss'xv Ex>- 
ursizxz : 

1. Rez 5x armz, wiS Ss handz klxncl, te Ss pwzx'cun 
ef, and 8sn brxn Ssm dqm wxS gret fears ts 8s pcozx'cun 
df, on 8x snurcjs'txk u'turans ov x£ ov Sx s'lxmsn.ts ov 
spxc\. 

2. Klxn6 8s handz, 8sn rxtrakf wun arm, and pro- 
cjskt' Sx u'8ur, altur'netlx, hf, on x£ s v lxmsnt. 

3. Klxnc 8s handz, and mek a bxt, hf, on 8s furst' 
s x lxmsnt ; strik 8s pamz tsgs'Sur on 8s ss^kund ; wx5 
8s handz klxn£t, mek a bxt, hf, on 8s Surd x ; strik 8s 
pamz tsgs'Sur on Ss forft* ; and so on,. 

4. Bxt tim on 8x s'lxmsnts wxS dunr-bslz. Mek 8s 
furst bxt bi brxn/xn 8s bslz xn kon'takt hf ; 8s ss'kund, 
bi brxrj'xn Ssm xn kon'takt ef ; 8s Surd, bi brxn'xr] 
8sm xn kon'takt df ; 8s fcor$, bi brxn'xrj Sx u'Sur sndz 
ov 8s bslz xn kon'takt db, az rsprxzsnt'sd bi 8s kut on 
Ss fo'loxn pecjv. 

Dum'-bslz ar ko'munlx med ov lsd or kast-rurn. 
Acoz yuzd xn Sx o'Sur'z Vco'kal and Po'lx- 
glot JDxmne'zxum ar turnd cpt ov lxg'num 
vrtx. Ae ar wun fut Ion, and for xn£xz 
xn dia'mxtur at 8x snd\ (Sx 8s kuts xn 
8x margin.) 

5. Mark Ss tim bi marfrxq. As klas cud mar£, xn 
fil, on a lin, xn Ss form ov Ss fx'gur et x (8), and pro 



136 



VfiKaL DIMNaSTIKS. 



ncpns' af'tur 5s tx6'ur, a pxs ov porxtrx hsz ms'jur xz 
r8 v gulur. A step cud bx med on 5x ak'ssnted part ov 
x£ msjur. 

Qen 5s pirpxl ka'not mark 5s rxBm ov pwxtrx, hx 
cud furst bxt tim on s'vurx sx N labl, xn x'5ur, or xn ol, 
ov 5s wez qxc hav bxn dxskribd^ 

Medud ov Bxtxtj Tim ivid Dum-Beh. 




I am 

5ar xz 
te 5s 

Q 

hav 

ov a- 



e 
x 

03 
U 

ba 
bs 

mo'nark ov 
nun tn dxs- 
sx\ I am 

so'lxtud ! 
sxn xn Si 
larmz,5an 



a 
s 

U 

bo 
bi 



o 
i 
o 

<® 
ba 

bx 



ol I sur- 
putv ; From 5s 
lord ov 5s 



|a 

U 
\v 

| be 

|bx 

! bco,& c . 

ves Mi | rit 
ssn'tur ol | rcpnd 
fcpl and 5s | brut. 



qor ar 5s | carmz Sat | se cjxz 
fes* ? Bs'tur | dwsl xn 5s j mxdst 
ren xn 5xs^ | ho^rxbl | ples^. 



VQKaL DIMNaSTXKS. 137 

I am | cpt ov hu- j ma'nxtx'z | rx6 ; || I must | fx'nxc 

mi | cjur'nx a- 1 lon x ; || Ns'vur | hxr Ss swxt | mu'zxk 
ov | spxc, || I | start at Ss | scpnd ov mi | on v . || 

Ac | bxsts Sat rom | o'vur 8s | plen, || Mi | form 

wxSxn-| dxTursns | sx x ; || Ae ar | so unak- 1 kwent'sd 

wx8 | man, || Aor | tenvnss xz | cokxn tx | rax. || 

So- | si'xtx, | frsnd'cxp, and | l\iv\ || Dx- 1 vimlx 

bx- | stod' upon' | man, Q | had I Ss | wxrjz 

ov a | duv, || H(p | snn wud I | test yu a- | gen, ! || 

Mi | so'roz 1 1 Ssn mit a- 1 sweep || In 8s | wez 
ov rx- 1 lx'<i|un and | truS* ; || Mit | lurn from Ss | wxz'dum 
ov | ed, || Andbx | card bi 8s | sa'lxz ov | yu$. || 

Rx- | lx v cjun ! qot | trs'jur un- | told% || Rx- | zidz' xn 

8at | hs'vnlx | wurdv ! || Mor | prs'cus 8an | sxl'vur 

or | gold', Or | ol 8at 8xs | ur$ kan a- | ford v . || 

But Ss | scpnd ov Ss | 6ur£'-goxrj | bsl, || Axz | va'lxz 
and | roks,ns'vur | hurd N ; || Ns'ur | sid at Ss | scpnd 
ov a | nsl, || Or | smild qsn a | sa v ba& a- | pxrd v . || 

Yx | wxndz Sat hav | med mxyur | sport, || Kon- 1 ve' te 
Sxs | ds'solet | cor, || Sum | korcjxal sn- |dxr'xn 

rx- 1 port', || Ov a | land I cal | vx'zxt no | mor ,|| 

Mi | frsndz v — ds Se | ncp and Ssn | ssnd || A | wxc 
or a | Sot af tur | mx ? | Q | tsl mx I | yst 
hav a | frsnd, || Ao a | frsnd I am | ns'vur te | sx v . || 

12* 



138 VC2Ka.LJDXMNkSTXKS. 

Qurtxn& Exursiz. 

J0EST3IJR. 

In 5s fo'loxi} sx'rxz ov fx'gurz, 5ar ar tK px'rxudz ov 
<Jes cur. Ae ar xntsnd'sd az ssfanrplz. U'5urz me bx 
suplid' bi 5s txfrur. L'vurx vari'xtx ov rxto'rxkal ak'- 
;un cud bx prak'txst xn konsk'cun wx5 5x slxmsnt'arx 




121 


122 


shk — sdk 


vsh — phx 


, ba, bo, ba v ; 


bx, bs x 


&R2 


Ri 



123 

br—R 
bi, br ; 




124 


125 


126 


Bshk 


Bvzk 


Bsdk 


bco, b#, bo ( ; 


bu, bu, bu v ; 


bq>,. 


R2 


^i 





Nqt. As txC'ur cud prconcpns' 8s sx'lablz, be, ba, bo, 
ba\ and mek 5s gss^ur — 5xz cud bx rxpxfsd, xn kon - 
surt,bi 5s klas*. As tx£'ur cud 5sn proncpns', bx, be\ 



VQKAL JDXMN ASTXKS. 



139 



sx'ursizxz ov 82 vqsx ; and Ss pu'pxl cud bx korful ts 
mark Szstrok ov 8s cjss'6ur wxS prxsrjun. Axz sx'- 
ursizxz ar xntrcoduk'turx te dsklamecun. Ae cud bx 
prak'txst xn 8s moost snurc[s'txk ma'nur, and bx pursx- 
vxrd' xn txl Ss muslz ov 8s trunk and lxmz akt har- 
mco'nxuslx wx8 Soz ov 5s vqsv. 




127 


128 


129 


ihk — phx 


Bvekk 


Bvsk x 


, da, do, da v ; 


dx, ds x ; 


| di dr; 


al&x 


Rix 


rLix 




do, d^, do x ; 

I&x 



131 
kek — kdx 
du, du,du x ; 

&B?x 



132 

Mf—kdb 
dqv. 



and mek 8s cjesc^rr — 5xz cud bx rxpxfsd bi 5s klas, az 
bxfor ; and so on\. As h(al ov 5s Se'kund Ex'ursiz 
pe<3 121, cud bx prak'txst xn Sxs we*. 



140 DRKLaMECUN. 

Fortxn& Exursiz. 

ME0UD OV TXCXPJ DEKLaMECUN. 




TEL Z ADRES TK AE M$NTINZ 





133 

vef—phx 
Yx kragz and pxks, 

B.2 



134 

shfst — sdx 
I'm wx5 yu wuns agsrr ; j 



DEKL&MECIIN. 



141 





135 


136 


Bsek 


Bves 


'. hold tx yu 5e handz 


tH ceo Se sUl 


yu fursf bxheld\, | 






Bvek 
ar fix. | MxSxrjks' I hxr a 
Ri B vek x 

spx'rxt xn yur e'koz an sur 




mr, | and bxd yur te'nant 
B vhk st 
wel'kum ts hxz hconv 



142 



DLKL&MECUN. 




R 

agsnv ! | Q seared formz , 
R\ 

hep prepd x yu luk k ! | 




140 



Hep hi yu hft yur 
sp/" — sdx 
hedz xn'ts 5s ski' ! 





141 

B shx 


142 

B velt x 


Hep hucj x yu ai\ ! I 


Hep mi'tx! 



DLKLSLMECTJN 



143 




143 

Bshfst 
and hep frx* ! I 

R2 




iZ—pdx 
Yx ar Se vhqz Sat tcpr : | 
Ri 




145 

shf—sdx 
Sat cirh ; | 

R2 





hxz smil meks glad* ; 
Ri 



144 



DEKLAMECUN. 




Bvek c 
hsz frcpn xz ten bl ; 




148 

Bvhs 
hsz formz, robd, 




149 



Bvek 
or urrrcobd, ch* ol Sx 
xmpres war | 




150 

vef—phx 
ov o dxvin . I 



DEKLS.MECUN 



145 




fl — phx 
Yx gardz ov li'burti, 



skf st — shx 
I'm wiS yu wuns agen ! | 




Z — phx 
I kol tK yu wx<5 cA mi | 
13 



shf st — shx 



VQS ! 




146 



DEKL&MECUN 




155 



Bsek 
I hold mi handz te yu, 




156 

Bvhs 
ts ceo Se stxl ar 




157 



Bvek 




Bssfst 
I rue ts yu, 



DEKLAMECUN 



147 




159 

BZ 

az 5co I kud ] 




160 



Bshfst R 
smbres 1 yu x . 

R2 



SPXT3 OV SETAN TH HXZ LXJDUNZ 




vek — phx 
Pnnsxz, 



162 

Bvek 
pratentets, 



143 



DKKLAMECUN 




163 

Bsdk 
woryurz, 




164 

Bvek- 
§s flcpr ov hsVn, 

a 

wuns yurz v , | 




165 

Bvdfp 
ncp lostv | 




166 



xf su6 asto'nxcmsnt 
Bsdk 
az 5xs I 



DEKLAMECUN. 



149 




167 


168 


vek — phx 


shf st — sdx 


kan sxz 


xturnal spirits; 




/~\ 



Bpdk 
or hav yx tco'zn §xs 
pies, | af'tur §e tcxl 
ov ba'tl, | 

13* 




170 



is rxpo3z' yur wx'rxd 

k 

vur 6u, | for Sx xz yu 
find te slunrbur hxr, | 



150 



DEKLAMECON 




172 

ssk — shx vds — vdk 

az in 5s velz ov hs Vn ? | Or xn §xs ab'cjskt pos'dur 

rLix 





hav yu sworn ts ador 
5s Korpkurur? j 



174 

Bek 

Ire ncp bxholdz' £s'rub 
aRz 
and ss'raf I 



DEKLaMECUN 



151 




vhs sw — phx 
ral'xrj xn Se flud, 
Ri 





: \ 



177 



ska'turd armz and eit- 
sinz, | txl anon', hxz 
swxft pursu'urz, | 



178 
Bsek 
from hs'vn gets, | 
Ri 




152 



DfcKLAMECHN 





179 


180 


Bvek 
dxzurn' 5x advan'tad, 1 

and dxssndxi), J 


Bsdk 

tred us dcpir, 

drepvxg, | 




181 

kek — -kdx 
or wxS Ixqk'sd Sun'dur- 
bcolt9, | 




kdf st — kdb 
transfix' us tn §£ bo'tum 

ov 5xs gulf. | 



D h K L & M E C tl N . 



153 




vek — phx 
Awek* ! I 




anz 




185 

Bsdlt 
or bx for s vur 



r\ 




r> 



154 



DEKL&MECUN. 



AE MIZUR AND TLUTUS. 




R Bvhfr k 

A& wind woz hr- 
aR2 




pek — pdk 
5s wxn do ceksv ; | 





velt k — vhx 
Wx5 su'dxn start | 
Rix 

5s mi'zur weks* ! | 



190 

F pds ad 

Alorj' 5e si'lsnt rem 

hx stoks ; | 
aRz 



DEKLA.MECUN 



155 




B vhx — vhk 
I/sks bak, | 




192 



Bvhftr 
and trenrblz 

sRix 

az hx wox. . I 




193 

vhk— 

X6 lok, | and ev'rx 

.. V fi X 

bolt, hx triz ; | 




In sv'rx krxk, 

— shs 

and kornur, priZx ; 
aRz 



156 



DEKLAMECUN 




195 

D Bpdf— 

Asn cops hxz 6est, | 




196 



D Bvek 

And standz in rapcur 



wx§ trsjur stcord,, 



co'ur hxz heard* ! 




197 



But nop wxS su'dxn 

Bvhfk 
kwomz pozesf, | 




198 



Id hf — a 

Hx rxrjz hxz handz* ; [ 

Ubr 



hx bxts hxz brsstx — | 



DEKL&MECUN 



157 




199 

gbr— 

Bi kon'C£ns sturj, 

ve k 

hx wild'lx storzs 




200 



Bshfsh 
And 5us hxz gxbtx 



sol dxklorzx : 




201 



Bsdfd— 
Had 8s dxp ur& 




br—R 
Axs hart had neon 



hur stwrz konfind', | 
14 



swxt pxs ov mind ;* 



158 



DEKLAMECUN 




vhf — vhx 
But vur'6u'z scold J | 




204 



II B sef sp a 

Gud godz ! | qot pris 
aR2 




Kan rskumpsns' Se 

F—R 

paqz ov visv ? | 




Bsdf- 
Q ben ov gudv ! 



sxdusxn 6xt* ! 



DLKLAMECUN 



159 




207 



B vhf vef 

Kan man, | wxk man, | 




shf st — sdk 
Si pcpr dxfxtv 1 | 




seb sw — sdk 
Gold ba'nxct onur 
rL\ 

from Se mindv, I 




210 



And on'k left 5s 

br—R 

nenr bxhind* ; | 



1G0 



DEKLAMECUN. 




211 

Gold scod 8s 



Bphs x 

wurld wx8 £V'rx xY ; | 




212 

Gold tot 8s 

keb c — kdk 
murd''rur'z sord ts kxl ; 
L\x 




213 



'Twoz gold xnstrukt'sd 



kcp'urd harts 




214 

In tr£6Viz mor 

Bvhfrcl k 

purnrcus artSv.| 
rRi 



DEKLSLMECUN 



161 




215 

H# kan rxkcpnf 
5s mxs'£xfs co'ur ? | 




216 

Vurfoj rxzidz' on 

Bpdfd—R 
urS nco mean ! | 
Ri 



SLN ELIMENTARK EXURSIZ. 

Gwe gwa gwo gwa x | gwx gws | gwi gwx | gwo gvrs 
gwo I gwu gwu gwu I gwcpv || 

Kwe kwa kwo kwa | kwx kwe | kwi kwx | kwco kws 
kwo | kwu kwu kwu | kwq)*. || 

Gwe-kwe gwa-kwa gwo-kwo gwa-kwa | gwx-kwx 
gw£-kws | gwi-kwi gwx-kwx | gwco-kwca gws-kwn 
gwo-kwo | gwu-kwn gwu-kwu gwu-kwu | gw(p-kwq)v. 



cJty toy, wi/maw fctwmfa?it & 'm ck wuzia. 



14* 






162 



DRKL5V.MECUN. 



DIELKCUNZ 



FOR 



PRAKTISIJJ ALRXDIPJ LXURSIZIZ. 

In kon'surt rxd'xrj, Ss msm'burz ov Ss klas cud rxpxt 
a ssk'cun, xn Se pro'pur px£ and tim, and wxS Ss rs'- 
kwxzxt dxgrx' ov foors, az sxn az it xz prconqpnsf bi Ss 
txfrur. Qen a pa'ragraf cal hav bxn red xn kon'surt, 
it cud bx prwncpnst' bi xc mcnrbur ov Se klas sxn/glx. 
It wxl ol'sca bx fcpnd advante'cjus tx 1st xc pwpxl gxv 
q>t a pxs, and Sx u'Sur msm'burz ov Se klas rxpxf xt 
af* tur hxm ; Ss txc'ur, mxn'qil, mek'xrj Se ns'SESErx ko- 
rEk'cunz. In fin, 8x sx'ursiz ov rxd'xrj cud bx prak'txst 
xn a vari'xtx ov wez akord'xrj tx surkumstansxz. QEn 
a pxs xz gxvn cpt wxS ^Estxkwle'cun, Ss msm'burz ov 
Se klas cud riz simulte'nxuslx, xmx'dxetlx aftur Se furst 
SEk'cun xz pronqmsf , and rxpxf Se wurdz and ^£s v 6ur. 



Nemz ov Se Leturz ov Se Nv Jllfabet. 

In spsl'xrj bi Se Ls'turz ov Se Nit Al'fabst, it xz 
bs'tur Vs kol Ssm bi Ss scpndz qx6 Se rsprxz£nt x San bi 
E'nx irSur neniv. Axs must nssssE'rilx bx Se kes xn 
rxgard' te Se vcp x xlz. But, az xt xz dxzir'abl te hav 
u'Sur nemz for Ss kon'swnants, (tK bx yuzd, for xn'stans, 
qsn spxk'irj ov Sxz ls'turz) Sx o'Sur haz gxvn Se fo v loxrj • 



B b 


hx 


L 1 


D d 


dx 


R r 


J J 


jx 


M m 


£>c| 


§X 


N n 


Gg 


g* 


IJ n 


Z z 


zx 


W w 


%% 


$x or e% 
vx 


Y y 
P P 


A b 


bx 


T t 



Ix 


C c 


ex 


rx 


■C c 


Sx 


mx 


Kk 


kx 


nx 


S s 


SI 


7)x or £77 


Xx 


xx or ex 


10X 


F f 


f* 


y* 





d-x 


PX 


Hh 


hx 


tx 


Qq 


qx 



PRAKTIKAL LLQKUCUN. 



LINZ 

Supcjzd ts hav bin ntn bi JRexandur Sdkurk, 
dvny hiz soli tan abod on Sx Hand ov JDvan 
Furjiandez. 

(k^pur.) 

I &m mo'nark ov ol I survey | 

Mi rit bor xz nun ts dxsputv ; | 
From be ssn'tur ol rqmd ts bs sx, \ 

I am lord ov be fcpl and bs brut v . | 
Q so'lxtud ! qor ar bs carmz | 

Aat se'cjxz hav sxn xn bi fes v '( j 
Bs'tur dwsl xn bs midst ov alarmz', | 

Aan ren xn bxs N hovrxbl ples^. | 

I am cpt ov huma'nxtx'z rxfr ; | 

I must fx'nxc mi tjurnx alcon, ; | 
Ns'vur hxr bs swxt mu'zxk ov spxc, | 

I start at bs scpnd ov mi con . | 
Ae bxsts bat rcom wvur bs plen, | 

Mi form wxb xndx'fursns sr : | 
Ae ar sco unakwen'tsd wxb man, | 

Aor tem'nss xz co v kxrj ts mx . | 

Sosi'xtx, frsnd'cxp, and luv x , | 

Dxvin v lx bxstcod' upon man, | 
Q had I bs wxrjz ov a duv, | 

H(p ssn wud I test yu agsn* ! [ 

(163) 



164 PR&KTXK&L ELfiKUCUN. 

Mi so'rcoz I ben mit aswecj' | 

In be wez ov rxlx'cjun and tru^ x ; j 

Mit lurn from be wxz'dum ov ec], | 
And bx ford bi be sa'lxz ov yu$ . | 

Rxlrcjun ! | qot tre'jur untold^ | 

Rxzidz' xn bat hevnlx wurdv ! | 
Mcor prs'cus ban sxl'vur or gcold\ | 

Or ol bat bxs ur& kan afcord v . | 
But be scpnd ov be 6ur6'-gcoxn bel, | 

Axz va'lxz and roks ne'vur hurd x ; | 
Ne'ur sid at be scpnd ov a nel, | 

Or smild qen a sa s ba& apxrd. | 

Yx wxndz bat hav med mx yur spcort, 

Konve' ts bxs de'scolet ccor, | 
Sum korcjxal endx'rxi] rxpoort', | 

Ov a land I cal vx'zxt no mcor . | 
Mi frendz^ — | ds be ncp and ben send | 

A wxc or a dot af'tur mx ? | 
Q tel mx I yet hav x a frendv, | 

Aco a frend I am ne'vur ts sx . | 

Hep flxt xz a glans ov be mind* ! | 

Kompord' wxb be spxd ov xts flit, | 
Ae tem'pest xtself lagz bxhind', | 

And be swxft'-wxrjed a'rcoz ov lit. | 
Qen I Sxrjk ov mi con ne'txv land, | 

In a mco'ment I sxm ts bx bor v ; | 
But, alas' ! rekolek'cun at hand, | 

Ssn hu'rxz mx bak ts dxspor v . | 

But be sx'-fcpl xz gon ts hur nest v , | 
Ae bxst xz led depn xn hxz Ion ; | 



PR&KTXKkL LLQKUCUN. 165 

Xvn hxr xz a sxz'n ov rest, | 

And I ts mi ka x bxn rxpor . | 
Aor 'z mur'sx xn s v vurx pies* ; | 

And mur'sx — snkui n xc]xrj §qV ! | 
Gxvz x'vn aflxk v cun a gres, | 

And rek'onsilz man ts hxz lot . I 



AL RQZ. 

(k$pur.) 

Ae, roz had bxn woct, | (Just woct xn a ccp v ur, j 

Qx6 Me'rx ts A'na konved' ; | 
As plen'txful mos'6ur snkum'burd bs flcp'ur, | 

And wed dcpn xts bu'txful hsd v . | 

As kup woz ol fxkT, | and bs Ixvz wsr ol wstv ; ] 
And xt sxmd ts a fan'sxful vu, | 

Ts wxp for bs budz xt had lsft wxb rsgrst', | 
On bs flu'rxcxn buc qor xt gru. | 

I hes'txlx sxzd v xt, | unfxt' az xt woz, | 
For a noz'ge, so drx'pxrj and drq)nd\, | 

And swxrj'xn xt rud'lx, | ts* rudJx, alas' ! | 
I snapt x xt — | xt fsl ts bs grqmd. | 

And su£, I sxklemd', | xz bs px'txlss part, | 

Sum akt bi bs ds'lxkat mind*, | 
Rxgard'lss ov rxrj'xrj and brek'xrj a hart', | 

Qlrs'dx ts so'rco rxzind. | 

Axs s'lxgant r«z, had I cek'n xt Iss, | 
Mit hav blsmd wxb xts wnur aqil* ; | 

And bs txr bat xz wipt wxb a Ixtl adrss', | 
Me bx fo'lod purhaps' bi a smiL | 
2* 



1C6 PRAKTIKaL ELfiKIJCUN. 

AE MIZUR AND PLUTUS. 

(GE.) 

Aa wind woz hi' — | be wxmdo ceksv ; | 
Wxb su'dxn start be mi'zur weks x ! | 
Alorj' bs si'lent rsm hx stoks ; | 
Luks bak, | and trenrblz az hx wox v ! | 
16 lok, | and evurx bolt v hx triz^ ! | 
In e'vurx krxk, and kor nur, priz v ; | 
Aen ops hxz 6est, | wxb trejur stordv, | 
And standz xn rap v 6ur o'ur hxz hord v : | 

But ncp wxb su'dxn kwomz, pozest', | 
Hx rxrjz hxz handz v ; | hx bxts hxz brest — | 
Bi kon'csns stun, | hx wild'lx storz x ; | 
And bus hxz gxl'tx scol dxklorz* : | 
Had be dxp ur$ hur storz koniind', | 
Axs hart had neon swxt pxs ov mind x ; | 
But vur'£u 'z sold x ! | Gud godz v ! qot pris | 
K>an re'kompens be parjz ov vis^ ? | 

Q ben ov gud' ! | sxdu'sxrj 6xt* ! | 
Kan man, | wxk man, | bi pqp'ur dxfxt ? | 
Gold ba'nxct onur from be mindv, | 
And on'lx left be nenr bxhind^ ; | 
Gold sod be wurld wxb e^vurx xk ; | 
Gold tot be mur'durur'z sord ts kxk : 
'Twoz gold xnstruk'ted kep'ard harts' | 
In tre'6urx'z mor purnx'cus arts v . | 
Hs kan rxkqmt' be mxs'6xfs o'ur? | 
Vur'6u rxzidz' on ur$ no mor. ! I 



PRaiiTIKaL ELQKIJCUN. 167 

SPX'C OV SETAN TK HIZ LXDUNZ. 
(mxltun.) 

N ar at iv. 
Hx skors had sxst, | qsn bs supx'rxur fxnd | 
Woz ms'vxn to'ard bs coi\; | hxz pon'd'rus cxld, ( 
X&x'rxal tsm'pur, ma'sx, larg', and rq:nd', | 
Bxhind* him kast v ; | bs brod surkumfursns | 
Hun on hxz col'durz lik be msn,| hsz orb 
®rs op'txk glas | be Tus'kan artxst vuz 
At x'vnxn | from be top ov Fs^zole, | 
Or xn Valdarno, | ts dxskri' nu landz, | 
Rx'vurz, or mq:n txnz, | xn hur spo'tx glob . | 

Hxz spxr I (ts x'kwal qx£ | be to'lsst pin, | 
Hun on Norwx'c|xan hxlz, | ts bx be mast 
Ov sum gret a'mxral, | wer but a wond) | 
Hx wokt x wxb, I ts suport' unx'zx steps j 
Q'vur be bur'nxn marl 1 , | (not lik boz steps 
On hevn'z e'jur !) | and be to'rxd klim | 
Smot on hxm sor bxsidz v , | vol'ted wxb fir : | 

NaMes hx so sndurd', | txl on be bx6 
Ov bat xnfle'msd sx hx stud, | and kold 
Hxz lx v c|unz, I en'cjsl-formz hs le sntranst' I 
®xk az otummal lxvz | bat stro be bruks 
In Valombro'za | qor bx Xtru'rxan cedz, | 
Hi ovur-ar£t', xmbq^ur ; | or ska'turd ss(j, 
Aflcof, I qcn wxb fxrs wxndz, | Qri'un, armd, | 
Ha& vsxt bs Rsd-Sx kost | hsz wevz o'ur$ru' 
Busirxs, I and hxz Mem'fxan ci Vain, | 
Qil wxb psrfi'dxus he'trsd | be pursud' 
Ae so (Jurnurz ov Go'csn, j hs bxhsld' 
From bs sef cor, | bor flo'txn kar'kasxz, j 



168 PRftKTXKftL ELQKLCUN. 

And brok'n 6a x rxut qxlz. : | so Sik bxstron', | 
Ab'cjekt and lost, | le bxz% | ku'vunrj be flud, | 
Iln'dur amez'ment ov bor hrdius 6enc) v . | 
Hx kold so lcpd, | bat ol be ho'lo dxp 
Ov hel rxzcpn ded ! | 

Ae SpxS. 

Prx^nsiz, | po'tentets, | 
Wonyurz, | be flcpur ov hev n — | wuns yurz', | nq) lost',! 
If su£ asto'nicment az bis | kan sxz | 
Xtur'nal spirits : | or hav yx £o'zn bxs pies, | 
Aftur be tal ov ba'tl, | ts rxpoz' 
Yur wx'rxd vur"6u, | for bx xz A yu find 
Ts slunrbur hxr, | az xn be velz ov hev n ? | 
Or, xn bxs ab'cjekt pos'fozr, | hav yx sworn 
Ts ador' be Korpkurur? | hs ncp bxholdz' 
T3e rub and se'raf, | ro'lxrj xn be flud | 
Wxb ska'turd armz and en x sinz; | txl anon- | 
Hxz swxft pursii'urz, | from hevn-gets | dxzurn' 
Ax advan tacj, | and dxsen'dxi), | tred us dcpn% | 
Aus drs^pxi) ; | or, wxb Ixrj'ked Sun^durbolts, | 
Transfix' us | ts be bo'tum ov bxs gulf. | 
Awelo ! I ariz' ! I or bx for e^vur foln ! I 



OCAN'Z ADRLS TK AE SUN. 

Q a* bat ro'lest abuv, | rcpnd az be cxld ov mi 
fa^burz ! | Qens ar bi bxmz', Q sun', |bi evurlas'txrj lit, ? | 
Aq> ku'mest for$ xn bi o'ful bu\tx ; | be starz hid bem- 
selvz' xn be ski 1 ; | be msn, kold and pel, | sinks xn be 
wes'turn wev*. | But bcp biself ms'vest alon> : | hs kan 
bx a kompan'yun ov bi kors v ? | 



PR1KTIK1L ELQKUCUN. 169 

Ax cox ov be mcpn'txnz fok : | be mcpn'txnz bemselvz v 
dxke' wxb yxrz* ; | bx co'cun crxrjx, and grcoz* agen x ; | 
be msn hurself xz lost xn hev^ ; | but bcp art for e'vur 
be sem, | rxcjcx'sxrj xn be brit'nes ov bi kcors x . | 

Qen be wurld xz dark wxb tem'pests, | qen £kin'dur 
rcolz and lifnxrj fliz, | bcp lu'kest xn bi bu'tx from be 
klcpdz, | and latest at be storm . | But ts O'can, bcp 
lu'kest xn ven K ; | for hx bxhcoldz' bi bxmz nco mcorx, | 
qe'bur bi yelco harz flco on bx xs'turn klcpdz, | or bcp 
trem'blest at be gets ov be west x . | 

But bcp art purhaps' lik nix' — | for a sx N zn : | bi yxrz 
wxl hav an end v . | Acp calt slxp xn be klcpdz, | kor'les 
ov be vqs ov be mor rixrj. | Esrult x , ben, Q sun', | xn be 
strerjft ov bi yzs& ! | Ecj xz dark and unluvJx : | xt xz 
lik be glx'murxrj lit ov be msn, | qen xt cinz 8rs brcokn 
klcpdz' ; | and be mxst xz on be hxlz', | be blast ov be 
nor& xz on be plen v , | be tra'velur crxrjks xn be mxdst 
ov hxz tjur nx. | 



TEL'Z ADRLS TK AE MONTINZ. 

(nqlz.) 

Yx kragz and pxx, | I 'm wxb yu wuns agen v ; | 
I hcold ts yu be handz yu furst x bxheldv, | 
Ts ceo be stxl ar frr. | MxSxnks' I hxr 
A spx'rxt xn yur e'kcoz, an'sur mr, | 
And bxd yur te'nant | wel'kum ts hxz hconr, 
Agen ! | Q se v kred foraiZv, | hep prepd* yu lukx ! | 
Hep hi yu lxft yur hedz xn'ts be skr ! | 
Hep huc]^ yu ar ! ( hep mi* tx, | and hep fir ! | 
Yx ar be $xrjz bat tepmr, — | bat cirix, — | hsz smil 
15 



170 PRAKTXK&L fcLQKUCUN. 

Meks glad' — | hsz frcpn xz tsrxbl — | hsz formz, 

Rcobd, or un^rcobd, | ds ol bx xnrprss war | 

Ov o dxvin . | Yx gardz ov lx'burtx, I 

I 'm wxb yxj wuns agsn^ ! — | I kol ts yu | 

Wxb ol mi vqs n ! — I hold mi handz ts yu | 

Ts cq be stxl ar frr — | I rue ts yu | 

Az bo I kud smbresv yu ! | 



BATL OV HQHENLXNDLN. 

(k&mel.) 

On Lxn'dsn, qsn bs sun woz lo', | 
01 blud^lss le bx untrod'n snco\, | 
And dark az wxn'tur, woz be flo' | 
Ov X'zur rolxn ra x pxdlx. | 

But Lxn'dsn so anu^bur sit, | 
Qsn bs drum bxt at dsd ov nit\ | 
Koman'dxrj firz ov ds£h ts lit | 
As dark'nss ov hur sxnurx. | 

Bi tor6 and trunrpst fast ared', | 
X6 hors'man dru hxz ba^tl bledv ; | 
And fu'rxus s'vurx 6arcjur ned, | 
Ts (^on bs drsd'ful rs vslrx. | 

Asn cuk bs hxlz wxb Qundur rxvn; | 
Asn ruct bs stxd ts ba tl drxv n ; | 
And lep'dur ban bs bolts ov hsvn, | 
Far flact bs rsd artx^lurx. I 



PRAKTIKaL ELfiKUCUN. J7] 

And rs'dur yst x boz firz cal glo | 
On Lxn'dsn'z hxlz ov blud'-stend snc^ ; j 
And darkur yet cal bx bs flea | 
Ov X'zur rco'lxr) ra^pxdlx. | 

'Txz morns — | but skors yon lu'rxd sun' | 
Kan pxrs be wor'-klcpdz,rGO'lxn dum, | 
Qor fu'rxus Frank, and fi'rx Hun' | 
Cqpt xn bar sul'f'rus kanopx. | 

As kom'bat dxp^nz — | On yx brev v , | 
Hs rue ts glco'rx, or be grevv ! | 
Wev, Mu'nxk, ol bi ba'nurz wev x ! | 
And carcj wxb ol bi cx x valrx ! | 

Fn, fu cal part qor ms'nx mxt^ ! | 
As sno3 cal bx bor win.dxq-cxt, | 
And s'vurx turf bxnxb' bor fxt, | 
Cal bx a scal'cjur'z ss v pulkur. | 



SPX-C OV ROLA TK AL PXRUVIAN ARMI. 

[From KotsXbv'z Pxzaro^ 
(r. b. cerxd&n.) 
Mi brev asGrcxets ! | parfnurz ov mi tal', | mi 
fx'lxnz, | and mi fern* ! | Kan Ro'la'z wurdz ad vx'gur | 
ts bs vurcuus s'nurcjxz | qxc xnspir' yur harts ? | Nco ! | 
Yu hav cjucjd az L hav, | bs fcpl'nes ov bs kraf'tx plx | 
bi qxc bxz bcold xnve'durz wud dxlud\ yu . | Yur cjs'nu* 
rus spx'rxt | haz kompord' az min v haz, | bs mco v txvz | 
qx6, xn a wor lik bxs, | kan a'nxmet bor mindz, and 
cprz v . | 



172 PRa.KTXKa.L E L £2 K IJ C U N . 

Ae, bi a strencj fren,zx drxv'n, | fit for pcpuir, | for 
plun dur, | and exten'ded ml — | Wx, for cpr kuirtrx, | 
cpr oftarz, | and cpr homz v . | Ae fo'lco an advem- 
6urur | hsm be fxr, | and obe' a pcp'ur | qx6 be net. | Wx 
surv a mcnark hsm wx luv x — | a God hsm wx ador . | 

Qene'ur be msv xn arj'gur, | desole'cun traks bor 
pmgres ; | qore'ur be poz xn a'mxtx, | aflxk'cun mornz 
bar frendcxp. | Ae bost — | be kum but ts xmprsv 
cpr stet v , | enlarcj' cpr Sots', | and frx us from be yok ov 
Evrur ! | Yes^ — | be wxl gxv enlifnd frx'dum ts cpr 
mindz, | hs ar bemselvz' | be slevz ov pa N cun, | aVa- 
rxs, | and prid. j 

Ae o'fur us bar protek x cun. | Yes x — | su6 protek'- 
cun | az vul'c^jurz gxv ts lamz', — | ku'vurxn, and dx- 
vcp j-xn bern ! | Ae kol on us | ts bar'tur ol ov gud | wx 
hav xnher'xted and prsvd v , | for bs des'puret £ans ov 
sum/Sxn be^ur | qx£ be' prom xs. | 

Bx cpr plen an'sur bxs^ : | Ae Sron wx o'nur | xz bs 
px^pl'z 6asv — | be loz wx re'vurens | ar cpr brev fa'burz' 
le N gasx — | be feS wx fo'lo | tx'6xz us | ts Ixv xn bondz 
ov 6a ; rxtx wxb ol mankinds | and di wxb hops ov blxs | 
bxyond' be grev . | Tel yur xnve'durz bxs x ; | and tel 
bem ts, | wx sxk no x 6encJ ; | and lxst ov of, | su£ 6encJ j 
az be x wud brxrj us x . | 



"CILD HARULD'Z ADRES TK AX QCUN. 
(birun.) 
Q AaT be de'zurt wer mi dwe'lxn-ples, | 
Wxb wun for spx'rxt for mi mx^nxstur, | 
Aat I mit ol forget' be hu'man res, | 
And he'txn no wun, | luv but on'lx hur v ! J 



PRa.KTXKS.L ELQKUCUN. 173 

Yx s'lxmsnts ! — | in hsz sno'blirj stur | 
I fxl mis,slf' s^oFted — | kan yx not | 
Akord v mx sue a bx v irj ? | Ds I er | 
In dx'mxn su6 inha'bit ms jii a spot v ? | 
Ao wib bsm ts konvurs', | kan rorli bx cpr lot v . | 

Aor iz a pls v jur in bs paS'les wudz,, | 
Aor iz a rap'cur on bs lon'li con, | 
Aor xz sosi'itx, qor nun intrudz', | 
Bi be dxp sr, | and mn'zxk in its ror . | 
I lav not man be lss, | but ne'cur mor, | 
From bxz, cpr m'turvuz, | in qi£ I stxl | 
From ol I me bx, | or hav bxn bxfor, | 
Ts mxn'gl wib bs yunxvurs, | and fxl | 
Qot I kan ns' ur express | yet kanot ol konsxK | 

Rol on', | bcp dxp and dark-blu o'cun — | roh ! | 
Ten Scp'zand flxts swxp o'vur bx in ven* ; | 
Man marks bx ur& v wib man — | hiz kontrol' | 
Stops^wxb bs cor; — | upon' bs wo'tun plen | 
As rsks ar ol bi v dxd, | nor du& rxmen' | 
A ca v do ov man'z ra'vxcj, | sev hiz on, | 
Qsn, for a mo'msnt, | lik a drop ov ren\ | 
Hx sxijx ints bi dsp&s wib bub'lirj grom, | 
Wibcpt' a grev, | unnekb, | unkoTxnd, | and unnon v . | 

Hiz stsps ar not upon br pabz^, — | bi fxldz ] 
Ar not a sped for hinr, — | bcp dust ariz', | 
And cek hxm from' bx, ; | bs vil strsrjft hx wxldz | 
For urS's dxstruk'cun, | bcp dust ol dxspizx, | 
Spur'nxrj him from bi bs'zum ts be skiz\ | 
And ssnd'st him, | ci'vunq in bi ple'ful spre, j 
15* 



174 PRa.KTXKa.L ELflKUCUN. 

And hcp'lxrj ts hxz godz', | qor hap'k liz | 
Hxz pe'tx ho3p v ,|xn sum nxr peart, or be^ | 
Aen da'eest hxm agen' ts urS* : — [bar let hxm le x . | 

Ax armaments qx£ Sun'durstrik be wolz | 
Ov rok-bxlt si'tiz, | bi'dxrj nccunz kwek, | 
And mo'narks trem'bl in bar kapatalz, | 
Ax ok lxvraSanz | hsz hue] rxbz mek | 
Aar kle-krxe'tur be ven titl tek | 
Ov lord ov bx , | and ar'bxtur ov wor ; | 
Axz ar bi taz*, | and, az bs sno'x fleb, | 
Ae mslt xnts bi yest ov wevz*, | qx6 mar, | 
Alik', bx Arme'da'z prid, | or spalz ov Trafalgar . | 

Ai ccorz ar empirz, | cencjd xn ol sev br — | 
AsXxrxa, | Grxs^ | Rora\ | KarSec], | qot ar be ? | 
Ai wo'turz wes'ted bem qil be wer frx\ | 
And me'nx a ti'rant sxns v ; | bar ccorz cobe' | 
Ae stren'<i]ur, slev', or sav^icj ; | bar dxkc | 
Haz drid up relmz ts dez*urts : — | not sco bcp x , | 
Uncen^cjabl, | sev ts bi wild wevz pie* — | 
Tim rits no rxrj'kl on bin e'jur brcp N — | 
Su6 az krxe'cun'z don bxheld, | bcp rco'lest ncp v . | 

Aq> glco'rxus mx rur, | qor bx Qlmi'tx'z form | 
Gla'sxz itself xn tenrpests ; | in ol x tim*, | 
Kam, or konvulst — | in brxz', or gel', or storm*, | 
I'sxrj be pcoF, | or xn be torxd klim, | 
Dark-hx*vxrj ; | bcpnd les, | end'les, | and subline — | 
Ax x'mxcj ov xturnxtx — | be Srcon | 
Ov bx Invx^zxbl ; | x'n from cpt bi slim* | 
Ae moivsturz ov be dxp^ ar med ; | xc zcon | 
Qbez^ bx. ; | bcp gco'est fcorS, | dred v , | fa'bumles, | alon . 



PRAKTIKaL ELfiKIJCUN. 175 

And I hav luvd' bx, o'cun ! | and mi cjcx \ 
Ov yuO"ful sports, | woz on bi brest ts bx | 
Born, lik bi bu'blz, on N ward : | from a bo* | 
I won'tund wxb bi breJvurz : | be ts mx, | 
Wer a dxlit ; | and, xf be frecnxrj sx | 
Med bem a te'rur — | 'twoz a plrzxrj fxi\, | 
For I woz az it wer a £ild' ov bx, | 
And trus'ted ts bi bx'loz, far, and nxr, | 
And led mi hand upon bi men — | az I ds hxr . | 



APOSTRQFI TK AE KWXN OV FRANS. 
(burk.) 

It xz ncp sxx'txn, or sevntxn yxrz v , | sxns I so bs 
kwxn ov Frans, | ben bs do w fxnes, | at Vurselz 1 ; | and 
cur'lx, ne'vur li'ted on bxs orb, | (qx6 ex hard'lx sxmd ts 
tu6) | a mor dxlit'ful vxjun. | I so hur c[ust abuv be 
horrzun, | de'koretxrj and 6x'rxn bx e'lxveted sfxr | ex 
(Just bxgan ts msvx in — | glx'turxrj lik be mor'nxrj 
star — | ful ov lip, | and splen'dur, | and <Jo x . \ Q qot 
a revoluvcun ! | and qot a hart must I hav, | ts kon- 
tem'plet wi'bcpt xmocun, | bat elxve'cun, | and bat folj | 

Lx'tl dxd I drxnr, | qen ex a'ded ti'tlz ov venure'eun | 
ts boz ov en&uzxas'txk, dxs'tant, rxspekt'ful luv, | bat ex 
cud e'vur bx oblicjd' | ts ka'rx be carp an'txdot agensf 
dxzgres', | konsxld' xn bat bs^zum — | lx'tl dxd I drxm | 
bat I cud hav lxvd | ts sx su6 dxzas'turz foln upon' 
hur | xn a ne'eun ov ga'lant mens — | in a ne'eun ov 
men ov o nur, | and ov kavalxrzw | I dot ten Sq/zand 
sordz must hav lxpt from bor ska'burdz | ts avenc| 
xvn a luk' | bat ftrefnd hur wib in suit. I But bx ec) ov 



176 PR&KTXKkLLLQKJUCIIN. 

ci'valri xz gon^ | Aat ov sotfxsturz, | xkonomxsts, | 
and kahkuleturz, | haz suksx^ded; | and be gloyrx ov 
Yu'rcop | iz extxrj'gwxct for evur. | 

Ne'vur, ne'vur mor, | cal wx bxhold' bat (Je'nurus 
la'altx ts rank and sex*, — | bat prcpd submx cun, — | 
bat dxg'nxfid obrdxens, — | bat subordxne'cun ov be 
hart' | qx6 kept aliv, | x'vn xn sur'vxtud itself, | be spx'rxt 
ov an eg-ol'ted frxdum. | Ax unbot' gres ov lift, | be £xp 
dxfens' ov ne^cunz, | be nurs ov mandx sen'timent, | and 
hxro'xk en turpriz, | xz gon* ! | It xz gon, — | bat sen- 
sibi'liti ov pnn v sxpl, — | bat 6as'titi ov onur, | qi6 
fslt a sten lik a wsnd*, — | qx£ xnspird' kuTic) | qilst xt 
mrtigeted fxro'siti, — | qi6 enobld qots'vur xt tu6t x ; | 
and un'dur qi£, | vis itself | lost haf xts x'vl, | bi ls'zxrj 
ol xts grcos nes. | 



BATL OV WQRSO. 

(Ka.MLL.) 

Q se'krp,d Tru9 v ! | bi tri'umf sxst' aqil', | 
And Hcop, bi sis'tur, sxst wxb bx ts smil v , | 
Qen lxgd Opre'cun pcord ts norburn worz, | 
Hur qis'kurd pan'dsrz, and hur fxrs huzarz', | 
Wevd hur dred stan'dard ts be brxz ov morn, | 
Pxld hur lepd drum, | and twarjd hur trumpet-horn ; 
Tumul'^uus ho v rur brs'ded o'ur hur van , | 
Prxse'cjxn ra& ts Po'land, and ts man ! | 

Wor'so'z last £anrpxun, from hur hit, surved', | 
Wid o'ur be fxldz, I a west ov ruin led* — | 



PRA.KTXK&L ELQKJCJCUN. 177 

Q Hsvn ! hx krid, | mi blx'dxn kun'trx sev^ ! | 
Iz bar no 'hand on hi ts cxld bs brev ? | 
Qot bco dxstruk'cun swxp^ bxz luvlx plenzv — | 
Riz\ fslo-msn ! | qr kun'trx yst rxmenz* ! | 
Bi bat drsd nem, | wx wev bs sord on hi, | 
And swor for hur ts lxv — | wxb hur ts di! | 

Hx ssdv — | and on be ram'part-hits, ared' | 
Hxz trus'tx woryurz, | fu, but undxsmed N ; | 
Furm-pest, and slco, | a ho'rxd frunt v be fornix; | 
Stxl az bs brxz*, | but drsd-ful az bs storm* ; | 
Lo, mur'murxr) scpndz alorj bar ba v nurz fli, | 
Rxvsncj' or ds\K, | bs wofrwurd, and rxpli*; | 
Asn pxld bs ncots, omnx'pcotsnt ts 6arnr, | 
And bs lqpd tok'sxn told bar last alarm v . | 

In ven, alas ! | xn ven, yx ga'lant fu ! | 
From rarjk ts rarjk, yur vo'lxd Sun dur flu\ : | 
blu'dxsst pxk'^ur xn bs buk ov Tinr ! | 
Sarme^ca fsl, | unwept 1 , | wxbcpt' a krini ; | 
Fcpnd not a cjs'nurus frendv, | a px'txxn for, | 
Strsrj& xn hur armz, | nor mur'sx xn hur wgk ! | 
Dropt from hur nurvles grasp, be ca'turd spxr, | 
Klozd hur brit i, | and kurbd hur hi karxn : | 
Hop, for a sxzn, bad bs wurld farweb — | 
And Frx'dum crxkt, az Kosxus'ko fel v ! | 

Ae sun went dqm* ; | nor sxst be karnxcj bar | 
Tumul'£ttus mur'dur cuk be mxd^nit ar v : | 
On Preg'z prqid art | be firz ov rirxn glo*, | 
Hxz blud'-did wo'turz mur'murxrj far bxlo : | 
As storm prxvelz', | bs ranrpart yxldz awe 1 , | 
Bursts bs wild kri ov ho'rur, and dxzme v ! I 



178 PRiVKTIKaL LLfiKIJCUN. 

Hark' ! | az be smcol'durxrj pilz wxb tmn'dur fol, j 
A Scp'zand crxks for hcop'les mursx kol v ! | 
UrO cuk', | red mx'txurz flact alory be skis | 
And kon'cus Ne'6ur cu'durd at be kn ! | 

Dxpar'ted spx'rxts ov be mi'tx ded' ! | 

Yx bat at Ma'ra&on, and Luk^tra bled, ! | 

Frendz ov be wurld' ! | rxstor yur s&xrdz ts man% | 

Fit xn hxz se'kred koz, | and Ixd be van ( ! | 

Yet for Sarme'ca'z txrz ov blud\ atcon*, | 

And mek hur arm pux v sant az yur on,, | 

Q wuns agen* ts Frx'dum'z koz rxtunr, | 

Acp pa'trxut Tel' — | bep Brus ov Ba v nukburn ! | 



BATL OV WQTURLK 
(birun.) 
Aor woz a scpnd ov rev,elrx bi nit v ; | 
And Bel'cjxum'z ka'pxtal | had ga'burd ben | 
Hur bu'tx, and hur cx,valrx ; | and brit | 
Ae lamps com co'ur for wx'men, and brev men ; | 
A Scp'zand harts bxt ha'pxlx; | and, qen | 
Mu'zxk arcoz', wxb xts volup'^uus swel, | 
Soft iz lukt luv' | ts iz qx6 spek agen x ; | 
And ol went me'rx az a maTxc|-bel — | 
But hucx ! | hark^ ! | a dxp scpnd striks lik a rizxrj nek ! 

Dxd yx not hxr xt? — | Nra ; | 'twoz but be wind v , | 
Or be kar rat'lxrj o'ur be stconx strxt — | 
On wxb be dans' ! | let cj& bx unkonfind N ; | 
No slxp txl morn', | qen Yu9- and Ple'jur mxt | 



PRAKTIKAI ELQKUCUN. 179 

Ts ces be glo'irj cprz, wxb fli'irj fxt x — | 
But hark: ! : — | bat hevx scpnd breks in wuns mor , | 
Az if be klq)dz its e'ko wud rxpxt v ; | 
And nxrur, | klxrur, | dedlxur ban bxfor! | 
Arnr ! | arm' ! | xt xz — xt xz be kauiun'z o*pnxrj ror v ! | 

Wxbxn' a wxn'dod nx£ ov bat hi hoi, | 
Sat Brunz'wxk's fe'ted £xf txn ; | hx dxd hxr | 
Aat scpnd be furst N , amxdst' be fes'txval, | 
And kot xts ton wxb DeQ V profe^txk xr ; | 
And qen be smild, | bxkoz' hx dxmd xt nxr, | 
Hxz hart mor tru'lx nxj bat pxl ts weY, \ 
Qx6 street hxz fa'bur on a blu'dx bxr, | 
And rcpzd bs ven'cjans, blud alon' kud kwek ; | 
Hx ruct xn'ts bs fxld*, | and formost fitxrj, feh | 

A ! ben and bar woz hu'rxxrj ts and fro, | 
And ga'burxrj txrz, | and trenvblxrjz ov dxstrss x , | 
And 6xks ol peh, | qx6 but an (pr ago', | 
Bluet at be prez ov bar on luv.lxnes. | 
And bar wer su'den par txijz, | su6 az pres | 
Ae lif from c[t yurj harts^, | and 6o'kxrj siz^ | 
Qx6 ne'ur mit bx rxpx\ted ; | hs kud ges | 
If e'vur mor cud mxt boz mutual iz, | 
Sxns upon nit so swxt | su6 o'ful morn kud riz ? | 

And bor woz mqm'txrj xn hot hest v : | be stxd, ) 
Ae mus'turxrj skwod'run, | and be kla'turxrj kar, | 
Went por'xrj for'ward wxb impe'cuus spxd% | 
And swxft'lx for'mxrj xn be rarjks ov wor ; | 
And be dxp vhin'dur pxl on pxl afar ! | 
And nxr, | be bxt ov bx alarmxrj drunr | 
Rcpzd up be sol'^ur or be mor'nirj star ; | 



180 PRa.KTXKAL tLQKUCUN. 

Qil $rond be sx'txznz wxb te'rur dum^, | 
Or qxs'purxn, wxb qit lxps, — | " As fco v ! | Ae kunv ! | 
be kumM" | 

And wild and hi bs " Ka'murun'z ga'burxrj" roz x ! ] 
Ae wor'-not ov Lokxl v , | qx6 Al'bxn'z hxlz^ | 
Hav nurd*, | and hurd ts, hav hur Saxn foz x : — | 
Hq) xn be nsn ov nit bat px'brok Srxlz, | 
Sa'vxc], and crxL ! | But wxb be bre& qxc fxlz | 
Aor mcpn'txn-pip, | so fxl be mcpntxnxrz' | 
Wxb be fxrs ne'txv do'rxrj | qx6 xnstxlz' | 
Ae stu'rxi] me'mcon ov a Bcp'zand yxrz^ ; | 
AndPyvan'z,|Do'nald'z fem|rxrjzxn x6 klanz'man'z xrzj| 

And Ar'denz wevz abuv bem hur grxn lxvz', | 
Du'x wxb ne'cur'z txr-drops, az be pas^ | 
Grx'vxrj, xf ot xnan'xmet e'ur grxvz, | 
Q'ur bx unrxtur'nirj brev*, — | alas' ! | 
8r xvnxrj ts bx trodn lik be grass | 
Qx6 nq) bxnxb v bem, | but abuv^ cal grco, | 
In xts next^ vmvcjur, | qen bxs fin mas | 
Ov li'vxrj va'lur, | rco'lxrj on be fa, | 
And burmxrj wxb hi heap, | cal mcol'dur kcold, and 1q. v | 

Last nsn bxheld' bem ful ov lus'tx lif; | 
Last xv, xn Butx'z sur'kl prcpd'lx ge v ; | 
Ae mxd'nit brot be sxg'nal sqpnd ov strifi ; | 
Ae morn, | be mar'calxrj xn armz x , — | bs de, I 
Batd'z magnx'fxsentlx-sturn are* ! | 
Ae Sumdur-klcpdz klcoz co'ur xt, | qx£, qen rent, | 
Ax ur& xz ku'vurd dxk wxb u v bur kta | 
Qx£ hur com kle cal kuvvur, | hxpt and pent, | 
Ri'dur, and hors^ — | frend\, | for, — | in wun red 
bs'rxal blent. ! I 



PRa.KTXK&L LLfJKUCtlN. 181 

MAR'KQ BOZATtlS. 

(mVLEK.) 

At mxd'nit, in hiz gardsd tent, | 

As Turk woz drx'mxn ov bx ccr | 
Qsn Grxs, | hur nx in sup'lisns bent, | 

Cud trsm'bl at hiz pq^ur: | 
In drxmz, Srs kamp and kort, hx bor | 
As tro'fxz ov a kor/kurur ; | 

In drxmz hiz son ov trrumf hurd* ; | 
Aen wor hiz mo'nark's sx^nst-rxrj ; | 
Asn prest bat moirark's dron v — | a kir/; | 
Az wild hiz Oots, and ge ov win, | 

Az X'dsn'z gardn-burd. | 

At mid'nit, in be fo*rsst-cedz, | 

Bozaris rencjd hiz Sxrlxot band* — | 
Tru az bs stxl ov bor tri'sd bledz x , j 

Hx'rcoz in hart and hand v . | 
Aor had bs Pur'can'z -&cp v zandz stud, ; | 
Aor had hs glad ur& drunk bor blud^, [ 

On old Platra'z de^— | 
And ncp bor brxbd bat han'tsd or, | 
As sunz ov sirz hs korpkurd bon, | 
Wib arm ts strik, | and sol ts dor, | 

Az kwik, az far' az be*. \ 

An cpr past onv — | bs Turk awok x — | 

Aat brit drxm woz hiz last ; | 
Hx wok ts hxr hiz ssn'tnz crxlr — | 
" Ts armz v ! | be kunr ! | bs Grxb ! bs Grxh !" j 
Hx wok ts di midst flem and smok% | 
16 



182 PR&KTXKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

And ccpt and gran, and se^bur-strok, | 

And dsO'-cots fo'lxrj $xk and fast, | 
Az lit'nxnz from bs mcpn txn-klcpd ; | 
And hurd, wxb vqs az trunrpst-lcpd, | 

Boza'rxs for hxz band* : | 
" Strik txl bs last armd fo sxpirz* ; | 
Strik for yur oFtarz and yur firz v ; | 
Strik for be grxn grevz ov yur sirz^ — | 
God x , and yur ne'txv landM" 

Ae fot lik brev v men — | lorj, and wslv ; | 

Ae pild bat grcpnd wxb Moz'lsm slen v ; ; 
Ae korjkurd — | but Boza'rxs fsl, | 

Blx'dxrj at s'vurx ven . | 
Hxz fu survi'vxrj kom'redz so | 
Hxz smil qsn ran bor prcpd huro x , | 

And bs rsd fxld woz wun x ; | 
Asn so xn dsS hxz i/lxdz kloz | 
Kam'lx, az ts a nit's rxpozv, | 

Lik flcp N urz at sst ov sun . | 

Kum ts bs bri'dal £enrbur, Ds&, ! | 

Kum ts ti8 mu bur'z, | qsn ex fxlz | 
For he furst tim, | hur furst-born'z brs£K 

Kum qsn bs bls'ssd sxlz | 
Aat klcoz bs pss'txlsns, ar brok, | 
And krcp'dsd sx'txz wel xts strcok — | 
Kum xn konsunrcun'z gasUx forin , | 
Ax urdkwek cok', | bx GKCun-storm — | 
Kum qsn bs hart bxts hi and worm, | 

Wxb barykwst-sorj, | and dans', | and wiiiv 
And bep art tsrxbl — | bs txr, | 



PRa.KTXKAL ELRIUJCUN. 183 

Ae grcori;, | be nel', | be pol', | be bxn ; | 
And ol wx no', | or drxm', | or fxr' | 
Ov a'gonx, | ar bin . | 

But ts be hx'ro, | qen hxz sord | 

Haz wun be ba'tl for be frx, | 
Ai vas sqmdz lik a promt's wurd ; | 
And in its holo tonz, ar hurd | 

Ae danks ov mxhyunz yet ts bx v . | 
Kum qen hxz task ov fenr xz rot — | 
Kum wxb hur loTel-lxf, | blud^-bot — | 

Kum xn hur krcpnxq qpr — | and ben j 
Ai sunkn i'z unurd'lx lit | 
Ts hxm xz wel'jmm az be sit | 

Ov ski and starz ts prxznd men : | 
Ai grasp xz wel'kum az be hand | 
Ov bru'bur xn a forxn landv ; | 
Ai su'munz, wel'kum az be kri | 
Aat tcold bx In'dxan Ilz x wer ni | 

Ts be wurld'-sxkxrj De v noxz, | 
Qen be land'-wxnd, | from wudz ov pam, | 
And o'rxnc]-grovz, | and fxldz ov bam, | 

BIlj o'ur be He'tiansxz^. | 

Boza'rxs ! | wxb be sto'rxd brev, | 

Grxs nur'furd xn hur glorx'z tim, | 
Rest v bx — | bor xz no prcp'dur grev, | 

Xvn xn hur on prefd klini . | 
Cx wor no fo'nural wxdz for br, | 

Nor bad be dark hurs wev xts plum | 
Lik torn bran£ from De£Ps v lxf les ta, | 
In soro'z pomp and pa^cjentrx, , 

Ae harries luk'curx ov be tsm . I 



184 PRiKTlKaL LLflKUCUN. 

But cx rxmenvburz bx az wun | 
Lorj luvcb, | and for a sxzn gonr, \ 
For bx hur poet's lir xz rxbd ; | 
Hur marbl rot% | hur mu'zxk brxbdv ; j 
For bx cx rxrjz be burfr-de beta ; | 
Ov bx hur bebz' furst lxs^pxrj teta; 
For bin hur xvnxrj pror xz sed | 
At padas-kfx* andko*txc)-bed; | 
Hur sol'cjur, klorzxrj wxb be fco, | 
Gxvz, for bi sek, a dedvlxur blo^; | 
Hxz pli'ted medn, qen cx fxrz | 
For hxm, be <Jcs ov hur yurj yxrz, | 
©xrjks ov br fet, | and 6eks hur txrzx — ( 

And cx, be mu'bur ov bi baz% | 
Ao xn hur i and feded 6ck | 
Iz red be grxf cx wxl not spxks | 

Ae me'mcori ov hur be'rxd cJctzx, | 
And xvn cx hs gev bx bur& v , | 
Wxl, bi bor pxl'grxm-surkld hur$, | 

Tok ov bi dsm wxbcpt' a sr : | 
For bcp art Frx v dum'z nqy, | and FemV ; 
Wun ov be fu, | bx xmor tal nemz, | 

Aat wer not born ts di . I 



LOKXL'Z' WORNXIj. 

(Ka. v MEL.) 

Wi'zurd and LokxV. 

WX'ZURD. 

Lokxl', Lokxl', bxwor' ov be de' | 

Qen be Lorlandz cal mxt bx xn ba'tl are 1 ! | 



PRaKTIKiL LLQKUCUN. 185 

For a fxld ov bs dsd ru'cxz red on mi sit, | 
And bs klanz ov Kulo'dsn ar ska' turd in fh\ : | 
Ae ra x li, | be blxd\ | for bar kirj'dum and krcpn* ; | 
Wo, wo ts bs ri'durz bat tram'pl bsm dcpn* ! | 
Prqpd Kum'burland pran'sxz, xnsul'tii) be slen x , | 
And bar hsf-bxtn bs'zumz ar trod ts bs plen . | 
But hark 1 ! | Srs bs fast'-flacxn lit'nxrj ov wor, | 
Qot stxd ts bs ds'zurt fliz fran'txk and far' ? | 
'Txz bin Q Glsnu'lxn ! | hsz brid cal awet', | 
Lik a luv-litsd wo6'-fir, ol nit at bs get. | 
A stxd kumz at mornin — | no ri'dur xz bm\ ; | 
But xts bri'dl xz rsd wxb bs sin ov dxspor . | 
Wxp x , Akbxn ! | ts ds& and kaptxVxtx lsdv ! | 
Q wxp' ! | but bi txrz ka'not num'bur bs dsd v : | 
For a mursilss sord on Kulo'dsn cal wev, | 
Kulo'dsn bat rxks wxb be blud ov bs brev . | 

LOKXI/. 

Go prx6 ts be kcp'ard, | bcp ds^-tslxrj sxn ! | 
Or, xf go'rx Kulo'dsn so drsd'ful apxr ! | 
Dro, do'tard, arcpnd' bi old we'vurxn sit, | 
Axs man tl, | ts ku'vur bs fan'tumz ov frit,. | 

WX'ZURD. 

Ha v ! | lafst bcp, Lokxl', mi vx'jun ts skorn' ? | 
Prcpd burd ov bs mcpn'txn, | bi plum cal bx torn. ! | 
Se v , | ruct bs bold x'gl, s£ful'tinli for$, | 
From hxz horn xn bs dark'-rolin klcpdz ov be nor$'?j 
Lo ! be ds&'cot ov fo'msn qpt-spx'dirj, hx rod | 
Kompan yunlss, | bo'rxrj dxstrubcun abrodv ; | 
But dqrrr 1st him stsp from hxz ha'vuk on hi* ! | 
A ! horn' 1st him spxd v , | for bs spcrlur xz ni . | 
18* 



186 PRAKTIKAL h L fi K IJ C U N. 

Qi flemz be far s^mxt ? | Qi est ts be blast | 

Aoz emburz, | lik starz from be fui\mament, kast v ? 

'Txz be fir'-cqmr ov rirxn, | ol dred'fulx drxvn | 

From hxz e tx, | bat bx'knz be dark'nes ov hev n. | 

Q kres'ted Lokxl' ! | be pxr'les xn mit, | 

Hsz ba'nurz ariz' on be bailments hit, | 

Hevn'z fir xz arcpnd' bx ts blast and ts bum ; | 

Rxtunv ts bi dwe'lxr) : | ol lwmlx rxturn* ! | 

For be blak'nes ov acxz cal mark qor xt studv, | 

And a wild mu'bur skrxm co'ur hur fa'mxcxq brad ! 

LOKXI/. 

Fols Wxzurd, avonf ! | I hav marcald mi klan v : | 
Aor scordz ar a xkpzand; | bor bs'zumz ar wum: 
Ae ar tru ts be last ov bor blud and bor bre$ 4 , | 
And lik rx purz dxsend' ts be har'vest ov de$ . | 
Aen wehkum bx Kum'burland'z stxd ts be cok 1 ! | 
Let hxm dac hxz prepd fom lik a wev on be rob ! | 
But wco ts hxz kxn^dred, | and wco ts hxz koz', | 
Qen AFbxn hur kle'mcor xndxg^nantlx drozv ; | 
Qen hur bo'neted 6xftxnz ts vxk'tcori krepd, | 
Klanro'nald be dant'les, and More be prepd ; | 
01 pla'ded and plumd xn bor tar'tan are' | 

WX'ZURD. 

Lokxl', Lokxl', bxwon ov be dev ! | 

For, dark, and dxsporxrj, mi sit I me sxl, | 

Yet man ka'not ku'vur qot God wud rxvxk : | 

'Txz be sun'set ov lif gxvz mx mxs'txkal tor, | 

And ku'mxr) xvents' kast bor ca'dcoz bxfeor . | 

I tel bx, Kulco'den'z dred e'kcoz cal rxn | 

Wxb be blud'hqmdz bat bark for bi fu'cjxtxv kxm. | 



PR&KTXK&L ELQKUCUN. 187 

Leo ! anan'ted bi hsvn wxb bs vi'alz ov ra$, | 

Bxhcold' qor hx fliz on hxz ds'scolet pa£h ! | 

Ncp xn dark'nss and bx'lcoz, hx swxps from mi sit* : | 

Riz v ! riz' ! yx wild tsm'pssts, and ku'vur hxz flit ! — | 

'Txz fx nxct.— | Aor Oun'durz ar huct on bs msrz 1 ; | 

Kulco'dsn xz lost, | and mi kun'trx dxplcorzv. | 

But qor xz bx i'urn-bcpnd prxz^nur ? | Qor ? | 

For be red i ov ba'tl xz cut xn dxspon. | 

Se x , mepnts hx bx co'cun-wev, | bamxet, forlorn', | 

Lik a lxm from hxz kun'trx, kast blx'dxn and torn? j 

A ! nco x ; | for a darkur dxpancur xz nxr ; | 

Ac wor'-drum xz muf Id, | and blak xz be bxr* ; | 

Hxz ds$'-bsl xz tco x lxrj ; | Q ! mursx, dxspsl' | 

Yon sit, bat xt frxzxz mi spx'rxt ts teh ! | 

Lif flu'turz, komvulst' xn hxz kwx'vurxrj lxmz*, | 

And hxz blud'-strxmxrj nos'trxl xn a v gconx swxmzv. j 

Akurst' bx bs fa'guts bat blez at hxz fxt,, | 

Qor hxz hart* cal bx Srcon, or xt sx'sxz ts bxt, | 

Wxb be smcok ov xts a'cxz ts poczn bs gel' | 

LOKXL\ 

Dcpn , ssMss xnsuktur ! | I trust not bs tek ; | 

For ns*vur cal Al'bxn a dss'txnx mxt | 

Sco blak wxb dxzo nur — | sco fcpl wxb rxtrxt x . | 

Aco hxz ps'rxcxn ranks cud bx strcod xn bor gcor, | 

Lik co cun-wxdz hxpt on bs surf-bxtn ccor, 

Lokxl', unten'tsd bi flit, or bi 6enz\ | 

Qil bs kxnd'lxrj ov lif xn hxz bs'zum rxmenz', | 

Cal vxk'tur safulf, | or xn ds& bx led lcov, | 

Wxb hxz bak ts bs fxld, | and hxz fxt ts bs fco* ! | 

And lx'vxr) xn ba'tl nco blot on hxz nem, | 

Luk prcpd'lx ts hsv x n | from bs ds^'-bsd ov femv. | 



188 PR&KTXK&L ELQKIJCtlN. 

AL HUR\MIT. 
(be x ti.) 

At be klcoz ov be de, qen be ham'let xz stxl, | 

And mor'talz be swxts ov forge t'fulnes prsv; | 
Qen not but be torrent xz hurd on be hil, | 

And not but be ni'txngel'z sorp in be grov* : | 
It woz bus, bi be kev ov be mcpn'txn afar', | 

Qil hxz harp rurj sxmfo'nxus, | a hur mxt bxganv ; | 
No mar wxb hxmself', or wxb ne N cxir at wor', | 

Hx dot az a secjs | bo hx fslt az a man ( . | 

A ! qi ol aban'dund ts dark'nes and wo x ? | 

Qi, Ion Fxlcomx'la, bat lan'gwxcxn fok ? | 
For sprxrj cal rxturn', and a lu'vur bxsto', | 

And so'ro no lorj'gur bi bs'zum xnSroL | 
But, xf pi'tx xnspir bx, | rxnu' be sad le v ; | 

Morn, swx'test komple'nur, | man 1 kolz bx ts morn*; | 
Q ssb hxm hsz pie'jurz lik bin' pas awe s ; | 

Ful kwxk v lx be pasv — | but f be nevur rxturn^. | 

Nop gli'dxn rxracot' on be vurcj ov be ski, | 

Ae msn haf-extxrj'gwxct, hur kre^sent dxsplezs ; | 
But let'lx I markt | qen macjes'txk on hi v | 

Cx com, | and be pla'nets wer lost xn hur blez . | 
Rol 01V, bcp for orb, | and wxb glad'nes pursu' | 

Ae pad bat kondukts' bx ts splen'dur agen* : | 
But man'z fe'ded glo'rx | qot 6encJ cal rxnir ? | 

A fsF ! ts e^ult x xn a glo'rx so ven ! | 

'T xz nit x — | and be land'skep xz luv'lx no mon : | 
I morn' ; | but yx wud'landz, I morn not for yjL n ; | 

For morn xz apro'6xn, yur 6armz ts rxstor*, | 

Purfumd' wxb free fre'grans, and glx'turxrj wxb dtt v . •' 



PR&KTXK&L EIQKDCUN. 15 

Nor yet for be ra'vxcj ov wxn'tur I mcoriix ; | 
Kind Nte'6ur, bx em'brxco b!o v sum wxl sev\ : | 

But qen cal sprxq vx'zxt be mcol'durxrj urn^ ! | 
Q qen cal de don on be nit ov be grev ! | 

'Twoz bus bi be glor ov fols si'ens bxtred', | 

Aat lxdz ts bxwxl'dur, and da'zlz ts blind ; | 
Mi Sots wunt ts room from ced orrward ts cedx, | 

Dxstruk'cun bxfor' mx, and so'ro bxhind . | 
Q px'tx, gret Fa'bur ov Lit, | ben I krid, | 

Ai krx'6ur hs fen wud not won'dur from bx\ ! | 
Leo, hum'bld in dust, I rxlxrj'kwxc mi prid^ : j 

From dept, and from dark'nes, | bep eomlx kanst frx . 

And dark'nes and dept ar nop fliarj awe' ; | 

Nco lon/gur I room xn koncjek^ur forlorn^ : | 
So breks on be tra Velur, | fent and astre N , | 

Ae brit and be ba'mx eful'cjens ov morn. | 
Sx Tru\>, Luv, and Mursx, xn tri umf dxse^dxrj, | 

And Ne'cxjr ol glcoarj xn X v den'z furst blsmu ! | 
On be kold 6xk ov De&, | smilz and rcrzxz ar blenvdxrj, 

And Bu'tx, xmor tal, I aweks' from be tsm . I 



A DIALOG BXTWXN' KIIJ EDWARD AND AX 
URL OV WQRXK. 

[Transle 1 ted from 8e FrenS bi Dr. Tomus Frar/klxn.'] 

hdw. Let mx hav no xntru ciurz ; | abuv ol, 
Kxp Worxk from mi sit v — | 

[En'tur Woitxk.] 
War. Bxhcold' hxm hxr — I 



100 PRSYKTXKAL LLfiKIJCUN. 

Nco wel'kum gest, it sxmz, | unles' I ask 
Mi lord ov Sirfulk's Ixv^ — | bar woz a tim | 
Qen Wo'rxk won'ted not hxz x ed | ts gen 
Admx'cun hxr . | 

Ldw. Aor woz a tim, purhaps', | 
Qen Wo'rxk racor dxzird', | and moor ^ dxzurvd xt^ 

War. Nevur; | I 'v bin a fs'lxc, feS'ful slev ; | 
01 mi best yxrz% | be mor'nxr) ov mi lif \ | 
Hav bin dxvoD'ted ts yur survxs : | qot 
Ar ncp be fruts* 1 | Dxzgres x and xnvfamx — | 
Mi spot'les nem, | qx£ ne'vur yet be bre$ 
Ov ka'lumnx had ten'ted, | med be mok 
For fo'rxn fslz* ts karp* at^ : | but 't xz fxt% | 
Hs trust xn prxn^'sxz, | cud bx bus rxwor v ded. | 

hdw. I Sot, mi lord, | I had ful wel rxped x 
Yur sur'vxsxz | wxb onmrz, | welS v , and pcp'ur 
Unlxnrxted : | bi ol-dxrek'txrj hand | 
Gi'ded xn sx'kret | e'vurx le'tent qxl 
Ov gu'vurnment, | and msvd be hcol macxn v : | 
Wo'rxk woz ol xm ol v , | and pcp'urles Ld w ward | 
Stud lik a srfur xn be gret akcpnt v . 

War. Hs gev bat si'fur wur$% | and sx'ted bx 
On Irjg'land'z drcon 1 | Ai undxstxrj'gwxct nem j 
Had ro'ted xn be dust from qens xt sprarj\ | 
And mol'durd xn oblx v vxun, | had not Wo'rxk | 
Dug from its sor'dxd min | be yus'Ies cor, | 
And stampt xt wxb a dradem. | Acp no'est 
Axs re'6ed kun'trx, | dsmd, purhaps 7 , lik Rom', [ 
Ts fol bi xts on self-dxstraxrj hand^ | 
Tost for sco me'nx yxrz | xn be ruf sx 
Ov sx'vxl dxs'kord, | but for mx had pgTxct. | 
Xn bat dxstres'ful cpr, | I sxzd be helm', | 



PRaKTXKftL LLQKUCIIN. 191 

Bad be ruf wevz subsid' xn pxs% | and stxrd 
Yur ca'turd ve'sel sef xnts be hanbur. | 
Yu me dxspiz', purhaps', | bat yus'les ed | 
Qx6 yu no lorj'gur wont x ; | but nco, prcpd yuS, | 
Hx hs forgets' a frend w , | dxzurvz' a for. | 

Edw. Nco, ts, | rxprcotV for be'nxfxts rxsxvd', | 
Pez e'vurx det, | and kan'selz oblxgevcun. | 

War. Qi, bat xndxd' xz frugal o*nestx, | 
A Srxf'tx sevxrj no x lecj : | qen bs det 
Grcoz burdnsum, | and ka'not bx dxs£arc]d' | 
A spunc] wxl wip cpt oh, | and kost yu nur&xrj. | 

Edw. Qen yu hav kcpn'ted co'ur bs nu'murus tren 
Ov mi'tx gxfts | yur bcpn'tx la'vxct on mx, | 
Yu me rxmem'bur next | bx xn cjurxz 
Qxc I hav duiryuv ; | 1st mx nco bem oh, | 
And I wxl mek yu am'pl satxsfal^cun. | 

War. Acp kanst x not ; | bcp hast robd mx ov a (Ju'el| 
It xz not xn bi pep ur ts rxstcon : | 
I woz be furst v , cal fu'6ur a'nalz se, | 
Aat brcok bs se'kred bond ov pub'hk trust | 
And mutual komfxdens; | amba'sadurz, 
In af'tur timz, | mxr xn'struments, purhaps', | 
Ov vx'nal stets^men, | cal rxkol' mi nem | 
Ts wxt'nes bat be wont not an es-am pi, | 
And plxd mi gxlt | ts sarjk'txfi bar arts. \ 
Amxdst/ be hurd ov mur'sxnarx slevz 
Aat hant yur kcort,|kud nun bx fcpnd but Wo'rxk, | 
Ts bx be cem'les herald ov a li' ? | 

Edw. And wudst bcp turn be vil rxprcocV on mx' ? | 
If I hav brcok mi feS, | and stend be nem 
Ov Ingland, | Sank bi con purnx'cus kepmselz | 
Aat urcjd x mx ts xt , | and extor'ted from mx | 
A kcold konsent' ts qot mi hart abhordw 



1S2 PR&KTXKCYL ELfiKUCUN. 

War. I 'v bin abuzd% | xnsuVted, | and bxtredv ; | 
Mi xn'cjurd cnur kriz alcpd' for verrcjans, | 
Hur wsndz wxl ne'vur kloz^ ! | 

Edw. Axz gusts ov pa'cun | 
Wxl but xnflenv bem v . [ If I hav bxn rit 
Informd', mi lord, | bxsidz bxz den'cjurus skarz 
Ov blxdxn o u nur, | yu hav u'bur wsndz 
Az dxp\ | bo not so festal : | su6, purhaps-,. | 
Az nun but for Xlx zabeQ- kan kur . | 

War. Xlx'zabea ! | 

Ldw. Ne, start^ not i — | I hav koz 
Ts wun'dur most : | I lx'tl \k>t, xndxd', | 
Qen Wo'rxk told mi, I mit him ts luv, | 
Hx woz himself 7 sod ebl ts xnstrukt* mx. : | 
But I 'v dxsku'vurd ol x — | 

War. And so hav T — | 
Ts wel I no bi brx£ ov frend'cxp bor v , | 
Ai frut'les, bes x ende'vurz ts suplant rm . | 

Edio. I skorn it, sur — | Xli'zabed ha& 6armz% 
And I hav x'kwal rit wxb yu ts admir bern ; | 
Nor sx I ot so god'lik xn be forms | 
So ol-koman dxrj xn be nem ov Wo'rxk, | 
Aat hx alon' cud re'vel xn be 6armz 
Ov bu'tx, | and mono'poliz purfebcun. | 
I nu not ov yur luv . | 

War. 'T xz fols* ! \ 
Yu nu xt or-, | and mxn'lx tuk oke'jun, | 
Qilst I woz bi'zxd xn bs no'bl o'fxs, | 
Yur gres dot fxt ts o'nur mx wxb 61', | 
Ts tam'pur wxb a wxk, ungar'ded wu man, | 
And besdx stxl a tre'jur | 
Qx£ yur kxrj'dum kud not purcas. | 



PRAKTIKAL hLOKUCUN. 193 

Edw. Hep no yu bat 1 | but bx xt az xt me*, | 
\ fiad a rift, | nor wxl I tem'lx yxld 
Mi Idem ts ha'pxnes, | be prx'vxlecj 
Tb 6sz be part'nur ov mi xrroir : | 
Xt xz a bran£ ov mi prxmgatxv. | 

War. Prxrovgatxv ! | qot 's bat? be bast ov trrants,| 
A bo'rad ojuel, | gli'turxrj xn be krepn 
Wxb spx^cus lusvtur, | lent but ts bxtre*. | 
Yu had xt, sur, | and hald v xt, | from be prpl. | 

Edw. And berfar ds I priz^ xt : | I wud gard 
Adr Ix'burtxz, | and be cal strerjSn mbv : \ 
But qen prep d fak'cun, and hur re'bel kru | 
Xnsult' bar suv x nn, | tram'pl on hxz loz v , | 
And bxd dxfrans ts hxz pcp'ur,|be px'pl, 
Xn cjus'txs ts bemselvz*, | wxl ben dxfsnd' 
Hxz koz', | and vxrrdxket be rits be gev . | 

War. Go* ts yur dar^lxrj px A pl, ben.; | for ssn, 
Xf I mxstek' not, | 't wxl bx nxd»ful ; | tri 
Aor bos'tsd zxl, | and sx xf wun v ov bem | 
Wxl dor ts lxft hxz arm up xn yur koz, I 
Xf I forbid, him. | 

Edw. Xz xt sco, mi lord ? | 
Aen mark mi wurdz. : ! I 'v bin yur slev ts Ion*, | 
And yu hav ruld mx wxb a rod ov rurn ; | 
But hens'farS no, prepd pxr, | I am bi mas'tur, | 
And wxh bx sco : | bs kin hs de'Ixgets 
Hxz pcp'ur tsu'burz'handz', | but xl dxzurvz' 
Ae krepm hx w T orz v . | 

War. Luk wel ben ts yur on v : | 
Xt sxts but lsslx on yur lied, ; | for na v , | 
Ae man hs iivcjurd Worxk, | ne'vur past 
Unpu'nxct yst v . | 
17 



191 PRSVKTXKAL LLQKIJCUN. 

Eidw. Nor hx hs Sret'nd Ld^ward — | 
Yu me rxpent^ xt, sur — | mi gardz* boi\ — | sxz 
Axs tre^tur, | and konve' hxm ts be Ttp v ur — | 
Aor let hxm lurn cobx^dxens. 



SPXC ON AL SUB'DEKT OV EMPLQ'IIJ AX 
INDIANZ TH FIT AGLNST' AX AMKRJ 
KANZ. Nov. 18, 1777. 

(lord Ca^TAM.) 

I ka not, mi lordz, | I wxP not | cjan xn kongra6u 
lccun | on mxsfor£un and dxzgres^. | Axs, mi lordz, | 
xz a pe'rxlus and trxmemdus moment : | xt xz not a 
tinr for aclule cun : | be smsbmes ov fla'turx ka'not sev 
us | xn bxs ru'ged and o N ful krisxs. | It xz ncp ne'sesari | 
ts xnstrukf be Srcon xn be lan'gwxcj ov truS*. | Wx 
must, xf po'sxbl, | dxspel' be dxlu'jun and dark'nes qx6 
envelup xt ; | and dxsple' xn xts ful den'cjur and cjen'- 
yuxn kulurz, | be ru'xn qx6 xz brot ts cpr dorzx. 

Kan mx'nxsturz stxl prxzum 7 ts expekt' supcort' xn 
bar xnfa6ue'cun ? | Kan parlxment bx sco ded ts xts 
dxg'nxtx and du'tx,.| az ts gxv xts supcort' ts me'jurz 
bus obtru'ded, and fcorst upon' xt? | me'jurz, mi lordz, I 
qx6 hav rxdusf bxs let flu'rxcxn em'pir | ts skorn and 
kontemt. | But yes'turde, | and Iqg'land mit hav stud 
agenst' be wurld' ; | ncp, nun so psr az ts ds hur mvu- 
rens ! | 

Ae px'pl hsm wx at furst dxspizd' az re v belz, | but 
hsm wx nqp akno'Iecj az e v nxmxz, | ar abe'ted agenst* 
us, | suplid' wxb e'vurx mxlxta'rx stcor , | bar xn'turest 



P R a K T X K 5V L LLfiKIJCUN. 195 

konsul'ted, | and bor amba'sadurz enturtend' | bi cpr 
xnve'turet e^nxmx ; | and mx'nxsturz ds not, | and dor 
not | xnturpoz' wxb dxg'nxtx, or efekt.. | 

Ae des'puret stet ov cpr ar'mx abrod', | xz, xn part 
neon . | No man mcor hi'lx estxmz' and onurz bx Irjg'lxc 
trsps ban L dsi : j I no bor vur'£uz and bor valur ;| 
I no be kan acxv e'nx Sxrj but xmposxbxlxtxz ; | and I 
no bat be korj'kwest ov Irjg'lxc Ame'rxka, | xz x an xm- 
posxbxJxtx : | yu ka x not, mi lordz, | yu kanot korj'kur 
Ame rxka. | 

Qot xz yur pre'zent sxcue cun bo^ ? | Wx ds not 
no be wurst v ; | but wx no | bat xn 3rx kampenz' | wx 
hav dun nu $xn, | and su'furd muc\. | Yu me swcl 
8'vurx expense | aku'mulet e'vurx asxs'tans, | and 
extend' yur tra'fxk ts be cam'blz ov e'vurx JDurman 
des^pot, | yet yur atemts' wxl bx for e'vur ven and im 1 - 
potent ; | duMx so xndxd | from bxs mur'sxnarx ed on 
qx£ yu rxliv ; | for xt x'rxtets, ts an xnku'rabl rxzenf- 
ment, | be mindz^ ov yur ad'vursarxz, | ts ovurrun' 
bem wxb be mur'sxnarx sunz ov ra'pxn and pluirdiir, | 
dxvo'txrj bem and bor poze'eunz, | ts be rapa'sxtx ov 
hir'lxn kru eltx. | If I wer an Ame'rxkan, | az I am an 
Irjg v hcman, | qil a fo'rxn trsp woz lan'ded xn mi kun'- 
trx, | I ne^vur wud le depn mi armzv — | Nevvur! | 
Ne Vur ! | Ne vur ! 

But, mi lordz, | hs xz bs man | bat, xn adx'cun ts be 
dxzgre'sxz and mxs'cxfs ov be wor, | haz dord ts 
o'Suriz, and aso'cxet ts cpr armz | be to'mahok and 
skal'pxrj-nif ov be sawxej — | ts kol xnts sx'vxlizd ali'- 
ans, | be wild*and xnhu'man xnha'bxtant ov be wudz* — ] 
ts de'lxget ts be mur'sxles Imdxan ] be dxfens 7 ov dis- 
puted ritsv, | and ts wee) be ho'rurz ov hxz* bar'barua 



196 PRaKTIKJVL RLQKIJCUN. 

wor agenst' (pr brebvren 1 | Mi lordz, | bxz xnormxtiz j 
kri alcpd' for rxdres' and pu^nxcment. | 

But, mi lordz, | bxs barbarus me'jur has bxn dx- 
fen'ded, | not on'lx on be prxn'sxplz ov po'lxsx and nx- 
se v siti, | but ol'so on boz ov mora^lxtx ; | "for it xz 
purfektli alcp'abl," | sez Lord Su'fulk, | " ts yuz ol §8 
mxnz | bat God and ne'£ur hav put xn'ts cpr handz/' 
I am asto^nxct, | I am cokt v , | ts hxr su6 prxn'sxplz 
konfest ; j ts hxr bem avcpd' xn bxs heps', | or xn bxs 
kun^trx ! | 

Mi lordz, 1 1 dxd not intend' ts enkrofr so mu6 on yur 
aten^cun ; | but I ka'not rxpres' mi mdxgne^cun : | I fxl 
mi'self xmpeld' ts spxk . | Mi lordz, | wx ar kold upon' 
az mem'burz ov bxs hcps x , | az men', | az Krxs^anz, | ts 
protest' agenst' su6 ho'nbl barba^nti — | " Aat God, 
and ne'6ur hav put nvts qr handzj" | Qot idx'az ov 
God, and ne'6ur | bat no'bl lord me enturten', | I no v 
not; | but I no | bat su6 dxtes'tabl prxm'sxplz j ar 
X'kwali abho'rent ts rxli'cjun and hijma v nxtx. | 

Qot ! | ts atri'but be se'kred sarjk'cun ov God, and 
ne'£ur, | ts be ma'sakurz ov bx In'dxan skal'pxn-nif ! | 
ts be kamxbal sa'vxc), | tor'6wrirj, | mur'dunrj, | and 
dxvcprxrj hxz unha'pi vxk'timz ! | Su6 no'cunz cok 
e'vun prx'sept ov mora^lxtx, | e'vun fx'lxrj ov huma x - 
nxtx, | e'vun sen'txment ov o.nur. | Axz abo'mxnabl 
prin'sxplz, | and bxs mor abo'mxnabl avcp v al ov bem, | 
dxmand' be most dxsi'siv indxgne^cun. | 

I kol upon' bat rit re'vurend, | and bxs most lurned 
ben£, | ts vin'dxket be rxli'cjun ov bar God x , | ts sup- 
ort' be ^us'txs ov bar kun^trx. | I 'kol upon' be 
bi'cups | ts inturpoz' bx unsu'lxd sank'txtx ov bar 
lon x , | upon' be cju'cjiz | ts inturpoz' be pu'riti ov bar 



P R a. K T X K A. L LLfiKIJCUN. 197 

urmxn, | ts sev us from bis poluvcun. | I kol upon' bx 
o'nur ov yifr lord^cxps | ts re'vurens be dxg'nxtx ov yur 
an sesturz, | and ts menten' yur coir. | I kol upon' be 
spx'rxt and huma'nxtx ov mi kun trx, | ts vxirdxket be 
na'cunal ka*raktur : | I xnvok' bs cjx'nxus ov be Brx'txc 
Konstxtucun. | 

Ts send fcorQ- be mur'sxles Xn v dxan, | vmrs'txn for 
blud ( ! | agenst' hsrn ? | Yur Pro'testant brebvren ! | Ts 
le west bor kun v trx, | ts de'scolet bor dwe v lxrjz, | and 
extur'pet bor res and nein, | bi bx ed and xnstru- 
menta'lxtx | ov bxz ungu'vurnabl sa^xcjxz. | Spen kan 
no lorj'gur bost prx-e v mxnens xn barba*rxtx. | Cx armd 
hurself wxb blud^-hcpndz | ts extur'pet be re£'ed ne'txvz 
ov Mex^xko; | wx, mar ruQ'les, | lss bxz v dogz ov wor | 
agenst' cpr kun'trxmen xn AmsYxka, | endxrd' ts us | bi 
e'vurx ti bat kan sarjk'txfi humanxtx. | 

I so'lemlx kol upon' yur lord'cxps, | and upon' e'vurx 
or'dur ov men xn be stet\ | ts stamp upon' bxs xn'famus 
prosx'cjur, | bx xnde'lxbl stxg'ma ov be pub'lxk ab- 
ho^rens. | Mrar partx'kularlx, | I kol upon be ve'nurabl 
pre'lats ov cpr rxlx^cjim, | ts ds awe x bxs xnxJkwxtx; | let 
bem purfornv a lustre x cun | ts pu'rxfi be kun' trx | from 
bxs dxp and ded*lx sxn . | 



APOS'TRQFX TK LIT 1 . 

(mxltun.) 

Hel ! ho'lx Lit*, | ofsprxrj ov Hevn, farst born', 
Or ov bx Xtur'nal kco-xturnal bxnr, | 
Me I expres' bx unblemd' ? | sxns God x xz lit', | 
And ne'vur but xn unapro v 6ed lit\, 

17* 



198 PRaKTHiaL ELQKUCUN. 

Dwelt from xtur nxtx, | dwelt ben in bx v , | 
Brit e'fluens ov brit e'sens xn^krxet ; | 
Or hxr'st bcp ra'bur, | pur x$x'rxal strxnr, | 
Hsz fcpn'txn hs cal tel ? | Bxfor be sun v , | 
Bxfcor be hev nz, bcp wert', | and at be vas 
Ov God, | az wxb a man tl, | dxdst xnvest' 
Ae ri'zxi) wurld ov wcrturz, | dark and dxp v , | 
Wun from be vcid and form'les xn*fxnxt. | 

Ax I rxvx'zxt ncp wxb bol'dur wxrj v , | 
Lskept' be Stx'cjxan psl, | bo lorj dxtend' 
In bat obskur' socjurn', | qil xn mi flit, | 
@rs u'tur and &rs mx v dl dark'nes beam, | 
Wxb u'bur nots ban ts bx Or'fxan lir, | 
I sun ov ke'os, and xtur'nal nit ; | 
Tot bi be hevnlx muz | ts ven'6ur dcpn 
Ae dark dxsent', | and up ts rx-asend*, | 
Ao hard and ran : | bx I rxvx'zxt sef , | 
And fxl bi su'vurxn, vi'tal lamp v ; | but bcp 
Rxvx'zxt'st not bxz iz x | bat ral xn ven, | 
Ts find bi pxr'sxn re, | and find no don*; | 
So $xk a drop sxrxn' | ha& kwenct bar orbz v , 
Or dxm sufu'jun veld . | 

Yet not be mcor | 
Sxs I ts won'dur qor be mu zxz hank, | 
Klxr sprxrj', | or ce'dx grov', | or sunx hxh, | 
Smxt wxb be luv ov se'kred son, ; | but 6xf 
Ax, Si'un, | and be flcp'urx bruks bxnxb v , | 
Aat woe bi ha'lcod fxt, and worblxrj flco, | 
Nit'lx I vx,zxt: | nor sunrtimz forget' 
Acoz u'bur ts, I x'kwald wxb mx xn fet% I 



PR&RTXKa.L ELQKUCUN. 199 

(Sco wer I xkwald wxb bem xii rxncprr) | 
Blind ©a^mxrxs, | and blind Mxo nxdxz, | 
And Tirx'sxas and Fxnxas, | pro'fets oldv : | 
Aen fxd on &ots | bat vo'luntarx msv 
Harmwnxus nunrbura ; | az be wek'ful burd v 
Sxrjz darklxn, | and xn ce'dxest ku'vurt hxd, j 
Tunz hur nokturnal nots x , | 

Aus wxb be yxr, 
Sxznz rxtunr ; | but not ts mx rxturnz' 
De v , | or be swxt aprcofr ov x'n', or mornr— | 
Or sit ov vur'nal blsnf, | or su'mur'z rcoz v , | 
Or floks\ | or hurdzs | or hu'man fes dxvin, ; | 
But klcp d xnsted', | and e'vur-du-rxn dark* 
Surcf ndzv mx, | from be 6xr'ful wez ov men 
Kut of, | and for be buk ov no'letj for, | 
Prxzen'ted wxb a yunxvur'sal blank 
Ov ne'6ur'z wurks v , | ts mx expunejd'and rezd*, | 
And wxz'dum, at wun en'trans, kwit cut c[;t . | 
Sod mu£ be ra'bur bcp, sxles'6al Lit, | 
Cin xmward, | and be mind Srs ol hur pcp'urz 
Ire^dxet : | bar plant iz*, | ol mxst from bens | 
Pure] and dxspurs v , | bat I me sx and tel | 
Ov dxnz xnvx'zxbl ts mor'tal sit . | 



HX'DLIR i'LL 

[Lx'lraht from Mr. Burk's Spx6 on be Ne'bob ov 
Ar 'hot's Dets\] 

Amuij' be vxk/txmz ts bxs magnx'fxsent plan ov yu- 
nxvur'sal plun'dur, | pursud' bi be kum'panx xn Xn'dxa,| 



200 PRaKTIKiL ELQKKCUN. 

sco wurbx ov be hxrco'xk a'varxs ov be prcocjek'turz, ' 
yu hav ol hurd | (and hx haz med hxmself ts bx wel 
rxmem'burd) | ov an In'dxan "Cxf \ kold Hx'dur Alx 
Kan . | Axs man pozest' be wes v turn, | az bs kum'panx 
un'dur bs Ne'bob ov Arkot | duz bx xs'turn dxvxjun 
ov be Kama txk. | It woz amun' be Ix'dxn me'jurz in 
be dxsin' ov bxs kebal' | (akordxn ts bar con emfa'txk 
larj'gwxcj) | ts extur pet bxs Hx'dur A k. | Ae dxklard' 
be Ne'bob ov Ar'kot ts bx hxz sirvurxn, | and hxmself' 
ts bx a re'bel, | and pub'lxklx xnves'ted bar xn'stru- 
ment | wxb be su'vurxntx ov be kxndum ov Mxscor . | 
But bar vxk'txm woz not ov be pa'sxv kind v : | be wer 
ssn coblicjd' | ts konklxid 7 a trxtx ov pxs and klcos ali-ans 
wxb bxs re'bel, | at be gets ov Madras^. | 

Bco& bxfcor and sxns' bat tatx, | e'vurx prxirsxpl ov 
po'lxsx|pan'ted ept bxs pcp'ur az a natural alrans :|and, 
on hxz part, | xt woz kcorted bi e'vurx sort ov a'mxkabl 
o^fxs.| But bs ka'bxnet-kqm'sxl ov In'glxc kre'dxturzjwud 
not su'fur bar Ne'bob ov Ar'kot ts sin v be tatx, | nor 
x'vn ts gxv ts a prxns\ | at lxst hxz x'kwal, | bx or'dx- 
narx ti'tlz ov rxspekt' and kur txsx. | From bat tim for- 
ward, | a kontxn'yud plot' woz ka'rxd on wx'bxn be 
dxvan', | blak and qit 1 , | ov be Ne'bob ov Ar'kot, | for 
be dxstruk cun ov bxs Hx'dur A lx. | Az ts bx cpfward 
mem'burz ov be du'bl, | or ra'bur tre N bl gu'vurnment 
ov Madras', | qx£ had sind x be trx'tx, | be wer ol'wez 
prxven'ted bi sum covurru'lxn xn'flL T ens | (qx£ be ds not 
dxskrib', | but qx£ ka'not bx mxsundurstud v ) | from pur- 
for'mxn qot cjus'txs and xn'turest | kombind' SG3 e'vx- 
dentlx ts enfors. | 

Qen at len& Hx'dur A'lx | fcpnd bat hx had ts ds wxb 
men , hs xbur wud sin no konven'cun, I or hsm nco 



PR4KTIK.4I ELQKUCUN. 201 

trx'tx, and no sxg'natur kud binds | and hs wer be dx- 
turmxnd E'nimxz ov hu'man xn'turkors itself', | hx 
dxkrxd' ts mek be kun'trx, | pozesf bi bxz xnko'rxcjxbl 
and prxdes'txneted krx'mxnalz, | a me'murabl esranvpl 
ts mankind. | Hx rxzolvd', | xn be gls'mx rxse'sxz ov a 
mind kape'cus ov su6 3xnz, | ts lxv be hoi Karnatxk | 
an evurlas'txrj mon'yument ov vemcjans, | and ts put 
purpe'6&al desole cun, | az a ba'rxur bxtwxn' hxm and 
boz | agenst' hsm, | be fe9- qx6 holdz be mo'ral e'lx- 
ments ov be wurld tcoge'bur, | woz no prcotek cun. | 

Hx bxkem' at len$ | so kon'ftdent ov hxz fors, | and 
so kolek'ted xn hxz mit, |. bat hx med no sx'kret qot- 
ewur | ov hxz dred'ful rezoli; cun. | Ha'vxrj tur'mxneted 
hxz dxsputs' wxb e'vurx e'nxmx, and e'vurx ri'val, | hs 
be'rxd bor mutual anxmo'sxtxz | xn bor ko'mun xn'- 
terest agenst' be kred'xturz ov be Ne'bob ov Ar'kot, | 
hx drn from e'vurx kwor'tur | qote'vur a sa'vxcj fxro'- 
sxtx | kud ad' ts hxz nw rirdxments xn bx art ov dxstruk'- 
cun; | and, kompcfn'dxrj ol be matx'rxalz ov fu'rx, | 
hav'uk, and descole'cun, | xnts wun blak klcfd, | hx hurj 
for aqil on be dxklx'vxtxz ov be mccn txnz. | Qilst bx 
o'&urz ov ol bxz x'vlz | wer i'dlx and stu'pxdlx ge'zxrj 
on bxs me'nasxrj mx'txur, | (qxc blak'nd ol be hcori'zun)| 
xt su'dxnlx bursty | and pord dq:n be hcol ov xts kon- 
tents | upon' be plenz ov be Kama txk. | 

Aen ensud 7 a sxn ov wo x ; | be lik ov qx6 no i had 
sxn, | nor hart konsxvd*, | and qx£ no tui] kan a'dx- 
kwetli teh | 01 be ho'rurz ov wor, bxfoi" neon or hurd* 
ov, | wer mursx ts bat ni? ha vuk. | A storm ov yiinx- 
vur'sal fir*, | blas'ted e'vurx fxld\ | konsumd' e'vurx 
heps', | and dxstrad' e'vurx tern pi. | Ae mx'zurabl xn- 
ha'bxtants, ' flixi] from bor fle'mxrj vx'lxcjxz, | xn part, 



202 PRAKTJtK&L ELfiKIJCUN. 

wer slo'turd : | u'burz, | wxbcpt' rxgard' ts sex, ts e<J, ts 
rarjk, or se'krednes ov furjbcun — | fa'burz torn from 
bar 6xldren, | huz'bandz from wivz v , | enve'lupt in a 
qurl'wxnd ov ka'valrx, | and amidst' be go'dxrj spxrz 
ov dri'vurz, | and be tram'phrj ov pursu'xrj horsxz, | 
wer swept xn'ts kaptxv xtx | xn an unnoiv and hos'txl 
land. | Aoz hs W8r e'bl ts xved' bxs tem'pest, | fled ts 
be wo'led sxvtxz; | but, eske'pxq from fir, sard, and 
ex'il, | be fel xn'ts be cjoz ov fiamxn. | 

For e'txn mun$s v , | wxbcpt' xnturmx v cun, | bxs dx- 
struk'cun recjd from be gets ov Madras' | ts be gets ov 
Tanc)oi\ ; | and so komplxt^lx dxd bxz mas'turz xn bar 
art, | Hx'dur A'lx, and hxz mor fxro'cus sun, | abzolv 
bemselvz' ov bor xm'pxus vcp, | bat, qen be Brx'txc 
ar'mxz tra'vurst, az be dxd, | be Karna'txk for hun- 
dredz ov milz xn ol dxrek'cunz, | Srs be hoi lin ov bar 
mar£, | be dxd not sx wun manv, | not wun wirman, | 
not wun 6ild v , | not wun for-futed bxst' | ov e'nx dx- 
skrxp'cun qote vur. | Wun ded, yu'nxform si'lens | rend 
o'vur be hoi rx^cjun. | 



DARK NLS. 

(bi v rtev.) 

1 imn a drxm | qx£ woz not ol 1 a drxm> — | 
Ae brit sun woz extxrpgwxct ; | and be starz 
Dxd won'dur dark'lxrj xn bx xtur'nal spes, | 
Re'les and paries ; | and bx i'sx ur$ | 
Swurj blind and blaknxrj xn be msn'les or . 



PR&KTXKAL ELQKUCUN. 233 

Morn kem and went 1 , | and kem, and brot no dev ; | 
And mert forgot' bar pacunz | An be dred 
Ov bxs bar desole v cun ; | and ol harts 
Wer fold xnts a sel'fxc pror for lit v . | 

And be did kv bi wofr-firz ; | and be Srconz, | 

Ae pa'lasxz ov krcp'ned kxnz N — | be huts', | 

Ae habxte'cunz ov ol Sxrjz qx6 dwel% | 

Wer burnd for bx*knz. | Srtxz wer konsunni ; | 

And men wer ga'burd rqmd bar ble'zxrj hcomz | 

Ts luk wuns mcor xn'ts x6 u'bur'z fes^. | 

Ha'px wer be | hs dwelt wxbxn' bx i 

Ov be volke ncoz, | and bar mcpnvtxn-tor6. | 

A fxr'ful hap | woz ol be wurld kontend ; | 

For,ests wer set on fir* ; | and cpr bi cpr 

Ae fel and fe ded — | and be krak'lxrj trunks | 

Extxrjgwxct wxb a krac^, — | and ol woz blakv. | 

Ae brcpz ov men, | bi be dxspor'xrj lit, | 

War an unur$'lx as pekt, | az bi fxts 

Ae fla'cxz fel upon» bein . | Sum le dqm, | 

And hxd bar iz, | and wept ; | and sum dxd rest 

Aar 6xnz | upon- bar klxn'£ed handz, | and smild* ; | 

And u'burz hu'rxd ts and fro, | and fed 

Aar fwnural pilz wxb foal, | and lukt up 

Wxb mad dxskwi'xtud | on be dul skr, | 

Ae pol ov a past wurld ; | and ben ageir 

Wxb kur'sxz, | kast bem dqm upon' be dust, | 

And nact bar txSs | and hcpld . | 

Ae wild burdz crxkt, | 
And, te'rxfid, | dxd flu'tur on be grqmd, | 
And flap bar yus'les wxrjz* ; | be wil'dest bruts' | 



204 PRAKTIK&L LLniiUCUN. 

Kem tern and tre^mulus ; | and vi'purz krold, | 
And twind bemselvz' amuiy be muhtxtud, | 
Hx'sxrj, but stxrj>les. | Ae wer slen for fsdv; | 
And wor | qx£, for a mco'ment, woz nco mar, | 
Dxd glut N himself' agen : | a mxl woz bot 
Wxb blud x ; | and xc sat su'lxnlx apart', | 
Gorc]xrj himself' xn glsm v . | 

No luv woz leftx ; | 
01 ur& woz but wun Sot x ; | and bat woz de& , | 
Immx'dxet, and xnglo rxus ; | and be pang 
Ov fa'mxn | fed upon' ol eatrilz. | Men 
Did, | and bar bonz wer tsm'les az bar fiec x j | 
As mx'gur bi be mx'gur wer dxvcprd v . | 
X'n dogz x aseld' bor mas v turz ; | ol sev wun, | 
And hx woz feS'ful ts a kors, | and kept 
Ae burdz and bxsts, | and fa'mxct men at be x , | 
Txl hurj'gur klurj bem, | or be dro'pxrj ded | 
Lurd bor lank cjoz v . | Himself sot opt nw v fsd, | 
But wxb a px'txus and perpetual mcon, | 
And a kwxk, de'scolet kri, | lx'kxrj be hand 
Qx6 an'surd not wxb a kares', | hx did . | 

Ae krcpd woz fa'mxct bi dxgrxz* ; | but ts x 

Ov an xnor'mus srti, j dxd survivx ; | 

And be wer enamiz. | Ae met bxsid' 

Ae di'xrj em'burz ov an ol'tar-ples, | 

Qar had bxn hxpt a mas ov hco'lx Birjz | 

For an un'hcolx yu zxcj : | be rekt up, | 

And, cx'vurxn, skrept wxb bor kold ske'lxtun liandz, 

Ae fx'bl a^cxz, | and bar fx'bl bred | 

Blu for a Ix'tl lif, | and med a flem | 

Qx£ woz a mokuri. | Aen be Ixf'ted up 



PRSKTIKaL ELfiKXJCIIN. 205 

Aor iz az it gru li'tur, | and bxhsld' 

X6 ubur'z as x pskts — | so, | and crxkt, | e t nd did* : j 

X'n ov bar mutual hx'diusnss be did^ j , | 

Unna'in hs hx woz | upon hsz brcp | 

Fa'mxn had rit'n fxnd\. | 

As wurld woz vad x ; | 
As po'pulus, and be pcp'urful woz a lump, | 
Sx v znlss, | urbJes, | talss, | manlss, [ lifks — | 
A lump ov ds$ v — | a ke'os ov hard kle . | 
As ri'vurz, leks', and « cun, | ol stud stxL ; | 
And mi'Sxn. sturd wxbxn' bor si'lent dspSs ( . | 
Cxps, selurlss, | le ro'txn on bs sx* ; | 
And bor masts fsl dq:n pxsv-mxl ; | az be dropt, | 
Ae slept on bx abis% wibqpt' a surcj^. — | 
As wevz wsr dsd* ; | bs tidz wsr in bor grevs, — j 
As msn, bar mis'trss, | had sxpird' bxfor ; | 
As w T xndz wsr wx'burd in bs stag'nant or; | 
And bs klcfdz psrict. — | Dark'nss had nco nxd 
Ov ed from bsm* — | ex woz bs yLMiivurs. | 



KE'TQ'Z SL'NAT. 

(a v DXSN.) 

Lwcas, Sempromius, and Ss'nsiturz. 

Sem. Rom stxl survivz' xn bis assm-bld ssjiat! | 
Lst us rxmsm'bur wx ar Ke'tw'z frsndz^ | 
And akt lik msn hs klein bat gloTius ti tl. | 
18 



206 PRAKTUCftL ELfiKUCUN. 

Lvc. Keto wxl ssn bx hxr, | and o'pn ts us 
Ax oke'jun ov cpr mx txq. | Hark* ! | hx kumz x ! | 

[Fluric ov Trumpxts.] 
Me q\ be gar'dxan godz ov Rom dxrekt x hxni ! | 

[Entur Ketq.] 

Keto. Fa'burz,wx wuns agen' ar met xn kqpasxl — 
Sx'zar'z aproc' haz su'mund us tsge^bur; | 
And Rom atendz' hur fet from cpr rxzolvz v . | 
Hep cal wx trxt bxs bold aspi'rxrj man 1 ? | 
Siikses' stxl fo'loz hxm, | and baks hxz krimz. : | 
Farse'lxa gev hxm Rom' ; | X x cjxpt haz sxns 
Rxsxvd' hxz yok ; | and bs hoi Nil 1 xz Sx.zar'z. | 
Qi cud I meircun JDu'ba'z o'vur&ro, | 
And Sx'pxo'z de£h ? ) Numx'dxa'z bur'nxrj sandz 
Stxl smok wxb blud\ | 'Txz tim wx cud dxkrx' 
Qot kors* ts tek . | Or fo advansxz on us% | 
And en'vxz us x'n Lx'bxa'z sul'trx ds.zurts. | 
Fa'burz, proncpns' yur Sots v — | ar be stxl fxxt | 
Ts hold xt cpt, | and fit xt ts bs last ? | 
Or ar yur harts subdud' at lerji), | and rot 
Bi tim and xl sukses', | ts a submx^cun ? | 
Sempro-nxus, spxk . | 

Sem. Mi vas xz stxl for wor. | 

Kan a Ro'man se'nat Ion dxbet' | 
Qx6 ov be ts ts 6sz — | sle'v'rx, or ded'? | 
No. — | 1st us riz at wuns 1 , | gurd on cpr sordz\ | 
And, at be hed ov cpr rxmcnxq trsps, | 
Atak' be fo% | brek Ors be $xk are' | 
Ov hxz $rorjd lx'cjunz, | and £arcj horn' upon N luniv : I 
Purhaps 7 sum arm, mor lu'kx ban be rest, | 
Me rxc hxz hart v , | and frx be wurld from bonvde^. | 



PEilKTIKaL ELQKIJCUN. *207 

Riz\» fa'burz, | riz' ! | 'Txz Rconr dxmandz' yur help,; | 

Riz and rxvencj' hur slo'turd sx^txznz, | 

Or cor bar fetv ! | As korps ov haf hur se v nat | 

ManLT' be fxldz ov ©e^salx, | qil wx 

Sxt hxr | dxlx'buretxi] xn kold dxbets', | 

Qe'bur ts sa'krxfiz cpr livz ts o'nur, | 

Or wor bem cpt xn sur'vxtud and 6enz v . | 

Rcpz up*, for cern ! | cpr bru'burz ov Farse'lxa | 

Pant at bor wsndzs | and kri alcpd' — | ts ba'tl ! | 

Gret Pom'px'z ced | komplens' bat wx ar slor ; | 

And Sx'pxo'z gcost | woks unrxvencjd* amunstx us v ! ) 

Keto. Let not a torent ov xmpe'6iTus zxl | 
Transport' bx bus bxyond' be bcpndz ov rx^zn : | 
Tru fortxtud | xz sxn xn gret exploits' | 
Aat cjus'txs wo'rants, | and bat wxz'dum gidz^ — | 
01 els xz tcp'urirj frsn'zx and dxstralccun. | 
Ar not be livz ov bcoz | hs dro be sard 
In Rom'z dxfens', | xntrus'ted ts cpr kor' ? | 
Cud wx bus lxd bem ts a fxld ov slo'tur, | 
Mit not bx xmpar'cal wurld, | wxb rx'zn, se, | 
Wx la'vxct at cpr de$s | be blud ov Sep zandz, | 
Ts gres cpr fol, | and mek cpr ru'xn gloD.rxus? | 
Lu'cus, | wx next wud nco qot's yur' opxiivyun. | 

Lvc. Mi Sots, I must konfes', | ar turnd on pxs\ I 
Olre'dx hav cpr kwo'relz | fxld be wurld 
Wxb wx'doz, and wxb orfanz : | Sx'Sxa mcornz 
<Dr gxl'tx worz, | and urS's rxmwtest ixcjunz | 
Li haf unpx pld bi be fudz ov Roniv — | 
'Txz tim ts cxb v be scjrd, | and spar mankind^. | 
It xz not Sx'zar, | but be godz\ mi fa'burz, | 
Ae godz dxklor' agenst* us, | and rxpef 
<Dr ven atemts^. | Ts urcj be fo ts ba'tl, I 



208 P R SV. K T I K A L E L Q K KJ C U N . 

Prom'tsd bi blind rxvencj', and wild dxspor, | 

Wer ts rxfuz' bx awordz' ov prov xdens, [ 

And not ts rest xn hev'n'z dxturmxnexun. | 

Qlre^dx hav wx con cpr luv ts Rom,, — 

Ncp let us co submx'cun ts be godz . | 

Wx tuk up armz, | not ts rxvencj' cprselvz', | 

But frx be komunweld: | qen bxs end felz, | 

Armz hav no furbur yus v . | <Dr kun'trx'z koz, j 

Aat dru cpr scordz, | ncp rests bem from cpr handz% | 

And bxdz us not dxlit' xn Rco'man blud, | 

Unpro'fxtablx ced^. | Qot men kud ds, | 

Iz dun olre^dx : | hevn and urS x wxl wxt'nes, | 

If Rcom must fol, | bat wx ar xn v nosent. | 

$s?n. Axs smsb dxskcors', and mild bxhevyur, | oft 
Konsxl' a tre^tur — | sum'dxrj qxs'purz mx 
Ql xz not rit — | Ketco, bxwor' ov Lucus. | 

[_£lsid ts Keta. 

Keto. Let us bx nx'bur rac nor dx x fxdent — | 
Imod'uret vadur swelz xnts a folt v ; | 
And fxr, admx'ted xn'ts pub'lxk kcpn'sxlz, | 
Bxtrez' lik trxzn. | Let us cun bem bcoS . | 
Fa'burz, | I ka'not sx bat cpr aforz' 
Ar grcon bus des'p'ret — | wx hav buhwarks rcpnd us»: 
Wxbxn' cpr wolz, | ar trsps xnurd' ts tal 
In Afrxk's hxt, | and sx'znd ts be sum — | 
Numx'dxa'z spe'cus kxrj'dum liz bxhind* us, | 
Re'dx ts riz at xts yurj prxms'xz koh | 
Qil bor xz hop, | ds not dxstrust' be godz* ; | 
But wet, at Ixst, til Sx'zar'z nxr aprco£' | 
Fcors^ us ts yxld^. | 'Twxl ne'vur bx ts let | 
Ts su for £enz, | and con a korjvkurur. | 
Qi cud Rcom fol a mco'ment ar hur tinch ? | 



PRAKTIKaL fcLQKUCUN. 209 

No x , I 1st us dro hur turm ov frx'dum (pt | 
In its ful lend*, | and spin it ts be last — | 
So cal wx gen stxl wun de'z lxxburtx: j 
And let mx pe rxc, | but xn Ke'to'z cjucj'ment, | 
A des | an err, | ov vurcuuz lx'burtx, | 
Xz wur& a hoi xturnxtx xn bon dec|. | 

[Entur Markus.] 

Mark. Fa'burz, bis mo'msnt, az I woct be get, \ 
Locjd on mi post, | a he raid xz arivd' 
From Sx'zar'z karnp*; | and wxb hxm, kumz old Dxcus, | 
Ae Ro'man nit — | hx ka'rxz xn hxz luks 
Xmpe v cens, | and dxmandz' ts spxk wxb Ke v to. | 

Keto, Bi yxir purmx'cun, fa'burz — | bxd hxm en tur.| 

[Exit Markus. 
Dx'cus woz wuns mi frend* ; | but u'bur pros'pekts 
Hav lsst boz tiz, | and bcpnd hxm fast ts Srzar. | 
Hxz me'sxc| me dxtur'mxn cpr rxzolvz v . | 

[Entur Dxcus.] 

Dxc. Sx'zar sendz helQ ts Ke*to. 

Keto. Kud hx send it 

Ts Ke'to'z slo'turd frendz", | xt wud bx wekkum. | 
Ar not yur or'durz ts adres' be se'nat ? 

Dxc. Mi bxz'nes xz wxb Ke'to. | Sx'zar sxz 
Ae strets ts qx6 yu'r drxvn; | and, az hx noz 
Ke'to'z hi wur&, | xz arjk'cus for yur lif. | 

Keto. Mi lif xz grafted on be fet ov Ronr. | 
Wud hx sev Ke'to, | bxd hxm spar hxz kun trx. | 
Tel yur dxkte'tur bxs v — | and tel hxm ts, | Ke'to 
Dxzdenz' a lif | qx6 hx haz pcp'ur ts o v fur. | 

Dxc. Rom and hur senaturz submxt' ts Sxxzar ; | 
Hur c]e'nuralz and hur kon'sulz ar no mor, | 
18* 



210 PRaKTIKM RLfiKUCUN. 

Pis 6ekt hxz kon/kwests, | and dxnid' hxz triumfs. | 
Qi wxl not Ke v to bx bxs Sx'zar'z frendj | 

Keto. Aoz ve'rx rx'znz bq) hast urcjd*, forbxd^ xt v . | 
Dxc. Ke'to, I hav or'durz ts expos'culet, | 
And rxzn wxb yu*, | az from frend ts frend v ; | 
0xnk on be storm bat ga'burz o'r yur hed, | 
And dret'nz e'vurx qpr ts burst* uponv xt v ; | 
Stxl me yu stand hi xn yur kun'trx'z onurz, — | 
Ds but komplr, | and mek yur pxs x wxb Sx^zar ; | 
Rom wxl rxcjas 1 , | and kast xts iz on Ke'to, | 
Az on be se x kund ov mankind^. | 

Keto. No mor — | 

I must not bxrjk' ov lif on su6kondxcunz. | 

Dxc. Sx'zar xz wel akwen^ted wxb yur vur'6uz, | 
And berfor sets bxs val'yu on yur lif. | 
Let hxm but no be pris' ov Ke'to'z frend'cxp, | 
And nem yur turmz . | 

Keto. Bxd hxm dxzband' hxz lx^unz, | 

Rxstor' be ko'munwelS ts lx'burtx, | 
Submxt' hxz ak'cunz ts be pub'lxk sen^cur, | 
And stand be cjucj'ment ov a Ro'man se-nat: | 
Let hxm ds bxs, and Ke'to xz hxz frend*. | 

Dxc. Ke'to, be wurld toks lqpdlx ov yur wxz'dum — | 
K&to. Ne, mor — | bo Ke'to'z vas | woz ne'ur 
emplad' 
Ts klxr be gxl'tx, | and ts var'nxc krimz, | 
Miself' wxl mcpnt be ros'trum xn hxz feVur, \ 
And striv ts gen hxz par'dn from be pxvpl. | 
Dxc. A stil lik bxs bxkumz' a korfkurur. | 
Keto. Dx'cus, a stil lik bxs, bxkumz' a Ro man. 
Dxc. Qot xz a Ro'man bat xz Sx'zar'z fcr '( \ 
Keto. Gre'tur ban Sx*zar : I hx'z a frend ts vurcu. I 



PR&KTXK&L ELfiKIJCUN. 211 

Dxc. Konsx'dur, Ke'tco, yu 'r in Yu txka, j 
And at be hed ov yur con' lxtl se^nat ; | 
Yu dcon't ncp Sundur in be Ka'pxtal, | 
Wxb ol be mcpbz ov Ream ts se v kund yu v . | 

Keto. Let hxm konsx'dur bat, | hs drivz^ us hx bur.| 
'Txz Sx'zar'z scord' haz med Rom'z se'nat lxtl, | 
And Sxnd xts rarjks^. | Alas' ! bi ba'zld i | 
Bxhcoldz' bxs man xn a fols, glo'rxrj lit v , | 
Qxc korj'kwest, and sukses x hav Srcon upon* hxm x : | 
Dxdst bep but vu hxm rit, | bep'dst sx him blak 
Wxb murdur, | trxzn, | sakTxlec], | and krimz', | 
Aat strik mi scol wxb ho'rur but ts nenr bein . | 
I nco bep luk'st on mx, | az on a re£ \ 
Bxset' wxb xlz, | and ku'vurd wxb mxsforcunz ; | 
But mxl'yunz ov wurldz' | 
Cud ns'vur bi rax 1 | ts bx lik bat Sx^zar. | 

Dxc. Duz Ke'tco send bxs an'sur bak ts Sx'zar, | 
For ol hxz cje'nurus korz and pro'furd frend'exp ? | 

Keto. Hxz korz for mx ar xn'scolent and ven\ | 
Prxzunrcuus man ! | be godz" tek kor ov Ke tco. | 
Wud Sx'zar ceo be gret'nes ov hxz scol, | 
Let hxm employ hxz kor for bxz mi frendz' ; | 
And mek gud yus ov hxz xl'-gotn pcp'ur, | 
Bi cel'turxn men mu6 be'tur ban himself. | 

Dxc. Yur hi unkorj'kurd hart | meks yu forget' 
Yu ar a mam. | Yu rue on yur dxstruk cun. | 
But I hav dun . | Qen I rxlet' hxraftur | 
Ae tel ov bxs unha'px em'basx, | 
Q\ Rcom wxl bx xn txrz . | [Exit 

Sem. Ke'tco, wx Sank* bx v . J 

Ae mi'tx cjx'nxus ov xmmor'tal Rcom 1 , | 
Spxks xn bi vas x : | bi scol brxbz lx'burtx. | 



212 PRAKTXK&L LLQKIJCUN. 

Sx'zar wxl crxrjk x ts hxr be wurdz bcp u'turest, | 
And cu'dur xn be mxdst ov ol hxz korj»kwests. | 

Luc. As se'nat oz xts gra N txtud ts Ke'to, | 
Hs, wxb so gret a sol, | konsults' xts seftx, | 
And gardz cpr* livz, | qil hx neglekts' hxz con. | 

Sem. Sempro'nxus gxvz no danks on bxs K akcpnt k . 
Lu'cus sxmz fond ov lif; | but qot xz^ lif? | 
'Txz not ts stok abcpt', | and dro free or 
From tim ts tim, | or gez upon be suit : | 
'Txz ts bx frx\ | Qen lx'burtx xz gon, | 
Lif groz xnsx^pxd, | and haz lost xts rekc. | 
Q kud mi di'xrj hand | but loc| a sord 
Xn Sx'zar'z bs'zum, | and rxvencj' mi kun'trx, | 
I kud encja' be parjz ov de£h, | 
And smil xn a^gonx ! | 

Luc. U'burz, purhaps', | 

Me surv bar kun'trx wxb az wornr a zxl, | 
Ao 'txz not kxn'dld xn'ts so muc retj^. | 

Sem. Axs so'bur kon'dukt | xz a mi'tx vur'6w 
Xn luk'-worm pa'trxuts ! | 

Ketcj. Kunv — noo mor', Sempro'nxus, | 
01 hxr ar frendz ts Rom, | and ts x£ u^bur — | 
Let us not wx'kn stxl be wx'kur sid | 
Bi cpr dxvxjunz. | 

Sem. Ke'to, mi rxzent'ments 

Ar sa'krxfizd ts Rour — | I stand rxprsvd . | 

Keto. Fa'burz, 'txz tim yu kum ts a rxzolv. | 

Lvc. Ke'to, wx ol go xn'ts yur opxn^yun- — | 
Sx'zar'z bxhevyur haz konvxnst' be se'nat | 
Wx ot ts hold xt cpt txl turmz x ariv v . 

Sem. Wx ot ts hold xt cpt txl deft 1 — | but, Ke'to, 
Mi pri'vat vas xz drcpnd amxdst' be se v nat's. | 



PR&KTXK&L LLQKLCUN. 213 

Keto. Asn let us riz N , mi frsndz', | and striv ts fxl 
Axs lxtl xn'turval, | bis poz ov lif, | 
Qil yst cpr lx'burtx and fets ar dcpt'ful, | 
Wxb rszcolu cun, | frsnd^cxp, | Rwman bre vurx, | 
And ol be vur'6nz wx kan krcpd xmts xt, | 
Aat hevn me se xt ot ts bx prcolond v . | 
Fa'burz, forwsL — | As yurj Numx'dxan prxns x 
Kumz forward, | and sxpskts' ts no cpr kcpn sslz. J 



©ANATOP'SXS. 

(W. K. BRI&NT.) 

Tk hxm hs, xn bs luv ov Ne'£ur, | hojldz 
Komun'yun wxb hur vx'zxbl formz, | ex spxks 
A ve'rxus larjvgwxc| : | for hxz ge'ur cprz, | 
Cx haz a vas ov glad nes, | and a smil, 
And sdcokwsns ov birtx ; | and cx glidz 
Ints hxz dar'kur mu'zxrjz | wxb a mild 
And gsntl sxrn paSx, | bat stxlz awe' 
Aor carp'nss, | or hx xz awor . | 

( Qsn Sots 
Ov bs last, bx'tur cpr, | kum lik a blit 
Q'vur bi spx'rxt ; | and sad x'mxcjxz 
Ov bs sturn a'geoni, | and crepd, | and pol, | 
And brsS'lss dark'nss, | and bs naro heps, I 
Mek bx ts cu'dur, | and grco sxk at hart, | 
Gq fcorS un'dur bx Q'pn ski 1 , | and list 
Ts Ne v 6ur'z tXv^xrjz, | qil from ol arcpnd' — | 
Ur& and hur wo'turz, | and bs dspSs ov or — { 
Kumz a stri vas — I 




214 PRa.KT*KAL ELQKUCUN. 

Yet a fid dez, | and bx 
Ax ol'-bxholdxn sun | cal sx no mar | 
In ol hxz kors* ; | nor yet xn be kcold grcpnd, | 
Qor bi pel form | woz led wxb me'nx txrz,, | 
Nor xn bx embres' ov ocun, | cal s^xst' 
Ai x mxc|. | Ur&, bat nu'rxct bx, j cal Idem 
Ai gro& | ts bx rxzolvd' ts urS agen^ ; | 
And, lost xc hu'man tres, | suren'durxrj up 
Ain xndxvx'cjjual bx'xrj, | calt bcp go | 
Ts mxx fore'vur wxb bx elements, — | 
Ts bx a bru'bur ts bx xnsen'sxbl rob, | 
And t.s be slu'gxc klod v | qx£ be rwd swen | 
Turnz wxb hxz cor, | and tredz x upon . | Ax ok 
Cal send hxz rsts abrod', | and pxrs bi moM . | 

Yet not ts bi xtur'nal res'txrj-ples | 

Calt bcp rxtir alon^ — | nor kudst bcp wxc' | 

Kcpc mor magnx.fxsent. | Acp calt li dcpn | 

Wxb pe'trxarks ov bx xn'fant wurld v — | wxb kxrjz\ 

Ae pcpwful ov bx ur& — | be wizs | be gud', | 

For formzv, | and ho'rx sxrz' ov e'<i|xz pasts | 

01 xn wun mi'tx se*pulkur. | 

Ae hxlz, | 
Rok'-rxbd, and en'cent az be sun ; | be velz v , [ 
Stre'6xrj xn pen'sxv kwi'etnes bxtwx^ ; | 
Ae ve'nurabl wudz v ; | rx'vurz bat msv 
In ma'cjestx, | and be komple'nxn bruks x | 
Aat mek be me'doz grxn\ ; | and, pord rcpnd ol, | 
Q\d o'cun'z gre and melanko'lx west v ,| 
Ar but be so'lem dekore'cunz ol, | 
Ov be gret tsm ov man^. | 



TRa.KTXKSVL ELfiKKCUN. 215 

Ae goldn surix, | 
Ae placets, | o\ bx xn'finit hcost ov hevn, | 
Ar ci'nirj on be sad abodz' ov de$, | 
Ars bs stil laps ov evCJiz. | Ql bat tred 
As glob | ar but a handTul | ts be tribz 
Aat slum'bur in xts bs\zum. | Tek be winz 
Ov mor nirj, | and be Bar'kan de^zurt pxrsv, | 
Or lsz biself in be kontin'yuus wudz 1 | 
Qor rolz bx Origon, | and hxrz no sqmd, | 
Sev hxz on da.cinz — | yet be ded ar bor ; | 
And milyunz in boz so'litudz, | sins furst 
Ae flit ov yxrz bxgan', | hav led bem dcpn 
In bor last slxp* — | be ded rem bor, alon . | 

So calt bcp x rest — | and qot if bcp calt fol, | 
Unno^tist bi be lixVin ; | and no trend 
Tek not ov bi dxparcm*? | 01 bat brxb 
Wxl cor bi des Uni. | Ae ge wil laf 
Qen bcp art gom; | be so'lem brsd ov kor 
Plod on v , | and xc wun, az bxfor', | wxl ces 
Hiz fe'vurxt fan turn — | yet ol bxz | cal lxv 
Aor murQ, and bor employments, | and cal kum, 
And mek bor bed wib bx . | 

Az be Ion tren 
Ov e'c|xz glidz awe', | be sunz ov men', | 
Ae yu$ x in lif's grxn sprirjv, | and hx hs goz 
In be ful strei)& ov yxrs v , |ma'trun and med., | 
Ae bcpd wib ecj v , | bx inTant | in be smilz 
And bu'ti ov its in'nosent ecj kut of, | 
Cal wun bi wun | bx ga'burd ts bi sid, | 
Bi boz hs, in bor turn, | cal fo^lo bem. I 



216 P II a K T X K A L LLQKUCUN. 

So Ixv, | bat qen bi sirmunz kumz, ] ts cjan 
Ax innu'murabl karavan | bat msvz 
Ts be pel relmz ov ced, | qor it cal tek 
Hxz 6em'bur in be si'lent holz ov de\>, | 
Acp gco not, lik bs kwo'rx-slev at nit N , | 
Skurcjd ts. hxz dun^un, | but sustend', and ssbd 
Bi an unfol'turxrj trust, | apro£' bi grev, | 
Lik wun hs raps be dre'purx ov hxz kcp6 
Abcpf hxm, | and liz dcpn ts ple'zant drxmz v . | 



SPXT] OV S'ISXRQ AGENST' VIVRXZ. 

Al tim xz kum, fa'burz, | qen bat qx£ haz Ion bxn 
wxct for, | to'ardz ale'irj bx en'vx yxir or'dur haz bxn 
sub'<i]ekt ts, | and rxnis'vxn bx xmpute'cunz agenst' 
tri'alz, | xz efsk'6ualx put xn'ts yur pcp^ur. | An opxn'- 
yun haz Ion prxveld', | not on'lx hxr at hcom, | but lik'- 
wiz xn forxn kun^trxz, | bo& den'cjurus ts yu, | and 
purnx'cus ts be stets — | bat, xn prosxku'cunz, | men ov 
\vel& ar ol'wez sef , | hcpe'vur klxr'lx konvxk ted. | 

Aor xz ncp ts bx brot upon' hxz tri'al, bxfor yu, | ts 
be konfu'jun, I hop, | ov be pro'pageturz ov bxs slan 7 - 
durus xmpute'cun, | wun hsz lif and ak'cunz | kondenv 
hxm xn bx opxn'yun ov ol xmpar v cal pur'snz; | but hs, 
akor'dxn ts hxz on rek'nxn, | and dxklord' dxpen'dens 
upon' hxz rx'6xz, | xz olre'dx akwx^ed : | I mxn Kcus 
Ve rxz. | 

I dxmand' cjus'txs ov yu, Fa'burz, | upon' be ro'bur 
ov be pub'lxk trejurx, | bx opre'sur ov E'ja Mi'nur, 
and Pamfx N lxa, | bx xnve'dur ov be rits and prx'vxlxcjxz 



PRAKTIKaL ELQKUCUN. 217 

ov Rco manz, | be skurcj and kurs ov Sx v sxlx. | If bat 
sen'tens xz past upon' hxm, | qx6 hxz krimz dxzurv, | 
yur oSo'rxtx, fa'burz, | wxl bx ve'nurabl and se v kred 
xn bx iz ov b8 pubJxk ; | but, xf hxz gret rx'cxz cud 
bi'as yu xn hxz fe'vur, | I cal stxl gen wuir pant, — | 
ts mek xt apo'rent ts ol be wurld*, | bat qot woz 
won'txn xn bxs kes, ] woz not a krx'mxnal, | nor a 
pro^sxkrtur ; | but cjus^txs, and a'dxkwet pujixcment. | 

Ts pas o'vur be cem'ful xrrggula'rxtxz ov hxz yu9-,| 
qot duz hxz kwes'turcxp, | b8 furst pub'lxk employment 
hx held x , | qot duz xt edix'bxt, | but wun kontxn'yud 
sxn ov vxvlanxz? | Nx'us Kar'bo, | plun'durd ov bs 
pub'lxk mu'nx bi hxz on trsjnriir, | a kon'sul strxpt 
and bxtred', | an ar'mx dxzurted and rxdust 7 ts wont*, | 
a provxns robd', | be sx'vxl and rxlx'c]us rits ov a px'pl 
vroleted. | 

Ax employment hx held xn E'ja Mi'nur and Pamfx x - 
lxa, — | qot dxd xt prcodrs' but be rirxn ov bcoz kun*- 
trxz, | xn qx£ hcf'zxz, sx'txz, and tern plz wer robd x bi 
hxm? | Qot woz hxz kon'dukt xn hxz prrturcxp hxr at 
hcomj | Let be plun'durd tenvplz and pub'lxk wurks 
neglekted, | bat hx mit embez'l be mu'nx xnten'ded for 
ka'rxxrj bem on', | bor wxt nes. | Hep dxd hx dxstarcj' bx 
o'fxs ov a cjug\ ? | Let boz hs su'furd bi hxz xncjus'txs 
an^sur. | 

But hxz prx'turcxp xn Sxvsxlx, | krepnz oF hxz wurks 
ov wxvkednes, | and fx'nxcxz a las'txrj mon'yument ts 
hxz xn\famx. | Ae mxs'6xfs dun bi hxm xn bat unha'px 
kun'trx, | dtt'rxrj be Srx yxrz ov hxz xnx'kwxtus ad- 
mxnxstre'cun, | ar su£, bat me'nx yxrz x , | un'dur be 
wi'zest and best' ov prx^turz, j wxl not bx sufx'cent ts 
rxstor' Sxrjz | ts be kondx'cun xn qx£ hx fcpnd 1 bem ; j 
19 



218 PRAKTKKaL tLQKUCUN. 

for xt xz ncotco rxus, | bat, du'rxn, be tim ov hxz tx'ranx,; 
be Sxsx'lxanz nx'bur encjcxd' be prcotek'cun ov bor con 
corx'cjxnal loz ; | ov be regule'cunz med for bor be'nxfxt 
bi be Rco'man se'nat, | upon' bor ku'mxrj un'dur bs 
prcotek'cun ov bs ko'munwelft; | nor ov be na'cural, 
and unel'yenabl rits ov men . | 

Hxz nod* | haz dxsi'ded ol ko'zxz xn Sx'sxlx | for bxz 
Srx yxrz\ | And hxz dxsxjunz | hav brco'kn ol lo ( , | ol 
pre'sxdent, | ol rit v . | Ae suraz hx haz, bi arbxtrarx 
taxaz, | and unhurd'-ov xmpcozx'cunz, | extorted from 
bx xndus'trxus psr, | ar not ts bx kompiLted. | Ae mcost 
feQ'ful aliz' ov be ko'munweld, | hav bxn trx ted az 
e v nxmxz. | Rco'man sx v txznz, lik slevz', | hav bxn put ts 
de& wxb tor£urz. | Ae mcost atrco'cus krx mxnalz | hav 
bxn eg-enrted, for mu'nx, | from dxzurvd' pu\nxcments ; | 
and men, ov be mcost unexsep cunabl ka^rakturz, | kon- 
demd' and ba'nxct, unhurd^. | 

Ae har'burz, bco sufx'centlx for'txfid, | and be gets ov 
stroq tcpnz 1 , | hav bxn co'pnd ts pi'rats and ra vxcjurz. | 
Ae scol'cjurx and se'lurz, | bxlorj'xrj ts a pro'vxns un'dur 
be prcotek'cun ov be ko'munwelS, | hav bxn starvd ts 
de£h ; | hoi flxtss | ts be gret de'trxment ov be pro Vxns,| 
su'furd ts pea'xc. | Ax en'cent mon'yuments, | ov x'bur 
Sxsx'lxan or Rco man gretnes, | be sta'6uz ov hx'rcoz 
and prxmsxz, | hav bxn ka'rxd of; | and be tem'plz 
strxpt ov bx x x mxcjxz. | 

Ha'vxrj, bi hxz xnx'kwxtus sen'tensxz, | fxld be 
prx'znz wxb be mcost xndus'trxus and dxzur'vxn ov be 
px'pl, | hx ben prcosx'ded ts ordur num'burz ov Rco'- 
man sx'txznz | ts bx stran/gld xn be cjelz* ; j sco bat bx 
exklame'cun, | " I am a sx'txzn ov Rconr !" | qxc haz 
ofn xn be most dxs'tant rx'cjunz, | and amun/ be mcost 



PRAKTXKAL ELfiKIJCUN. 219 

bar'barus px'pl, | bin a prcotek'cun, | woz ov nco sur- 
vis ts bfeniv ; | but, on be kon'tran, | brot a spx'dxur, 
and niGDr sxvxr ; pu nicment lipoid bem v . | 

I ask ncp, Ve'rxz, | qot bcp hast ts advans' agenst* 
bxs 6arcj*? | Wilt bcp prxtend' ts dxni' it? | Wilt bcp 
prxtend' bat e'm Oirj fols% | bat xvn e'ni $irj a graveted,| 
haz bin urcjd agenst v bx? | Had e'nx prms v , | or e'ni 
stet\ | komrted be sem q/trec] agenst' be pri'vilicj ov 
Rorman srtiznz, | cud wx not dink wx had sufrcent 
grcpnd for dxman'din satisfak v cun ? | 

Qot pu'nicment Qt ben ts bx inflik'ted | upon' a 
tiran'ikal and wi'ked pixtur, | hs dord, at no gre'tur 
dxs'tans ban Srsilx, | wibin' sit ov bx Xtahyan kcost% | 
ts put ts bx in'famus ded ov krusifik'cun, | bat unfor'- 
£unat and in'nosent si'tizn, | Pub'lius Ga'vius Kcosa v - 
nus, | on'li for hiz ha'vir] asur'ted hiz pri'vilicj ov 
srtizncip, | and dxklord' hiz inten'cun ov apx'lin ts 
be cjus'tis ov hiz kun'tn, | agenst' be krwil opre'sur | 
hs had uncjus'tli konfind' him in pri'zn at Sirakus, | 
qens hx had (Just med hiz eskep*? | 

Ax unha'pi man, | ares'ted az hx woz gco'irj ts 
embark' for hiz ne'tiv kun'tn, | iz brot bxfor' be 
wi'ked pixtur. | Wib iz dar'txrj fu'ri, | and a kcpn'tx- 
nans distorted wib kru'elti, | hx or'durz be help'les 
vxk'tim ov hiz recj ts bx stnpts | and rodz' ts bx 
brot — ] aku'zii) him, | but wibcpt' be Ixst ca'do ov 
e'videns, | or x'vn ov susprcun, | ov ha'vin kum ts 
Si'sili az a spi v . | It woz in ven bat bx unha'pi man 
krid cpt, | " I am a Rwman srtizn — | I hav survd 
un'dur Lu'cus Pncus | hs iz ncp at Panormus, | and 
wil atest' mi xn,ncosens." | 

Ae blud'-dursti prx'tur, | def ts ol hx kud urc| in hiz 



220 PRO.KTXKO.L ELQKUCUN. 

con dxfens', | ordurd bx in'famus pumxcmsnt t^ bx m- 
flxkvtsd. | Aus, fa'burz, | woz an xn'ncossnt Rco'man 
sx'txzn | pub'lxklx marj'gld wxb skurYjxrj ; | qil bx con'lx 
wurdz hx u'turd, | amxdst' hxz kru'il su'furxrjz, wsr, | 
" I am a Rco'man sx^txzn !" | Wxb bxz hx h&Dpt tK 
dxfsnd' hxmsslf' | from vi'colsns and xnvfamx. | But ov 
so lxtl sur'vxs woz bxs prx'vxlxcj ts hxm, | bat, qil hx 
woz bus asur'txrj hxz sx'txzncxp, | bx ordur woz gxvn 
for hxz sxxkucun, — | for hxz sxxku'cun upon bs 
kros ! | 

Q lx'burtx ! — | Q scpnd wuns dxlit'ful ts £'vurx Rco'- 
man xr ! | Q se'krsd prx'vxlxcj ov Rco'man sx^txzn- 
cxp ! — | wuns' se.krsd ! — | nop tranrpld upon ! — | But 
qot bsn v ! | Xz xt kum ts bxs' ? | Cal an xnfx'rxur 
ma'cjxstret, | a guvurnur, | hs hcoldz hxz hcol pep 'ur ov 
bs Rco'man px'pl, | xn a Rco'man pro'vxns, | wxbxn' sit 
ov I'talx, | bind, skurcj, tor'forr wxb fir and red-hot 
plets ov i'urn, | and at last put ts bx xn'famus ds& ov 
bs kros, | a Rco'man sx'txzn? | Cal nx'bur bs kriz ov 
xn'ncossns sxpi'rxrj xn a*gconx, | nor bs txrz ov px'txxrj 
spskte v turz, | nor bs ma'cjsstx ov bs Rco'man komun- 
wsl&, | nor bs fxr ov bs cjus'txs ov hxs kuirtrx, | rxstren' 
bs lissn'cus and won'tun kru'sltx ov a mon'stur | hs, 
xn kon'fxdsns ov hxz rx'£xz, | striks at bs rst ov lx'- 
burtx, | and ssts mankind' at dxfi\ans ? | 

I konkk'd' wxb sxprs'sxrj mi hops, | bat yur wxz'- 
dum and cjus'txs, Fa'burz, | wxl not, |bi su'furxrj bx 
atrco'cus and unesrairvpld xnsco'lsns ov Ke'us Vs'rxz | ts 
sskep' du pu'nxcmsnt, | lxv rsm ts aprxhsnd' bs den'cjur 
ov a total subvur'cun ov oSo'rxtx, | and bx xnticoduk'- 
cun ov cjs'nural a'narkx and konfujun. | 



PRAKTXK&L ELfiKUCUN. 221 

' KE'TQ'Z SQLrLQRWI. 

(& X DXSN.) 

Sxn. — Ketq sxtxrj xn a -ftotfol poster, wxb Pletcfz 
bvk on bx Immortalxtx ov be Scd in hxz hand; 
and a dron sord on be tebl. 

It must v bx sgk — | Ple'tco bcp rx'znest wel ! | 

Lis qsns bis plx ; zxrj hops | bxs fond dxzir', | 

Axs lon'xrj af'tur xmmortavlxtx ? | 

Or qens bxs sx'krst dred, | and xn'ward ho'rur, | 

Ov fo'lxn xn'ts not? | qi crxrjks bs sol 

Bak on hurself, | and startlz at dxstruLcun? | 

'Txz bs dxvxmxtx bat sturz wxbxir us v ; | 

'Txz hevn xtself | bat pants cpt an hxraftur, | 

And xn'txmets xtu^nxtx ts man . | 

Xtur'nxtx ! | bcp plx'zxrj, dred^ful Sot ! | 

0rs qot vari'xtx ov un'trid brxrj, | 

0rs qot nu sxnz and 6en'cjxz must wx pas x ! | 

As wid, bx unbcpn^dsd pros'pekt liz bxfor- mx ; | 

But ca'doz, klcpdz', and dark v nss rest upons xU | 

Hxr wxl I hold . | If bor 'z a pcp'ur abuv us, | 

And bat bor xz | ol ne'6ur kriz alcpd' 

®rs ol hur wurks, | hx must dxlif xn vur6u; | 

And bat qx£ hx dxlits xn must bx ha*px. | 

But qsn* ! | or qor ! — | bxs wurld woz med for Sxvzar. | 

I'm wxtx ov koncjsk^urz — | bxs must end\ bern. | 

[Lexy hxz hand on hxz sord 
Aus am I dub N lx armd x : | mi dsS', and lif , | 
Mi ben', and an x txdot | ar bo& bxfor mx v : | 
Axs xn a mo'msnt brxrjz mx ts an end x ; | 
But bxs xnformz' mx I cal ns x vur di v . I 
19* 



222 PRaKTIKaL LLfiKIJCUN. 

As sol, sxkurd' in hur esfxs'tens, | smilz 

At be dron da'gur, | and dxfiz' its panU | 

Ae starz cal fed awes | os sun himself 

Grco dim wxb ecj v , | and ne'cur sink xn yxrzv ; | 

But bcp calt flu'rxc xn immortal yu& v , | 

Unhurt' amidst' be wor ov e'lxments, | 

Ae rek ov ma'tur, | and be kruc ov wurldz^. | 



HAM'LLT'S SQLrLQKWL 

(CEK^SPXR.) 

Tk bx, — or not' ts bx — | bat' xz be kwes\6un: | 
Qe'bur 'txz nco'blur in be mind | ts su'fur 
Ae slirjz and a'rcoz ov cptre'cjus forcrni; | 
Or ts tek armz agenst' a sx ov trub'lz, | 
And, bi opwzirj, end x bemj | Ts di — ts slxp x — | 
Nco mwr v — | and, bi a slxp, | ts se wx end 
Ae hart'-ek, | and be ikp'zand natural coks | 
Aat flee xz or ts : | 't iz a konsume'eun 
Dxvcpt'li ts bx wxct v . | 

Ts di — ts slxp^— | 
Ts slxp' ! | pur£ans' ts drxnv — | ay, bar 'z be rub v ; 
For in bat slxp ov de&, | qot drxmz me kum, | 
Qen wx hav cuf'ld of bxs mortal kal, | 
Must giv us poz v . | Aor'z be rxspekt' | 
Aat meks kala'mitx ov sco lor) lif : | 
For hs wud bor be qips and skornz ov tinr, | 
Ax opre'sur'z toy},, | be prepd man'z kon^tumxlx, | 
Ae parjz ov dxspiz'ed luv^, | be loz dxle x , | 



PR&KTXKAL tLfiKIJCUN. 223 

Ax xirscolens ov oTxs, | and be spurnz 
Aat pe'cent me'rxt ov bx unwurbx teksv, | 
Qen hx hxmself mit hxz kwix'tus mek | 
Wxb a bor boclkxn? | 

Hs wud fardelz bor, | 
Ts gron and swet un dur a wxrx lif, | 
But bat bs dred ov sum'Sxn af'tur deft | 
(Aat undxsku'vurd kun'trx | from hsz born 
No tra'velur rxturnz v ), pu'zlz bs wxl ; | 
And meks us ra'bur bor bcoz xlz \vx hav x , | 
Aan fli ts u'burz bat wx no not ovj | 

Aus kon'cens duz mek kcp'ardz ov us ol x ; | 
And bus be ne'txv hu ov rezokrcun, | 
Iz sxk'lxd o'r wxb be pel kast ov Sot ; | 
And en'turprizxz ov gret pxS and mo'mEnt, | 
Wxb bxs rx'gard, | bor ku'rents turn arr, | 
And lsz be nem ov akcun. I 



BRUTUS' QRE'CUN ON AE DL0 OV SXZAR. 

(CEITSPXR.) 

Rq/Msoz, kun'trxmen, and luvvurz ! | hxr mx for mi 
koz* ; | and bx si'lent | bat yu me x hxr . | Bxlxv mx for 
min onur ; | and hav rxspekt 1 un'ts min onur | bat yii 
me' bxlxv . | Sen'cur mx xn yur wxz v dum ; | and ewek' 
yur sen sxz | bat yu me be be'tur cjucj v . | 

If bor bx e'nx xn bxs asenrblx, | e'nx dxr frend ov 
Sx'zar'z, I ts hxm I se I bat Bra tus' luv ts Sx'zar, \ 



224 PR&KTXK&L ELQKLJCUN. 

vvoz nco ks ban hxz. | If, b£n, bat frend dxmand' | qi 
Bru'tus rcoz ag£nst v Sx'zar, | bis* iz mi an^sur: | Not 
bat I luvd Sx'zar les v .| but bat I luvd Rom mor. | 
Had yu ra'bur Sx'zar wer lrvxn, | and di ol slevz, | 
ban bat Sx'zar w£r dsd, | and liv ol frx'men ? | 

Az Sx'zar luvd mx, | I wxp v for hxm ; | az hx woz 
forcmiet, | I rxcjas' at xt ; | az hx woz val'yant, | 1 
o v nur hxm; | but, az hx woz ambi'cus, | I slu\ hxin. | 
Aor ar txrz for hxz luv^ | cjcx for hxz for clti, | o'nur for 
hxz valur, | and dsvh for hxz ambx v cun. | 

Hs xz hxr so bes bat hx wud bx a bondsman ? | If 
£'nx, | spxb ; | for hxm hav I ofsn v dsd. | Hs xz hxr sco 
rud | bat hx wud not bx a Rcoman ' | If £'nx, | spxb ; | 
for hxm 1 hav I ofen x dsd. | Hs xz hxr sq vil | bat hx wxl 
not luv hxz kun trx ? | If £'ni, | spxb ; | for hxrn hav 1 
ofs^dfid. | I poz for a rxph. | 

Nun' ! | Aen nun x hav I of£n,dsd. | I hav dun nco mar 
ts Sx'zar, | ban yu cud ds ts Brutus. | As kw£S'6un ov 
hxz ds& | xz snrcold' in be ka pitol ; | hiz glco'ri not 
sxtsn'yuetsd, | qonn' hx woz wurbx ; | nor hiz ofeirsiz 
£nfcorst v , | for qx6 hx su'furd d£& . | 

Hxr kumz hxz bo x dx, | mcornd bi Mark Airtconx, | hs, 
bco hx had nco hand in hiz d£&, | cal rxsxv bs bfi'nxfit 
ov hiz diarj, — | a pies xn b£ ko^munw£l& ; | az qi6 ov 
yu' cal not J | Wib bis, I dxpart : | Aat, az I slu mi 
b£st lu'vur for bs gud ov Rcom, | I hav b£ sem da'gur 
for miself , | qsn it cal plxz mi kun'trx | ts nxd 
mi d£$. I 



PRAKTIKaL ELQKUCUN. 225 

AN'TQNl'Z QRE'CUN Q'VUR SXZAR'Z BOTH. 

(CEK N SPXR.) 

Frrndz', Ro'manz, kmrtrxmsn ! | lsnd mx yur xrz . | 

I kum ts bs'rx Sx'zar, | not ts prez* hxm . | 

Ax x'vl bat men ds, | lxvz aftur bsnix; | 

As gud | xz oft xnts'rsd wxb bor bonz N : | 

So let xt bx wxb Sxvzar. | As no'bl Bru'tus 

HaO told yu, | Sx'zar woz ambx^cus. | 

If xt wsr so, | xt woz a grx*vus foltx ; | 

And grx'vuslx haft Sx'zar an surd xt. | 

Hxr, undur lxv ov Bru'tus and bs rsst, | 

(For Bru'tus xz an o'nurabl man; | 

So ar be a\\ | oh o'nurabl msn) | 

Kum I | ts spxk xn Sx'zar'z frMiural. | 

Hx woz mi frsnd% | fe&'ful and (Just v ts mx. | 

But Bru'tus ssz, hx woz ambxeus ; | 

&nd Bru'tus xz an o^nurabl man. | 

Hx haO brot ms'nx kap'txvz horn ts Rom, | 

Hsz ran'sumz dxd bz c)s v nural koXurz fxh | 

Dxd bxs xn Sxzar sxm ambx'cus? | 

Qsn bat bs psr hav krid, | Sx'zar ha& wspt v . | 

Ambx v cun cud bx med ov sturnur stuf. | 

Yst Bru'tus ssz, hx woz* ambx^us; | 

And Bru'tus xz an o*nurabl man. | 

Yu ol dxd sx | bat, on bs Lu'purkal, | 

I Oris prxzsn'tsd hxm a kxrjlx krepn, | 

Qx6 hx dxd Oris rxfuz^ | Woz bxs* ambx*cun ? | 

Yst Bru'tus ssz, hx woz ambx^cus; | 

And Bru'tus xz an o^nurabl man . | 



226 PRAKTIKftL LLfiKIJCUN. 

I spxk not ts dxsprsv qot Bru'tus spok ; | 
But hxr I am ts spxk qot I ds no*. | 
Yu ol dxd luv hxm wuns, | not wxbcpf koz*. | 
Qot koz wxbholdz' yu ben ts morn 1 for hxrn? | 
Q cjucjment! | bcp art fled ts bru'txc bxsts* ; | 
And men hav lost bor rx*zn ! | Bor wxb mx, ; | 
Mi hart xz xn be ko'fxn bor wxb Sx v zar ; | 
And I must poz txl xt kum bab ts mx . | 

But yes'turde, | be wurd ov Sx'zar mit 
Hav stud agenst' be wurld v : | nop liz hx bor; I 
And nun so psr ts ds hxm re^urens. | 
Q mas'turz ! | xf I wer dxspozd' | ts stur 
Yur harts and mindz ts mu'txnx and recj, | 
I cud ds Bru tus rorp, | and Kacus rorjv, | 
Hs, yu ol no, | ar Oxnurabl men . | 
I wxl not ds benr ron; ; | I ra'bur 6sz 
Ts rorj be ded v , | ts rorj miself and yu\ | 
Aan I wxl rorj su6 o*nurabl men^. | 

But hxr'z a parchment, | wxb be sxh ov Sx^zar. 
I ftpnd xt xn hxz kkyzet: | 'txz hxz wxl. | 
Let but be ko'munz hxr bxs tes'tament; | 
(Qx£, par'dn mx, I ds not mxn ts rxd) | 
And be wud go, and kxs ded Sx'zar'z wsndz*, 
And dxp bor nap'kxnz xn hxz se'kred blud^; | 
Ye, beg a hor ov hxm for me x mon, | 
And, di'xrj, men'cun xt wxbxn' bor wxlz*, | 
Bxkwx'bxrj xt, az a rx£ le'gasx, 
Un'ts bor xeu. | 

If yu hav txrz, | prxpor' ts ced bem nqp v . | 
Yu ol ds no bxs man v tl : I I rxmem'bur 



PRaKTIKiL LLfiKUCUN. 227 

Ae furst tim evur Sx'zar put it oir; | 
'Twoz on a su'mur'z xv nxrj, | in hxz tent : I 
Aat de hx covurkenr be Nurvxi — j 
Luk* ! | in bis pies, ran Ka'cus' da*gur Srs : | 
Sx qot a rent bx eivvxus Kas ka medv : | 
©rs bis, | be wel'-bxluved Bru tus stabd* ; | 
And, az hx plukt hiz kur'sed stxl awe', | 
Mark hep be blud ov Sx'zar ftyloxl it ! | 
Ais woz be most unkin'dest kut ov oh ; | 
For qen be nco'bl Sx'zar so him stab, | 
Ingra'txtud, | mor stror) ban tre'tur'z armz, | 
Kwit varj^kwict hirn . | 

Aen burst hiz mi'ti hart* ; I 
And, in hiz man'tl muf'lin up hiz fes, | 
X'n at be bes ov Ponvpi'z sta x 6ua, 
(Q16 ol be qil ran blud !) gret Sx'zar fel v . | 
Q qot a fol woz bar, mi kun.tnmen ! | 
Aen L, | and yu, | and oh ov us, fel dqpn^ | 
Qilst blu'di trx'zn flu'net orvur usv. | 
Q nq> yu wxp ; | and I pursxv yu fxl 
Ae dint* ov pivti. | Axz ar gre v cus drops>. | 
Kind* solzx ! | qot v ! | wxp yu qen yu but bxhold' 
Or Sx'zar'z ves'6ur wsn'ded? | Luk yu hxr ! | 
Hxr iz himself, | mard, az yu sx, bi tmturz. | 

Gud x frendz, | swxt' frendz ! | let mx not stur yu up 
Ts su6 a su'den flud ov mutini — | 
Ae bat hav dum bis dxd, | ar o A nurabl ! | 
Qot prrvat grxfs be hav, | alas' ! I no" not, | 
Aat med x bem ds it — | be ar wiz A and o A nurabl ; | 
And wil, no3 dept, wib rx'znz an*sur yu v ! | 
I kum not, frendz, ts stxl awe' yur harts : j 



228 PRAKTXK&L ELQKIIOUN. 

I am no o'ratur, az Bru'tus xz ; | 
But, az yu no mx ol\ | a plen, blunt man, | 
Aat luv mi frencb ; | and bat be no ful wsF, | 
Aat gev mx pub'lxk lxv ts spxk* ov hxrn . | 

For I hav nx'bur wit', nor wurdz', nor wur$ v , | 
Ak'cun, nor u v turans, | nor pcp'ur ov spx£ v , | 
Ts stur men'z blud^ : | I ondx spxk rit on*. | 
I tel yu bat qx£ yu yurselvz* ds no v ; | 
Co yu swxt Sx'zar'z wsndz*, | psr, psr, duur mcpbz 
And bid bsnr spxk for* mx v . | But, wer I Bru'tus, / 
And Brutus An'tonx, | bor wsr an An'tonx | 
Wud ru'fl up yur spi'rxts, | and put a tun. 
In E'vurx wsnd ov Sx'zar, | bat cud msv 
Ae stonz* ov Rom I ts riz xn mu.txnx. I 



WIT MAN. 

(r. H. T<£N v ZLND.) 

Sxlf ov bs blu and bx'rnxrj i ! | 

Ae Mu'zxz fon'dsst rx$s ar bin v — | 
Ae yuS'ful hart bxts worm and hi, | 

And cjaz ts on bi pcp'ur dxvin ! | 
Acp ci'ncst o'r be flcp'urx pad | 

Ov yu& ; | and ol xz pl8 x jur bor ! | 
Acp ss'bsst man, | qens'ur hx ha& | 

An i ov glsnr — | a brcp ov kor. | 

Ts yu$, bcp art bx ur'lx monr, | 

Wxb " lit, and me'lodx, and sorjv," | 



PRAKTIKaL ELfiKIJCIIN. 229 

Ts gxld hxz paS 1 ; | x6 sxn adorn', | 
And swxft'lx spxd hxz tinr alorj v . | 

Ts man, b(p art be gxft ov Hev n, | 
A bsn from rx'cjunz brit abuv x ; | 

Hxz lot, hqp dark*, | had ne'ur bxn gxvn | 
Ts hxm be lit ov wu'man'z luv v ! | 

Qen co'ur hxz dark'nxrj brcp, | be storm | 

Jz ga'burxrj xn xts pcp'ur and mit, | 
Ae re'dxant bxm ov wu'man'z form | 

Cinz $rs bs klcpd, and ol xz lit ! | 
Qen dir dxzxz' prxporz' hur raft | 

Ts pcor xn te'rur from abuv, | 
Hq) glxmz upon' hxz gls'mx pa$, | 

Ae glco'xn lit ov wu'man'z luv\ ! | 

Qen ol arqmd' xz klxr and brit', | 

And plejwr lendz hur forest 6arm 4 ; j 
And man, enrap'6urd wxb dxlit', | 

Fxlz, az hx vuz, hxz bs'zum wornr : | 
Qi gloz hxz brest wxb cJo proofus', | 

And ol hxz dxdz, hxz rap'6ur prsv v ? | 
It xz bxkoz' be sxn hx vuz | 

©rs be brit rez ov wuraan'z luv ! | 

Q wu'man ! | bin xz stxl be pqvur, | 

Dxnid' ts ol but comix bx, j 
Ts 6es awe' be klcpdz bat lqp'ur | 

Ts ha'ras lif's xvent'ful sx x . | 
Aq) lit* ov man^ ! | hxz onlx (jo | 

Bxnxb' a wid and bqmd v les ski, | 
Lorj cal bi prez hxz turj empla', | 

Sxlf ov be blu and bxmxrj i ! 
20 



JJ30 Pli&KTXK&L LLQKIJCUN. 

QD ON AE PA V CUNZ. 

(kolxnz.) 

Qen Mu'zxk, hcvnk med, woz yun, | 
Qil yet in ur'li Grxs ex sun, | 
As Pa'cunz oft, ts hxr hur eel, | 
©rorjd' arqpnd' hur ma'c|ik sel, | 
Lg-uhtirj, | trenrublirj, | re v cjin, | fentxrj, | 
Pozesf bxyond' be Muz'xz pen,txrj. | 
Bi turnz be felt be glco'irj mind | 
Disturbd x , | dxli'ted, | rezd 1 , | rxfindv ; | 
Txl wuns, 't xz sed, qen oh wer fird*, j 
Fxld wxb furx, | rapt, | xnspird\, | 
From be supor'txn mur'tlz rcpnd, | 
Ae snact hur xn'struments ov scpndv ; | 
And, az be oft had hurd, apart', | 
Swxt le'snz ov hur fors'ful art, | 
X6 (for Mad'nes ruld bx cpr) | 
Wud prsv hxz on expre v sxv pcp\ur. | 

Furst, Fxr, | hxz hand, its skxl ts tri, | 

Amxd be kordz, bxwxl durd, led*, | 
And bak rxkald', | hx nu not qi x , | 

X'n at be scpnd hxmself had med^. | 
Next Arj gur ruct> ; | hxz iz on fir, | 

In lit'nxrjz ond hxz sx'krxt stxrjz x ; | 
In wun rud klac, hx struk be lir, | 

And swept, wxb hu'rid hand, be strxrjz . | 
Wxb woful me'jurz, won Dxspor, | 

Lg3 su'len scpndz hxz grxf bxgildv ; | 
A so'lem, strencj, and mxrj^gld or, : | 

'Twoz sad v bi fits'; I bi startz, 't woz wild 



PIta.KTXKa.L ILfiKUCUN. 231 

But bcp, Q Hop ! wib iz so for, | 
Qot woz b'v d.drted rruvjiir? | 
Stxl it qxs'purd pro'mxst plejur, | 
And bad be luvlx sxnz at dxstans heK ! [ 

Stxl wud hur tu£ be stren prolong ; | 

And, from be roks', | be wudz', | be veh, | 

Cx kold on e'ko stxl, Srs ol be sorj* : | 
And, qor hur swx'test Sxm cx 6oz, | 
A soft, rxspon'sxv vas woz hurd at e'vurx klozv ; [ 

And Hop,en6an'ted,jsmild,and wevd hur goldn hor v .| 

And lorj gur had cx sun v ; | but, wib a frcpn, | 

Rxvencjs impe^cent, rozv : | 
Hx &ru hxz blud'-stend sord in $undur dqm^ — | 
And wxb a wx'burxrj luk, | 
Ae wQr'-dxnqm'sxn truinpet tuk, | 
And blu a blast so lqid, and dred, | 

Wer ne'ur profet'xk s(pndz so ful ov wo v ; | 
And e'vur, and anon', hx bxt | 
Ae dub'lxrj drum wxb fu'rius hxt : | 
And bo, sumtimz', x6 drx'rx poz bxtwxn', | 
Dxcjek'ted Px'tx, at hxz sid, | 
Hur sol'-subdu'irj vas aplid' ; | 
Yet stxl hx kept hxz wild, unol'turd nmr, | 
Qil x£ strend bol ov sit, | sxmd burs'txrj from hxz hed t .| 

Ai num'burz, De'lusx, ts not x wer fxxt — I 
Sad prsf ov bi distressful stet ! | 

Ov di'funrj &xmz be vxr'irj sorj woz mixt ; | 
And nqp it kor'ted Luv^jncp, re'virj, kold on Het .| 
Wib iz, uprezd', az wun inspird', | 
Pel Me'lankoli sat rxtird* ; I 



232 



PRftRTUvAL & L Q K I J C U N , 



And from hur wild, sxkwes'turd sxt, | 
In nots bi dxs'tans med mor swxt, | 

Pcord $rs be me'lco honr hur pen'sxv scok ; | 
And, da'cxn soft from roks arcpnd', | 
Bub'lxrj ru'nelz c)and> be scpndv ; | 

®rs gledz and glsmz, be mxrj'gld me'jur steal, | 
Or, o'ur sum han'ted strxm, wxb fond dxle', | 
Rcpnd a ho'lx kam dxfu'zxrj, | 
Luv ov pxs, and lcon'lx mu'zxn, | 
In ho'lco murmurz, did awe . I 






But, Q ! hep ol'turd woz xts sprit'lxur ton, | 
Qen 'Cxrfulnes, | a nxmf ov hefftxest hu, | 

Hur bco akros' hur ccol'dur flurj, | 
Hur buskxnz cjemd wxb mornxrj du, | 

Blu an xnspir'xrj ar, | bat del and Sx'ket rurjs 

Ae hun'turz kof, | ts fon and drrad non . | 
Ax ok'-krqmd sxs'turz, and bar 6est'-id kwxir, | 
Se'turz and sxl'van baz x wer sxn, | 
Px'pxrj from fcorS bar a ; lxz grxnx — | 
Brcpn Lx ursiz rxcjast^ ts hxi\ ; | 
And Sport lxpt up, and sxzd hxz bx'£n spxr v . 



Last kem JDa'z* eksta'txk trLal — | 
Hx, wxb vi'nx knpn advan'sxrj, | 
Furst ts be livlx pip', hxz hand adrest; | 

But ssn hx so be brxsk, awek'nxrj vral, | 
Hsz swxt, entran'sxrj vras hx luvd be best. | 

Ae wud hav dot, hs hurd be stren, | 
Ae so xn Tenvpx'z vel hur ne'txv medz, | 
Amxdst be fes'tal-scpndxrj cedz, | 

Ts sum unwx'rxd mxn'strel dan sxrj, | 



P R a K T X K a. L ELflKIJCUN. 233 

Qil, ,az hxz fli'ii] fxij'gurz kxst be strxnz, | 
Luv fremd wxb MurS, a ge fantas'txk rcpnd* : | 
Lss wei hur tre'sxz sxn, | hur zcon, unbcpnd ; | 
And hx, amxdst' be frolxk pie, | 
Az if hx wud be £armxn or rxpe', | 
Cuk dqyzand o'durz from hxz du'x wxrjz^. | 



SPXT! OV PA'TRXK HENRI. 

Mr. Prezxdent — | It xz natural ts man ts xndulcj' 
xn bx xlirjunz ov Hoop. | Wx ar apt ts cut qpr iz 
agenst' a pen'ful tru$, | and lxsn ts be son ov bat 
si'ren | txl ex transformz' us xnts bxsts. | Iz bxs be part 
ov wiz men, | engecjd' xn a gret and arcjuus stru'gl 
for Ix'burtx ? | Ar wx dxspozd' ts bx ov be num'bur ov 
boz | hs, ha'vxn iz, sx not, | and ha'vxn xrz, hxr not | be 
&xnz qx6 so nxr'lx konsurn' bor tem'poral salve'cun ? | 
For mi part, | qote'vur arj'gwxc ov spx'rxt xt me kost,| 
I am wx'lxn ts no be hoh tru\> — | ts no be wursf, | 
and ts provid v for xt 4 . | 

I hav but wun lamp bi qx£ mr fxt ar gi'ded ; | and 
bat xz be lamp ov expxTxcns. | I no ov no we ov 
c)u'c)xn ov be fu'6ur, | but bi be past* : | and, oju'cjxn bi 
be past, | I wxc ts no | qot bor has bxn xn be koirdukt 
ov be Brx'txc mx'nxstrx, | for be last ten yxrz\ | ts cjus'- 
txfi boz hops | wxb qx6 cjen'tlmen hav bxn plxzd ts 
so'las bemselvz' and be heps* ? | Iz xt bat xnsx'dxus 
smil | wxb qx£ q>r pxtx'cun haz bxn le'tlx rxsxvd' ? | 
Trust xt not% sun — | xt wxl prsv a snor ts yur fxt : | 
su'fur not yurselvz' ts bx bxtred' wxb a kxs x . | 
20* 



234 PRaKTHKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

Ask yurselvz' | hep bxs gre'eus rxs8p'cun ov cpr pxtx'- 
cun, | kompcorts' wxb bcoz wor'lik preparccunz | qi6 
ku'vur cpr wo'turz, | and dar'kn cpr land. | Ar flxts 
and armxz | ne'sesarx ts a wurk ov luv and rekon- 
sxlxe'cun? | Hav wx ccon cprselvz' sco unwx'lxn ts bx 
rekonsild', | bat fors must bx kold xn | ts wxn bak cpr 
luv' ' | Let us not dxsxv x cprselvz v , sur : | bxz ar bx xnv- 
plxments ov wor, | and subejuge'eun — | be last argu- 
ments | ts qx6 kxrjz rxzort. | 

I ask cjen'tlmen, sur, | qot mxnz x bxs mar'cal are x , | 
xf xts pur'pus bx not ts fcors us ts submxcun ? | Kan 
(jen'tlmen asin' e'nx u'bur po N sxbl niQ'txv for xtj | Haz 
Gret Brx'tun e'nx e'nxmx xn bxs kwortur ov be wurld| 
ts kol for ol bxs akumule'cun ov ne'vxz and armxz? | 
Nos sur, | ex haz nun'. | Ae ar ment for us x : | be kan 
bx ment for nco u.bur. | Ae ar sent co'vur ts bind and 
rx'vxt upon' us | bcoz 6enz qx6 be Brx'txc mxn'xstrx hav 
bxn sco lorj fQrcjxrj. | And qot hav wx ts opcoz v ts bem ?| 
Cal wx tri argument / 1 Sur, | wx hav 1 bxn iri'xn bat | 
for be last ten yxrz\ | Hav wx e'nx Sxrj nu ts o'fur 
upon' be sub'cjekt ? | Nuv&xrj. | Wx hav held be sub'tjekt 
up | xn e'vurx lit ov qx6 xt xz ke pabl ; | but it haz bxn 
ol xn ven . | 

Cal wx rxzort' ts entrx'tx, and hum'bl suplxke'cun ? | 
Qot turmz cal wx find, qx£ hav not bxn olre'dx eef- 
hos^ted 1 | Let us not, I bxsxtV yu, sur, | dxsxv cprselvz' 
lofygur. | Sur, | wx hav dun e'vurx &xrj bat kud' bx 
dun | ts avurt' be storm qx6 xz ncp ku'mxrj on . | Wx 
hav pxtrcund ; | wx hav rxmon streted ; | wx hav s^plx- 
keted ; | wx hav prostre'ted cprselvz' bxfeor' be dron v , | 
and hav xmplcord' xts v xnturpcozxcun | ts arest' be 
tira'nxkal handz ov be mx'nxstrx and par.lxment. | Or 



PRAKTXK&L ELfiKIJCUN. 235 

pxtx'cunz hav bin sliced; | cpr rxmon'stransxz | hav 
produst' adrcunal vi'olsns and insult ; | q>r suplxke' 
cunz hav bin dxsrxgardsd ; | and wx hav bin spurnd 
wib kontsmpt', | from bs fut ov bs \>ron. | 

In ven, af'tur bxz Sirjz, | me wx xndul^' bs fond hop 
ov pxs and rskonsxliedin. — | Aor xz no lorj'gur E'nx 
rsnr for hop v . | If wx wxc ts bx frx, | if wx mxn ts prx- 
zurv xnvi'olet | boz inss'timabl pri'vxlscjxz | for qi£ 
wx hav bin so Ion kontsn'dxn, | if wx mxn not besdx ts 
aban v dun be no'bl stru'gl | in qi6 wx hav bin so Ion 
sngecjd', | and qx6 wx hav plscjd cprsslvz' ng'vur ts 
abanvdun | until' bs gto'nus ob'cjskt ov cpr kon'tsst cal 
bx obtend', | wx must fk ! | I rxpxt x it, sur ; | wx must 
fitv ! | An apxl' ts armz, | and ts bs God ov Hosts, | xz 
ol bat iz lsft v us v . | 

Ae tsl us, sur, | bat wx ar wxk x , — | une'bl ts kop' 
wib so for'midabl an advvursan. | But qsn cal wx bx 
strorj gur ? | Wxl it bx bs nsxt wxh — | or bs nsxt 
yxr '( | Wxl it bx qsn wx ar to'talx dxzarmd^ ; | and qsn 
a Bri'tic gard 1 cal bx stccund in s'vun hq:s, ? | Cal wx 
ga'bur strsrjS bi xrszolucun and inak'cun ? | Cal wx 
akwir' bs mxnz ov sfsk'6xial rxzxs'tans | bi li'in supin'li 
on cpr baks, | and hu'girj bs dxlu'siv fan'tum ov hop | 
until' cpr s'nimxz cal hav bcpnd us hand and fut'? I 
Sur, | wx ar not v wxk | if wx mek a pro'pur yus ov 
boz mxnz | qx6 bs God ov ne£ur haS plest in cpr 
pqpxur. | 

@rx mxl'yunz ov px'pl, | armd in bs ho'li koz ov li'- 
burti, | and in su£ a kun'tn az bat qx6 wx pozss', j 
ar xnvin sibl | un'dur s'nx fors qx£ qr snxmi kan ssnd 
agsnst^ us v . | Bxsidz', sur, | wx cal not fit cpr ba'tlz 
alon* : | bor xz a cjust God, | hs prxsidz' ovur bs dss^- 



236 PR&KTXK&L LLfiKIJCUN. 

txnxz ov ne.cunz ; | and hs wxl rez up frendz' | ts fit fpr 
ba'tlz for us v . | Ae ba'tl, sur, | xz not ts be stron alon\;| 
xt xz ts be vxcjxlant, | bx ak'txv, | be brev v . | Bxsidz', 
sur, | \vx hav no xleLcun. | If wx wer bes xnuf' ts 
dxzir xt, | xt xz ncp ts' let ts rxtir from be konxtest. | 
Aor xz no rxtrxt' | but xn submx'cun and slewurx. | 
Or 6enz ar forcjd* — | bor klank'xn me bx hurd on 5s 
plenz ov Bosvtun. | Ac wor xz xnewxtabl ; | and let xt 
kumv ! | I rxpxt v xt, sur — | let xt kum' ! ! | 

It xz xn ven, sur, ts extenyuet be mavtur. | Den'tl- 
men me kri pxs ! pxs ! | but bor xz v no pxs v . | Ae wor xz 
ak'6ualx bxgum ! | Ae next gel bat swxps from be nor$,| 
wxl brxn ts cpr xrz be klac ov rxzqm'dxrj armz^ ! | Or 
breb'ren ar olre'dx xn be fxldv ! | Qi stand wx hxr Ldl ? | 
Qot xz xt bat cjen'tlmen wxc x ? | Qot wud be hav v '( | Jz 
lif so dxr, | or pxs so swxt, | az ts bx pur£ast at be 
pris ov 6enz and sle'vurx ? / jj s | I no not qot kors u^burz 
me tek ; | but, az for mx, | gxv mx lx'burtx, | or gxv mx 
de&. ! | 



him tk ae dx'xtx on a rxvu' ov ae 
sxznz. 

(tom v sn.) 

Axz, az be £enc], | Qlmi'tx Fa'bur, | bxz 
Ar but be ve'rxd God x . | Ae ro'lxrj yxr 
Iz fub ov bxw | For$ xn be plx'zxn Sprxn | 
Ai bjtrtx wox, | bi ten'durnes and luv . | 
Wid flue be fxldz' ; | be sofnxn or xz banr ; | 
E ko be mcpn'txnz rqmd v ; | be fo'rest smita ; ( 
And e'vurx sens, | and e'vurx hart x xz c|(i . | 



PRa.KTXKa.L LLQKIJCUN. 237 

Aen kumz bi glorx | xn be Sirmur munQs, | 
Wxb lit and hxt rxfulcjent. | Aen bi sun | 
Csts ful purfek'cun §rs be swe'lxrj yxr ( ; | 
And oft bi vqs xn dred'ful Sundur, spxks^; | 
And oft at don', | dxp nsn', | or fo'lxn xv, | 
Bi brcks and grovz, | xn ho'lo-qxspurxrj gelz v . | 

Ai bcpn'tx cinz xn O'tum, unkonfind*, | 
And spredz a ko'mun fxst for ol bat lxv,. j 
In Wxn'tur, oful bcp* ! | wxb klcpdz and stormz 
Arc[nd^ bx Sronv, | . tem'pest o'ur tem'pest rold ( , | 
Macjes v txk dark nes ! | on be qurl'wxnd'z wxrj, | 
Ri'dxn sublim', | bcp bxdst be wurld ador v ; | 
And hum'blest Ne'cur wxb bi norburn blast v . | 

Mxstrrxus rcpndx ! | qot skxb, | qot fors dxvin , | 
Dxp felt 1 , | xn bxz, apxn ! | a sxm'pl tren, | 
Yet sco dxlit'ful mxxt, | wxb sue kind art, | 
Sue bu'tx, and bxne'fxsens kombind^ : j 
Ced, unpursxvd', sco sofnxrj xnts ced, | 
And ol sco formxrj an harmo'nxus hoi, | 
Aat, az be stxl suksxd', | be ra Vxc stxh | 

But, won'durxrj oft, wxb brut unkon'cus gez, | 
Man marks not br, | marks not be mi'tx hand, ] 
Aat, e'vur bx'zx, | qxlz be si'lent sfxrzs | 
Wurks xn be sx'kret dxp', | csts, stx'mxrj, bens, | 
Ae for profu'jun bat o'urspredz' be sprxrj*, | 
Flxrjz from be sun dxrekt' be fle'mxrj de v , | 
Fxdz e'vurx krx clt, | hurlz be tenrpest for£h ; | 
And, az on urS bxs gret'ful 6encj rxvolvz', | 
Wxb transport, tu'cxz ol be sprxrjz ov lif v . | 



238 PRaKTIKAL ELfiKJUCIIN. 

Ne'6ur, atsnd' ! | cjan e'vurx lx'vxrj seal, | 

Bxnxb' be spe'cus tenvpl ov be ski', | 

In ado3re v cun, cjanv, | and ardent rez 

Wun cje'nural son* ! | Ts hxm, yx vo'kal gelz, ] 

Brxb soft* ; | hsz spi'rxt in yur freezes brxbzv : | 

Q tok ov hxm xn so'lxtarx glsmz* ! | 

Qor co'ur be rok, | bs skors'lx we'vxrj pin | 

Fxlz be brcpn ced wxb a rxlx'cjus o v . | 

And yx hsz bol'dur not xz hurd afar', 

Hs cek bx asto'nxct wurldv, | lxft hi ts hevn 

Ax xmpe'6uus son v , | and se from hsm yu recj v . j 

Hxz prez, yx bruks', atmr, | yx trem'blxrj rxlzx, | 
'And 1st mx ka£ xt az I muz alon v . | 
Yx hedlon to rents, | ra'pxd, and preofepnd*; | 
Yx softur fludz | bat lxd be hu'mxd mez 
Alorj' be veh, | and bep, macjes'txk men', | 
A sx'krst wurld ov wun'durz xn biself, | 
Scpnd hxz stupen'dus prez, | hsz gre'tur vas | 
Or bxdz yu rcor, | or bxdz yur rco'rxrjz foL | 

Soft rol yur xn^sens, | urbz /? and fruts', and flcp*urz, 
Xn mxrj'gld klcpdz ts hxm | hsz sun exits'; | 
Hsz bre& purfumz* yu* ; | and hsz pen'sxl pents. | 
Yx fo'rests, bend* ; | yx har'vests, wev* ts hxniv ; I 
Brxb yur stxl son xn'ts be rx'pur'z hart', | 
Az hcom hx graz bxnxb' be cja'us msn . | 

Yx bat kxp wo£ xn hev'n, | az ur$ aslxp' 
Llnkoivcus liz\, | efuz' yur mild'est bxmzv, | 
Yx konstele cunz, | qil yur en'cjelz strik, | 
Amxd' be sparj'gld ski, | be sxl'vur lir . | 



PRftKTXKa.I< ELQKIJCUN. 239 

Gret sors ov de x ! | best x'mxcj lixr bxlor 

Ov bi Krxe v tur, | e'vur pcorxrj wid 

From wurld ts wurld, | be vi'tal orcun rcpndv, | 

On Ne'6ur rit wxb e'vurx bxnr, hxz prez^. | 

Yx vmn'durz, tcoY ; | bx huct be pros'tret wurld*, ; 
Qil klqpd ts klcpd rxturnz v be so'lem hxrn . | 
Blxt cpt afrec, yx hxlz ( ; | yx mo'sx roks, 
Rxten v be scpnd* ; | be brod rxspon'sxv \o, 
Yx va'lxz, rez* — | for be Gret Ce N purd renz* ; | 
And hxz unsu'furxrj kxrj'dum yet wxl kum. | 
Yx wud'landz, ol, awek 1 ! | a bqmd'les son 
Burst from be grcovzv ; | and, qen be rest'les de, 
Lxpir'xrj, | lez be worblxrj wurld aslxp', | 
Swx'test ov burdz , | swxt Fxloomx'la, | 6arm 
Ae lxs'nxrj cedz*, | and tx6 be nit' hxz prez. | 

Yx 6xf , | for hsm be hwl krxe cun smilzv, | 
At wuns be hed v , be hart', be turp ov ok, | 
Krcpn' be gret hxrn . | Xn swormxrj sx'txz vast, j 
Asem'bld men, | ts be dxp organ, | cjan 
Ae lorj-rxzcpn'dxrj vas v , | oft bre'kxrj klxr, 
At so'lem po'zxz, | Srs be swe'lxrj bes* ; | 
And, az x£ mxn'glxrj flem xnkrx'sxz x6, \ 
In wun yuni'ted ardur, riz ts hev*n. | 
Or, xf yu ra'bur 6sz be ru'ral ced, | 
And find a fen xn e'vurx se'kred grov, | 
Aor let be ce'purd'z flut*, | be vurc|xn'z lev, | 
Ae prom'txrj se raf, | and be pco'et's lip, | 
Stxl sxr) be God ov Sx'znz az be r«L | 

For mx, qen I forget' be dar'lxrj &xm, | 
Qe'bur be blo'sum blcoz*, I be su'mur re 



240 PRftKTXK&L ELfiKIJCUN. 

Ru'sets be plen x , | xnspi'rxrj o'tum glxmz* | 
Or wxn'tur rizxz xn be blak'nxrj xst, | 
Bx mi turj mut v , | mi fan'sx pent nco mon, | 
And ded ts <Ja, | forgsf mi hart ts bxt! | 

Cud fet komand' mx ts be far'bsst vurc] 

Ov be grxn ur$', | ts dxs'tant bar'burus klimz*, 

Rx'vurz unnon 1 ts son^, | qor furst be sun 

Gxldz Xn'dxan mcpn txnz, | or hxz sstxrj bxm 

Flemz on bx Atlan'txk ilz x , | 'txz not ts mx, | 

Sxns God xz £'vur present, | e'vur felts | 

In be void west | az xn be sx'tx full ; | 

And qor hx vi'tal brxbz, | bor must bx <^CT k . | 

Qgn x'n at last be so'lsm cpr cal kum, | 
And wxq mi mxs'txk flit ts fo'cur wurldz x , | 
I te'ful wxl cobd ; | bor, wxb nu pcp'urz, | 
Wxl ri'zxrj wun'durz sxty : | I ka'not go \ 
Qor Yunxvursal Luv smilz not ar<pnd x , | 
Suste'nxrj ol yon orbz, | and ol bor sunzv ; | 
From sx'mxn x'vl stxl xdu'sxrj gud x , | 
And bs'tur bens ag8n% | and be'tur stxl', | 
Xn xn'fxnxt progrcvcun. | But I lsz 
Miself' xn Hxnr, | xn Lit xnsTabl ! | 
Kum ben, exprs'sxv Srlsns, | muz x Hxz prez v . | 



AE MA'RXNUR'Z DRXM\ 
(dimund.) 

Xn slum'burz ov mxd\nit, be se*lur-ba le ; | 
Hxz ha'muk swurj lss at be sport ov be wind* ; 

But woc'-wrarn and wx'rx, hxz korz flu awe' ; | 
And vx'junz ov ha^pxnss danst o'ur hxz mind k . | 



PRaKTKKiL ELQKIJCIIN. 24] 

Hx drxmd ov hxz honr, | ov hxz dxr ne'txv bqmrz, | 
And pk'jurz bat we'ted on lifV me'rx morn» ; | 

Qil Mcmori stud sid^wiz, haf ku'vurd wxb fl(p v urz, | 
And rxstcord' e'vurx rcoz, | but sxkrx'ted its dorn t . | 

Aen Famsx hur ma'c|xkal pxn'yunz spred wid,, | 
And bad be yun drx'mur xn ek'stasx riz* — | 

N(p far, far bxhind' hxm, be grxn wo'turz glid ; | 
And be kot ov hxz forfaburz ble'sxz hxz iz . | 

Ae cje'samxn klam'burz xn flcp'ur o'ur be Sa& ; | 

And be swodco sxrjz swxt from hur nest xn be woh ; | 

01 trem'blxrj wxb transport, hx re'zxz be \&6 ; | 
And be vq'sxz ov luvd' wunz rxpli ts hiz koL | 

A fa'bur bendz o'ur hxm wxb luks ov dxlif ; | 

Hxz £xk xz xmpurld' wxb a mu'bur'z worm txn ; | 

And be Ixps ov be ba xn a luv v -kxs, yunit' | 

Wxb be lxps ov be med hsm hxz bs'zum holdz dxr ( . | 

Ae hart ov be slx'pur bxts hi xn hxz brest* ; | 

Da kwxk'nz hxz puis* — | ol hardcxps sxm o'un ; | 

And a murmur ov ha pxnes stxlz Srs hxz rest' — | 
Kind Fet, bcp hast blest* mx* — | I ask for no mar. | 

A ! qot xz bat flem bat ncp bursts on hxz h ? | 
A! qot xz bat scfnd qx6 ncp la'rumz hxz xr*? | 

'Txz be lit'nxrj'z red glor, pentxrj hel' on be ski* ! | 
'Txz be kra'cxi) ov Sun*durz, | be gron ov be sfxr ! | 

Hx sprxnz from hxz hamuk — | hx Hiz ts be dek 1 — | 
Amez'ment konfrunts' hxm wxb x'mxcjxz dir — | 

Wild wxndz and mad wevz driv be vesel a relc — | 
Ae masts iii xn splxn turz — | be crcpdz ar on fir ! | 
21 



242 PRAKTIKftL LLQKIJCUN. 

Lik mcpn txnz be bx'loz trxmen^duslx swek — | 
In ven be lost rs£ kolz on Mur'sx ts sew ; | 

Unsxn' handz ov spx'rxts, ar rxiyxrj hxz nel v ; | 

And be de&'-emjel flaps hxz brod wxrj co'ur be wev 

Q se'lur-ba ! wco ts bi drxm ov dxlit^ ! | 

In dark'nes dxzolvz' be ge frost'-wurk ov blxsx. | 

Qor ncp xz be pxk'6ur bat Fan'sx tu£t brit v , | 

Ai po'rents fond pre'cur, | and luv'z hu'nxd kxsj | 

Q se'lur-ba ! se'lur-ba ! | ne'vur agen', | 

Cal horn', luv', or kxndred, bi wx'cxz rxpev ; | 

Unblest' and uno^nurd, | dcpn dxp xn be men, | 
Ful me'nx a skor fa'bum, | bi frem cal dxke . | 

No'tsm cal e'ur plxd ts rxmem'brans for bx% | 

Or rxdxm' form' or frem' from be mursxles surcj^ ; J 

But be qit fom ov wevz », cal bi wind'xn-cxt bx, | 
And wxndz, xn be mxd'nit ov wxirtuir, bi durcjj j 

On bedz ov grxn sx'-fl(purz, bi lxmz cal bx ledv ; | 
Arcpnd' bi qit bonz, be red koTal cal grco v ; 

Ov bi for ye'lo loks, Sredz ov am' bur bx med v ; | 
And e'vurx part sut ts bi man'cun bxlco v . | 

Dez, munis', yxrz', and e'cjxz cal surkl awe x ; ) 
And stxl be vast wo'turz abuv^ bx cal rcok — j 

Ur$ ls'zxz bi pa'turn for e'vur and e 1 : — | 
Q se'lur-ba ! se'lur-ba ! pxs ts bi sol J j 



PRaKTUiAL ELfiKUCUN. 243 

ON GOD 1 . 

[From be Rs'can $Ln&o'locJx.~\ 

(dlrj^vxn.) 

Q A* xturnal Wun ! | hsz prs'zens brit | 
01 spes dud o*kupi, | ol mo'cun gidv ; | 
Ilncencjd' drs tim'z ol-de'vastetxrj flit v ; j 
Acp omlx God* ! | Aor xz no God bxsid v ! | 
Bx'xrj abuv oF bxanz ! | Mi tx Wun» ! | 
Hsm nun kan komprxhend', | and nun explor ; ] 
Hs fxlst ea-Xs'tsns wxb bisslf alon : | 
Lmbre'sxi] ol* — | supor'txrj — | ru'lxr) o'ur — | 
Bx'xi) hsm wx kol God* — | and no' no mor ! | 

In xts sublim' rxsur6', | fxlo'sofx 

Me m£'jur cpt bx ocun-dxp — | me kcpnt 

As sandz N , | or be sun'z rez' — | but, God ! | for bx 

Aor xz no Avet, nor msijur : | nun kan mrpnt 

Up ts bi mxsturxz. I Rx'zn'z bri'test sparky | 

Ao kxn'dld bi bi lit', | in ven wud tri 

Ts tres bi kcpn'sdz, j in'fxnxt and dark ; | 

And Sot xz lost v | or dot kan sor so hr, [ 

X'n lik past mo'ments in xturjuti. | 

Acp from primx'val nu&irjnes, | didst kol 

Furst ke v os, | ben s^xs^tcns — | Lord, on bx 

Xturjuti had its fcpnde^cun : — | ol 

Sprun ford from bv: — | ov lit „ | $a\ | harmonx, 

Sol omcjxn : | ol lif ', | ol bu^ti bin . | 

Ai wurd krxe'tsd oh, | and duS x krxet ; | 

Ai splen'dur filz ol spes wib rez dxvin . | 



244 PRaKTHKAL ELQKHCUN. 

Acp art', | and wsrf, | and calt x bx ! | GIotxus ! | Gret ! 
Lif -gxvxrj, | Lif-suste\nxn Po v tsntet ! | 

Ai £enz bx unms'jurd yirnxvurs surqmd*: | 

Upheld' bi bx, | bi bx xnspird' wxb brs£K : | 

Acp bs bxgx'nxrj wxb bx snd v hast bcpnd v , | 

And bu'txfulx mxn'gld lif and ds$ ! | 

Az sparks mcpnt up'wardz from be firx blez% | 

So sunz' ar bonr ; | so wurldz v sprxn for& from bx* : j 

And, az bs span'glz xn bs su'nx rez | 

Cin rcpnd bs sxl'vur snor, | bs pa'cjsntrx 

Ov hsvn'z brit ar'mx, | glx'turz xn bi prez^. | 

A mxl'yun torixz, Ii'tsd bi bi hand, | 
Won'dur unwx'rxd Ors bs bin abxs^ : | 
Ae on bi pcp x ur, | akonrplxc bi komand*, | 
01 ge wxb lif, | ol sl'okwsnt wxb blxs,. | 
Qot cal wx koh bsm* ? | Pilz ov krxstal lit', ] 
A glo'rxus kum'panx ov goldn strxmz x , | 
Lamps ov sxlss'6al x v)ur, | burnxrj brit v — | 
Sunz v , li'txn sxs'tsmz wxb bar cjcrus bxmz* ? j 
But bq) ts bxz art az bs nsn ts nk . | 

Ysss az a drop ov wo'tur xn bs sx\ | 

01 bxs magnx'fxssns xn bx xz lost v ! | 

Qot ar tsn Qcp'zand wurldz' kompord' ts bx v ? | 

And qot am V bsn^? | Hsvn'z unnum'burd host, 

Ao multxplid' bi mxrxadz, | and ared' 

Xn ol bz glo'rx ov subli'msst §qV, \ 

J(z but an a'tum xn bs ba'lans, | wed 

Agsnst bi gretnss — | xz a siTur brot 

Agsnsf xnfxmtx ! | Qot am I 1 bsn^ ? | Not x ! | 



PRkKTXKAL LLS2KUCUN. 24c 

Not' ! | But bx s'flijsns ov bi lit dxvin', | 
Purve'dxrj wurldz, | haS rx£t mi bs^zum ts» ; | 
Yes x ! xn mi v spx'rxt du& bi' spx'rxt cin', | 
Az cinz bs sun'bxm in a drop ov dip. | 
Not' ! | but I lxv, and on hop's pxn'yunz fii | 
X'gur to'ardz bi prs>zsns ; | for xn bx 

I lxv, | and brxb', | and dwsh ; | aspir'xrj hi 1 , | 
X'n ts be Oron ov bi dxvXvnxtx. | 

I I am, Q God! | and curlx bcp v must bx v ! | 

Acp art* ! | dxrsk'txrj, gi'dxrj oL, | bcp art' ! | 
Dxrekf mi undurstan dxrj, ben, ts bx* ; | 
Kontrol' mi spxTxt, | gid mi won'durxrj hart* : | 
Ao but an a*tum mxdst xmmsn'sxtx, | 
Stxl I am sum'xkrj fa'cund bi bi hand* ! | 
I hold a mx'dl rarjk 'twxxt hsvn and ur$*, | 
On be last vurc] ov mortal bx'xrj stand, | 
Klos ts bs rslmz qor en cjslz hav bor burvh, | 
Dust on be bcpn'darxz ov bs spx^xt-land ! | 

Ac cen ov bx'xrj xz komplxt* xn mxv, — | 
Xn mx xz ma'tur'z last grade'cun lost* ; | 
And bs nsxt stsp xz spxTxt — | Dxatx ! | 
I kan komand' bs litnxrj, | and am dust ! | 
A mo'nark, | and a slev* : | a wurm x | a God* ! | 
Qsns kern* I hxn? | and hep so marvsluslx 
Konstruk'tsd, and konsxvdv ? | unnon v . | Axs klod 
Lxvz curlx $rs sum hi'ur s*nurgx ; | 
For from xtsslf alon', | xt kud not bx ! | 

Krxe'tur, yes» ! | bi wxz'dum and bi wurd v 
Krxe'tsd mx^ ! | Acp s-ors ov lif and gudx ! | 
21* 



246 PR&KTXK&L LLQKUCUN. 

Acp spx'rxt ov m'v spx'rxt, | and mi Lord 1 ! | 
Ai lit v , | bi luv v , | in bar brit pls'nxtud, | 
Fxld mx wxb an xmmor'tal sol | ts sprxi) 
Q'ur bx abxs' ov dsS% | and bad xt war 
As garments ov xtur'nal de, | and wxn 
Its hsvnlx flit | bxyond' bxs lxtl sfxr, | 
X'n ts xts sors^ — | ts bx' — | xts OSur bar, 

Q dots xnsTabl ! | Q vx'junz blest^ ! | 
Ao wuriMss, cpr konssp'cunz ol x ov bx'; | 
Yst cal bi ca'dcod x'mxcj fxl cpr brsst, | 
And waft xts ho'mec] ts bi Dx^xtx. | 
God, bus alcon' mi lo'lx dots kan soi\ ; | 
Aus sxk bi prs v zsns, | Bx'xn wiz and gud, ! | 
Mxdst bi vast wurks admir', | obe', | ador 
And, qsn bs tun xz sl'okwsnt no mor, | 
As sol cal spxk xn txrz ov gra txtud. | 



WIA$T' GOD IN AL WLTRLD. 

(rev. RO'BURT hol.) 

Ax sxklu'jun ov a Suprxnr Bx'xrj, | and ov a supur- 
xntsn'dxrj provxdsns, | tsndz dxrskt'lx ts be dxstruk'cun 
ov mo'ral test. | It robz bs yu'nxvurs ov ol fx'nxct and 
konsu'met sk'sslsns, | x'vn xn idx v a. | Ax admxre'cun ov 
pur'fskt wxz'dum and gud'nss | for qx£ wx ar formd, | 
and qx£ kxn'dlz su6 unspx'kabl rap'fojr xn bs sol, | 
find'xrj xn bs rx'cjunz ov sksp'txsxzm | nu'Sxn ts qxc xt 
korxspondz', | drsps and larj*gwxcxz. | In a wurld qx6 



PRAKTUvaL ELfiKUCUN. 24'< 

prxzentz- a for spek'takl ov or'dur and bu'tx, | ov a 
vast fa'mxlx, mrrxct and supwrted bi an Olmxtx Po'- 
rent — | xn a wurld qx6 lxdz be dxvqpt' mind, step bi 
step, | ts be kontemple'cun ov be furst for, and be furst 
gud, | be skep'txk xz enkunvpast wxb nu'Sxrj but obsku'- 
rxtx, mxn'nes, and dxzor dur. | 

Qen wx rxflekt' on be ma'nur xn qx£ bx idx'a ov 
Dx'xtx xz formd, | wx must bx konvxnsf | bat su6 an 
idx'a xn'txmetlx pre'zent ts be mind, | must hav a mcost 
pep'urful efekf | xn rxfi'nxrj be mo'ral tesU | Rompwzd' 
ov be rx'6est el'xments, | xt embre'sxz xn be ka'raktur 
ov a bxne'fxsent Parent, | and Qlmi'tx Rii'lur, | qot- 
e'vur xz ve'nurabl xn wxzdum, | qote'vur xz o'ful xn 
0S0 rxtx, | qote'vur xz tu'6xrj xn gud^nes. | 

Hu'man ek'selens xz blen'dxd wxb me'nx xmpurfelo 
cunz, | and sxn un'dur me'nx lxmxtecunz. | It xz bxheld' 
comix xn dxta£f and se paret pconcunz, | nor e'vur 
apxrz' xn e'nx wun ka'raktur, | hcol and entir . | So 
bat qen, xn xmxte'6un ov be Stcj'xks, | wx wxc ts form 
cpt ov bxz frag'ments | be nco'cun ov a pur'fektlx wiz 
and gud man, | wx no xt xz a mxr fxkcun ov be mind ( ,| 
wxbcfif e'nx rx'al bx'xrj xn hsm xt xz embo'dxd and rx v al- 
izd. | Xn be bxlxf ov a Dx'xtx, | bxz konsep'cunz ar rx- 
dust' ts rxa lxtx — | be ska'turd rez ov an idx'al ek'sel- 
ens ar konseirtreted, | and bxkum' be rx'al a'trxbuts ov 
bat Bx'xi] | wxb hsm wx stand xn be nxrest rxle v cun — | 
hs sxts suprxm' at be hed ov be yirnxvurs, | xz armd 
wxb xn'fxnxt pcp'ur, | and purvedz' ol ne'6ur wxb hxz 
pre>zens. | 

Ax e'fxkasx ov bxz sen'txments, | xn prcodu'sxrj and 
ogmen'txrj a vurfuus test, | wxl xndxd' bx propcor'cund 
ts be vx'vxdnes wxb qx£ be ar formd v , | and be frx'- 



248 PR&KTXK&E ELJ2KIJCUN. 

kwsnsx wxb qxc be rxkui\ ; | yet sum bs'nxfxt wxl no' 
fel ts rxsulf from bsm | x'vn xn bor lo x sst dxgrx,. | 

Ax idx'a ov bs Suprxm' Bx'xrj | haz bxs' pxkul'yar 
pro v purtx — | bat, az xt admxts' ov no sub'stxtut, | so, 
from bs furst mo'nisnt xt xz xmprssts | xt xz ke'pabl 
ov kontxivyual gro& and snlarcj'msnt. | God hxmsslf 
xz xmmu N tabl ; | but (pr konssp'cun ov hxz ka'raktur | 
xz kontxn'yualx rxsx'vxrj frsc akss^unz, — | xz kontxn'- 
yualx gro'xrj mor sxtsn'dxd and rxful^cjsnt, | bi ha'vxrj 
transfurd' upon xt | nu purssp'cunz ov bu'tx and gud.- 
nss; | bi atrak'txrj ts xt'self, az a ssn'tur, | qots'vur 
borz bx xm'prss ov dxg'nxtx, or'dur, or ha^pxnss. | Xt 
bo'roz splsn'dur from ol bat xz for^ | subordxnets ts 
xtsslf ol bat xz gret', | and sxts snSrond' on bs rx'cxz 
ov be yirnxvurs. | 



AE ®RX WQITNIIjZ. 

(MRS. 0REL.) 

Ae trx ov dx'psst rst, xz fcpnd | 
Lxst wx'lxrj stxl ts kwxt bs grcpnd^ : | 
'Twoz bsrfor ssd bi en'csnt se'cjxz, | 

Aat luv ov lif xnkrxst' wxb yxrz | 
So mu£, | bat, xn (pr la'tur ste'cjxz, | 
Qsn penz gro carp, and sxk'nss re'c[xz ? 

Ae gre'tsst luv ov lif apxra. | 
Axs gret afsk'cun ts bxlxv, | 
Qx6 ol konfssv, | but fu pursxv v , | 
If old asurcunz kant prxvel', | 
Bx plxzd ts hxr a rno'durn te\. \ 



PIta.KTXKa.L*,LQKtfCtIN. 249 

Qen sports went rcpnd, and ol wer ge, | 
On ne'bur Dod'sn'z we'dxrj-de, | 
De& kold asid' be cjo'kund grsrn | 
Wxb hxm, xnts anu'bur rsnr ; | 
And lu'kxn. grev — | " Yu must," sez hx, | 
" Kwxt yur swxt brid, | and kum wxb mi." | 
" Wxb yu ! | and kwxt mi Ss'zn'z sid ! | 
Wxb yu! 1 ' | be hap'les huz'band krid; | 
" Yurj az I am, 't xz mon'strus hardv ! | 
Bxsid', xn tru$, I 'm not prxpord* : | 
Mi Sots on u bur mavturz gov ; | 
Axs xz mi we'dxq-de, yu nco,." | 

Qot mcor hx urcjd, I hav not hurd>, | 

Hxz rx'znz kud not wel bx stron"gur; | 
So Deft be psr dxlxn/kwent spords | 
And left ts lxv a lx'tl lorjvgur. | 
Yet,, ko'lxi) up a sx'rxus luk — | 
(Hxz cpr'glas trenrbld qil hx spoL) | 
" Ne'bur," hx sed, ( " forweh | No mor 
Cal De& dxsturb' yur murS'ful q?i\ ; | 
And far$ur, | ts avad- ol blem | 
Ov krL v eltx upon' mi nem, | 
Ts gxv yu tim for prepare'cun, | 
And fxt yu for yur fu'£ur ste'cun, | 
©rx se'vural wor nxijz yu cal hav, | 
Bxfor yu'r su'mund ts be grev. [ 
Wx'lxrj for wuns, I '1 kwxt mi pre, | 
And grant a kind rxprxv x , | 
In hops yu '1 hav no mor ts se^ ; | 
But, qen I kol agen x bxs we, | 
Wel plxzd be wurld wxl lxv v ." | 



250 p R & k T X K a. L ILfiKL'CUN. 

Ts bxz kondx'cunz bo& konserrted, | 
And parted purfsktlx konterhtsd. | 



Qot nsxt be hx'ro ov cpr tel bxfel', | 

Hep Ion. hx lxvds | hep wiz v , | hep \v&h | 

Hep repnd'lx hx pursud' hxz kors', | 

And smokt hxz pips | and strokt hxz hors', 

As wx'lxrj muz cal tek : | 
Hx fefurd ben, | hx bot\ | hx soldx, | 
Nor wuns pursxvd x hxz gro'xrj old, | 

Nor Sot ov DeS az nxr, ; | 
Hxz frendz not fols, | hxz wif no cru, | 
Me'nx hxz genz, | hxz 6xl'dren fxj, | 

Hx past, hxz cprz xn pxs\. | 
But, qil hx vud hxz weIS inkrxs', | 
Qil bus alorj' Lif's dus'tx rcod | 
As bxtn trak kontsnt' hx trod, | 
Qld Tim, | hsz hest no mor'tal sporz, [ 
Unkold', | unhrded, | unaworz v , | 

Brot on hxz e'txsft yxr . | 
And nep, wun nit, | xn mu'zxrj msd, | 

Az ol alon' hx sat, | 
Ax unwsl'kum ms'ssncjur ov Fet, | 

Wuns raeor bxfor hxm stud ( . | 

Haf kxld wxb aiygur and surpriz', | 
K So ssn rxturnd' ! " | old Dod'sn kriz. | 
"So ssn, d'yx kol xt V | De& rxpliz' : 
" Cur'lx, mi frend, | yu 'r but xn c]est x ! 

Sxns I woz hxr bxfor' | 
Txz sxx-and-Surtx yxrz' at lxst, | 
And yu ar nep forskor ." | 



PR&KTXKSYL ELQKUCUN. 251 

" So mu£ be wursV | be klcpn rxc|and ( , | 
" Ts spor bx e'c]ed wud bx kind x : | 
Hqpe'vur, sx yur sur6 bx lxgal; | 
And yur oQo rxtx — | xz 't rx'gal ? | 
Lis yu ar kum on a fsl'z x e^and, | 
Wxb but a sek v rxtarx'z wo»rant. | 
Bxsids yu pro'mxst mx ©rx Wornxrjz; | 
Qx6 I hav lukt for, nits and mornxrjz ! | 
But, for bat los ov tim, and xz, | 
I kan rxku'vur da v mxc[xz." | 

" I nw" kriz De$, | " bat, at be best', | 

I sel'dum am a wel v kum gestv ; | 

But dont bx kap'cus, frend, at best 1 : | 

I lx'tl Sot yud stxl bx e'bl | 

Ts stump abept' yur farm and ste.bl ; | 

Yur yxrz hav run ts a gret lerj^ ; | 

I wxc yu cja, bo, ov yur strerj£h ! " | 

" HcoldV sez be fanmur, | " not so fast v ! | 

I hav bxn lem bxz for yxrzv past v ! " | 

" And no gret wun^dur," | De& rxplizv : | 

" Hcpe'vur, yu stxl kxp yur \z ; | 

And cur, ts sx wun'z luvz and frendz, | 

For legz and armz wud mek amendz/' | 

" Purhaps'," sez Dod'sn, " so xt mit x , | 

But la'turlx, Pv lost mi sit/' | 

"Axs xz a co^kxrj tel, 'txz trus | 

But stxl bar'z kum'furt left x for yU\ : | 

Xt strivz yur sad'nes ts amwz' — | 

I woTant yu hxr ol be nuz v ." | 

" Aor'z nun\" kriz hx ; | " and xf bor wer, | 

I 'm grcon so def, I kud not hxr k ." | 



252 PRa.KTXKAL ELQKUCUN. 

" Ne', ben," | be spek'tur sturn rxcjand*, | 

" Axz ar uncjus'txfiabl yui\nxrjz ; | 
Xf yu ar Lem', and Dzf', and Blind', | 

Yu'v had v yur ®rx sufx'csnt Wonnxnz. 
Sco, kum alor) v , | no mor wx '1 part* ;" | 
Hx sed, | and tucH hxm wxb hxz dart v . | 
And ncp, cold Dod'sn tur'nxi] pel, | 
Yxldz ts hxz fet — I sco endz mi tel . I 



AE KAMXLXUN; OR, PURTXNA'SXTX EX- 
PQZD\ 

( M E x R X K . ) 

Oft haz xt bxn mi lot ts mark | 
A prcpd, konsx'ted, to'kxrj spark v , | 
Wxb iz bat hard'lx survd at mcost* | 
Ts gard bor mas'tur 'gsnst a post ; | 
Yet rcpnd bs wurld bs bled haz bxn, | 
Ts sx qots'vur kud bx sxn^; | 
Rxtur'nxrj from hxz fx'nxct tsr, | 
Grcon ten timz pur'tur ban bxfcon ; | 
Qote'vur wurd yu 6ans ts drop, | 
Ae tra'veld fsl yur mcpS wxl stop*. | 
" Sur, xf mi cjucj'ment yu'l alcp' — | 
XV sxn v — | and cur I cot ts no*." | 
Sco, begz yu "d pe a du submx y cun, | 
And akwxss' xn hxz dxsxjun. | 

Ts tra'velurz ov sue; a kast, | 

Az co'ur Are'bxa'z wildz v be past', | 



PEaKTIKiL ELfiKIJCUN. 253 

And on bar we, in frsnd'lx £at, | 
Ncp tokt ov bis', and bsn ov bat', | 
Dxskcorst' a qil, 'murjst u bur ma'tur, | 
Ov bs Kamx'lxun'z forms 1 and ne^ur. I 



"A stren'tjur a'nimal," kriz wun, | 
" Cur ns'vur lxvd bxnxb' bs sun* ! | 
A li'zard'z bo x di, | lxn and lorjv, | 
A fx'cxz hsd v , | a sur'psrit's turj*, | 
Its fut wxb trx'pl klo^ dxzcjand^ — | 
And qot a lsrj& ov teF bxhindi ! | 
Hep slco xts pes v ! | and ben xts hu — | 
Hs s'vur so so fin a bluj" | 

" Hcold^ bor*," | bx u'bur kwxk rxplizv, | 
" 'T xz grxn' — | I so xt wxb bxz iz', | 
Az let wxb co'pn mcpS, xt le, | 
And wormd xt xn bs su'nx re* ; | 
Strs£t at xts xz% bs bxst I vud', ] 
And so xt xt bx or for fsd ." | 

" I 'v sxn xt, frsnd, az wsl az yin. | 
And must agsn' afurm' xt bliJv. | 
At lxjur, I bs bxst surved', | 
Lxtsn'dsd xn bs ksdirj ced ." | 

"'Txz grxm, 'txz grxn, I kan acur yxv." 
" Grxn' !" | kriz bx u'bur xn a fu'rx — | 
" Qi, ds yu Sink I V lost mi iz ?" | 
"'Twer nco gret 1 los," bs frsnd rxpliz', | 
" For, xf be oFwez surv yu bus, | 
Yu '1 find bsm but ov li'tl yjjs ." | 
22 



2 "5 1 PRftKTHiaL LLQKIJCUN. 

So hi at last bs kon'tsst roz, | 
From wurdz be ol'mcost kem ts blcoz : I 
Qsn lu'kxlx kem bi, a Surd* — | 
Ts hxnv bs kwes'6un be rxfuixk ; | 
And bsgd hx 'd tsl bsm, xf hx nu, | 
Qs'bur bs Sxrj woz grxn, or blu. | 

" Surz," kriz bx unvpir, | " sxs yur pirbur ; | 
As krx'cur'z nx'bur wun nor tUxbur. | 
I kot' bx a'rumal last nit, | 
And vud xt co'r bi kairdl-lit : | 
I markt xt we1 v — | 't woz blak az cjstv — | 
Yu stor — | but I hav got xt yst% | 
And kan prcodus' xt." | " Pre ben ds* ; | 
For I am cur bs Qxrj xz bltf*." | 

And I '1 sngecj' | bat. qsn yu 'v sxn | 
As rsp'txl, | yu '1 prconcpns' hxm grxn,." | 
" Wsl bsn, | at wuns ts snd bs dcpt," | 
Rxpliz- bs man, | " I '1 turn hxm cpt : | 
And, qsn bxfbr' yur iz IV set hxm, | 
* If yu domt find hxm blak, | I '1 xV hxmv." | 
Hx ssd ; | bsn ful bxfar bor sit | 
Prcodust' bs bxst*, | and lo ! — 't woz qit v ! | 

BcoS stord* : | bs man lukt wun^drus wiz v — 
" Mi 6xl'drsn," | bs Kamx'lxun kriz," | 
(Asn furst bs krx'cur fcpnd a tun) | 
*' Yu ol ar rit, | and ol ar rorj, : | 
Qsn nsxt yu tok ov qot yu vu, | 
0xnk u'burz sx az wsl az yu* : | 
Nor wun'dur xf yu find bat nun, | 
Prxfurz' yur* i-sit ts hxz cm/' 



PRaKTHKAL ELQKIJCIIN. 055 

AX XNVQKE CUN. 

[Rjtn aftur be de& ov a sistur-jcji-lo.] 

(mrs. hx manz.) 

Ansur mx, burnin starz ov nit ! | 

Qor haft be spirit gon, | 
Aat, past be rx£ ov hu'man sit, | 

X'n az a brxz*, ha& flcorix ? | 
And be starz an'surd mx, — | " Wx rtol | 

In lit and pcp'ur on hr ; | 
But ov be ne'vur-di-xn sgdI, | 

Ask Sinz bat kanot di v ! " | 

Q me'm-tond, and 6en'les wind* ! | 

Acp art a won'durur frx;| 
Tel mx if bq? its pies kanst find | 

Far co'vur mcpnt and sxv? | 
And be wind murmurd in rxpli', — | 

" Ae bin dxp I hav krost, | 
And met its barks and bi'lcoz hr, | 

But not qot bcp hast lost J" | 

Yx klcpdz bat gorcjusli rxpcoz' | 

Arqmd' be se'txrj suit, | 
An sur ! | hav yx a hcom for bcoz | 

Hsz urd'li res iz run'? | 
Ae brit kl([dz an'surd, — | " Wx dxpart, | 

Wx va nic from be skiv ; | 
Ask qot iz de&'les in bi harts | 

For bat qi6 ka'not di ! " 



25G PR&KTXKA.L LLfiKIJCUN. 

Spxk\ ben\ bcp vas ov God wxbxn v ! | 

Acp ov be dxp lo tcoir ! | 
An sur mx* ! | 3rs lif's rest'les dxn, | 

Qor ha& be spxTxt flconv? | 
And b8 vcas an'surd, — | " Bx bop stxl ! | 

Xnuf' ts no xz gxv^n ; | 
Klcpdz, windz, and starz dor task fulfxl', — | 

Ain xz ts trust xn Hev n ! " I 



HATI FRX'DUM OV AE MAN HKM GRES V 
MEKS FRX, 

(k^pur.) 

Hx xz be frx'man, hsm be truS v meks frxv ; | 
And col ar slevz' bxsidw | Aor 'z not a 6en | 
Aat hedxc fcoz, konfe'duret for hxz harm, | 
Kan wind arcpnd' hxm, | but hx kasts xt of | 
Wxb az mu6 xz az Sarrvsn hxz grxn wx$s v . | 
Hx luks abrod' xn'ts be ve'rxd fxld 
Ov ne'6ur, | and, bo psr, purhaps', | kompord' 
Wxb boz hsz man'cunz glx'tur xn hxz sit, | 
Kolz be dxlit'ful sx'nurx ol hxz can . | 

Hxz ar be mepn txnz ; | and be va'lxz hxz* ; | 

And be rxsplen'dent rx Vurz : | hxz ts encjex' | 

Wxb a prcopri'xtx bat nun kan fxl, | 

But hs, wxb fxl'yal kon'fxdens xnspird', | 

Kan lift ts hevn an unprxzum'6uus i, | 

And, smilxrj, se, — | " Mr Fa'bur med bem olj" | 



PR&KTXK5LL ELQKKCUN. 257 

Ar be not hxz bi a pxkulyar rit^ | 

And bi an em'fasxs ov xn^turest hxz, | 

Hsz i be fxl wxb txrz ov hodx (Jcr, | 

Hsz hart wxb prez v , | and hsz e^ol'tsd mind | 

Wxb wur'bx vk)ts ov bat unwx'rxd luv | 

Aat pland and bxlt, | and stxl upholdz' a wurld | 

So klobd wxb bu'tx, | for rxbehyus man? | 

Yes* — | yx me fxl yur garnurz, | yx bat rxp 
As lo'ded sals | and yx me west mu6 gud 
In ssns'lss rlut ; | but yx wxl not find 
In fxst, | or xn be ces% | xn son', or dans', | 
A lx'burtx lik hxz, | hs, unxmpx£t' 
Ov yuzurpe'cun, | and ts no man'z ron, | 
Apro'prxets ne'6ur az hxz Fa'bur'z wurk, | 
And haz a rx'6ur yus ov yurz ban yu v . | 
Hx xz xndxd v a ftxman : | frx bi bur& 
Ov no mxn sx v tx, | pland or or be hxlz* 
Wer bxlt v , | be fcpn'txnz o^pnd, | or be sx v | 
Wxb ol hxz rorxq mul'txtud ov wevz v . | 

Hxz frx'dum xz be sem xn e vurx stet N ; | 
And no kondx'cun ov bxs cenc|'ful lif, | 
So ma'nxfcold xn korz, | hsz ev'rx de 
Brxnz xts on xvl wxb xt, | meks xt les x ; | 
For hx haz wxnz | bat nx'bur sxk'nes, pen, 
Nor peiryurx | kan krx'pl, or konfinv : | 
No nuk so na'ro | but hx sprsdz bem bor 
Wxb xz% | and xz at larc^ : | bx opre'sur holdz 
Hxz bo'dx bq)nd, | but noz not qot a ren^ 
Hxz spxTXt teks*, | unkon'cus ov a 6en* ; | 
And bat ts bind hxm, | xz a ven atsmt v , | 
Hsm God dxlits' xn, | and xn hsm hx dwdz v . | 
22* 



258 PRAKTXKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

AX LX'IL OV HUN. 

Aor kem ts be bx£, a psr ex'il ov Xrxn; | 

Ae du on hxz Oxn rob, woz he'vx, and £xk ; | 
For hxz kun'trx hx sid qen at twi'lit rxpor'xi), | 

Ts won'dur alcon' bi be wxnd'-bxtn hxh | 
But be de-star atrak'ted hxz i'z sad dxvo'cun ; | 
For it roz on hxz on ne'txv il ov bx ocun, | 
Qor wuns, in be furvur ov yuS's worm xmo'cun, | 
Hx surj be bold an'Oem ov X'rxn go bra . | 

Sad xz mi fet ! (sed be hart'-brokn stren'cjur) | 
Ae wild' dxr and wulf ts a ku'vurt kan fix ; | 

But I hav no re'fuc) from fa'mxn and den x cjur : | 
A horn and a kun'trx rxmen' not ts mx v — | 

Ne'vur agen' xn be grxn su'nx bcp'urz, | 

Qor mi fcor'faburz lxvd, | cal I spend be swxt 
q>rzs | 

Or ku'vur mi harp wxb be wild'-wovn flcp'urz, | 
And strik ts be nunvburz ov X'rxn go bra ! | 

X'rxn, mi kun'trx ! | bo sad and forsebn, | 

In drxmz' I rxvx'zxt bi sx'-bxtn cor ; | 
But, alas' ! xn a far, fo'rxn land, I awek'n, | 

And si for be frendz bat kan mxt mx no mor s . | 
Q kru'el fet ! | wxlt bcp ne'vur rxples' mx | 
In a man'cun ov pxs, | qor no pe'rxlz kan ces mx ? j 
Ne'vur agen' cal mi bru'burz embres v mx, — | 
Ae did ts dxfend' mx, | or lxv ts dxplorj | 



PRAKTIKaL LLQKUCUN. 259 

Qor xz mi ka v bxn-dcor, fast bi be wild wud 1 \ 
Sxs'turz and sir, dxd yx wxp for xts fol ? | 

Qor xz be mu'bur bat lukt on mi 6ild v hud ? | 
And qor xz be bs'zum-frend, dxr'ur ban qU \ 

Q mi sad scol ! Ion aban'dund bi ple'jur, | 

Qi dxd xt dot on a fast'-fedxn tre jur ! | 

Txrz, lik be ren'-drops, me fol wxbcpt' mejur ; | 
But rap'6ur and bu'tx be ka not rxkoL | 

Yet ol xts fond rekolek'cunz supre'sxn, | 

Wun di'xq wxc mi Icon bs'zum cal drox : | 
X'rxn ! an ex'il bxkwxbz' bx hxz blesxn ! | 

Land ov mi fcor faburz ! | X'rxn gco bra v ! | 
Berxd and kcold, qen mi hart stxlz hur mwcun, | 
Grxn bx bi fxldz, swx'test il ov bx orcun ! | 
And bi harp'-strikin bardz sxn alcpd' wxb dxvorcun — | 
X'rxn ma vsrnxn ! — | X'rxn gco braj* | 



AE BL'RIAL OV SUR DON MQR, 
lis fel at be Ba'tl ov Korwna. 

(WULF.) 

Not a drum woz hurd, nor a fu'nural not, 
Az hxz kors ts be ram'part wx huTxd; | 

Not a scolcjur dxs£arcjd' hxz forwel' cot v | 
Q'ur be grev qor cpr hxrco wx be^rxd. | 

Wx be'rxd hxm dark'lx at ded ov nit v , | 
Ae sodz wxb cpr be'yunets tur'nxn, | 

* Irland, mi darlxq ! — Irland for evur ! 



260 P R A K T I K a. L LLnKIJCUN. 

Bi be strug'lxrj msn'bxrn'z mxs'tx lit, | 
And be lan'turn dxm'lx burmxn. | 

Nq yus'les ko'fxn enklozd' hxz brest, | 

Nor xn cxt, nor xn crcpd, wx bcpnd x hxm ; | 
But hx le lik a woryur te'kxij hxz rest, | 

Wxb hxz mar'cal klcok v arcpnd hxm v . | 
Fit, and cort wer be prorz' wx sed; | 

And wx spok not a wurd ov so v ro; | 
But wx sted'fastlx gezd on be fes ov be ded ; | 

And wx bx'turlx Sot ov be mora. | 

Wx Sot, az wx ha'lcod hxz na'rco bed, | 

And smsbd dq)n hxz Icon'lx px'lco, | 
Aat be fo and be stren N c|ur wud tred a'ur hxz hed ; 

And wx far awe' on be dxJq. | 
Lit'lx be'l tok ov be spx'rxt bat's gon, | 

And o'ur hxz kcold a'cxz upbred x hxm ; | 
But nu'Sxrj hx'l rek, xf be let hxm slxp on | 

Xn be grev qor a Brx'tun haz led* hxm. | 

But half ov cpr he'vx task woz dun, | 

Qen be klok told bx cpr for rxtirarj ; | 
And wx nu bi be dxs'tant and ran'dum gun, | 

Aat be fco woz su'lenlx firarj. | 
Slco'lx and sadlx wx led hxm dcpn | 

From be fxld ov hxz fem, free and gem : | 
Wx karvd not a Ihr, — | wx rezd not a stcan', | 

But left hxm alon' xn hxz gla^rx. | 



PR&KTXKa.L ELQKUCUN. 261 

Ae Hevnz and bx Ur& co be Glo'rx and be Wxz'- 
dum ov bor KrxeHur. — Ax Urd ha'pxlx adap'ted ts 
be Ne'6nr ov Man x . 

(GfiLD v SMX0.) 

Ae yu'nxvurs me bx konsx'durd | az be pa'las in qx6 
be Dx^xtx rxzidzN ; | and bx ur&, az wun ov xts apart- 
ments. | In bxs, ol be mx'nur re'sxz ov a'nimeted ne'- 
&tir | mxka'nxkalx cobe* hxm ; | and stand re*dx ts ex'i- 
kut hxz komandz' wxbcpf hezxtexcun. | Man alcom xz 
fcpnd rxfrakvturx : | hx xz bx con'lx bx'xrj | endud 7 wxb a 
rx[ 7 urovkontradxk v txrj bxz mandets. | 

Ae Dx'xtx woz plxzd ts esrurt' supx'rxur pcf'ur | xn 
krxe'txrj hxm a supx'rxur bx^xrj ; | a bx'xrj endud' wxb a 
6as ov gud and rvl : | and ke'pabl, xn sum me'jur, | ov 
kco-op'uretxrj wxb hxz con xntenxunz. | Man, berfcor, | 
me bx konsx'durd az a km xted kixcur, [ endud' wxb 
pcrmrzjji'mxtetxv ov bcoz rxzi'dxrj xn be Dx.xtx. | Hx 
xz Qrcon xn'ts a wurld bat standz xn nxd ov hxz help* ; ] 
and hx haz bxn gran' ted a pcp'ur ov prcodu'sxrj har- 
mconx from par'cal konfujun. | 

If, ber'for, wx konsx'dur bx ur& | az alo'ted for cpr 
habxte'cun, | wx cal find bat muc haz bxn gx'vn us ts 
encjo', | and mu6 ts amend* ; | bat wx hav am'pl rx'znz 
for cpr gra'txtud,|and me'nx for cpr xn^dustrx. | In bcoz 
gret cpt'linz ov necur, | ts qx£ art kannot rx6, | and 
qor cpr gre'test e'fcorts must hav bxn xnefek'Cual, | God 
hxmself haz fx'nxct e'vurx Sxrj | wxb ame'zxrj gran'cjur 
and buvtx. | 

<Dr bxne'fxsent Fa'bur | haz konsx'durd bxz parts ov 
ne'6ur az pxkul'yarlx hxz on* ; | az parts qx6 nco krx'- 



262 PRAKTXKSV.L ELfiKUCUN. 

£jur | kud hav skxl or strenft ts amend^ ; | and hx haz, 
ber'for, med bem xnke'pabl ov olture cun, | or ov mor 
purfekt regulaa-xtx. | Ae hevnz and bs furmament | co 
be wxz'dum and be glo'rx ov be WurLman. | As- 
tron'omurz, hs ar best skxld xn be sxm'xtrx ov sxs'- 
temz, | kan find nu'&xn bar bat be kan ol'tur for be 
bevtur. | God med bxz purfekt, | bxkoz' no subordxnat 
bx'xi) | kud korekf bar dxfekts*. | 

Qen, ber'for, | wx surve' ne'cur on bxs sid, | nu'ikrj 
kan bx mor splen'dxd, | mor korekt', | or ame^zxrj. | 
Wx bar bxhold' a Dx'xtx | rxzi'dxr) xn be mxdst ov a 
yu'nxvurs, | xnfx'nxtlx exten'ded e'vurx we, | anxme'txi) 
oh, | and 6xrxn be vaku'xtx wxb hxz pre.zens. | Wx 
bxhold' an xmmens' and cep'les mas ov ma'tur, | formd 
xn'ts wurldz bi hxz pcp'ur, | and dxspursf at xn'tur- 
valz, | ts qx6 x'vn bx xmacjxne^cun kannot tra^vxl. | 

In bxs gret frx'atur ov hxz glco'rx, | a dcp'zand sunz, 
lik cpr on, | a'nxmet bar rxspek'txv sxs v temz, | apxrxq 
and va'nxcxi) at Dxvin' komand v . | Wx bxhold' cpr on 
brit lu'mxnarx, | fxxt xn be sen'tur ov xts sxs'tem, | 
qx'lxi) xts pla'nxts xn timz propor'cund ts bar dxs^- 
tansxz, | and at wuns dxspen'sxr) lit, hxt, and ak,cun. | 
Ax ur$ ol'so xz sxn wxb xts ts'fold mo^cun ; | produ'sxi] 
bi be wun, be cencj ov sx v znz ; | and, bi bx u'bur, | be 
gret'ful vxsx'sxtudz ov de and nit x . | 

Wxb qot si'lent magnx'fxsens xz ol bxs purformd ! I 
wxb qot sx'mxr) xzv ! | Ae wurks ov art ar e^ur'ted wxb 
xnturup N ted fors; | and bar nazx progres dxsku'vurz 
bx obstruk cunz be rxsxvv ; | but bx ur&, wxb a si'lent, 
stedx rote'cun, | sukse'sxvlx prxzents' e'vurx part ov xts 
bs'zum ts be sun x ; | at wuns xmbi'bxrj nu'rxcment and 
lit | from bat pa'rent ov vetjxte'cun and furtXvlxtx. | 



PRaKTUvaL ELfiKUCUN. 263 

But not oon'li prcovi'junz ov hxt and lit ar bus 
suplidv ; | be hool sur'fas ov bx ur& iz ku'vurd wib a 
transparent at meosfxr, | bat turnz wxb xts mcocun, | 
and gardz xt from exturnal xn*(Jurx. | Ae rez ov be sun 
ar bus brco'kn xn'ts a cjx'nial worniv> v ; | and, qil be 
sur fas xz asis'ted, | a cjen'tl hxt xz produst' xn be 
bcp'elz ov bx ur&, | qi£ kontrrbuts ts ku'vur xt wxb 
vuncjur. | 

Wo v turz ol'sco ar suplid' xn helpful abun'dans, | ts 
supcort' lif, and asxst vecjxte'cun. | Mcpn'txnz riz ts 
dxvur'sxfi be prospekt, j and gxv a ku'rent ts be 
strxrn . | Sxz extend' from wun kon'txnent ts bx u bur, | 
rxplen'xct wxb an'xmalz bat me bx turnd ts hu'man 
supcort* ; | and ol'sco sur'vxrj ts en'rx£ bx ur& wxb a 
sufx'censx ov ve.pur. | Brx'zxz fli alorj' be sur'fas ov be 
fxldz, ! ts prcomcot' hel& and vecjxtevcun. | Ae kslnes ov 
bx xvnxrj xnvits' ts rest* : | and be frecnes ov be mornir) 
rxnuz' for tabur. I 

; 

Su6 ar be dxlits' ov be habxte'cun | bat haz bxn 
asind' ts man : | wxbcpt' e'nx wun ov bxz, | hx must 
hav bxn re ( ced ; | and nun ov bxz j kud hiz con xn'dus- 
trx hav suplid. | But qil, on be wun hand, | menx ov 
hxz wonts ar bus kind'lx fur'nxct, | bar ar, on 8x 
u'bur, | num'burles xnkonvxn'yensxz ts eksif hxz xn v - 
dustrx. | Axs habxtccun, | bo prcovi'ded wxb ol be 
konvxivyensxz ov ar, pas'^urecj, and wo'tur, | xz but a 
dez'urt pies, wxbcpt' hu'man kultxvevCun. | Ae lco'est 
a nxmal findz moor konvxn'yensxz xn be wildz ov ne'CL T r,| 
ban hx lis basts himself' bor lord . | 

Ae qurl'wind, bx inunde'cun, and ol bx aspe'ritiz ov 
bx ar, | ar pxkul'yarli te'rxbl ts maiv ; | hs ncoz bor 
kon'sxkwensiz, | and, at a dis'tans, dredz bar aprco£ .j 



264 PR&KTXKSYL LLfiKIJCUN. 

Ax ur$ xtself , | qor hu'man art haz not purve'dsd, j 
puts on a frit'ful, gls v mx apxvrans. | As fo'rests ar dark 
and tan;gld; | be me'dcoz ar covurgrcon' wxb rarjk 
wxdz N ; | and be bruks stre wxbcpt' a dxturmxnd 6a N nel.| 
Ne'6ur, bat haz bin kind ts e'vurx lco'ur ordur ov 
bx'xrjz, | sxmz ts hav bxn neglekt'ful wxb rxgard' ts 
hxm* : | ts be sa'vxcj, unkontri'vxrj man, | bx ur$ xz an 
abcod' ov descolecun, | qor hxz cel'tur xz xnsufx'cent, | 
and hxz fsd prxke v rxus. | 

A wurld, bus fur'nxct wxb advan'tacjxz on wun sid,| 
and xnkonvxnyensxz on bx ubur, | xz be pro'pur abcod' 
ov rxzn, | and be fx'test ts ex'ursiz bx xn'dustrx | ov a 
frx, and a \)xrjk'xrj krx6ur. | Axz x'vlz, qx£ art kan 
re'mxdx, | and prxcxsns gard agenst', | ar a pro'pur 
kol for bx es-ur'cun ov hxz fa^kultxz ; | and be tend stxl 
moor | ts asx'mxlet hxm ts hxz Krxe.tur. | God bxho^ldz', 
wxb plejur, J bat bxxrj qx6 hx haz med, | konvur'txrj 
be re'6ednes ov hxz natural sx£ue'cun | xn'ts a dx'atur 
ov trrumf ; | brxrj'xrj ol be hed'lorj tribz ov ne'6ur | xn'ts 
subcjek'cun ts hxz wxl ; | and prcodu'sxrj bat or'dur 
and yunxfor'mxtx upon 7 urd, | ov qx£ hxz con hevnlx 
fa'brxk xz sco brit an eg-auhpl. | 



KARAKTUR OV PIT. 

(roburtsn.) 

Al sek'rxtarx stud alcon* : | mo'durn dxcje'nurasx had 
not rx£t* hxnL. | Qrx'cjxnal and unako'mcodetxrj, | be 
fx'£urz ov hxz ka'raktur had be har'dxhud ov antx x kwx- 
tx. I Hxz ogust' mind covur-od' ma x c]estx ; | and wun ov 



PRO.KTXIV&L LLQKIJCUN. 2G5 

hiz su'viirxnz | Bot m'altx so xmpord' in hxz prs'zsns,] 
bat hx konspird' ts rxmsv' hxm, | xn or'dur ts bx rxlxvd' 
from hxz sijpxrxoTxtx. | No stet cxkenurx, | no na'ro 
sxs'tsm ov vi'cus po^lxtxks, | no i'dl kon'tsst for mxnxs- 
tx'rxal vxk*torxz, | surjk hxm ts be vul'gur Is'vxl ov be 
gret» ; | but ovur-bor'xrj, purswcsxv, and xmprak'txka- 
bl, ] hxz ob'cjekt woz In gland, | hxz ambx'cun woz 
fenr. | 

Wxbq)f dxvi'dxn, hx dxstrad* pantx ; | wxbcpt' ko- 
rup'txrj, hx med a vx'nal ecj yunamxmus. | Frans sunk 
bxnxb v hxin . | Wxb wun hand hx smot bs heps ov Bsr'- 
bun, | and wxl'dsd xn bx u'bur bs dxmo'krasx ov Ire- 
land. | As sit ov hxz mind woz xn^fxnxt ; | and hxz 
skxmz wsr ts sfskt', | not Irjg'land, | not bs prs'zsnt ecj 
on'lx, | but Yurop and postej-xtx. | Wun'durful wsr 
bs mxnz bi qx£ bxz skxmz wsr akonrplxct — | ol'wez 
sxznabl, | ol'wez ad v xkwet, | bs sugcjss'cunz ov an un- 
durstandang | an'xmetsd bi ar'dur, | and snli'tnd bi 
provfxsx. | 

Ax ordxna'rx fx'lxnz qx6 mek lif e'mxabl and xn'do- 
lsnt, | wsr unnom ts hxm. | No domss'txk dxTxkultxz,| 
no domss'txk wxk nss rx£t x hxuiv ; | but, alsf' from bs 
sor'dxd oku'rsnsxz ov lif, | and unsu'lxd bi xts xn'tur- 
kors, | hx kem oke'junalx xn'ts <pr sxs'tsm, | ts kqm'ssl 
and ts dxsid^. | 

A ka'raktur so sirol'tsd, | so strs'nuus, | so ve'rxus, | 
so oQo'rxtetxv, | asto'nxct a korupt' ec| — | and bs 
trs'jurx trsm'bld at bs nem ov Pxt | &rs ol hur kla'sxz 
ov vxnavlxtx. | Korupcun xma'cjxnd, xndxd', | bat ex 
had fcpnd dxfskts' xn bxs stetsunan, | and tokt mu£ ov 
bx xnkonsxs'tsnsx ov hxz glo'rx, | and muc ov bs ru'in 
ov hxz vxk^torxz ; | but bs hxs'tori ov hxz kun'trx, | and 
23 



2C6 P R a. K T X K & L ELQKUCUN. 

bs kala'mxtxz ov bx e'nxmx, | an'surd and rxfirted 
hur . | 

Nor wer hxz poh'tikal abx'lxtxz hxz an lx taJents : | 
hxz e'lokwens woz an xra xn be se v nat, | pxkul'yar and 
sponte v nxus, | famxl'yarlx expre'sxrj cjigan'txk seri'tx- 
ments, | and xnstxnk'txv wxzxlum ; | not lik be to'rent 
ov Dxmos'Sxnxz, | or be splen'dxd konflagre'cun ov 
Tulx ; j xt rxzembld sum'timz be dun clur, | and sum'- 
timz be mu'zxk ov be sfxrz*. | Lik Mu'rx, | hx dxd not 
kondukf bx undurstan'dxn | $rs be pen'ful su'tltx ov 
argumentdcun ; | nor woz hx, lik Tcpn'zend, | for e'vur 
on be rak ov e^ur cun ; | but ra'bur lit'nd upon' 8s 
sub'cjekt, | and rx6t be pant bi be fla'cxnz ov be mind v ,| 
qx£, lik baz ov hxz i, | wer felt, but kud not bx 
fo.lod. I 

Upon' be hcol, | bar woz xn bxs man | sum'&xn bat 
wud krxet', [ subvurt', | or rxfornr ; | an undurstand'- 
xi), | a spx'rxt, | and an e'lcokwens, | ts su'mun man- 
kind' ts scosi'xtx, | or ts brek be bondz ov sle'vurx 
asuirdur, — | sum'&xn ts rul be wxl'durnes ov frx mindz| 
wxb unbcpn'ded odorxtx ; | sum'&xi) bat kud.esta'blxc,| 
or ovurqelnr enivpir, | and strik a bio xn be wurld,| 
bat cud rxzcpnd' drs be yxJxnxvurs. | 



KLA'RENS' DRXM. 

(CEKSPXR.) 

Sxn — M R&m in be Tcpr ov hundun. 
[hn'tur Kxa/RRNS and Br&'kenberx.] 
Brali. Qi luks yur gres so hevxlx ts-de v ?| 
Klar, Q I hav past a mxzurabl nit v , | 



PRAKTXKSV.L ELfiKUCUN. 267 

Sgd ful ov fxrful drxmz, | ov ug'lx sits, | 
Aat, az I am a Krxs'6an, feS'ful man, | 
I wud not spend anu'bur su6 a nit, | 
Ao 't wer ts bi a wurld ov ha'px dez* : | 
So3 ful ov dxz'mal te v rur woz be tirn. | 
Brak. Qot woz v yur drxm, mi lord' ? | I pre yu teb 
mx . | 

Klar. Mx$of bat I had bro'kn from bs tqpmr, | 
And had embarkt' ts kros ts Burgundx ; | 
And, xn mi kum'panx, mi bru'bur Glostur, | 
Hs from mi ka'bxn | tem'ted mx ts wok 
Upon' be havfoz ; | bens wx lukt tco'ard Ireland, | 
And si'ted up a Scp'zand he'vx timz, | 
Dwrxr] be worz ov York and Larj'kastur, | 
Aat had bxfobn us*. | Az wx pest alorj' 
Upon' be gx'dx fu'txrj ov be ha'6xz, | 
Mx^ot' bat Glos'tur stunrbld, | and, xn fo'lxrj, 
Struk mx, | bat \k>t ts ste hxm, | o Vur-bcord | 
In'ts be tum'blxrj bx'lwz ov be men . | 
Q mx$of qot pen xt woz ts drcpn* ! | 
Qot dred'ful noz ov wo'tur xn min xrz' ! | 
Qot sits ov ug'k de& wxbxn' min iz v ! | 
MxSot' I so a ftcp'zand fxr'ful reks v , | 
A ikp'zand men* bat fx'cxz nod x upon^ | 
We'c|xz ov gold', | gret an/kurz, | hxps ov purl*, | 
Ines'txmabl stconz*, | unval'yud cju^elz, | 
01 ska'turd xn be bo'tum ov be sx . | 
Sum le xn ded men'z skulz v ; | and, xn boz hcolz 
Qor iz dxd wuns xnha'bxt, | bar wer krept 
(Az 't wer xn skorn ov iz) | rxflek'txrj ^mz 1 , | 
Aat wsd be sli'mx bo'tum ov be dxp, | 
And mokt be ded bonz bat le ska'turd bi . | 



268 PRO.KTXK&L LLRKMCUN. 

Brak. Had yu su6 lx'jur, in bx tim ov deS, | 
Ts gez upon' bxz sx'krxts ov be dxp' 1 \ 

Klar. MxQof I had^ ; | and ofn dxd I striv 
Ts yxld be gost ; | but stxl bx en'vxus flud 
Kept in mi sol, | and wud not let xt for*) | 
Ts sxk bx em'tx vast, and won'durxrj an, | 
But smu'burd xt wxbxn' mi pan'txrj bulk, | 
Qx6 ol'most bursts ts bel£ xt xn be sx v . | 

Br ah. Awekt' yu not wxb bxs sor a'gonx ? | 

Klar. Q no^ | mi drxm woz len&'nd af'tur lif ; | 
Q ben bxgan' be tem'pest ts mi sob : | 
I past, mx&ot', be me'lankolx flud | 
Wxb bat grxm fe'rxman qx6 po'ets rit ov, | 
Un'ts be kxn'dum ov purpe'6ual nit v . | 
Ae furst bat bar dxd grxt mi stren'cjur sc}l, | 
Woz mi gret fa'bur-xn-lo, | rxncpn'ed WoTxk, | 
Hs krid alcpd', — | " Qot skurc] for pur cjurx | 
Kan bxs dark mo'narkx | aford' fbls Kla'rens ?" | 
And so * hx vamct. | Aen kem won'durxrj bi | 
A ca'do lik an en^el, | wxb brit hor 
Da'bld xn bludv ; | and hx crxkt cpt alcpd', — | 
" Kla rens xz kuuiv, — | folss nVtxrj, pur v c)urd KlaTens, 
Aat stabd mx xn be fxld bi Tuks v burx ; — | 
Sxz on hxm, fu rxz, | tek hxm ts yur torments !" | 
Wxb bat, mx$of a lx'cjun ov fcpl fxndz x 
Envrrund mx, | and hcp'led xn min xrz 
$u£ hx'dxus kriz, | bat, wxb be ve'rx naz\ | 
I trem'blxr) wekt% | and for a sx'zn af tur, | 
Kud not bxlxv but bat I woz xn heL, — | 
Su£ te N rxbl xmpre'cun med mi drxm. | 

Br ah. No marvel, lord, bat xt afri'ted yu — | 
I am afred', mxdxrjks', ts hxr yu tel v xt. 



PRaKTIKaL LLQK1UCUN. 269 

Klar.''Q Bra'ksnbsrx, I hav dun bxz $xrjz | 
Aat ncp gxv 8'vxdens agsnsr mi scol', | 
For Ld ward'z sek ; | and, sx hep hx rxkwits* mxj — | 
I pre bx, cjsivtl kx'pur, | ste bi x mx — | 
Mi seal xz he*vx, | and I fen wud slxp v . | 

[Klarens rxpozxz fumself on a £ot 

Br ok. I wxl v , mi lord . | 
Sotg) breks sx'znz, and rxpoyzxrj tprzx, | 
Meks be nit mornxrj, | and bz nsn'-tid nk . | 
Prxn'sxz hav but bar ti'tlz for bar glcjTxz — | 
An qpt'ward o'nur for an xn'ward tak ; | 
And, for un'felt xmacjxne'cunz, | 
Ae ofn fxl a wurld ov rest'les korz* : | 
Sco bat, bxtwxn' bar ti'tlz, | and Icj nem, | 
Aar'z nu'Sxrj dx'furz | but bx cpt'ward fem v . | 



TK AX URSA MEJDUR. 

(il. WOR, DUN.) 

Wxa qot a stet'lx and macjss'txk step | 
Aat glorrxus konstsle'cun ov bs norft | 
Tredz xts xturnal sunkl ! | gco'xrj fcorfr 
Its prxns'lx we amurjst' be starz | xn slcj 
And si'lent britnes. | Mi'tx wun, ol-heF! | 
I ejex ts sx bx, on bi glco'xrj pa&, | 
Wok lik sum stcpt and gurdsd cjrant — | sturn, 
Unwx'rxd, rrzcolut, | hsz talxrj fut 
Dxzdenz' ts lcxtur on xts des'txnd we x . j 
23* 



270 PRaKTIKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

Ax u'bur tribz forseb bor mxd'nit trak, | 

And rest bor wxtx orbz bxnxb' be wev^ ; | 

But bcp dust ns'vur kloz bi burnxi) i, | 

Nor ste bi sted'fast step v . | But on*, | stxl on , | 

Qil sxs'temz cencj, | and sunz rxtir, | and wurldz 

Slum'bur and web, | bi sxs'les marc prosxdz x . | 

Ae nxr hori'zun temts ts rest xn ven . | 

Aqp, fe&'ful sen'txnel, | dust ne'vur kwxt 

Ai lon'-apanted woe ; | but, slxp'les stxl, | 

Dust gard be fxxt lit ov be yunxvurs, | 

And bxd be nord fcre'vur no xts ples v . | 

E'<i|xz hav wxt'nest bi dxvo'ted trust, | 

Un6encjd' uncen x o|xr}. | Qen be sunz ov God | 

Sent for& bat ccpt ov cJct, | qxc ran Brs hevn, | 

And e'kod from bx qvtur sfxrz | bat bcpnd 

Ax xlx'mxtabl yu'nxvurs, | bi vqs 

JDcmd be hi kco v rus ; | from bi re'dxant orbz | 

Ae glad kri sqm'ded, | swe'lxrj ts hxz prez, | 

Hs bus had kast anu'bur spark'lxrj cjem, | 

Lx'tl, but butxful, | amxd' be krqpd 

Ov splen'durz | bat enrxc' hxz furmament. | 

Az bcp art nq), | so wost b(p ben% be sern . | 

E'cjxz hav raid bor kors ; | and tim gron gre x ; | 
Ae sxz hav £encjd bor bedz* ; | bx xturnal hxlz 
Hav stspt wxb ecjv ; | be so'lxd kon'txnents 
Hav left bor banks* ; | and man'z xmpx'rxal wurks 
Ae tcxl a prid, strer)^ ov kxr/dumz, | qxc had flurj 
Aor ho'tx o'nurz xn be fes ov hevn, | 
Az xf xmor'tal — | hav bxn swept awe 1 — | 
Cat'urd and mcohd'rxrj, | be'rxd and forgot x . | 



rita.KTXKa.L llqkijcun. 271 

But tim haz ced no dxm'nes on bi frunt, | 
Nor tu£t be furm'nes ov bi tred, : | yufr, strenft 
And bu tx stxl ar bin — | az klxr, az brit% | 
Az qen bx Olmi'tx Formur sent bx for&, | 
Bu'txful ofsprxrj ov hxz ku'rxus skxl, | 
Ts woe urB's nor'burn bxkn, | and proklem' 
Ax xturnal ko'rus ov Xturnal Luv v . | 

I wun'dur az I gez v . | Aat strxm ov lit, | 
Undxmd', unkwencY, — | (just az I sx bx n(p% — j 
Haz x'cud from boz da'zlxrj pants, | Srs yxrz 
Aat go bak far xn'ts xtumxtx. | 
E^host'les flud ! | for e'vur spent, | rxnud* 
For Cvvur ! | Ye, and boz rxful'cjent drops, | 
Qx£ ncp dxsend' upon' mi lxf'ted i, | 
Left bor far fcpn'txn twis drx yxrz ago,. | 
Qil boz wxrj'd par'txklz, | hsz spxd eptstrxps' 
Ae flit ov dot, | wer on bor we, | bx ur& 
Kum'past xts tx'dxus sur'kxt rcpnd and rcpnd*, | 
And xn bx extrxmz' ov amual cencj, | bxheld' 
Sxx o'tumz fed v , | sxx sprxqz rxnu' bor blsniv : | 
So far from ur& boz mi'tx orbz rxvolv* ! | 
So vast be vad Srs qxc bor bxmz dxsendj | 

Ye, glo'rxus lamps ov God, | hx me hav kwen£t x 
Yur en'cent flemz, | and bxd xturnal nit x 
Rest on yur sfxrz v ; | and yet no ti'dxrjz rxc 
Axs dxs'tant pla^nxt. | Me'sencjurz stxl kum, | 
Le'dn wxb yur far fir, | and \vx me sxm 
Ts sx yur lits stxl burmxrj ; | qil bor blez | 
But hidz be blak rek ov extxn'gwxct relmz v , | 
Qor a'narkx and darknes loi) hav rend v . | 



272 PRO.KTXKAL ELfiKIJCUN. 

Yet qot xz bxs | qxc ts bx asto'nxct mind 
Sxmz msjurlss, | and qx£ be ba'fld Sot 
Konfcpndzv ? | A spans | a point', | xn boz domenz' 
Qxc bs kxn i kan tra,vurs. | Ss'vn starz 
Dwel xn bat brxl'yant klus'tur ; | and bs sit 
Lmbre'sxz ol at wuns* : | yst xc from xc \ 
Rxsxdz' az far az x6 ov bsm from urS v — | 
And s'v'rx star from s'vurx u^bur burnz 
No lss rxrnot . | 

From bs profcpnd' ov hsvn, J 
Untra'vsld x'n xn %oV, | kxn pxr'sxrj rez 
Dart Brs be vcxd, | rxvx'lxr) ts bs ssns | 
Sxs'tsmz and wurldz unum.burd. | Tek bs glas, 
And sur£ bs skiz v . | Ax o'pnxrj skiz por dcpn 
Upon' yur gez, | Sxk ccp'urz ov sparkdxn fir* — | 
Starz, krcp^dsd, | Srorjd', | xn rx'fjunz so rxmot', | 
Aat bar swxft bxmz — | hs swxftsst Sxrjz bat br — 
Hav travsld ssn curxz on bor flit ts urd . | 
UrS, sun, and nx'rur konstsle^cunz, | qot 
Ar yx v , | amxd' bxs xn'fxnxt sxtsnt', | 
And mul'txtud ov God'z most xn'fxnxt wurksj | 

And bxz ar sunz* ! — | vast, ssn'tral, lx'vxrj firz*, — | 

Lordz ov dxpsn'dsnt sxs^tsmz, — | kxrjz ov wurldz' | 

Aat wet az sa'tslits upon bor pcp'ur, | 

And flu'rxc xn bor smH . | Awek' mi sol, | 

And ms'dxtet bs wun*dur ! | Kcpnt'lss sunz 

Blez rcpnd x bx, | lx'dxn forS bor kcpnt'lss wurldz* ! | 

Wurldz xn hsz bs'zumz lx'vxrj Sxnz rxcjas', | 

And drxrjk bs blxs ov bx'xn | from bs fcpnt 

Ov ol'-purve'dxr) Luv v . — | 



PRa.KTXKSLL ELfiKIJCUN. 273 

f 

Qot mind kan no 1 , | 
Qot tun kan u tur, ol bor muUxtudz ! | 
Aus num'burles xn num'burles abodz^ ! | 
Nam but ts bx, blest Fa^bur ! | Aim be ar, ( 
Ai 6xl'dren, and bi kai\ ; | and nun o'urlukt* 
Ov bxv ! — | no x , not be hum'blest sol | bat dwelz 
Upon' be hum'blest glob | qx6 qxlz xts kors 
Amid' be cji'ant glo'rxz ov be ski, | 
Lik be mxn mot bat dan'sxz xn be bxm | 
Amunst' be mi'rurd lamps | qi6 flirj 
Aor west'ful splen'dur from be pa^las woK | 
Nun, nun eskep' be kind'nes ov bi kon ; | 
Ql kum'pust undurnxb' bi spe'cus wxn v , — | 
16 fed and gi'ded bi bi pcp'urful hand^. | 

Tel mx, yx splen'dxd orbz, — | az from yur &ron | 

Yx mark be ro'lirj pro'vxnsxz bat con 

Yur swe, — ( qot bx'xnz fxl boz brit abodz^ ? | 

Hep formd^ — | hep gifted — | qot borpcp'urz, — | 8or 

stet< — | 
Aor ha pines — | bar wiz>dum ? | Ds be bor 
Ae stamp ov hirman ne'6ur ? | Or haz God 
Pxpld boz pu'rur relmz | wxb luvlxur formz, | 
And mor sxles'cal mindzx? | Duz X'nosens 
Stxl war hur ne'txv and unten'ted blsm"? | 
Or haz Sxn brxbd hxz ded'lx blit abrod', | 
And sod korup^cun xn boz fo'rx bcp'urz ? | 

Haz Wor trod o'ur bem wxb hxz fut ov fir' ; | 
And sle'vurx forcjd hxz cenz' ; | and Ra&, and Het, | 
And sor'dxd Sel'fxcnes, | and kru'el Lust, | 
Lxgd bor bes bandz | ts tred cpt lit and truft, | 



274 PRAKTXKft.L ELfiKIJCUN. 

And ska'turd wo qar Hevn had plan'ted <Jq'? | 
Or ar be yet ol Pa radis, | unfol'n, 
And unkorupt v ? | e^AS'tens wun Ion cJq\ | 
Wxbcpt' dxzxz' upon be frem, | or sxn 
Upon be hart v , | or wx'rinss ov lift — | 
Hop ne'vur kwen£t v , | and ec) unon\ | 
And de$ unfxrd* ; | qil free and fed'les yu& | 
Gloz in be lit from God'z nxr Sron ov luvj | 

Qpn yur lips', yx wun'durful and far ! | 

Spxk v . | spxk v ! | be mxs'turxz ov boz k'virj wurldz 

Unfold* ! | No lan'gwxcj ? | Lvurlas'txn lit, 

And evurlas'tii] si'lens ? | Yet bx i 

Me rxd and undurstand. | Ae hand ov God | 

Haz nt'n le'cjxbk qot man me no, | 

Ae glo'rx ov be Me x kur. | Aar it cinz, 

IneTabl, | uncemc|abl ; | and man, | 

Bcpnd ts be surfas ov bxs pxg'mx glob, | 

Me no, and ask no mor . | 

In u'bur dez, | 
Qen de& cal gxv bx enkum'burd spx'rxt wxrjz, | 
Its renc] cal bx extended; | xt cal rom, 
Pur£ans', | amunst* boz vast, mxstx'rxus sfxrz v , — | 
Cal pas from orb ts orb% | and dwel xn x6, | 
Famxl'yar wxb xts 6ikdren, — | lurn bar loz', | 
And cor bar stet% | and stu'dx and ador' | 
Ax xn'fxnxt vari'itxz ov blxs, 
And bu'tx, | bi be hand ov Pcp'ur Dxvhr, | 
La'vxct on ol xts wurks r | 

Xtur'nxtx 
Cal bus rol on | wxb e'vur free dxlit x ; | 



PRaKTIKlL ELfiKIJCUN. 275 

No poz ov pls'jur, or xmprsvjnsnt ; | wurld 

On wurld | stxl op'nxn ts bx xnstruk'tsd mind | 

An unss-hos'tsd yunxvurs, | and tim 

But a'dxrj ts xts glcrrxz ; | qil bs sol, | 

Advan'sxrj s'vur ts bs Scars ov lit ( 

And ol purfsk'cun, | lxvz', adcorz', and renz x , | 

In klcpd'les nol'scj, pu'rxtx, and blxs^. | 



PURPL'OTAL ADQRECUN. 

(mqr.) 

Ae turf cal bx mi fre'grant crinv ; | 
Mi tsnvpl, Lord, bat ar(V ov bin v ; | 
Mi ssn'sur'z brs&, bs mcpn'txn orz x , | 
And si'lsnt Sots mi onlx prarz v . | 

Mi kwir cal bx be msn'lit wevzs | 
Qsn mur'murxrj hom'ward ts bar kevz v ; 
Or qsn be stxl'nss ov bs sx, | 
X'n mcor ban mu'zxk brxbz ov bx. | 

I '1 sxk, bi de, sum gled uncon% | 
01 lit and si'lsns, lik bi $rcon, ; | 
And bs pel starz cal bx, at nit, | 
Ax ondx iz bat wo6 mi rit x . | 

Ai hs'vn, on qx6 't xz blxs ts luk, | 
Cal bx mi pur and ci'nxn buL, | 
Qor I cal rxd, xn wurdz ov flem', | 
Ae glco'rxz ov bi wun'drus nem v . | 



276 PRaKTiKaL elqkucun. 

I '1 rxd bi arj'gur xn be rak | 
Aat klcpdz aqil' be de^-bxm'z trak* ; | 
Ai mursx, xn bx e'jur hu | 
Ov su'nx brit nes, bre'kxrj Qrs^. | 

Aor'z nu'Qxrj brit, abuv, bxlcov, | 
From flcp'urz bat blsm, ts starz bat glco x , 
But xn xts lit mi sol kan sx | 
Sum fx'6ur ov bi DxxXtx ! | 

Aor'z nu'Sxrj dark, bxlco', abuv N , j 
But xn xts glsm I tres bi luv, ; | 
And mxk'lx wet bat mco'mmt, qsn | 
Ai tu£ cal turn o\ bnV agsn*. | 



SXN FROM PXZiVRQ. 
(kotsxbu.) 

Pxza/Rfi and D&vx'l& in konvurs&cun. 
[En'tur Gstmrz.] 
Pxz. H* nqp, Go'msz ! | qot brxrpsst bcpv ? | 
Gom. On yoivdur hxl, amurj' bs pam'-trxz, | wx hav 
surprizd' an cold kasxk v : | sskep ; bi flit hx kud v not,|and 
wx sxzd hxm and hxz atemdant unrxzxsvtxrj ; | yet hxz 
lxps brxbd not but bx'turnes and skorn . | 
Pxz. Drag hxm bx v fcor us v . | 

\Go'mez Ixvz bs tent, and rxturnz', liondiih'txrj 
ORQZEM'Bfi and aten'dants, in Senz, gar"ded.~] 
Qot art v bcp, stren^ur ? | 



PRAKTXK&L ELQKUCUN. 277 

Oro. Furst tsl mx qx6 amui)' yu | xz be kap tin ov 
bxs band ov ro x burz. | 

Piz. H*r ! [ 

Day. Mad man ! | tor cpt hxz tuns or sis | 

Oro. Acp 'It hxr sum tru£h. | 

Day. \Co'i7) hiz powyard.] Cal I not plun^ bxs 
xn'ts hxz hart' ? | 

Oro. [Ts Piza'ro.~\ Duz yur ar'mx bcost ni£'nx sue" 
hxrcoz az bxs' ? | 

Piz. Ode^cus ! | Axs xn'solsns haz sxld bi dsniv : | di 
by calt\ gre'-hedsd r'uf yan. | But furst konfss' qot bqp 
norsst. | 

Oro. I nco bat qx6 bcp hast (Just acurd^ mx ov* — | 
bat I cal dL | 

Piz, Les oda'sxtx, purhaps', | mit hav prxzurvd* bi 
lif. | 

Oro. Mi lif xz az a wx'burd trr : I x.t xz not wur$ v 
prxzurvxn. | 

Piz. Hxr mx, old man'. | Xvn ncp v , wx mar6 agenst' 
be Pxru'vxan armx. | Wx no bor xz a sx'krct pa& | bat 
lxdz ts yur strorj'-hold amurj' bs roks, : ] gid us ts 
bat% | and nem bi rxwcnxL | Xf wslft bx bi wxc | 

Oro. Ha ! ha ! ha ! | 

Piz. Dust bcp dxspiz' mi o'fur ? | 

Oro. Ax and* bi o*fur. | Welft* ! | I hav bs wsl& ov 
ts dxr ga'lant sunz* ; | I hav stord xn hsv n be ri'6xz 
qx6 rxpe' gud ak'cunz hxr' ; | and stxl mi fo'fest tre'jur 
ds I bor abqpt x mx v . | 

Piz. Qot xz bat ? | Inform* mx. | 

Oro. I wxh ; | for xt ns'vur kan bx bin* — | bs tre'- 
jL T r ov a pur, unsu'lxd kon^csns. | 
24 



278 PRa.KTXKSLL ELQKUCUN. 

Piz. I bxlxv bor xz nco u r bur Pxru'vxan hs dorz 
spxk az bcp x dust. | 

43rc;. Wud I kud bxlxv bor xz no u'bur Spaniard 
hs dorz akt az bcp« dust. | 

Gcjm. Ofrduret Pe^gan ! | Hep nu'murus xz ynr 
arjnx? | 

Qro. Kcpnt bs lxvz ov yon'dur foTsst. | 

D&v. Qxc xz be wx-ksst part ov yur kampx ? | 

Qro. It haz x nco wxk part; | on s'vurx sid 't xz for- 
txfid' bi cjus.txs. | 

Pjcz. Qor hav yu konsxld' yur wivz and cxk- 
dren? | 

Qro. In be harts ov bor huz x bandz and bor fa»- 
5urz. | 

Piz. Nco'sst bep Alon'zco ? | 

Qro. No' hxm ? | Alon'zco ? | Nco' hxm ? | Or nc- 
cun'z bsnxfak v tur ! | As gar'dxan en'cjsl ov PxrUv ! | 

Piz. Bi qot haz hx msTxtsd bat tivtl ? | 

Qro. Bi not rxzsm'blxrj bxv. | 

Dav. Hs xz bxs Ro x la, cjand wxb Alon'zco xn 
komand*? | 

Qro. I wxl an^sur bat' ; | for I luv ts hxr, and ts 
rxpxt' be hx'rco'z nern . | Ro'la, bs kxnz'man ov bs kxrj,| 
xz bx i'dol ov qpr armx ; | xn wor, a tigur, | 6eft bi be 
hun'tur'z spxn ; | xn pxs, | mcor cjsn-tl ban bx unwx'nsd 
lanh. | Kco'ra woz wuns bxtroSt v ts hxm; | but fin'dxn 
bat ex prxfurd' Alon'zco, | hx rxzind' hxz klem*, | and, I 
fxr, hxz pxs x , | ts frsnd'cxp, and ts Kco'ra'z ha^pxnss ; | 
yst stxl hx luvz hur wxb a pur and hco'lx fir*. | 

Pjcz. Rcoman^txk savvxc] ! | I cal mxt bxs Ro'la ssn'. | 

Qro. Acp hadst bs'tur not. — | As ts'rurz ov hxz 
nco'bl i wud strik bx dsdv. i 



PRft.KTXKSVL ELQKIJCUN. 279 

Dav. Si lens ! or trenrbl ! | 

Qro. Bxrd^es ro'bur ! | I ne'vur yet hav trem'bld 
bxfor man' : | qi cud I trem'bl bxfor bx', | bcp les v ban 
man! | 

Dav. Anu'bur wurd, ode'cus hrbn, and I striL. | 

Ore?. StrhY, Krxs^can! | Aen bost amun' bi fe'loz — | 
I ts hav mur'durd a Pxruwxan ! | 

Dav. Ven cjans sxz bx ! | \_Stabz him. 

Piz. Hold^ ! | 

Dav. Kudst bcp loiygur hav endurd' hxz xn'sults ? | 

Pjcz. And berfor cud hx di untor'6urd ? | 

Qro. Tru* ! | Obzurv, yun man, | yur un&xn'kxrj 
racnes | haz sevd mx from bs rak x ; | and yu yurself 
hav lost bx oportumxtx ov a yus'ful tasn : | yu mit hav 
sxn wxb qot kru'eltx | ven'ejans wud hav xnflxk'ted 
torments — | and wxb qot pe'eens | vur'6u wud hav 
borm bem x . | [Qrazlm'sq xz ham of, dLirj. 

Pjcz. Awe^ ! — | Davx'la, xf bus rac a se'kund 
tim | 

Dav. Forgxv x be hes'tx xndxgnccun qxd | 

Piz. No mor. | Unbind* bat trem'blxn refr : | let. 
hxm dxpart* ; | 't xz wel hx cud rxporf be mur'sx | qx6 
wx cod ts xn'solent dxflans. | Hark v ! | Or gard and 
gidz^aproc\. | 

Fo v lo mx, frendz* ! j X6 cal hav hxz post asindv ; | 
and or Pxru'vxa'z god cal sxrjk bxnxb' be men, | be 
Spa nxc ba'nurz, bebd xn blud, | cal flot abuv be wolz 
ov vaij'kwxct Kxto. | 



280 PRAKTXKAL LLfiKIJCUW. 

MA'RINUR'Z HIM. 
(mrs. s#®*.) 

Lanc bi bark', Ma'rxnur ! | 

Krxs'£an, God spxd x bx! j 
Let Iss bs rudur-bandz — J 

Gud en'cjelz lxdv bx! | 
Set bi selz we rxlx, | 

Tenrpests wxl kum> ; j 
Stxr bi kors ste^dxlx, | 

Krxs'can, stxr homv ! | 

Luk ts bs we'bur-bcp, | 

Bre x kurz ar rqmd bxv ; | 
Let fol be plirmxt ncp., | 

Ca^loz me grqpnd bx. | 
Rxf xn be for sel, ban ! | 

Hcold be helnr fast I | 
So. — | let be ve'sel war — j 

Aor swept be blasts | 

Qot ov be nit^ wofrman? | 

Qot ov be nit x ? | 
Klcp^dx — ( q1 kwi v et — | 

No land yet' — \ ol'z rit,. j 
Bx webful, | bx vx'^xlant — | 

Den'ojur me bx | 
At an cpr qen ol sx'me& | 

Sxkirrest ts bis. | 

Hqpv ! | genz be Ixk so fast' ? j 
Klxn cpt be hold. — | 

Hast up bi mur 6andiz, j 
Hxv opt bi gold*; — I 



PRaKTIKiL ELfiKIJCUN. 281 

Aor — | 1st bx in'gots gccK — | 

Ncp be cxp ritSx*, | 
Huro x ! | be har'bur 'z nxr — | 

Leo, be red lits x ! | 

Slakn not sel yet | 

At xn'let or Hand ; | 
Stret for be bx'kn stxr, | 

Stret for be hrland ; | 
Krcpd ol bi kan v vas on, | 

Kut Srs be fconr — | 
Krxs'6an ! kast an/kur ncp — | 

Hevn xz bi hcom ! I 



L'LLDI RXTN IN A KUN'TRI 'CURTT-YARD. 

(gre.) 

Ae kur'fu tcolz x — | be nel ov partxn de! | 
Ae lco'xrj hurd windz slco'lx co'ur be lr ; | 

Ae plcp'man hcom'ward plodz hxz wxtx we, | 
And lxvz be wurld ts dark'nes, and ts mx v . | 

Ncp fedz be glx'murxn land'skep on be sit, | 
And ol bx or a so'lem stxl'nes hcoldz, | 

Sev qor be bx'tl qxlz hxz drco'nxn flit, | 

And drcp'zx txrjk'lxrjz lul be dxs'tant fcoldz> : | 

Sev, bat from yon'dur i'vx-mantld tccoir, | 
Ae mo'pxrj cpl duz ts be msn komplen' | 

Ov su6 az, won'durxrj nxr hur sx'krxt bcp'ur, | 
Mcolsst' .hur en'cent, so'lxtarx ren . | 

24* 



282 PRa.KTXKO.Ii LLRKIJCUN. 

Bxnxb' boz ru'gsd slmz' ; | bat yu-trx'z ced', | 
Qor hxvz be turf xn ms'nx a mol'durxrj hxp, | 

Xc in hxz na'ro ssl for s'vur led, | 

As rud for'faburz ov bs hanrlst slxp v . | 

As brx'zx kol ov xn'ssns-brxbxrj morm, | 

As swo x lo, twx'turxrj from bs stro'-bxlt csdv, 

As kok's crxl Ida rxun, or bx s'koxrj horn 1 , | 
No mor cal rq)z bsm from bor lo'lx bsd . | 

For bsm no mor bs ble'zxrj harS v cal burn, | 
Or bx'zx hcpz^wif pli hur xv'nxrj korv*,| 

Nor cxl'dren run ts Ixsp bor sir'z rxturm, | 
Or klim hxz nxz', bx sn'vxd kxs* ts con. | 

Oft dxd bs harvsst ts bor srkl yxld\ ; | 

Aor fu'ro oft bs stu'burn glxfr haz brokv ; | 

Hep c|o N kund dxd be driv bor txm afxld v ! | 
Hep bepd bs wudz v bxnxb' bor stur'di strok 

Lst not ambx cun mok x bor yus*ful tcxL, | 
Aor hom'lx c)az, and dss'txnx obskur; | 

Nor gran'<i]ur hxr, wxb a dxzden'ful smil, | 
As cort and sxm'pl a'nalz ov bs psr . | 

As bost ov hsTaldrx, | bs pomp ov pcpnir, | 
And ol bat birtx, | ol bat wsl$ x s'ur gevs | 

Awet', alik', bx xns^vxtabl cpr» — | 

As pabz ov glco'rx lxd^but ts bs grev v . | 

Nor yu, yx prepd, xmput' ts bxz be folt, | 
If ms'mori o'ur bor tsrn no tro'fxz rez, | 

Qor, Srs bs lorj'-dron il, and frs'tsd volt, | 
As px'lxrj an'Ssm swslz bs not ov prez v . | 



PRAKTIKSIL ELfiKIJCUN. 283 

Kan stco'rxd urn, or an'xmeted bust, | 

Bak ts xts man'cun kol be flx'txrj bretK ? | 

Kan onur'z vas provcok' be si'lent dust^ | 
Or fla'turx ssb* be dul keold xr ov de& ? | 

Purhaps' xn bxs neglek'ted spot, xz led | 

Sum hart wuns preg'nant wxb sxles v £al fir; | 

Handz bat be rod ov em pir mit hav swed, | 
Or wekt ts ex'tasx be lx'vxrj lir x . | 

But no'lecj ts bor iz hur am'pl pec], | 

Rx6 wxb be spalz ov tim, dxd ne'ur unreal 1 ; | 

"Cxi penyurx rxprest 1 bor no'bl recj, | 

And frcoz be cjx'nxal ku'rent ov be sol v . | 

Ful me'nx a cjem ov purest re sxrxn', | 
Ae dark, unfa'bumd kevz ov o cun bor ; | 

Ful me'nx a flepmr xz born ts blue unsxn v , | 
And west xts swxt'nes on be de'zurt or . | 

Sum vx'lxcj Hamp'den bat, wxb dant'les brest, | 
Ae Ix'tl ti'rant ov hxz fxldz' wxbstudv; | 

Sum mut, xnglco'rxus Mxbtun, hxr me rest' ; | 
Sum Krom'wel, gxlt'les ov hxz kun'trx'z blud . | 

Ax aploz' ov Ixs'nxrj se'nats ts komand x , | 
Ae $rets ov pen and ru'xn ts dxspiz', | 

Ts ska'tur plen'tx co'ur a smi'lxrj land, | 
And rxd bor hxs'tcon xn a ne'eun'z iz', | 

Aor lot forbadv — | nor sur'kumskribd alem' | 
Aor grcoxrj vur£uz; | but, bor krimz' konfind', | 

Forbad' ts wed Srs slo'tur ts a Srcom, | 
And cut be gets ov mursx on mankind* ;.| 



284 PR&KTXKAL ELRKIJCUN. 

As strug'lxrj panz ov kon'cus truS x ts hid*, | 
Ts kwsn£ bs blu'cxz ov xncjsn'yttus cenr, | 

Or hxp he crin ov luk'curx and prid, | 
Wxb xn'ssns kxn'dld at bs mu'z'i-z flenL. | 

Far from bs ma'dxrj krcpd'z xgnorbl strif, | 
(Aar so'bur wx'cxz ns'vur lurnd' ts stre',) 

Alorj' bs ksl, sxkwss'turd vel ov lif, | 
Ae kspt bs naz'lss ts'nur ov bar we. | 

Yst x'n bxz' bconz, from xn'sult ts prcotskt', | 
Sum frel mxmco'rxal stxl, xrsk'tsd ni, | 

Wxb un'ks& rimz, and cep'lss skulp'cur dskt, | 
Xmplcorz' bs pa'sxrj trx'but ov a si v . | 

Aar nemz x , bar yxrz', spsld bi bx unls'turd muz, 
As pies ov fem and s'lxcjx, supliv ; | 

And ms'nx a hw'lx tsxt arcpnd' ex stroz, | 
Aat tx£ bs rus'txk mo'ralxst ts di v . | 

For hs, ts dum forgst'fulnss a pre, | 
Axs plx'zxrj, arjk'cus bx'xrj s'ur rxzind', | 

Lsft bs worm prx'sxrjkts ov bs 6xrful de, | 
Nor kast wun lorj'xrj, lxrj'gurxrj luk bxhind v ? 

On sum fond brsst bs par'txrj sol rxliz*; | 
Sum pi' us drops bs klco'zxrj i rxkwirz> ; | 

X'n from bs tsnr bs vas ov ne'6ur kriz, | 
X'n xn cpr acxz Ixv bar wun'tsd firz . | 

For bx hs, mind'ful ov bx uno'nurd dsd, | 
Dust xn bxz linz bar art'lss tel rxlet', | 

If, 6ans, bi lcon'lx kontsmplccun lsd, | 
Sum kxn'drsd spx'rxt cal xnkwir bi fet', i 



PRAKTIKaL ELfiKIJCUN. 2S5 

Hap'lx sum horrx-hs'dsd swen x me se ; , | 
" Oft hav wx sxn hxm at bs pxp ov don, | 

Bru'cxrj, wxb hes'tx step bs duz awe', | 
Ts mxt be sun upon' bx up'land Ion . | 

Aor, at bs fut ov yon'dur no'dxrj bxc | 
Aat rxbz its old fantas'txk rsts so hi, | 

Hxz Ixst'lss lsrj& at nsn'tid wud hx strs£, | 
And poor upon' bs bruk bat bub'lz h'\. \ 

Hard bi yon wud, nop smi'lxrj az xn skorn, | 
Mut'Txrj hxz we'ward fan'sxz, hx wud rcov x ; | 

Nqp drs'pxrj, wco'ful, won v , | life wun forlorn*, | 
Or krezd wxb kor, | or krost xn hcop'lss luv . | 

Wun morn I mxst hxm on bx akus'tumd hxl, | 
Alorj bs hx£h, | and nxr hxz fe'vurxt trxx ; | 

Anu^bur kem; | nor yst bxsid' bs rxl, | 

Nor up bs Ion', | nor at bs wud^ woz hx . | 

As nsxt, wxb durcjxz du, xn sad are', | 

SIgd Srs bs 6ur£'-yard pa& v , wx so hxm bcornv — | 

Aprco6', and rxd (for bcp kanst rxd) bs le, | 
J Grevd on bs stwn bxnxb' yon e'cjed &orn ." | 

Ax Ltxt&f. 
Hxr rssts hxz hsd upon' bs lap ov ur&, | 

A yuS ts For'6un and ts Fem, uncow ; | 
For Si'sns frcpnd not on hxz huni'bl bur$, | 

And Ms'lankolx markt hxm for hur con . | 

Larc] woz hxz bqm'tx, and hxz seal, sxnsxr — | 
Hsvn dxd a rskumpsns az larcj'lx ssnd, — | 

Hx gev ts Mx'zurx ol hx had', a txr ; | 

Hx gend from Hsvn | ('t woz ol hx wxct x ), a frsnd v . | 



286 P R a K T X K a. L LLfiKIJCUN. 

No far'bur sxk hxz me'rxts ts dxskloz', | 
Or dro hxz frel'txz from bar dred abod x , | 

(Aar be alik' xn trem'blxrj hop rxpoz') | 
As bs'zum ov hxz Fa'bur and hxz God . | 



DUG'LAS' AK^NT OV HIMSELF\ 
(Hoivr.) 
Mi nem xz Nerval ; | on be Gram'pxan hxlz | 
Mi fa'bur fxdz hxz fioks v ; | a fru'gal swen | 
Hsz kon'stant korz | wer ts xnkrxs 7 hxz stor, | 
And kxp hxz on'k sun, miself', at hom^ : | 
For I had hurd ov ba^tlz, | and I lorjd 
Ts fo'lo ts be fxld sum wor'lik lord N ; | 
And hevn ssn gran' ted qot mi sir dxnid ! | 

Axs m^n,qx6 roz last nit, rcpnd az mi cxld, | 
Had not yet fxld hur hornz, | qen, bi hur lit, | 
A band ov fxrs barbe'rxanz from be hxlz, | 
Ruct lik a tor'ent depn upon be veh, | 
Swx'pxn Gpr floks and hurdz^ | Ae ce'purdz fled 
For sef'tx and for su\kur. | I, alom, | 
Wxb ben'ded bo, and kwx'vur ful ov a'roz, | 
Hu'vurd abept' bx e'nxmx, | and markt 
Ae rod hx tukv : | ben hes'ted ts mi frendz x | 
Hsm, wxb a trsp ov fxf 'tx 6o'zn men, | 
I met advan^sxn. | Ae pursuf L led, | 
Txl wx o'urtuk' be spod'-enkumburd fco. | 

Wx fot and kon x kurd. | 8r a sord woz dron, | 
An a'ro from mi bo had pxrst bar £xf 4 , | 
Hs wor, bat de, bx armz qx£ nqp L war. | 



PRAKTIKaL ELflKIJCUN. 287 

Rxturnxn horn in tri'umf, | I dxzdend* 
Ae ce'purd'z slco&'ful lif ; | and, ha'vxn hurd | 
Aat qpr gud kxrj had su'inund hxz bold pxrz | 
Ts lxd bar woryurz ts be Ka'run sid, | 
I left mi fa'bur'z h(ps N , | and tuk wxb mx | 
A £oo'zn survant | ts kondukt' mi steps* — | 
Yon trem'blxrj kcp^ard, hs forsuk' hxz mas^tur. | 
Dur'nxxrj wxb bxs intent', | I past bxz tcpmrz, | 
And, hevn-dxrekted, | kem bxs de ts ds | 
Ae ha'px dxd bat gxldz mi hum'bl nern . | 



AL GREV OV FRAIjKLXN. 

(MXS. Wo^TURMaN.) 

Nfi ci'zeld urn xz rxrd ts bx* ; | 

No skulp'6urd skrol enrolz' xts pe^ 

Ts tel be 6xl'dren ov be frx, | 

Qor rests be pa'trxut and be se^. | 

Far xn be sx'tx ov be ded% I 
A kor'nur holdz bi se'kred kta ; | 

And pxl'grxm fxt, bi re'vurens led, | 
Hav wcorn a paS bat marks be we,. | 

Aor, rcpnd bi Ion and sxm'pl grev, | 
Lnkro'6xrj on xts mar'bl gre, | 

Wild plan'txn wxdz and tol gras wev, | 
And sun'bxmz por bor ced'les re . | 

Le'vxl wxb ur& v , bi le'turd ston — | 
And hxdn oft bi win'tur'z snov — | 

Its mo'dest re'kord telz alom | 
Hsz dust xt xz bat slxps bxto. | 



288 PR&KTXKA.L E L Si K IJ C II N. 

Aat nem'z xnuf — | bat cnurd nem | 
No ed from yirlocjx rxkwirzv : | 

'Txz blen'ded wxb bi kuivtrx'z fenv, | 
And fla'ciz rcpnd hur lit'nxrj spirz v . 



DEKLARE'CUN OV INDXPL'N'DLNS. 

(jOE/FURSUN.) 

Qen, xn be kcors ov hu'man xvents', | xt bxkumz' ns'- 
sesari for wun px'pl | ts dxzolv be pcolx'txkal bandz 
qx6 hav konek'ted bem wxb anu'bur, | and ts asum' 
amurj' bs pcpurz ov bx urQ | be se'paret and x'kwal 
ste'cun | ts qx6 be loz ov ne'6ur and ov nccur'z God v 
enti'tl bem, | a dx'sent rxspekf ts bx opxn'yunz ov man- 
kind' | rxkwirz' bat be cud dxklar' be ko v zxz | qx£ xmpeh 
bem ts be separe^cun. | 

Wx hold bxz tru&s ts bx self-e x vxdent : | bat ol men ar 
krxe ted x^kwal ; | bat be ar endcpd' bi bor Krxe'tur [ wxb 
sur'tin xnel'yenabl rits^ ; | bat amun' bxz | ar lif, Ii'- 
burtx, and be pursuf ov ha^pxnes ; | bat ts sxkur' bxz 
rits, | gu x vurnments ar xnstxtu'ted amuiy men, | dxri'- 
vxn bor cjust pcp'urz | from be konsenf ov be gu^vurnd ; | 
bat qene'vur e'nx form ov girvurnment | bxkumz' dx- 
struk'txv ov bxz endz, | xt xz be rit ovbe px'pl | ts ol'tur 
or abo v lxc it, | and ts xn'stitut nir gu^vurnment, | le'xrj 
its fqmde'cun on sue" prxn'sxplz, | and organizxrj its 
pcpnirz in su6 form, | az ts bem cal sxm most lik'lx | ts 
efekf bar sefti and ha v pxnes. | Prju'dens, xndxd', wxl 
dxk'tet | bat gu'vurnments Ion estab'lxct | cud not bx 
cencjd for lit and tran v cent kotzxz; | and akordxijlx ol 
expx'nens had ccon | bat mankind' ar mcor dxspozd' ts 



PRaKTIKaL LLQKUCUN. 289 

sirfur | qil x'vlz ar su'furabl, j ban ts rit bsmsslvz'jbi 
abolxcxrj 5a formz ts qxc be ar akus^tumd. | But qsn a 
lorj tren ov abu'sxz and yuzurpecunz, | pursu'xrj xnve'- 
rxablx bs sem ob'cjskt, | xvxirsxz a dxsin' ts rxdus' bsm 
un'dur ab'solut dss'potxzm, | xt xz bor rit v ,|xt xz bar 
dutx | ts $ro of sue guxvurnmsnt, | and ts provid' nu 
gardz for bor fb'cur sxkttvrxtx. | Sue" haz bxn bs pe'csnt 
su'furans ov bxz kolonxz ; | and su£ xz ncp bs nxss'sxtx | 
qx6 konstrenz' bsm ts ol'tur bor for'mur sxs'tsmz ov 
girvurnmsnt. | As hxs'torx ov be prs'zsnt kxrj ov Gret 
Brxtan | xz a hxs'ton ov rxpx'tsd xn'cjurxz and yuzur- 
pedmz, | ol ha'vxrj xn dxrskf ob'^skt | bxssta'blxcmsnt 
ov an ab'solut tx v ranx Q'vur bxz stets v . | Ts prsv bxs, | 
1st fakts bx submx'tsd ts a kan'dxd wurld . | 

Hx haz rxfuzd' hxz assnt' ts loz | be most hol'sum 
and ns'sssan for bs pub'lxk gud v . | 

Hx haz forbxdn hxz gu'vurnurz ts pas loz | ov xmx'- 
dxat and prs'sxrj xmportans, | unlss' suspsn'dsd xn bor 
opure'cun | txl hxz assnt cud bx obtendv ; | and qsn v so 
suspsn'dsd, | hx haz u'turlx nsglsk'tsd ts atsnd v ts bsm . 

Hx haz rxfttzd' ts pas u'vhir loz | for bx akomode'cun 
ov larcj dxs'trxkts ov px'pl, | unlss' boz px'pl | wud 
rxlxrj'kwxc bs rit ov rsprxzsnte'cun xn bs ls^cjxsle^ur, | a 
rit xnss'txmabl ts bsm, | and for'mxdabl ts ti'rantson x li.| 

Hx haz kold txgs'bur ls'cjxsletxv bo'dxz | at ple'sxz 
unyirjjual, | unkunf furtabl, | and dxs'tant from bs dx- 
po'zxtorx | ov bor pub'lik rs v kordz, | for bs sol pur'pus | 
ov fatx'gxrj bsm xn'ts kompli'ans wxb hxz ms^jurz. | 

Hx haz dxzolvd' rsprxzsn'tatxv hcp'zxz rxprtsdlx | for 
opo'zxi] wxb man'lx furm'nss | hxz xnve'junz on be rits 
ov bs px*pl. | 

Hx haz rxftfzd' for a lorj tim aftur sue dxsolu'cunz | 
25 



290 PRAKTXK&L ELflKUCUN 

is koz u'burz ts bx xleloted, | qorbi be le'(]xsletxvpcp'urz,| 
xnke'pabl ov anihxle'cun, | hav rxturnd' ts be px'pl at 
larcj for bar exursiz, | be stet rxme'nxr), xn be mxn tim, | 
expeozd' ts ol be den'cjurz ov xnve'jun from wxbcpf | and 
konvul'cunz wx5xn v . 

Hx haz ende'vurd ts prxvent' be popule cun ov bxz 
stets, ; | for bat purpus | obstruk'txrj be loz for na^u- 
ralxze'cun ov forxnurz, | rxfu'zxn ts pas u'burz | ts en- 
ku'rxoj bar migre'cunz hx bur, | and re'zxrj be kondx'- 
cunz | ov nu aproprxe'cunz ov landz v . | 

Hx haz obstructed bx admxnxstre'cun ov c|us*txs | bi 
rxfu'zxrj hxz asent' ts loz | for esta'blxcxr) cjudxcxrx 
pcpmrz. | 

Hx haz med cju'cjxz dxpen'dent on hxz wxl alcon* | for 
be te'nur ov bar oTxsxz, | and bx amcpnt' and pe'ment 
ov bar sajarxz. | 

Hx haz xrek'ted a muHxtud ov nu ofxsxz, | and sent 
hx'bur swormz ov nu oTxsurz | ts ha'ras cpr px'pl and 
xt cpt bar suKstans. | 

Hx haz kept amurj' us xn timz ov pxs' | stan'dxrj ar- 
mxz | wxbcpt' be konsent' ov cpr le v (jxsle£urz. | 

Hx haz afek'ted ts ren'dur be mx'lxtarx | xndxpen'dent 
ov, | and supx'rxur ts be sx*vxl pcpmr. | 

Hx haz kombind' wxb u'burz ] ts subcjekf us ts a 
cjurxsdxk'cun | fo'rxn ts cpr konstxtu^cunz | and unak- 
no'lecjd bi cpr loz x , | gx'vxn. hxz asenf ts bar akts ov 
prxten'ded lecjxsle'cun | for kworturxij larcj bo'dxz ov 
armd traps* amu^ us ; | for protek'txn, bem bi a mok 
trial | from pu'nxcment | for e'nx murdurz qx£ be cud 
komxt' | on bx xnha'bxtants ov bxz stets, ; I for ku'txrj 
of cpr tred* wxb ol parts ov be wur^ ; i for xmpco'zxrj 
taxxz on us wxbcpf cpr konsent* ; | for dxpri'vxr) us xn 



PRAKTIKiL ILBKL'CUN. 291 

me'nx ke's'xz | ov be be'nxfxts ov tri'al bi cJutx ; | for 
transporter) us bxyond' sxz v | ts bx trid for prxtemded 
ofen.sxz ; | for abo'lxcxn be frx sxs'tem ov Irjg'lxc loz' xn 
a ne'burxrj prcvvxns, | estab'lxcxn barxn' | an arbxtrarx 
gu*vurnment, | and enlar'cjxrj xts bcfn'darxz, | so az ts 
ren'dur xt at wuns an es-anrpl | and fxt xn'stronent | 
for xntrodu'sxn be sem ab'solrt rul xnts bxz ko lonxz ; | 
for te'kxrj awe cpr 6ar turz, | abo'lxcxrj cpr most val'- 
yuabl loz v , | and ol'turxrj fundamen'talx | be formz ov 
cpr gu^vurnments ; | for suspen'dxn q:r on le'cjxslefoLTZ, | 
and dxklo'rxrj bemselvz x xnves'ted wxb pc[/ur ts le'cjxslet 
for us | xn ol ke'sxz qotsoe^vur. | 

Hx haz afrdxketed gu'vurnment hxr | bi dxklo'rxi) us 
cpt ov hxz protek cun | and we'cjxrj wor agenst* us. | 

Hx haz plun'durd cpr sxz v , j ra'vxcjd cf r kosts', | burnt 
cpr tcfnzs | and dxstrad' be livz ov cpr px v pl. | 

Hx xz at bxs tinr | transpor'txrj larcj ar'mxz ov fo'rxn 
mursxnarxz | ts komplxt' be wurks ov de&', | desolecun 
and tx'ranx | olre'dx bxgun' | wxb sur'kumstansxz ov 
kru'eltx and pur'fxdx | skors-lx pa'raleld xn be most 
barbarus exjxz | and to'talx unwurbx be hed ov a 
srvxlizd ne«cun. | 

Hx haz konstrend' cpr fe'lo-si'txznz | te'kn kap'txv on 
be hi sxz | ts bar armz agensf bar kun^trx, | ts bxkum' 
bx exxkir'cunurz ov bar frendz and breb ren, | or ts fol 
bemselvz' bi bar handz v . 

Hx haz eksi'ted domes'txk xnsurekcunz amun* us, | 
and haz ende'vurd ts brxrj | on bx xnha'bxtants ov cpr 
frontxrz' | be mur'sxles Xn'dxan sa v vxc]xz, | hsz non rul 
ov wor'far | xz an undxstxiygwxct dxstruk'cun | ov ol 
e'cjxz, sex'xz, and kondx.cunz. | 

In e'vurx stecj ov bxz opre'eunz | wx hav pxtx'cund 



292 P It a K T l K a. L ELflKUCUN. 

for rxdrss' in bs most hum'bl turmz* : | cpr rxpx'tsd pxtx'« 
cunz | hav bin an'surd on'lx bi rxpx'tsd in^uriz. | 

A prxns hsz ka'raktur xz bus markt | bi s'vuri akt 
qi6 me dxfkv a ti'rant, | xz unfit* ts bx bs ru'lur ov a 
frx* px^pl. 

Nor hav wx bxn won'txr) in atsn'cunz ts cpr Bri'tic 
brsb v rsn. | Wx hav wornd bsm from tim ts tim | ov 
atsmts' bi bar ls'cjisledur | ts sxtsnd' an unwo'rantabl 
cjunsdik N cun o^vur us. | Wx hav rxmin'dsd bsm ov bs 
sur'kumstansxz | ov cpr smxgre'cun and ss^tlmsnt hxr : | 
wx hav apxld' ts bar ne'tiv cjus'tis and magnanrmiti, | 
and wx hav koncjurd' bsm, bi be tiz ov cpr ko'mun kin*- 
drsd, | ts dxsavcp' bxz yuzurpe v cunz, ] qx6 wud xns'vita- 
bli inturupf cpr konsk'cun and korssponvdsns. | Ae ts 
hav bin dsf ts bs vas ov cjus'tis and ov konsangwii- 
niti. | Wx must, bsrfor, akwiss' in bs nxss'sxti | qx6 
dxncpn'sxz cpr sspare^cun ! | and hold bsm az wx hold 
bs rest* ov mankind^ |s'nxmiz in wor, | in pxs frsndz^. | 

Wx, bsrfor, | bs rspnzsn'tativz ov bs Yuni'tsd Stets 
ov Ams'rxka, | in Ds'nural Koiygrss assm'bld, | apx'lxn 
ts bs Suprxm' Ducj ov bs wurld | for bs rsk'titud ov 
cpr intsn'cunz, | ds in bs nem, | and bi br oSo'rxti ov 
bs gud px'pl ov bxz ko'lomz, | so'lsmli pub'lxc and 
dxklor, | bat bxz yuni'tsd ko'tanxz ar, | and ov rit oV 
ts bx, | frx and indxpsn'dsnt stets* ; | bat be ar abzolvd-' 
from ol alx'cjxans ts bs Bri'tic krcpm, | and bat ol po- 
li'tikal konsk'cun | bxtwxn' bsm and bs stet ov Gret 
Bri'tan | iz, and ot v ts bx, | to'tali dxzolvd^ ; | and bat 
az frx and indxpsn'dsnt stets, | be hav ful pcp'ur ts Is'vi 
wors | konklud pxs\ | kontrakt' alransxz,|ss'tablic ko x - 
murs, | and ts ds ol u'bur akts and Sirjz | qi6 indx- 
psn'dsnt stets me ov rit* ds v . | 



P R 9l K T X K a. L ELfiKIJCUN. 293 

And for be suporf ov bis deklare'cun, | wxb a furm 
rxli'ans on be prcotek'cun ov Dxvin' Pro'vxdens, | wx 
mu'cualx plec] ts x£ u'bur | cpr livz', | cpr for'Cunz, j and 
cpr se'kred o*nur. 



AE DUR'NX OV A DE 1 , A PIK"CIJR OV HUMAN 

(dr. joon v sn.) 

Qei'd<\, be sun ov Aben'sxna, | left be karavansxra 
urlx in be mornxn, | and pursud' hxz cjur'nx Srs be 
plenz ov Hindb'stanv. | Hx woz free and vx'gurus wxb 
rest* ; | hx woz an'xmeted wxb hcop v ; | hx woz xnsi'ted 
bidxzir; | hx wokt swxftlx for 7 ward co'vur be va'lxz, | 
and so be hxlz gra'cjualx ri'zxrj bxfeor hxm. | 

Az hx past alorj', | hxz xrz wer dxli'ted wxb be mor'nxrj 
son ov be burd ov Pa N radis : | hx woz fand bi be last 
flu'turz ov be sxrj'kxrj brxz\ | and sprxrj'kld wxb du 
from grcovz ov sprsxz. | Hx sum'timz kontempleted be 
tcfunrj hit ov bx cok\ | mo'nark ov be hxlz*; | and sum'- 
timz kot be cjen'tl fre'grans ov be prxnrroz, | el'dest 
do'tar ov be sprxrj* : | ol hxz sen'sxz wer gra'txfid, | and 
ol kor woz ba'nxct from hxz hart . | 

Aus hx went on, | txl be sun aprcjff hxz mxrx v dxan, | 
and bx xnkrxst' hxt pred upon' hxz strerj\K ; | hx ben lukt 
rcpnd abc[t' hxm | for sum mor komo'dxus pa& . | Hx 
so, on hxz rit hand, a grov* | bat sxmd ts wev xts cedz 
az a sin ov xnvxtevcun ; | hx en turd xt, | and fcpnd be 
ksl'nes and vur'tjur xrxzxs'txblx ple*zant. j 

Hx dxd not, hepe'vur, | forget' qx'bur hx woz tra^- 
velxr], | but fcpnd a na'ro we, bor'durd wxb flcpwz, | qx6 
apxrd' ts hav be sem dxrek'cun wxb be mem rod*.; | and 
25* 



294 PRAKTXK&L LLfiKUCUN. 

woz plxzd, | bat bi bis ha'px sxps'rimsnt, | hx had fcpnd 
mxnz ts yunit' pls'jur wxb biz^nes, | and ts gen be 
rxwordz' ov di'lic|ens|wibcpt' su'funr) its fatxgz*. | 

Hx, berfcor, stxl kontxn'yud ts wok for a tim|wibcpt/ 
be lxst rxmx'cun ov hxz ardur, | eksepf bat hx woz 
sum'timz tem'ted ts stop | bi bs mu'zxk ov be burdz | 
qi6 be hxt had asem'bled xn bs ced x ; | and sum'timz 
amuzd' himself' | wxb plu'kin bs flcpmrz | bat ku'vurd 
bs bai]ks on x'bur sid*, | or bs frut x bat huq upon' bs 
bran 6iz. | 

At last, bs grxn pa& bxgan' ts dxklin' from xts furst 
ten densi, | and ts wind amurj' hxlz and dx'ksts, | ksld 
wxb ftpntinz, and murmurxi) wxb wcxturfolz. | Hxr 
Qbi'da pozd v for a tim, | and bxgan' ts konsxd'ur | qs'- 
bur xt wsr lorj'gur sef | ts fbrsek' bs non and ko^mun 
trakv ; | but rxmsm'burxrj bat be hxt woz ncp xn xts gre'- 
tsst vi'wlsns, | and bat bs plen woz dus'tx and unx'vn, | 
hx rxzolvd' ts pursu' bs nu^ pa£h, | qic hx supcozd' an'li 
ts mek a fu mxan'durz, | xn kompli'ans wxb bs vari'xtxz 
ov bs grcpnd, | and ts snd at last xn bs ko*mun rod^ | 

Ha'vxrj bus kamd hxz solx-sxtud, | hx rxnud' hxz pes% | 
bco hx suspsk'tsd bat hx woz not ge'nxrj grcpnd v . | Axs 
unx'zxnss ov hxz mind, | xnklind' hxm ts le hold on 
s'vurx nu ofrcjekt, | and gxv we ts s'vurx ssnse'cun | 
bat mit ssb or divurt x hnn . | Hx lxsnd ts s'vurx e\ko ; | 
hx mcpn'tsd s'vurx hxl for a frsc prospskt ; | hx turnd 
asid' ts s'vurx kasked* ; | and plxzd himself' ] wib trc- 
sirj bs kcors ov a cjen'tl n Vur | bat rcold amurj' be trxz,| 
and wo'turd a larc| rx'cjun | wxb xnu'murabl surkum- 
vcolu^cunz. | 

Xn bxz amuz'msnts, | bx (prz past awe' unakcpn v ted ; ! 
hxz dxvxccunz had purplsxt' hxz me^mcon, | and hx he 



P R a K T X K a L ELQKKCUN. 295 

not tco'ardz qot pant ts travel. | Hx stud pen'sxv and 
konfuzd v , | afred' ts go forward, | lest hx cud gco rorj v , | 
yet kon'cus bat be tim ovla v turxrj woz ncp past ( . | Qil 
hx woz bus tor'forrd wxb unsurtxntx, | be ski woz 
ovurspred' wxb kkpdz* ; | be de va'nxct from bxfcor 
hxm: | and a su'dxn tem'pest ga'burd rcpnd hxz hed,. 

Hx woz ncp rcpzd bi hxz den'cjur, | ts a kwxk and 
pen'ful rxmenrbrans ov hxz fojx ; | hx ncp so hep ha'pxnes 
xz lost, | qen *Xz N xz konsuhted; | hx lamented bx un- 
man'lx xnipccens | bat promp'ted hxm ts sxk cel'tur xn 
be grcov x ; | and dxspizd' be pe'tx kurxo'sxtx | bat led 
hxm on from tri'fl ts trLfl. | Qil hx woz bus rxflek'txn, | 
bx or gru bla-kur, | and a klap ov Qun'dur | break hxz 
medxtescun. | 

Hx ncp rxzolvd' ts ds qot yet rxmend' xn hxz pepmr, | 
ts tred bak be grqjnd qx6 hx had past, | and tri ts find 
sum X'Clt | qor be wud mit copn xn'ts be plen x . | Hx 
prostrcted hxmself on be grcpnd, | and rekomen'ded hxz 
lif ts be Lord ov Ne^ur. | Hx roz wxb konfxdens and 
trankwxixtx, | and prest on wxb rezcoluvcun. | Ae bxsts 
ov be de'zurt wer xn mcrcun, | and on e'vurx hand | 
wer hurd be mxrjgld hcplz ov recj and fxr, — | and 
ra vxcj and expxre^cun. | Ql be ho'rurz ov dark'nes and 
so'lxtud surcpn^ded hxrn : | be wxndz rcord xn be wudz, | 
and be to'rents tunvbld from be hxlz v . | 

Aus forlorn and dxstrest', | hx won'durd drs be wild, | 
wxbept' no'xrj qx'bur hx woz gco v xrj, | or qe'bur hx woz 
e'vurx mco'ment | dro'xrj nxr'ur ts seftx or ts dxstruk,- 
cun. | At lerjv), not fxr, | but le^bur bxgan' ts ovurkuuiv 
hxm ; | hxz bre& gru cort, and hxz nxz trenrbld ; | and 
hx woz on be pant ov lixrj depn xn rezxgne'cun ts hxz 
fets | qen hx bxheld', $rs be bram'blz, | be glx'mur ov a 
te,pur. | 



296 PR&KTXKAL ELfiKUCUX. 

Hx advanst' to'ardz be lit^ ; | and fin'dxrj bat it prco- 
sx'ded from be ko'tec] ov a hurmit, | hx koldhum'bhat 
be dear, | and obtend' admrcun. | Ax cold man set bxfeor' 
hxm | sue; prcovi'junz az hx had kolek'ted for himself, | 
on qi£ Qbi'da fed wib x'gurnes and gravtitud. | 

Qen be rxpasf woz wvur, | " Tel mi," sed be hur- 
mit, | " bi qot £ans bep hast bin brot buubur ? | I hav 
bin ncp twen'ti yxrz x | an inhabitant ov be wxl'dur- 
nes, | in qi6 I ne'vur so a man bxfeor ." | Qbi'da ben 
rxle'ted bx oku'rensiz ov hiz cjurni, | wibcpf e'ni kon- 
sxl'ment or paliexcun. | 

" Sun/' sed be hurmit, | " let bx e'rurz and fo'liz, | 
be den'tjurz and eskep' ov bis de, | sirjk dxp m'ts bi 
hart. | Rxmem'bur, mi sun, | bat hu'man lif iz be 
cju'rnx ov a de . | Wx riz in be mornirj ov yui}, | ful 
ov vi'gur, and ful ov expekte^cun ; | wx set forward 
wib spi'rit and hop*, | wib ge'iti and wib drlicjens, | 
and tra'vil on aqil' | in be dxrekt' rod ov pi'iti, | tco'ardz 
be man'cunz ov rest. | 

" In a cort tim wx rxmit* opr furvur, | and endewur 
ts find sum mitxge'cun ov cpr dirti, | and sum mcor x'zi 
mxnz ov obte'nxrj be sem end. | Wx ben rxlax' cpr 
vi'gur, | and rxzolv nco lon'gur ts bx te'nfid wib krimz 
at a dis^tans ; | but rxli' upon' cpr an kon stansx, | and 
ven'6ur ts aprcocV | qot wx rxzolv ne'vur ts tu6. | Wx 
bus en'tur be bcp'urz ov xz, | and rxpcoz' in be cedz ov 
sxkuTiti. | 

" Hxr be hart sofnz, | and vrcjilans subsidzv ; | wx 

ar ben wrlirj ts inkwir' | qe'bur anubur advans' 

. kanot' bx medv, | and qe'bur wx me not, at lxst, | turn 

Cpr iz upon' be gard'nz ov plejur. | Wx aprco£' bem 

wib skru'ol and hezitecun ; I wx en^tur bem, I but 



PR9.KTXK9.L ELQKLJCUN. 297 

en'tur tx'murus and tremJbhn ; | and ol'wez hop ts pas 
Srs bem | wxbcpf ls'zxij be rod ov vur6u, | q\6, for a 
qil, wx kxp xn ccr sit 4 , | and ts v qxc; wx pur'pus ts 
rxturn . | But temte'cun suksxdz N temtexun, | and wun 
kompli'ans prx'porz us for anu N bur; | wx in tim lsz be 
ha'pxnes ov xircosens, | and so'las cpr dxskwi'et wxb 
sen'cual gratifxke>cunz. | 

" Bi dxgrxz', | wx let fol be rxmsm'brans ov cp r orx'cjx- 
nal xnten v cun, | and kwxt bx on'k a'dxkwet ob'cjekt ov 
ra'cunal dxzir . | Wx entarj'gl cprselvz' xn bx N znes, | im- 
mure]' cf rselvz' xn lu&curx, | and row $rs bs la'burxnds 
ov xnkoirstansx ; | txl be dark'nes ov cold ecj' bxgxnz' ts 
xnved v us, | and dxzxz' and arjxi'xtx obstrukt' cpr we. | 
Wx ben luk bak upon' cpr livz wxb hoTur, | wxb so ro, | 
wxb rxpsn»tans ; | and wxc, | but ts ofn ven'lx wxc, | bat 
wx had not forse'kn be wez ov vm\6u. | 

" Ha'px ar be, mi sun, | hs cal lurn from bi e^am'pl, | 
not ts dxsporv ; | but cal rxmem'bur, | bat, bco be de xz 
past, | and bar strerjfr xz wes'ted, | bor yet rxmenz' 
wun" e'fort ts bx med^ : | bat reforme'cun xz ne'vur 
ho x ples, | nor sxnsxr ende'vurz e'vur unasxs i ted ; | bat 
be woirdurur me at len& rxturn', | aftur ol hxz e v rurz; | 
and bat hx hs xmplcorz' stren& and ku'ricj from abuv, I 
cal find deivcjur and dx'fxkultx gxv we bxfcor hxm. I 
Go ncp, mi sun, ts bi rxpcoz 4 ; | komxf biself ts be kor 
ov Omnrpotens ; | and qen be mor'nxrj kolz agen' ts 
tal, | bxgxn' anu' bi cjur'nx, and bi lif v ." 



298 PR&KTXKSVL ELfiKIJCUN. 

NIT 0OTS. 

(YUIj.) 

Ar bel striks wun. | Wx tek no not ov tim | 

But from xts los^ : | ts gxv xt ben a tun | 

Iz wiz x xn man . | Az xf an emcjel spok\, | 

I fxl be solem sepnd^. | If hurd arit', | 

It xz bs nel ov mi dxpar'ted eprz^. | 

Qor ar be ? | Wxb be yxrz bxyond' be flud v . | 

It xz be sxg'nal bat dxmandz' dxspa& : | 

Hep mu£ xz ts bx dun* ! | Mi hops and fxrz 

Start up alarmd', | and o'ur lifs na'ro vurrj 

Luk depiv — | on qotv 1 | A fa'bumles abxs v , | 

A dred xturnxtx ! | hep curdx min v ! | 

And kan xturnxtx bxlorj' ts mr, | 

Psr pen'cunur on be bepn'txz ov an cpr ? | 

Hep psn, | hep rxfr, | hep al^cjekt, | hep ogust x , 
Hep kom plxket, | hep wun.durful xz man ! | 
Hep pa-sxrj wun'dur Hx hs med x hxm su6v ! | 
Hs sen'turd xn epr mek su6 strencj extrxmz v ! | 
From dx'furent ne'6urz, mar'veluslx mxxt, | 
Konek'cun ex'kwxzxt ov dxs'tant \vurldz v ! | 
Dxstxrj'gwxct lxrjk xn bx'xrj'z end'les ten, ! | 
Mxd'we from nu'&xn ts be Dxxtx ! | 
A bxm xSx'rxal, su'lxd and absorpt ! | 
Ao su'lxd and dxzo'nurd, | stxl dxvin ! | 
Dxm mx'nxtur ov gret'nes ab v solut ! | 
An or ov glo v rx ! | a frel 6ild ov dust ! | 
Help'les xniortal ! | xnsekt' xnfxnxt ! | 
A wurur ! | a God^ ! | I trem'bl at miself', | 
And xn miself am lost. I 



PRaKTXK&L LLfiKUCUN. 299 

At hcom, a stren'cjur, | 
won'durz up and dc[n, | surprizd', | agast x , j 
wun'durxrj at hur con . | Hep rx'zn rxlz» ! | 
i '. a mi'rakl ts man xz man 1 , | 
j uvfantli dxstrsst^ ! | qot ejex ! | qot drsdx ! | 
A^iir'netli transported and alarmd* ! | 
Qot kan prxzurv* mi lil\ ? | or qot dxstrci ? | 
An en'cjsl'z arm kan't sna6 mx from bs grev x ; | 
Lx^cjunz ov en'fjslz kan't konfhr mx bor . | 



AE LAND AAT WX LIT IN. 

(V. W. TOM'SN.) 

Ae land bat wx lxv in — | bs land bat wx lxV in, j 

Q ! qor xz be hart duz not $xrjk xt mar for, | 
Aan bs bri'tsst ov sxnz ts qx6 ne'6ur haz gxvn | 

Hur klxrsst ov sun and hur purest ov or ? | 
Xta'lxa me bcost ov hur s'vurgrxn bepmrz, | 

Hur ski wibcpf klcpdz, and hur roz'-ssntsd brxz^, | 
And Pur'ca me vont ov hur gar'dnz and flepmrz, | 

But bor xz wun spot qx6 xz bs'tur ban bxz>, — | 
'Txz bs land bat wx lxv^ xn — | bs land bat wx lxv' in ; 

Q ! qor xz bs hart duz not Sxnk xt mor for, | 
Aan bs bri'tsst ov sxnz ts qx6 ne'CL T r haz gxvn | 

Hur klxrsst ov sun and hurpursst ov or ?| 

Raman'tik and wild ar prepd Sko'ca'z mcpmtxnz, ] 
And for ar bs plenz ov xmpxrxal Frans^ — | 

And Grana'da me tsl ov hur grovz and hur fepirtinz, 
And mxrj'gl bs mur& ov be son and be dans*— | 

As klimz ov bs Xst me sg-hx'bxt bor trsjurz, | 

Aor pam-trxz me blsm and bor wo'turz me fok — I 



300 P R ft K T X K ft L LlfiKIJCUN. 

And mu'zxk me wek ts snli'vn bor plsjurz, | 
But bor xz wun spot qxc xz dxr'ur ban oL, — | 

'Txz be land bat wx lxv* xn — | bs land bat wx lxv' xn, 
Q ! qor xz bs hart duz not $xrjk xt mor for. I 

Aan be bri'tsst ov sxnz ts qxc ne'6ur haz gxvn j 
Hur klxrsst ov sun and hur purest ov or ? | 



WULZX'Z SQLILQKWJ. 

(CEKSPXR.) 

Forwel', I a lorj forwsl', | ts o\ mi gretnss ! | 
Axs xz bs stet ov man* : | ts de hx puts ford 
As tsn'dur lxvz ov hop* ; | ts-mo'rco, blo'sumz, | 
And borz hxz blu'cxrj o'nurz Oxlo upoir hxm* : | 
As Qurd de, kumz a frost*, | a kx'lxrj frost* ; | 
And, — qsn hx Sinks, | gud, x'zx man, | ful curlx 
Hxz gret'nss xz a rip'nxrj, — | nxps hxz rst% | 
And bsn hx folz, | az L ds^. | 

I hav vsn'6urd, | 
Lik Ixtl won'tun baz N bat swim on bla'durz, | 
Axs ms'nx su'murz, | xn a sx ov glcoTi ; | 
But far bxyond' mi dsp& : | mi hi'-blcon prid | 
At lsrjft brok umdur mx ; | and ncp haz Isft mx, | 
Wx'rx and cold wxb sur'vxs, | ts bs mur'sx 
Ov a rud strxm, | bat must for s'vur hid v mx. | 

Ven pomp and glco'rx ov bxs wurld, | I het v yxv; | 
I fxl mi hart nu crpnd : | Q hep rs'6sd 
Xz bat psr man | bat hanz on prxn sxz fe*vurz ! | 
Aor xz, bxtwxxt' bat smil hx wud aspii" ts, | 
Aat swxt aspskt ov prxn'sxz, | and bor rxj'xn, | 



P R ft K T X K a. L ELfiKIICUN. 301 

Mcor parjz and fxrz | ban worz, or wi^msn hav* ; | 
And qen hx folz, | hx folz lik Lu^sxfur, | 
Ne'vur ts hop agen^. | 



WUL'ZI'Z F8RWLL ADRLS TO KROMWLL. 

(CEJTSFXR.) 

Kro3i'wel, I did not Sink ts csd a txr | 

In ol* mi mrzurxz ; | but bcp hast forst mx, | 

Ot ov bi o'nest truS, | ts pie bs wuanan. | 

Let's drr cpr iz v ; | and bus far hxr mx, Kronvwel: I 

And, — qen I am forgot'n, az I cal' bx, ] 

And slxp xn dul, kold mar'bl, | qor do men'cun 

Ov mx mor must bx hurd ov, — | se, Y tot bxv | 

Se Wul'zx, — | bat wuns trod be wez ov glo'rx, | 

And scpnded ol be depSs, and ccolz ov o'nur, — | 

Fcp nd bx a we, | cpt ov hxz rek, | ts riz* xm; | 

A cur and sef* wuiiv, | bo bi mas'tur mxst xt r \ 

Mark but mi fol, | and bat bat rirxnd mx. | 
Krom'WEi, I £arc] bx, flxrj awe' ambx v cun ; | 
Bi bat sxn fel bx en x c]elz, | hep kan man ben, | 
Ax I'mxcj ov hxz Me'kur, | hop ts win 1 bi 't t 1 | 
Luv biself last : | cVrxc boz harts bat het 1 bx\; | 
Korup'cun wxnz not mor ban ouiestx. | 
Stxl xn bi rit hand ka'rx cjen'tl pxs^, | 
Ts si'lens envxus turjz v . | 

Bx cjust and txr not : | 
Let ol bx endz bcp em'st at, | bx bi kun'trx'z, | 
Ai God'z,|and truS's* ; | ben xf bcp fol'st, o Krom'wel, | 
Acp fol'st a ble'sed mantur. | Q Krom'wel, | 
Had I but survd mi God | wxb haf be zxl 
I survd mi kxrj, | hx wud not xn min ecj | 
Hav left mx ne'ked ts min e^xmxz. I 
26 



302 P R A. K T X K A L E L 9. It IJ C U N. 

PIT'S RXPLI TK WOLPQL. 

Ax atrco'cus krim ov bx'xrj a yurj" man, | qx£ bx 
o'nurabl fjsn'tlman haz, | wxb su6 spx'rxt and dx'sensx, 
£arc|d* upon' mx, | I cal nx-bur atemt' ts pa'het, nor 
dxnL ; | but kon'tsnt miself wxb wx'cxrj | bat I me bx wun 
ov bcoz | hsz fo'lxz sxs wxb bar yu$ v , | and not ov bat 
nunvbur | hs ar xgncorant xn spit ov expxTxens. | 

Qe'bur yxjO kan bx xmpu'ted ts e'nx man az a rx- 
prcocV, | I wxl not asum' be pro'vxns ovdxturmxnxrj : | 
but cur'lx ec] me bxkum' cjust'lx kontsmtxbl, | xf bx 
oportu'nxtxz qx£ xt brxnz | hav past awe' wxbcpt' xm- 
prsv^ment, | and vis apxrz' ts prxvel' | qcn be pacunz 
hav subsided. | 

As re£ hs, aftur ha'vxrj sxn be kon'sxkwensxz ov a 
Scp'zand e'rurz, | kontxn'yuz stxl ts blun'dur, | and hsz 
ecj haz con'lx a'ded ob'stxnasx ts stupx'dxtx, | xz cur'lx 
bx ob'cjekt ov x'bur abhorens or kontemts | and dx'zurvz 
not bat hxz gre hed N | cud sxkur hxm from xn^sult. | 

Mu6 mcor xz hx'ts bx abhord' | hs, az hx haz advanst' 
xn ec], | haz rxsx'ded from vur 6u, | and bxkumz' mcor 
wx'ksd wxb les temtevcun : | hs pros'txtuts himself' for 
mu'nx qx6 hx ka'not encjcr, | and spendz be rxmenz' ov 
hxz lif | xn be ru'in ov hxz kuatrx. | 

But yu& xz not mi comix krim . | I hav bxn akuzd' ov 
ak'txrj a dxa^trxkal part*. | A Sxa'trxkal part | me xbur 
xmpli' sum pxkulxa'rxtxz ov cjes't^ur, | or adxsxmule'cun 
ov mi rx'al sen'txments, | and an adop'cun ov bx copxn'- 
yunz and larj'gwxcj ov anirbur man. | 

In be furst sens, | be 6arc] xz ts tri'flxrj ts bx konfir- 
ted, | and dxzurvz' con'lx ts bx men v cund | ts bx dxspizd^. | 
I am at lx'burtx, | lik e'vurx mbur man, | ts yuz mi con 



PRftKTIKi\L E L Q K U C U N. 303 

larj v gwxcj ; | and bco I me, purhaps', hav sum ambx v - 
cun ; | yet ts plxz bis ^sn'tlman, | I cal not le misdf' 
undur e'nx rxstrent/ | or ve'rx scoli'sxtuslx | ko'px hxz 
dxk'cun, or hxz mxm, | hcpE'vur rnaturd' bi ecj, | or mo'- 
dcld bi £xpxa*iEns. | 

If £nx man cal, | bi £arcjxrj mx wxb Qxa'trxkal bx- 
hevyur, | xmpli' bat I u'tur e'nx sen'txments but mi 
on, | I cal trxt hxm az a kalunrnxetur | and a vxJxn : | 
nor cal cnx prcotek'cun [ cel'tur hxm from be trxt'ment 
qxc hx dxzurvz v . | I cal, on su6 an okejun, | wxbcpf 
skru-pl, j tram'pl upon' ol bcoz formz | wxb qx6 wd& 
and dxg'nxtx entrencV bemselvz* : | nor cal e'nx dxi) but 
ec] | rxstren' mi rxzentment : | ecj qx6 ol'wez brxqz 
wun 1 pri'vilxc] : | bat ov bx'xrj xn'scolent and supursi'- 
lxus I wxbept' pu^nxement. | 

But wxb rxgard' ts bcoz hsm I hav ofen'ded, | I am 
ov copxn'yun | bat xf I had 1 ak'ted a borcod' part, | I 
cud hav avovded bar semcur. | Ae hxt bat ofen'ded 
bem | xz bx ar'dur ov konvxk cun, | and bat zxl for bs 
sur'vxs ov mi kun'trx | qx£ nx'bur hop nor fxr v | cal 
xn'fluens mx ts supres. | 

I wxl not sxt unkonsurnd' | qil mi lxburtx xz xnve x - 
ded, | nor luk xn si'lens upon' pub'lxk ro^burx. | I wxl 
£2-urf mi ende'vurz, at qote'vur ha^zurd, | ts rxpel' bx 
agre'sur, | and drag be Oxf ts cjus v txs,| qot pcf'ursoe'vur 
me prcotekt' be vxdanx, | and hse'vur me partek' ov be 
plu^dur. | 



304 PRAKTXKflLL K L Q K IJC U N. 

JOX v NXUS. 
(e x klnsid.) 
From he v vn mi strenz bxgxm ; | from hevn dxsendz' 
As iiem ov c]x'nxus ts be hu'man brest, | 
And luvx, and birtx, and poetxk cja, 
And xnspxre^cun. | Or be re'dxant sun 
Sprarj from bx xsV, | or mxd bs volt ov nit | 
As msn suspended hur sxrxmur lamp^ : | 
8r mcpmtxnz, wudz, or strxmz adornd' bs globs | 
Qr Wxz dum tot bs sunz ov msn hur lor ; | 
Aem lxvd bx Qlmrtx Wun ; | ben, dxp rxtird', 
In hxz unfa'Qumd e'sens, | vud bs formz, | 
As formz xturnal ov krxe ted xkrjz^ ; | 
As re'dxant sum, | bs msn'z nokturnal lamp*, | 
As mcpn'txnz, wudz', and strxmz^ | be rco'lxrj glob', 
And Wxz'dum'z mxn sxlesv£al. | 

From bs furst 
Ov dez, | on bsm hxz luv dxvim hx fxxk, | 
Hxz admxre cun : | txl, xn tim komplxt', | 
Qot hx admird' and luvd, | hxz vi'tal smil 
Unfol'dsd xnts bxvXrj. | Hens be brs& 
Ov lif xnfor'mxrj x6 orga'nxk frerm, | 
Hsns be grxn ur9% and wild rxzcpn'dxn wevz* ; | 
Hens lit and ced alturnet ; | worm$ and kold*, | 
And klxr otum'nal skiz, and vur'nal ccpmrz, | 
&nd ol be for vari'xtx ov Oxnz . | 

But not alik' ts e'vurx mortal i | 
Xz bxs gret sxn unveld v . | For, sxns be klemz 
Ov so'cal lif, | ts dx'furent le'burz urcj 
Ax ak'txv pcp'urz ov man, | wxb wiz xntent' | 
Ae hand ov Ne'6ur on pxkul'yar mindz | 



PRAKTXKA.L LLfiKKCUN. 305 

Imprints' a dx'furent bras, | and ts x£ 

Dxkrxz' its pro'vxns xn be ko'mun tcxK | 

Ts sum ex tot be fa'brxk ov be sfxr, | 

Ae cencpful msnv, | be sur'kxt ov be starz v , | 

As gol'dn zo3nz ov hs v vn : | ts sum ex gev 

Ts we bs mco'ment ov xturnal Sxrjz^, | 

Ov tiiHu, and spes x , and Fet's unbrco'kn cenv, | 

And wxl'z kwxk xm puis ; | uburz bi bs hand | 

Cx led co'ur velz and mcpn'txnz, | ts explor 

Qot hx'lxrj vur6u | swelz be ten'dur venz 

Ov urbz andflepmrz; |or qot bs bxmz ov morn* 

Dro for9\, | dxstx'lxrj from be klxf'ted rind 

Xn ba'mx txrz ( . | 

But sum ts hiur hops 
Wer des txnd ; | sum wxbxn' a frnur mold 
Cx rot, | and tem'purd wxb a pur'ur flem, : \ 
Ts bxz be Sir Omni'potent | unfoldz' 
Ae wurld'z v harmo'nxus vokyum, | bar ts rxd 
Ae tran'skrxpt ov hxmself . | On e'vurx part j 
Ae tres be brit xmpre'cunz ov hxz hand* ; | 
Xn ur& or or, | be me^dco'z pur'pl storzv, | 
Ae msn'z mild re^dxans,]or be vurcjxn'z form, j 
Bls'mxrj wxb rozx smhV, | be sx portred' 
Aat unkrxe'ted bu'tx | qx£ dxlits' 
Ae Mind Suprxrn. J Ae ol'so fxl hur £armz, 
Lnamurd ; | be partek' bx xturnal cjou. \ 



GRETNLS. 
(ek&nsid.) 
Se, qi woz man so e'mxnentlx rezd | 
Amxd' be vast krxe.cun? | qi ordend' 
26* 



3GC) PR&KTXKSYL ELfiKIICUN. 

0rs lif and dfc& | ts dart hxz pxrsxrj i, | 
Wxb Oot bxyond' bs lx'mxt ov hxz frenr, | 
Bat bat bx Omnx'pcotEnt mit send hxm fcorO, ] 
In sit ov mortal and x^mortal pcp'urz, J 
Az on a bcpnd'lss Bxatur, | ts run 
As gret karxr ov ejus txs : | ts ££rolt' 
Hxz cjs'nurus em ts ol dxvi nur dxdz. ; | 
Ts ces x£ par'cal pur pus from hxz br£st s ; | 
And Ors bs mists ov pa'cun and ov sens, ] 
And drs bs to'sxrj tid ov cans and pen, | 
Ts hojld hxz kors unfol-turxrj, | qil bs vas 
Ov Trud and Vurcxj, | up bs stxp ascnf 
Ov Ne'6ur, | kolz hxm ts hxz hi rxword v , | 
Ax aplo'dxrj smil ov Hzv.nl | 

Lis q or for burnz 
In mortal bs'zum bxs imk\v£nC£d hcop\ | 
Aat brxbz from de ts de subli'mur Sxrjz, | 
And moks pozr\cun ? | Qorfcor darts bs mind, j 
Wxb su£ rxzxst'ks ar'dur | ts smbres' 
Ma^sstxk formzv, | xmpe'csnt ts bx frr; | 
Spurnxrj bs grcos kontrcol' ov wxl'ful mit, ; | 
Prcpd pv bs stron konten'cun ov hur talz; | 
Prcpd ts bx do^rxrj f | Hs but ra'bur turnz 
Ts Hsvn'z brod fir hxz unkonstre'nsd vu, | 
Aan ts be glx'murxrj ov a waxn fierce ? | 
Hs bat, from Al'pxn hits, | hxz le'burxrj 1 
Csts rcpnd bs wid hcori'zun | ts surve 
Nidus or Gan'c|xz rco'lxrj hxz brit wev | 
@rs mqin'txnz, plenz, | Ors cm'pirz blak wxb ced, 
And kon'txnents ov sand, | wxl turn hxz gez | 
Ts mark bs vvin'dxnz ov a skan'tx rxbj 
Aat murmurz at hxz fxt ? I 



PR&.KTIKAL L L Q K IJ C U N. 307 

As hi'-born sol | 
Dxzdenz 1 ts rest hur hsvn-aspir'irj win. | 

Bxnxb' its ne'txv kwo.ri. I Tird ov urS 

1 

And bis ditir'nal sxn, | ex sprxrjz aloft' 

©rs fxldz ov or ; | pursuz' bs fli'xrj storm* ; | 

Ridz on be vo'lxd lit'nxrj Ors bs hsvnz ; | 

Qr, ycokt wib qurl'wmdz and bs norburn blast, | 

Swxps be lorj trakt ov de . | Asn hi ex sorz 

As blu profepnd 1 , | and huv'nrj rcpnd bs sun, | 

Bxholdz' hxm por'xrj bs rxdun'dant strxm 

Ov lit; | bxholdz' hxz unrxlsn'txrj swe | 

Bsnd bs rxluk'tant pla'nsts|ts abzolv 

As fe'tsd rcpndz ov tim v . | Asns far sfuzd' | 

Cx darts hur swift'nss | up bs lorj karxr' 

Ov dx'vxus ko v mxts : | -Qrs its burnirj sinz 

Le-ul txrj | me'jurz bs pers'nxal qxl 

Ov Ne,cur, | and luks bak on ol bs starz, | 

Hsz blsn'ded lit, | az wxb a mxl'kx zon v , | 

Invssts' bx o^rxsnt. | 

Ncp amezd' cx vltz 
Ax xmpx'rxal west, | qor hapx spx'rxts hold, | 
Bxyond' bxs korj'kev hsvn, | bor kam abod v ; | 
And fxldz ov re'dxans, | hsz unfe'dxrj lit | 
Haz tra'vsld bs profepnd' sxx Scp'zand yxrz N , | 
Nor yst arivz' xn sit ov mortal Sxrjz . | 
X'n on bs ba'rxurz ov bs wurld, untird', | ( 

Cx ms'dxtets bx xtur'nal dsp& bxlo^, | 
Txl haf rxko'lxrj, | depn bs hsd'lorj stxp 
Cx plurrtjxz ; | ssn o'urqslmd' and swo'lod up | 
In bat xmsns' ov bxarj. | 

Aor hur hops 
Rsst at bs fe'tal goh ; | for, from be bur$ 



308 PRaKTIKAL ELQKUCUN. 

Ov mortal man, | be suvrxn Me'kur sed, | 
Aat not in hum'bl, nor in brxf dxlit, | 
Not in be fe'dirj e'koz ov rxncpir, | 
Pcp'ur'z pur'pl rcobz, | nor Ple'jur'z flcp'rx lap x , 
A8 scol cud find entjcrment ; | but from bxz 
Tur'nin dxzden'ful ts an x'kwal gud, j 
®ru ol bx asent' ov dxnz enlarcj' hur vu, | 
Til e'vurx bcpnd at lerjS cud dxsapxr, | 
And in'fxnxt purfebcun kloz be sxn v . | 



PETIT R. 
[J3 Konvurse'cunal PIe s zantrj.~\ 

(FRaiJK'LXN.) 

Sum wxt ov old — | su6 wits ov old bor wer, 
Hsz hints cod mrnxrj, [ hsz alu'junz kor v , | 
Bi wun brev strok, | ts mark ol hu'man kind, | 
Kold klxr blank pe^pur ev'rx m'fant mind* ; | 
Qor, stxl, az op'nxrj sens hur dxk'tets rot, | 
For Vur'6u put a sxh, | or Vis, a blot r | 
Ae Sot woz ha'px, purtxnent, and tru, ; | 
MxSxijks' a cjx'nxus mit bs plan pursn. | 

I (kan yu par'dn mi prxzum'cun ?), [ I, 
No wxt, no cjx'nxus, | yet, for wuns, wxl tri v . i 
Ve'nus be pe'pur, verius wonts^ produs, ; j 
Ae wonts ov fa v cun, | e v lxgans, | and yus v . | 
Men ar az* vevrxus ; | and if rit I skan, | 
X6 sort ov pe'pur | reprxzents' sum man . | 

Pre not be fop v , | haf pcpdur and haf lesv ; | 
Nis az a band^-box wer hxz* dwevlxrj ples v ; | 



PRAKTXKAL ELQKIJCUN. 309 

Hx'z be gxlt x pexpur, | qx£ apart' yu stcor, | 
And lok from vul'gar handz xn bs skrutor v . | 

Mxka'nxks, sur'vants, farmurz, and so forS, | 
Ar ko N px-pepur, | ov xnfx'rxur wurfh ; | 
Lss prizds | mor yus w ful, [ for yur desk x dxkrxd* ; | 
Frx ts ol penz, | and promt at sv'rx nxd x . | 

As rs£, hsm a'varxs bxdz ts pxn£ and spor, | 
Starv, 6xt, and pxl'fur, ts snrx-6' an ar, | 
Iz kors brcpn x pe^pur, | su£ az psd'lurz £sz | 
Ts rap up worz, | qx£ bs'tur men wxl yuz x . | 

Tek next bs mi'zur'z kon^trast, | hs dxstmz' | 
HslS, fern, and for 6un, xn a rcpnd ov c[qz* ; | 
Wxl s'nx pe'pur ma6 hxnr 1 | Yes-, $rs(pt*; | 
Hx'z a tru sxrjkxrj pe^pur, | past ol dqpt x . | 

As rxtel polxtx'can'z arjk'eus Sot | 
Dxmz bxs sid ol'wez rit, | and bat stark not,, | 
Hx fcomz wxb ssn^cur ; | wxb aploz' hx revz x ; | 
A dup ts ru'murz, | and a tsl ov nevz x ; | 
Hx '] wont no tip hxz wxk'nss ts proklenv, | 
Qil su6 a \krj az fslz A kap haz a nern. | 

Ac hes'tx cjsn'tlman, hsz blud runz hi, | 
Hs pxks a kwo v rxl xf yu step arr, | 
Hs kant a cjest, a hxnt, or lulo, sndur. ; | 
Qot xz hr ? | Qot' ? | Tuc^-pepur ts bx cur . | 

Qot ar cpr posts, | tek bsm az be fok, | 
Guds | ba&, | nt\ | psr, | mu6' rsds | not rsd at oh ? 
Asm and bor wurks x xn bs sem klas^ yul find^ : | 
Ae ar bs. mxr west x -pepur ov mankind . | 



310 PRAKTIKAL ELfiKIJCUN. 

Ob'zurv be me v dn, | xmncosentlx swxt ; | 

Cx'z for qit N pevpur, | an unsu lxd cxt ; | 

On qx6 be ha'px man hsm fet ordenz', | 

Me rit hxz nenr, | and tek hur for hxz penz v . | 

Wun xn'stans mcor, | and coirlx wun v , PI brxrj v : 
'Txz be gret x mam hs skornz a lrtl Qxm ; | 
Hsz Sots, hsz dxdz, hsz max'xmz ar hxz con*, \ 
Formd on be fx'lxnz ov hxz hart alcorn: | 
Tru, cjen'yuxn, rcral pevpur xz hxz* brest ; | 
Ov ol 5e kindz mcost pre x cus, | purest, | best v . | 



MQ'ZXZ SMITH} AL ROK\ 

(W. a.. VAN VRftJJ v KEN.) 

On be parct plenz | be tribz ov Iz'rael le, | 
Fatxgd' and sad^, | ts rccjxn Surst* a pm; | 
In bat Ion rx'cjun, [ xn bat de'zurt drxr, | 
No strxm'let's mur'mur steal upon' bx xr. ; | 
No bruk pelu'sxd glanst xts lit alon', | 
Ts £xr be vx'jun ov bat fen'txrj &rorj v . | 
Not met bx i | sev Hco'reb'z rok bat frcpnd, | 
In gls'mx graivc]ur, on be sxn arqmd v . | 

At xts brod bes, | bxhold' be petaark standv, | 
And wxb hxz rod, at be Dxvin' komand', | 
Smit xts dark fruntx : | co'urod' bi Pqmr Suprxm', | 
Xts rxvn brest expeld' a korpxus strxm* ; | 
Ae nu'-born wo'turz pcord bar to'rents wid, | 
And fcomd and Sun'durd, dcpn xts kra'gx sid v . | 

At be glad scpnd x£ Hx'bru mu'bur bor | 

Hur xn'fant klaspt, | and Ivkt ts Hevn a pran : j 



PR&KTXKSIL ELQKIJCUN* JU 

J3a Srxld ol harts- ; | for 1g> ! be sun'bxmz pie, j 
In re'dxant glorrx, on be fla'cxr) spre | 
Aat dact its krxs'talz o'r be ro'kx pib, | 
ft bu'txus em'blem ov JDxho3 v va'z smil . I 



TIM\ 

(\V. &. V&N VR&IfKbN.) 

Mi si'lent and mxstx'rxus flit | 
Rxvxlz' x6 morn be glwrxus lit | 

Aat gxldz be pa'sxn yxn ; | 
I ne'vur stop ts rest mi wxn; : | 
Trium'fant on be blast' I sprxrj* — j 

Mi plu'mxcj, dark and sxr^ | 

On ward I spxd mi flit sublinr ; | 
Bxfcor' mx wx'burz manhud'z priniv, | 

Qil px'lar, dom, and tcpmr, j 
And ma'sx pilz, and tem'plz grand, | 
Li kruct bxnxb, mi i'urn hand* — | 

Rxzxstles xz mi pcpMir. | 

■ — Rxmors'les bcos'tur, hold* ! | bi wxrjz 
Me swxp asid' ur&'s x mi'txest &xrjz, | 

Mxr krx£urz ov an cpr v : | 
Acp kanst not rx£ be hevnlx blsm, | 
Sxles'6al txnts, and rx£ purform', | 

Ov Vur6u , z luvvlx flcp x ur. i 



312 P R A K T X K a L LLQKUCUK. 

AX AML'RIKAN FLAG*. 

(iJREK ftND H^LKK.) 

Qrn frx'dum from hur mcpn'txn hit | 
Unfurld' hur stan'dard ts bx or, j 
Cx tor bx ejur rob ov nit 1 , | 

And set be starz ov glo x rx bor v ! | 
Cx mxrj'gld wxb xts gorcjxus diz j 
As mxl'kx bol'drxk ov be skir, | 
And stript xts pur sxles'6al qit, [ 
Wxb strx'kxrjz from be mornxi) lit x ! j 
Aen, from hxz man'cun xn be sun, | 
Cx kold hur x x gl-borur depnv, | 
And gev xn'ts hxz mi'tx hand | 
As sxm'bol ov hur £oj'zn land ! | 

Macjss'txk mo'nark ov be klcpd v ! | 

Hs rxr'st aloft' bi rx'gal form, | 
Ts hxr be tsm'psst trumpxn. lepd, j 

And sx be lit'nxrj lan'sxz drxvn, [ 
Qen stridz be woryur ov be storm, | 

And rcolz be Oun'dur-drum ov hevn v ! 
VA\d ov be sun N I j ts bx ? txz gxvn j 

Ts gard be ba'nur ov be frr — J 
Ts hu'vur xn be suhfur-smcok, | 
Ts word awe' be ba^tl-strcok, | 
And bxd xts blen'dxrjz cin afar', | 
Lik ren'bcoz on be klqpd ov wor', | 

Ae har'bxncjur ov vxLtoDri ! | 

Flag ov be brev v ! | bi fcoldz eal fli, ) 
Ae sin ov heap and tri'umf h'v \ j 
Qen spxks bs sxg^nal-truixhpet's tcon, } 
And be lorj Hn kumz glx'mxrj on ; \ 



PRAKTXKAL Jl L Q K II C tl If. 313 



Or yet be lif'-blud, worm and wet, j 
Haz dxmd be glxs'nxn. bcyunet — | 
X6 scol'tjur'z i cal brit'lx turn, | 
Ts qor bi mx'txur glco\rxz burnv, | 
And az hxz sprxrj'xn, steps advans', | 
Kac wor and ven cjans from be glansx ! [ 
And qen be ka'nun'z mcp'bxrjz lcpd, | 
Hxv xn wild rx$s be ba'tl-crcpd, | 
And gco'rx se'burz riz and fol, | 
Lik csts ov flem on mxd'nit pol ! | 
Aor cal bi vxk^tur gla^sxz glco v , ( 

And kcp'urxrj fcoz cal fol bxnxb' | 
X6 ga'lant arm bat striks bxlco' | 

Aat luvlx me'sencjur ov de& v ! | 

Flag ov be sxz' ! | on co'cun'z wev, | 
Ai starz cal glx'tur co'ur be brev . | 
Qen deQ, karxr'xrj on be gel, I 
Swxps dark'lx rqmd be swe'lxrj sel, | 
And fri'ted wevz rue wil'dlx bak | 
Bxfcor be brod'sid'z rx'lxrj rak, | 
Ae di'xrj won'durur ov be sx | 
Cal lsk at wuns ts hevn and br, | 
And smil ts sx bi splen'durz fli, | 
In tri'umf co'ur be klc^zxn. \. | 

Flag ov be frx harts c^n-lx hconr, | 

Bi en'cjel handz ts va^lnr gxv v n ! | 
Ai starz hav Ixt be wel'kxn dconr | 

And ol bi huz wer born xn hevai ; | 
For e'vur flat* bat stan'dard cxt* ! | 

Qor brxbz be fa but folz bxfcor us, j 
Wxb frx'dum'z sal bxnxb' cpr fxt, | 

And frx'dum'z ba'nur strx'mxrj co'r us ! 
27 



314 PRA.KTXKAL h L Q K IJ C U N. 

MQ'TIVZ TK AL PRAKTIS OV DLNTLNES. 

(BL8R V .) 

Th prcomcot' be vurcu ov cjen'tlnes, | \vx ot ts vu cpr 
ka'raktur wxb an xmparcal i> ; | and ts lurn, from cpr 
con felxnz, | t8 gxv bat xndul'cjens qx£ xn cpr turn wx 
klern . | It xz prid N qx£ fxlz be wurld wxb sco mu£ 
hare nes and sxve^rxtx. | In be ful'nes ov self'-estxme- 
cun, | wx forget' qot wx ar . | Wx Idem aten'cunz ts qx£ 
wx ar not entivtld. | Wx ar rx'gurus ts ofen'sxz, | az xf 
wx had ne'vur ofe^ded ; | unfx'Ixrj ts dxstres', | az xf wx 
nu not qot xt woz ts sulfur. | 

From bcoz otx rx'cjunz ov prid and fo-lx, | let us dx- 
send' ts cpr pro'pur le^vel. | Let us surve' be natural 
xkwo'lxtx | on qx6 Pro'vxdens haz plest man wxb man 1 , | 
and rxflekt' on bx xnfar'mxtxz ko'mun ts oh | If 5e 
rxflek'cun on natural xkwo'lxtx and mutual ofen'sxz, | 
bx xnsufx'cent ts promt lucjma'nxtx, | let us a.t lxst 
rxmem'bur qot wx ar xn be sit ov cpr Krxe,tiir. | Hav 
wx nun ov bat forbo'rans ts gxv wun anu'bur, | qx£ 
wx ol so ur'nestlx entrxf from hev'n ? | Kan wx luk for 
kle'mensx or cjen'tlnes from cpr Due)', | qen wx ar sco 
bak'ward ts ceo xt ts cpr con breb'ren 'I \ 

Let us ol'sco akus'tum cpr'selvz | ts rxflekt' on be smol 
mco'ment ov boz \krjz | qx£ ar be yu'jual xnsen'txvz ts 
vi'colens and kontemcun. | In be ru'fld and an/grx cpr, | 
wx vu e'vurx apxr'ans drs a fols mx.dxum. | Ae mcost 
xnkonsx'durabl pant ov xn'turest or onur, | swelz xnts 
a mcomen'tus oUcjekt ; | and be sli'test atak' sxmz ts 
Sretn xmx'dxet ri^xn. | But aftur pa'cun or prid v haz 
subsi'dsd, | wx luk arcpnd' xn ven for be mi'tx mxs'6xfs 



PRMiTIKaL ELQKUCUN. 315 

wx dmded. | Ae fa'brxk qx£ epr dxsturbd' xmacjxne'cun 
had rxrd, | tco'talx dxsapxrz v . | 

Bat bo be koz* ov konten'cun haz dwxndld awe', | 
xts kon'sxkwensxz rxmen. | Wx hav el'yeneted a frendv; | 
wx hav embx'turd an emxmx ; | wx hav scon be sxdz ov 
fu'£ur suspx'cun, male'vcolens, or dxzgust. — | Let us 
suspend* epr vi'olens for a mco'ment, | qen ko'zxz ov 
dxs^kord okur . | Let us antx'sxpet bat px'rxud ov ksl'- 
nes, | qx6, ov xtself , wxl ssn ariv . | Let us rxflekt' hep 
lxtl wx hav e'nx pros'pekt ov ge'nxrj bi fxrs konten v cun ; | 
but hep mu6 ov be tru ha'pxnes ov lif | wx ar sur'txn ov 
Srco-xn awe. | X'zxlx, and from be smo'lest 6xrjks | be 
bx'tur wo'turz ov strif ar let feor^ ; | but bor keors 
ka'not bx forsxn v ; | and hx sel'dum felz ov su'furxn most 
from bor pa'znus efekt', | hs furst alepz' bem ts Ago . | 



ON AX IMPOR'TANS OV QR'DTIR IN AL DIS- 
TRXBIJ'CUN OV OR TIM V . 

(l3LOIi\) 

Tim wx ot ts konsx'dur | az a se'kred trust komx'ted 
t8 us bi Godv ; | ov qx£ wx ar nep be dxpo x zxtarxz, | and 
ar ts ren'dur an akepnt' at be lasU | Aat pcor'cun ov xt 
qx6 hx haz alo'ted ts us, | xz xnten'ded part'lx for be 
konsurnz ov bxs wurld,| part'lx for bcoz ov be next v . | 
Let x£ ov bxz o'kupi, | xn be dxstrxbu'cun ov epr tim, [ 
bat spes qx£ pro'purlx bxlonz* ts, xt v . | Let not bx eprz 
ov hospxta'lxtx and plejtrr, | xnturfxr wxb be dxs£arc]' 
ov epr ne^sesan aforz, ; | and let not qot wx kol ne'se- 
sari aforz 7 , | enkrcoeV upon' be tim qx6 xz du ts dxvcv 
cun. | Ts e'vurx Sxrj bor xz a sxzn, ] and a tim for 
cvurx purpus un'dur hev x n, | 



316 PR&KTXKA.L ELOKIJCUN. 

If wx dxle' txl ts-mo'rco, qot ot ts bx dun ts-de', | wx 
ovur£arc]' be mo'rco wxb a bur'dn qx6 bxlorjz' not ts v 
xt v . | Wx lcod x be qxlz ov tim, | and prxvent' bem from 
ka'rxxrj us aloij' smsbdx. | Hx hs s'vurx mor'nxrj planz 
be transak'cunz ov bs de, | and fo'loz ept v bat plan', | 
ka'rxz on a Orsd | qxc wxl gid hxm \>rs bs la'bxrxnft ov 
bs mast bx'zx lif. | Ax ordurlx arencj'msnt ov hxz tim 
xz lik a re ov lit*, | qx6 darts xtsslf drs ol hxz aforz. | 
But, qor nco plan xz led, | qor bs dxspco'zal ov tim | xz 
sursn'durd mxrlx ts bs 6ans ov xn'sxdents, | ol dxrjz li 
hudld t^gs'bur xn wun ke^os, | qx6 admxts' nx'bur ov 
dxstrxbwcun nor rxvM . | 

As furst rs'kwxzxt for xntrcodirsxrj or'dur xn'ts be 
ma'nxcjment ov tim, | xz, ts bx imprest' wxb a cjust ssns 
ov its vakyxj. | Let us konsi'dur wel hep mu£ dxpendz^ 
upom xt v , | and hep fast xt fliz awe v . | Ae bulk ov men 
ar xn nu'Oxrj mcor kaprx'cus and xnkonsxs'tent, | ban xn 
bar aprxcxecun ov tim. Qen be Oxrjk ov xt az be 
me'jur ov bar kontxn'yuans on ur$, | be hi'lx priz x xt, | 
and wxb be gre'test arjzi'xtx sxk ts lenSn xt cpt. | But 
qen be vxj xt xn se'paret par'selz, | be apxr ts hwld xt 
xn kontemfr, | and skwon'dur xt wxb xnkonsx'duret 
prcofkjun. | Qil be komplen' bat lif xz cort, | be ar ofn 
wx'cxn xts dx'furent px'rxudz at an end x . | Ku'vxtus ov 
cvurx u'bur poze'eun, | ov tim ondx be ar prod\Xgal. | 
Ae alcp' evurx i'dl man ts bx mas'tur ov bxs pro'purtx, | 
and mek e'vurx frx'vcolus okupe'cun wel'kum, | bat kan 
help bem ts konsum. xt. | 

Amur]' bcoz hs ar sco korles ov tim, | xt xz not ts bx 
expek'ted | bat or'dur cud bx obzurvd' xn xts dxstrxbiL- 
cun. | But, bi bxs fe'tal neglekt', | hep menx matx'rxalz 
ov sxvxr' and las'txrj rxgret' | ar be le'xn up xn stor for 



PRAKTIRAL LLCKEfCHN. 317 

bsmsslvzx ! ] As tim qxc be sir fur ts pas awe' xn bs 
mxdst ov konfu'jun, | bx'tur rxpsn'tans sxks af'turwardz 
xn ven ts rxkoK | Qot woz omx'tsd ts bx dun at its 
pro'pur mcyment, | arizxz ts bx bs torment ov sum 
fu'cur sxxzn. | Man'hud xz dxzgrest' bi be konsxkwsn'sxz 
ov nsglsk'tsd yu&. | Old ecj, | oprsst' bi korz bat bx- 
lond' ts a formur px'rxud, | leburz un'dur a bur'dn 
not xts an. | At bs kloz ov' lif, | be di'xn man bxhcoldz' 
wxb an/gwxc bat hxz dez ar fx'nxcxn, | qsn hxz prepa- 
re'cun for xturnxtx xz hard'lx komensU | Sue ar bx 
sfskts' ov a dxzordurlx west ov tim, | £)rs not aten'dxrj 
ts xts vakyu. | L'vurx $xn xn bs lif ov sue pursnz xz 
mxsplest^. | Nu'Sxn xz purformd' arit', | from not bx'xq 
purformd' xn du sx.zn. | 

But hx hs xz or'durlx xn bs dxstrxbu'cun ov hxz tim, | 
teks bs pro'pur me'Sud ov sske^pxn boz man'xfcold 
xMz. | Hx xz cjust'lx ssd ts rxdxnr bs tim v . | Bi pro'pur 
ma'nxcjmsnt, hx prolonz^ xt. | Hx lxvz muc xn lx'tl 
spesv ; | mor xn a fu yxrz, ban u'burz ds xn msvnx. | Hx 
kan lxv ts God and hxz on sol, | and, at bs semtim,! 
atsnd' ts ol bs lcful xn-turests ov bs present wurld v . | 
Hx luks bak on bs past, | and providz' for bs fu£ur. | 
Hx ka'Cxz and arssts' bx cfrz az be fh . | Ae ar markt 
depn for yus^ful purpusxz, | and bar me'mori rxmenz v . | 
Qoraz' bcoz cprz flxt bn bs man ov konfu'jun lik a 
ca v do. Hxz dez and yxrz ar x'bur blanks, | ov qxc hx 
haz no rxmsm'brans, | or be ar fxld up wxb so kon- 
fuzd'|and xrs'gular a sukss'cun ov unfx'nxct transak'- 
cunz, | bat bo hx rxmsm'burz hx haz bxn bx'zx, | yst hx 
kan gxv no akcpnt' ov bs bxz'nss qxc haz emplad* 
hxm. I 



27* 



318 P R ?V K TIKftL ElfiKIICUN. 

IN'DUSTRX NE'SESARX TO AX ATENMENT 
OV E'LQKWENS. 

(W8R.) 

Ae hxs'ton ov be wurld jlz ful ov tes'txmonx | ts prsv 
hep mu£ dxpendz' upon' xmdustrx ; | not an e'mxnent 
o'ratur haz lxvd but xz an eg-anrpl ov xt ( . | Yet, xn 
kontradxk'cun ts ol bxs, | bx ol'most yunxvur'sal fx'lxrj 
apxrz' ts bx, | bat xn'dustrx kan efekf nu x ^xi), | bat 
e'mxnens xz be rxzult' ov aksxdent,|and bat e'vurx wun 
must bx kontent' | ts rxmen' cjust qot hx me ha^pn ts 
bx . | Aus mul'txtudz hs kum forward az tx'6urz and 
gidz, | su'fur bemselvz' ts bx sa'txsfid wxb be most 
xndx'furent aten N ments, | and a mx'zurabl mxdxOvkrxtx, | 
wxbept' so mu6 az xnkwir'xn. hep be me riz hrur, | mu£ 
les me'kxrj e'nx atemt x ts riz v . | 

For e'nx u'bur art be wud hav survd an apren^txs- 
cxp, ( and wud bx acemd v ts prak'txs xt xn pub'lxk 
bxfeor' be had lurnd v xt . | If e'nx wun wud sxn, | hx 
atendz' a mas^tur, | and xz drxld xn be ve'rx elxmen'- 
tarx prxn.sxplz ; | and on'lx af'tur bs most laborrxus 
pro'ses, | dorz ts ex'ursiz hxz vas xn pubJxk. | Axs hx 
duz, | bo hx haz skors e'nx Sxn ts lurn but be mxkan'x- 
kal exxku'eun | ov qot liz xn sen'sxbl formz bxfor' bx i v . | 
But bx extem'porx spx v kur, | hs xz ts xnvent x az wel az 
ts u'tur, ( ts ka'rx on an opure'eun ov be mind | az wel 
az ts produs' scpnd, | en'turz upon' be wurk wxbcpf prx- 
pa'ratorx dx v sxplxn, | and ben wun'durz bat hx fek ! | 

If hx wer lur'nxn. ts pie on be flut for pub'lxk exhx- 
bx'cun, | qot cprz and dez wud hx spend xn gx'vxrj fasx'- 
Ixtx ts hxz fxrpgurz, | and ate'nxn, be pcp'ur ov be swx'- 
test and most expre'sxv exxku^cun ! | If hx wer dxvotxq 



PRaKTUiaL ELQKUCUN. 319 

hxmself' ts bx or'gan, | qot munSs and yxrz* wid hx 
le'bur, | bat hx mit no its kumpus, | and bx mas'tur 
ov xts kxz>, | and bx e'bl ts dro cpt, at wil, | ol its 
verxus kombxne'cunz ov harmo'nxus sqmd N , | and its 
ful rxc'nes and de'lxkasx ov expre\Cun ! | 

And yet hx wxl fan'sx bat be gran'dest, | be most 
ve'rxus and most expre'sxv ov ol instruments, | qx6 
bx xn'fxnxt Krxe'tur haz fa'cund | bi be yun'yun ov an 
xntelek'C-ual sol wxb be pcp'urz ov spx£, | me bx pled 
upon' wxbcpf stu'dx or prak v txs ; | hx kumz ts xt a mxr 
unxnstruk'ted trro,jand \krjks ts ma'nxcj ol xts stops, | 
and komand' be hoi kum'pus ov xts ve'rxd and komprx- 
hensxv pepmr ! | Hx findz hxmself' a burpglur xn bx 
atemt, | xz mortxfid at hxz fel'yur, | and se'tlz xt xn 
hxz mind for e'vur 5 |bat bx atemf xz ven . | 

Sukses' xn e'vurx art, | qote'vur me bx be natural 
ta'lent, | xz ol'wez be rxword' ov xn'dustrx and penz^. | 
But bx xn'stansxz ar me x nx, | ov men ov be fi'nest na'- 
dural cjx'nxus, | hsz bxgx'nxr) haz pro'mxst muc, | but 
hs hav dxcje'nureted re-£edlx az be advanst', | bxkoz' be 
trus'ted ts bor gxfts', | and med no e'forts ts xmprsv . | 
Aat bor hav ne'vur bxn u'bur men | ov x'kwal endcp'- 
ments wxb Dxmos'Sxnxz and Sx'sxro, | nun wud ven'cur 
ts supozv ; | but hs hav so dxvo'ted bemselvz' ts bor 
arts | or bxkum' x'kwal xn el^selens ? | If boz gret men 
had bxn kontent', lik u'burz, | ts kontxn'yu az be bx- 
gan', | and had ne'vur med bor pursxvxr'xrj e'forts for 
xmprovment, | qot wud bor kun'tnz hav be'nxfxted 
from bor cjxnxus, | or 8e wurld hav non ov bor fenr- ? | 
Ae wud hav bxn lost xn bx undxstxrj'gwict krepd | bat 
surjk ts oblx'vxun arcpnd^ bem v . | 



320 P R JV K T X K ft. L ELfiKUCUN. 

AR DXSTRUK'CUN OV SRNAKXRIB. 

(EriiUN.) 

Ax Asx'RXftN kem dcpn lik bs wulf on bs folcb, | 
And hxz kco'horts wsr glx'mxrj xn pur'pl and gcoldv ; | 
And be cxn ov bar spxrz woz lik starz on be sx, | 
Qen bs blu wev rcolz nit'lx on dxp GaJxlx. | 

Lik bs lxvz ov bs fo'rsst qcn su'mur xz grxn% | 
Aat hoost wxb bar ba'nurz at sunsst wsr sxn* : | 
Lik bs lxvz ov bs fo'rsst. qen o'tum ha& blan x , | 
Aat host on bs mo'rco le wx'burd and stron . | 

For bx en'c|sl ov dsS^ sprsd hxz wxrjz on bs blast, | 
And brxbd xn bs fes ov bs fo az hx past* ; | 
And bx iz ov bs slx'purz waxt ds'dlx and 6xl v , | 
And bar harts but wuns hxvd and for s'vur wsr stxl v 

And bor le bs stxd wxb hxz nos'trxlz ol wid v , | 
But Srs bsm bor rcold not bs brs& ov hxz pridv ; | 
And bs fom ov hxz gas'pxrj le qit on bs turf, | 
And kcold az bs spre on bs rok'-bxtxrj surf. | 

And bor le bs rrdur, dxstor'tsd and peh, | 
Wxb bs du on hxz brcp, and bs rust on hxz mek ; | 
And bs tents wsr ol srlsnt, | bs ba'nurz alcon x , | 
As lan'sxz unlxf tsd, | bs trumpxt unblonv. | 

And bs wx'do^z ov A'cur ar kpd xn bor weh, | 
And bx i'dolz ar brcok xn bs tsm'pl ov Be*al ; | 
And bs mit ov bs Den'til, | unsmot' bi bs scord, | 
HaB msl'tsd lik snco N xn bs glans ov bs Lord v ! | 



PRa.KTXKfl.L ELfiKUCUN. 32J 

LOKXNVAR, 

(SKOTV.) 

Q, yun Lokxnvar' xz kum cpt ov be wests | 
0rs ol be wid bor'dur hxz stxd woz be bestv ; | 
And sev hxz gud brod'sord, hx we'pn had nuiv, | 
Hx rod ol unarmd', I and hx rod ol alon . | 
So fe8'ful xn luv, and so dant'les xn wor, | 
Aar ne'vur woz nit lik be yurj Lokxnvar . | 

Hx sted not for brek, and hx stopt not for ston v , | 
Hx swam bx Lsk rx'vur qor ford bar woz nun* : | 
But, ar hx ali'ted at Ne'burbx get, | 
Ae brid had konsen ted, I be ga'lant kem let : | 
For a la'gard xn luv, and a das'tard xn wor, | 
Woz ts wed be far L'lxn ov brev Lokxnvar. | 

So, bold'lx hx en'turd be Ne'burbx hoh, | 

Amur)' bridz'men, and kxnz'men, and bru'burz and ol: | 

Aen spok be brid'z fa v bur, | hxz hand on hxz sord*, | 

(For be psr kre'vn brid'grsm sed ne'vur a wurd*,) | 

" Q kum yx xn pxs hxr, | or kum yx xn wor, | 

Or ts dans at qpi* bridal, | yurj lord Lokxnvar V | 

" I lorj wsd yur do^tur, | mi sut yu dxnid* ; | 
Luv swelz lik be Solwe, | but ebz lik xts tid* ; | 
And ncp am I kum, | wxb bxs lost luv ov min, | 
Ts Ixd but wun mejur, | drxijk wun kup ov win . | 
Aor ar me'dnz xn Skot'land, mor luvlx bi far, | 
Aat wud glad v lx bx brid ts be yurj Lokxnvar ." 

Ae brid kxst be goblet ; | be nit tuk xt up. ; | 
Hx kwaft of be win, and hx $ru depn be kup v . | 



322 PRaKTIKJVL ELfiKL'CUX. 

Cx lukt dcpn ts blue, | and ex lukt up ts sr, | 
Wxb a smil on hur lxps, | and a txr xn hur L \ 
Hx tuk hur soft hand, or hur mu'bur kud bar*, — | 
" Ncp tied wx a me jur 1" sed yurj Lokxnvar . | 

Sco stet'lx hxz form, and sco luvlx hur fes, | 

Aat nevur a hoi sue a gal'yard dxd gres* : | 

Qil hur mu'bur dxd fret, | and hur fabur dxd fum, | 

And be brid'grsm stud darj'glxrj hxz bonet and plumv ; | 

And be brid'-mednz qxspurd, | " 'Tww be'tur bi far |. 

Ts hav ma£t cpr for ku'zn wxb yurj Lokxnvan." | 

Wun tuc ts hur hand, | and wun wurd xn hur xr, | 

Qenbe rx£t be hol-dcor, | and be 6arcjur stud nxr v ; | 

Sco lit ts be krsp be for le'dx hx swurp, | 

Sco lit ts be sa'dl bxfeor' hur hx sprurjv ! | 

" Cx xz wun* ! | wx ar gon, | co'vur bank', buc' and skar ; | 

Ae'l hav flxt stxdz bat fo'leo," kwcoft yurj Lokxnvar . | 

Aor woz mepn'txrj 'mui) Gremz ov be Neburbx klan* ; | 
Fors'turz, Fenwxks, and Mus^grevz, | be rcod and be 

ranv*. | 
Aor woz re'sxrj, and 6e'sxrj, on Ka'ncobx Lr ; | 
But be lost brid ov Ne'burbx ne'ur dxd be sx . | 
Sco dorxrj xn luv, | and so dant'les xn wor, | 
Hav yx c'ur hurd ov ga'lant, lik yurj Lokxnvar ! | 



KAZABXAIfKA. 

(MRS. HX'M&NZ.) 

A*, ha stud on be bur'nxrj dek, 
Qens ol but hxm had fled*; | 

Ae flem bat lxt be ba'tl'z rek, | 
Ccon rcpnd hxm G3'ur be ded v . 



PRA.KTXK&L ELQKUCUN. 323 

Yst bii'txful and brit hx stud, | 

Az born ts rul be stornr ; [ 
A krx'£ur ov hxro'xk blud, ! 

A prcpd, bo SilcMik-fornii. | 

As flemz rold on x — | hx wud not go, | 

Wxbcpf hxz fa^bur'z wurd^; | 
Aat fa'bur, fent xn de$ bxlo', | 

Hxz was no lorj'gur hurd . | 

Hx kold alcpd' — | " Se, fa'bur, se* | 

Xf yet* mi task xz dun, ?" | 
Hx nn not bat be 6xftxn le | 

Unkon v cus ov hxz sun. | 

" Spxk\ fa^bur !" | wuns agem hx krid, | 

" If I me yet v bx gonx !" | 
And but be bs'mxrj cots* rxplid,, | 

And fast be flemz rold on . | 

Upon' hxz brcp hx felt bor bred, | 

And xn hxz we'vxrj hor; | 
And lukt from bat Ion post ov de$, | 

In stxl, yet brev dxspor . | 

And ccp'ted but wuns mor alcpd*, | 

" Mi fa'bur ! must* I ste, V \ 
Qil o'ur hxm fast, Srs sel and crcpd, | 

Ae rx'bxrj firz med we ; | 

Ae rapt be cxp xn splen'dur wildv, | 

Ae kot be flag on hi*, | 
And strxmd abuv be gadant 6ild, j 

Lik ba'nurz xn be ski . j 



324 P R A K T X K A L LLfiKUCUN. 

Aor kem a burst ov Quirdur sqmdv — j 
As bcr — | a qor woz hx x ? | 

Ask ov be wxndz v bat far arcpnd' | 
Wxb frag'inents strod be sx, ! | 

Wxb mast, and helm, and ps'nun for, 
Aat wel had born bor part* — | 

But be nobbiest $xrj bat pe'rxct bor, | 
Woz bat yurj feS'ful hart v | 



MXTXIj OV SE'TAN, SIN, AND DL0. 

(mxi/tun.) 

Mxn'qil bx ad'vursarx ov God and man, | 
Se'tan, | wxb Sots xnflemd' ov hiest dxsin', I 
Puts on swxft wir^, | and tco'ardz be gets ov Hel 
Lxplorz' hxz so'lxtarx fiit^ : | sum'timz 
Hx skcprz be rhV-hand kost, | sum'timz be left x ; | 
Ncp cevz wxb le'vel wxrj be dxp-, | ben sorz 
Up ts be fir'x koipkev, | tcprxrj hL | 

Az qen far of at sx a fixt dxskrid' | 

Harjz xn be klcpdz, | bi xkwxnok'cal wxndz j 

Klos se'lxrj from Bsngeda, | or bx ilz 

Ov Tur'net and Txdor, | qens mur£ants brxrj 

Aor spi'sx drugz^ ; | be, on be tre'dxrj flud, | 

Ors be wild X&xco'pxan ts be Kep, | 

Pli, | ste-mirj nit-lx to'ard be pok : | so sxmd 

Far of be fli'xrj fxnd . | 

At last apxr' 
Hel b(pndz\ | hi, rx'6xrj ts be ho'rxd rsf ; | 
And Sris Qrx fold be getSv : | Srx foldz wer brass j 



PRAKTXK&L &LQKIJCUN. 325 

©rx liim, | Srx ov adamantxn rolo 
Xmpemxtrabl, | xmpeld' wxb surklxrj firs | 
Yet unkonsumd . | Bxfcor be gets | bar sat, 
On x'bur sid, | a formxdabl cep* ; | 
Ae wun sxmd wu^man ts be west, and far ; | 
But en'ded fcpl, xn ms'nx a ske'lx fold,*! 
Vcolirrnxnus and vast, | a surpent, armd 
Wxb mor'tal stxr> ; | abcpt' hur mx'dl rq>nd, | 
A kri ov heh-hcpndz, ne'vur sx'sxrj, barkt | 
Wxb wid Surbx'rxan mc[bz N , | fcl lcpd', and rug 
A hx'dxus pxl v ! | 

Far les abhord' ban bxz | 
Vext Sx v la, [ be'bxrj xn be sx | bat parts 
Kala'bria ] from be hors Trxna'krxan can ; | 
Nor ug'lxur fo'lco be nit^-hag, | qen kold 
Xn sx-kret, | ri'dxrj Srs be or, ex kumz, | 
Lurd wxb be smel ov xnfant blud, | ts dans 
Wxb Lap'land wx v £xz, | qil be le'burxrj msn | 
Xklxp v sxz at bor carmz^. | 

Ax u ; bur cep, | 
If cep xt mit bx kold | bat cep had nun | 
Dxstxn'gwxcabl xn mem'bur, ejeint', or lxnr ; | 
Or sub'stans mit bx kold | bat ca^dca sxmd ; | 
For x6 sxmd x v bur ; | blak xt stud az nit*, | 
Fxrs az ten firrxz, | te'rxbl az Hek, | 
And cuk a dred'ful dart v ; | qot sxmd hxz hed | 
Ae lik'nes ov a kxrj'lx krepm had on v . | 

Se'tan woz ncp at handv ; | and from hxz sxt | 
Ae mon'stur, ms'vxrj, | on'ward kem az fast x , | 
Wxb ho'rxd stridz* ; | Hel trenrbld az hx strcod v . | 
Ax undan'ted fxnd | qot bxs mit bx admird>, | 
28 



326 PRaiCTHtAL LLQKIJCUN. 

AdmircT, | not fxrcl : | God and hxz Sun sksspt', | 
Krxe'ted Bin | not val'yud hx, | nor cund* ; | 
And wxb dxzden'ful luk | bus furst bxgan v : | 

" Qsns and qot art* bcp, | sx*xkrabl cep* ! | 

Aat darst v , | bo grim and ts*rxbl, | advans' 

Ai rnxskrxe'tsd frunt | aSwort' mi we 

Ts yon'dur gets* 1 \ Ors bsm I mxn ts pas*, | 

Aat bx acurd x , | wxbcpf Ixv askt ov bx,. | 

Rxtir v , | or test bi fo*lx ; | and lurn bi prsf , | 

HsF-born ! | not ts kontsnd' wxb spx'rxts ov Hsv v n ?" 

Ts hsm bs gob'lxn, ful ov ra$, rxplid', | 
"Art bcp bat tre'tur en'cjsl, | art bcp hx 
Hs furst brok pxs in Hevn, and fefr, | txl ben 
Unbrokn, | and in prcpd rxbsl'yus armz | 
Dru af'tur hxm bs Surd part ov Hsvirz sunz*, | 
Konc]urd' agsnst' bs Hi*sst, | for qx6 boS bcp 
And be*, | cptkast' from God, | ar hxr | kondsmd' 
Ts west xtur'nal dez xn wo and pen* ? | 

And rskmsst bcp bisslf wxb spx'rxts ov Hsvn, | 
Hsl'-dsmd ! | and brxbst dxfi'ans hxr and shorn, | 
Qor I ren kxrj, | and, ts snrecj' bx mor, | 
Ai 1 kxrj and lord* ? | Bak* ts bi pu nicmsnt, | 
Fols fu*(jxtxv ! j and ts bi spxd ad wxrjz x , | 
Lsst wxb a qxp ov skorpxunz | I pursu* 
Ai lxrj*gurxrj, | or wxb wun strok ov bxs dart x | 
Strencj* ho*rur sxz bx, [ and parjz unfslf bxfor ." | 

So spek bs grx'zlx tsrur, | and xn cep, | 
So spx'kxrj and so drst'nxrj, | gru tsn'-fold 
Mor drsd'ful and dxforrn . | On bx u'bur sid, | 
Inssnst' wxb xndxgne'cun, I Se'tan stud 



PRa.KTXKAL LLUKUCUN. 327 

Unte v rxfid, j and lik a ko'met burnd, i 
Aat firz be lend ov Qfxu'kus hue) j 
In bx ark'txk ski, | and from hiz ho'rxd har | 
Ceks pes'txlens and wor. | 

X6 at be hed x | 
Le'vxld hxz ded Ix em, ; | bar fetal handz | 
No se^kund strok xntend, ; | and su6 a frcpn 
Xt kast at bx u'bur, | az qen ts blak klcpdz | 
Wxb hevn'z artx'lurx frot, | kum rat'lxrj on 
Q'vur be Kas x pxan, | ben stand frunt ts frunt | 
Huvurxrj a spes, | txl wxndz be sxg'nal bio | 
Ts cjan bar dark enkqpn'tur xn mxd ar : | 

So frcpnd be mi'tx kom'batants, | bat Hel 
Gru dar v knr at bar frcpn, ; | so ma£t x be stud, ; | 
For ne'vur but wuns mor | woz x'bur lik 
Ts mxt so gret a fc3 v . | And ncp gret dxdz 
Had bxn a£xvd', | wharof ol Hel had run/, | 
Had not be sne'kx sor'sures | bat sat 
Fast bi Hel'-get, | and kept be fe'tal kx, | 
Rx'zn, and wxb hx'dxus cpt'kri ruct bxtwxn . | 



WUMUN. 

(KSVMEL.) 

In fja'us yud, qot sol had ne'vur non | 
0ot i ,fxlii), tests harmonxus ts xts on, ? | 
Hs had not pozd qil Bu'tx'z pen'sxv i | 
Askt from hxz hart be ho'mecj ov a sr ? | 
Hs had not ond, wxb rap'6ur-smxtn frem, 
Aepq'urovgres', | be ma'fjxk ov a nem, ? | 



323 PRAKTXKSYL ELfiKUCUN. 

Aor bx, purhaps', hs ba v ren harts avqv, | 
Kold az be roks on Tornxo'z ho'rx brepx ; | 
Aor bx, hsz luvles wxz'dum ne'vur feld, | 
In self'-adcorxn. prid sxkurlx meldv ; — | 
But tri'umf not x , yx pxs'-ena'murd Up ! | 
Fir', Ne^ur, JDx nxus, ne'vur dwelt wxb yu^ ! | 
For yu no fan'sx kon'sxkrets be sxn | 
Qor rap'6ur u'turd vepz, and wept bxtwxnv : | 
'T xz yurz, unmsvd' ts ss'vur and ts mxtv ; | 
No plec] xz se'kred, | and no horn xz swxt v ! | 

Hs bat wud ask a hart ts dul v nes wed,, | 
Ae wevles kam\ | be slunvbur ov be ded v ? | 
No^ ; | be wild blxs ov ne'&jr nxdz aler, | 
And fxr and so'ro fan be fir ov cjou ! | 
And se, wxbept' cpr hops\, wxbept' epr fxrz^, | 
Wxbept' be horn bat pli'ted luv^ endxrz*, | 
Wxbept' be smil from par'cal bu^tx wun,, | 
Q qot wer man v ? — | a wurld wxbept' a sun N ! | 

Txl Hi'men brot hxz luv-dxli'ted epr, | 

Aor dwelt no cja xn Xden'z ro'zx bepmr ! | 

In ven be vu'les se'raf Ixrj'gurxr) bor, j 

At sta'rx mxd'nit 6armd be si'lent or ; | 

In ven be wild'-burd ka'ruld on be stxp, | 

Ts hel be sun slo qxdxrj from be dxp^ ; | 

In ven, ts ssb be so'lxtarx ced, | 

Ex'rxal nots xn mxrj'glxrj mejur pled\ ; | 

Ae su'mur wxnd bat cuk be span'gld trx N , | 

Ae qxspurxrj wev x ,|bs murmur ov be bx\; — | 

Stxl slo'lx past be me'lankolx de, | 

And stxl be strervejur wxst not qor ts stm : | 

As wurld woz sad\ 1 | be gar'dn woz a wild* ! | 

And man, be hur'mxt, sid — | txl wu man smile 



PRAKTIKaL LLQKIICUN. 323 

SXNSKRXTX. 

(ti 4 lutsx.) 

Tru© and sxnse'rxtx | hav ol bx advan'tacjxz ov apxr' 
ans, and memx moor*. | If be ceo ov e'nx \krj bx gud, | I 
am clt be rxa'lxtx xz be tar; | for qi duz e'nx man 
dxsembl, | or sxm ts bx bat qx£ hx xz not% — | but bx- 
koz' hx xhqks xt gud [ ts hav- bs kwo'lxtxz hx prxtendz N 
ts> ? | Ncp be best we for a man ts sxnr ts bx e'nx bxrj, | 
xz ts bx xn rxa'lxtx q.ot hx wud sxnr ts bxv : | bxsidz, — | 
xt xz ofn az trublsum ts supcort' bs prxtEns* ov a gud 
kwo'lxtx, | az ts hav* xt : | and, xf a man hav xt not, | 
xt xz most lik'lx hx wxl bx dxsku'vurd ts wont N xt ; | 
and, ben, ol hxz le'bur ts sxm ts hav. xt, xz lost.. | Aar 
xz sunv&xrj unnatural xn pen'txrj, | qx£ a skxl'ful i | wxl 
x'zxlx dxzurn' from ne'txv bu'tx and kompleLcun. | 

Aer'fcor, xf e'nx man $xrjk xt konvxiryent tb'sxm gud, | 
let hxm bx seo xndxd* : | and ben hxz gud'nes wxl apxr' 
ts e'vurx wun'z satxsfaLcun. | Partx'kularlx, az ts bx 
aforz ov bxs wurld, | xnte'grxtx haS me/nx advan'tacjxz | 
co'vur ol bx artxfx'cal mcodz ov dxsxmule'cun and dxsxt v . | 
It xz mu6 be ple'nur and rzxur, — j mu6 be se'fur, and 
moor sxkur we ov dx'lxrj xn be wurld* ; | xt haz les ov 
tru'bl and dx x fxkultx, | ov entarj'glment and purpleks v - 
xtx, | ov dencjur and hazard xn xt . j 

Ax arts ov dxsxf and kumxrj | kontxn'yualx grco wx'- 
kur, and les surwxsabl | ts bcoz bat pra v ktxs bem ; | 
qoraz' xnte'grxtx genz strerjQ- bi yus* ; | and be mcor 
and loi]'gur e'nx man prak'txseft xt, | be gre'tur sur'vxs 
xt duz x hxm ; | bi konfur'mxrj hxz reputecun, | and en- 
ku'rxcjxrj bcoz wxb hsm hx haS ts ds, | ts rxpcoz' be 
28* 



330 P R A. K T X K & L ELQKUCUN. 

gre'test kon v fxdens in him ; | qx6 iz an unspx^kabl ad- 
vantacj xn bxz'nes | and bx aforz' ov lif. | 

But xnsmse'riti xz ve'ri tru'blsum ts ma^xcj. | A 
hx'pokrxt had sco me'ni dirjz ts atend' ts, | az mek hxz 
lif a ve'ri purplext' and imtriket dxrj v . | A li'ar had 
nxd ov a gud memcori, | lest hx kontradxkt' at wun 
tim, | qot hx sed at anu x bur ; | but trud xz ol'wez kon- 
sis^tent, | and nxdz nu'dxrj ts hslp xt cpt ; | xt xz ol'wez 
nxr at hand^, | and sxts upon' cpr lipsx ; | qoraz' a li 
iz tru^blsum, | and nxdz a gret me'nx racor ts mek xt 

Xn a wurd, | qotscoe'vur konvxn'yens me bx dot ts bx 
in fols'hud and dxsxmule'cun, | xt xz ssn o N vur ; | but 
bx xn'konvxnyens ov it iz purpe N 6ual ; | bxkoz' it brxrjz 
a man | un'dur an evurlas'txrj cje'lusi and susprcun ; | 
sco bat hx iz not bxlxvd' qen hx spxks be trudv ; | nor 
trus'ted qen, purhaps', hx mxnz o N nestli. | Qen a man 
had wuns forfxted be repute'cun ov hiz inte'grxtx, — | 
mrdxr) wil ben surv hiz turnv ; | nx'bur trud nor fols*- 
hud. | 

Indxd' if a man wer on'lx ts dxl in be wurld for a 
de, | and cud ne'vur hav okejun ts konvurs' mcor wxb 
mankind', | xt wer ben no gret ma^tur | (az far az rx- 
spekts' bx aforz ov bis wurld) | xf hx spent hxz repute'- 
cun ol at wuns v ; | or ven'Curd it at wun dro v . | But 
if hx bx ts kontxmyu in be wurld, | and wud hav bx 
advan'tacj ov repute'cun qilst hx xz in it, | let him mek 
yus ov trud and sxnse'rxtx | xn ol hxz wurdz and aiv- 
cunz : | for nu'bxrj but bxs wxl hrold cpt ts bx end,. | 01 
u'bur arts me feK; | but trud and xnte'grxtx | wil ka'rx 
a man drs v , | and bor him cpt ts be last. | 



P R SL K T X K 9. L LLfilUJCUN. 331 

AL YIJN'YUN OV AL STETS . 

[From an Mdres' dxh'vurd at Wo'cirjtun Si'ti, on be 

Sente'nial ov be Bur& ov Wo"cxrjtun'.\ 

(d. wkb x stiir.) 

Aor woz in be brest ov Wo'cirjtun | wun sen'txment 
dx'pli felts | sco kon'stantli u'purmcost, | bat no pro'pur 
oke'jun | eskept' wibcpt' its u^turans. — | From be le'tur 
qx6 hx sincl xn bxhaf' ov be konven'cun, | qen be kon- 
stxtu'cun woz sent cpt ts be px'pl, | ts be mco'ment qen 
hx put hxz hand ts bat last pe'pur, | xn qx6 hx adrest' 
hxz kun'trimen, | be yvwyun woz be gret obcjekt ov 
hxz \k)ts . | 

In bat furst le'tur, | hx telz bem bat ts him, | and 
hxz breb'ren ov be konven'cun, | yun'yun xz be gre'test 
xn'turest ov e'vurx tru Amea'ikan; | and, xn bat last 
pe'pur, | hx kontjurz' bem ts rxgard' bat yu'niti ov 
gu'vurnment, | qic kon'stxtuts bem wun px'pl, | az be 
ve'rx pale'dxum ov bor prospe'rxtx and seftx, | and be 
sxkxjTxtx ov lx'burtx itself. | Hx rxgar'ded be yun'yun 
ov bxz stets,|not sco mu6 wun ov cpr ble'sinz, j az be 
gret tre'jur-hcps qx6 kontend' bem oh | 

Hxr, xn hxz cjucj'ment, | woz be gret ma'gazxn ov ol 
cpr mxnz ov prospeTxtx ; | hxr, az hx Sot, | and az e'vurx 
tru Ame'rxkan stxl Sinks, | ar dxpo'zxted ol cpr ami- 
metirj prosvpekts, | ol cpr so'lxd hcops for fu'6ur greU- 
nes. | Hx haz tot us ts menten' bxs gu'vurnment, | not 
bi sx'kxrj ts enlarcj' xts pcp'urz on be wun hand, | nor 
bi suren'durxrj bem on bx u^bur; | but bi an admxnxs- 
tre'cun ov bem, | at wuns furm and mo.duret, | adap'- 
ted for ob'cjekts tru'Ix na cunal, | and ka'rxd on in a 
spiTit ov cjus'tis and e^kwiti. | 



332 P R 21 K T X K A L LLfiKUCUN. 

Ax sxtrxnv solx'sxtud for bs prszurve'cun ov be yun'- 
yun, | at ol timz ma'nxfsstsd bi hxm, | cqz not con'lx 8x 
copxn'yun hx snturtend' ov xts yus'fulnss, | but hxz klxr 
purssp'cun ov baz ko'zxz | qx6 wsr li'klx ts sprxrj up ts 
sndeircjur xt, j and qx6, | xf wuns be cud ovurSrco' bs 
prs'zsnt sxs'tsm, | wud lxv Ix'tl hop ov s'nx fo'£ur bsnx- 
fx'cal rxyur^yun. | 

Ov ol bs prxzum'cunz xndulcjd' bi prxzum'cxius man, | 
bat xz wun ov bs ra'csst, | qx6 luks for rxpx'tsd and 
fe'vurabl oportirnxtxz, | for bs dxlx'buret ssta'blxcmsnt 
ov a yunitsd gu'vurnmsnt, | co'vur dxstxrjkt' and wid'lx 
sxtsn'dsd komumxtxz. | Su6 a Sxn. haz hapnd wuns xn 
hu'man aforz', | and but x wuns. : | bx xvsnf standz ept, | 
az a pro'mxnsnt skssp'cun ts ol ordxnarx hiSvtrari ; | 
and, unles' wx supoz' cprsslvz' ru'nxr) xn'ts an ecj ov 
mx'raklz, | wx me not sxpskf xts rspxtx.cun. | 

Wocxrjtun, bsr'for, | kud rxgard', | and dxd x rxgard., | 
nu'Sxrj az ov pa'ramcpnt polx'txkal xn'tursst, | but bx 
xntsgrxtx ov bs yun'yun xtsslf. | Wxb a yuni'tsd gu'- 
vurnmsnt, | wsl admx'nxsturd, | hx so wx had nu'Qxi) 
ts fxr ; | and wxbept' xt, nu'Qxrj ts hcop v . | As ssn'txmsnt 
xz c]ust v , | and xts mcomsn'tus truQ-cud so Ismlx xmprss' 
bs hcol kun.trx. | 

If wx mit rxgard' cpr kun'trx | az pur'sunetsd xn bs 
spx'rxt ov Wo'cxrjtun; | xf wx mit konsx'dur hxm az 
rsprxzsn'txrj hur, | xn hur past rxncpn', | hur prs'zsnt 
prosps'rxtx, | and hur fu'£ur karxr', | and az xn bat 
ka'raktur dxmairdxrj ov us ol, | ts akqmt' for cpr koir- 
dukt, az pcolx'txkal msn, | or az pri'vat sx^txznz, | hep 
cud hx an'sur hxm, | hs dwslz purps'^ualx on lovkal 
xn.turssts, | and fanz s'vurx kxn'dlxn. flem ov lo'kal 
prs.cj^dxs? | Hep cud hx an'sur hxm, | hs wud are' stet 
agsnst' stet v , | xn'tursst agsnst' xirtursst, | and par'tx 



PRftKTXK?\.L ELQKIJCUN. 333 

agenst' partx, | kor'les ov be kontxn'yjuans ov bat yw- 
nxtx ov gwvurnment \ qx<$ hon'stxtvts us wun* pxpl. \ 

JDen'tlmen, | be pcolx'txkal prospe'rxtx qx6 bxs kun'trx 
haz atend', | and qx6 xt ncp encjaz', | xt haz akwird' 
men'lx $rs be xnstrumenta'lxtx ov bs pre'zent gwvurn- 
ment. | Qil bxs e'cjent kontxn'yuz, | be kapa'sxtx ov 
ate'nxrj ts stxl hi'ur dxgrxz' ov prospe'rxtx, | e^xsts' 
oJsco. | Wx hav, qil bxs lasts, | a pwlx'txkal lif, ke'pabl 
ov benxfx'cal e^urcun, | wxb pqyur ts rxzxst' or covur- 
kuur mxsfor6unz, | ts susten' us agenst' bx or'dxnarx 
ak'sxdents ov hu'man aforz%|and ts promcot', bi ak'txv 
cforts, | e'vurx pub'lxk xn^turest. | 

But dxzmem'burment | striks at be ve'rx bx'xn qx6 
prxzurvz^ bxz fa^kultxz ; | xt wud le xts rud and ruS'les 
hand | on bxs gret e'gent xtself . | Xt wud swxp awe', 
not on'lx qot wx pozes', | but ol pcpmr ov rxge'nxn lost, | 
or akwir'xrj nir pozexunz. | Xt wud lxv be kun'trx, | not 
ori'lx bxreft' ov xts prospe'rxtx and ha'pxnes, | but 
wxbcpt' lxmz, or or'ganz, or fa x kultxz, | bi qx6 ts esnrf 
xtself hxraf tur, | xn be pursut' ov bat prospe'rxtx and 
ha*pxnes. | 

IJ'bur mxsfor'6unz me bx b»rn v , | or bor efekts' ovur- 
kum>. | Xf dxzas'trus wor swxp cpr ko'murs from bx 
co'cun, | anu'bur cjenure'cun me rxnup xt ; | xfxt eg-hosf 
cpr tre'jurx, | fu'^ur xndustrx me rxple^nxc xt; | xf xt 
desolet and le west cpr fxldz, | stxl, un'dur a nn kultx- 
ve'cun, | be wxl grco grxn agen*, | and ri'pn ts fu'cur 
han vests. | Xt wer but a tri'H, | x'vn xf be wolz ov 
yon'dur Ka'pxtol wer ts krunrrbl, | xf xts lof'tx px'larz 
cud fob, | and xts gorcjus dekcore'cunz bx ol ku'vurd 
bi be dust ov be vaJx. | 

01 bxz mit bx rxbxlU I But hs cal rx'konstrukt be 



334 PRaKTIKAL ELfiKIJCUN. 

fa'bnk ov dxmo'lxct gu s vurnmsnt ? | Hs cal rxr agsn' | 
bs wsl proporcund ko'lumz ov konstxtu'cunal hoburtx? | 
Hs cal frem tsgs'bur bs skxl'ful arkxtsk£ur | qx£ yu- 
nits' na'cunal suvrxntx wxb stet s rits,, | xndxvx'cjual 
sxku'rxtx and pub'lxk prospsa'xtx 1 \ 

No 1 , cjsnalmsn, | xf bxz ko'lumz fol, | be wxl bx rezd 
not agsn . j Lik bs Kolxsx'um and bs ParSxnon, | be 
wxl bx dss'txnd ts a morn'ful, | a ms'lankolx xmorta*- 
lxtx. | Bx'turur txrz, hcps'vur, wxl flo o'vur bsm, | ban 
wsr s'vur csd o'vur bs mon'yumsnts ov Ro'man or 
Grx^can art ; | for be wxl bx bs rsm'nants ov a mor 
glo'rxus s'dxfxs | ban Grxs or Ram s'vur so 1 — | bx s'dx- 
fxs ov konstxtu'cunal Ams'rxkan kxburtx. | 

But, c[sn'tlmsn, | 1st us hop for bs^tur \krjZw | Lst us 
trust xn bat Grecus Bx'xrj, | hs haz hx'burts held cpr 
kun'trx | az xn bs ho'lo ov hxz hand^. | Lst us trust ts 
bs vur'6u and bx xnts'lxcjsns ov bs px^pl, | and ts bx 
s'fxkasx ov rxlx'cjus oblxgecun. | Lst us trust ts bx xn'- 
flxjsns ov Wo'cxrjtun'z s^anivpl. | Lst us hop bat bat 
fxr ov Hsvn, | qx£ sxpslz 7 ol u'bur fxr, | and bat rxgard' 
ts du'tx, | qx6 transsndz' ol u'bur rxgard', | me xn'flusns 
publxk msn and pri'vat sx N txznz, | and lxd cpr kun'trx 
stxl on'ward xn hur ha'px karxr . | 

Ful ov bxz gra'txfixrj antxsxpe'cunz and hops, | 1st 
us luk forward ts bx snd ov bat ssn'curx qx£ xz nqp 
komsnst v . | A hun'drsd yxrz iisns, | u'bur dxsi'plz ov 
Wo'cxrjtun | wxl ss'lxbret hxz burd, | wxb no Iss ov 
sxnsxi" admxre'cun | ban wx ncp v komsanoret xt v . j Qsn 
be cal mxt, az wx ncp mxt, | ts ds bsmsslvz' and hxm 
bat o'nur, | so cur'Ix az be cal sx bs blu su'mxts ov hxz 
ne'txv mqn'txnz | riz xn bs hori'zun; | so curlx az be 
cal bxhold' bs rx'vur I on hsz banks hx lxvd, I and on 



FRlKTIKaL LLfiKKCUN. 335 

hsz banks hx rests, | stil flo'irj ts be sx ; | so cur'li me 
be sx, | az wx ncp x sx, | be flag ov be Yunyun flo'tii) on 
be top ov be Kapxtol ; | and ben, az ncp v , | me be sun 
in hxz kors | vi'zxt no land mor ftx, | mor ha'px, | 
mor lirvlx, | ban bxs cpr on kunxtrx. | 



RXSLP'CUN OV KQLUM'BUS ON HIZ RXTURN 

TK SPEN'. 

(wO'CXIJTUN UR X VXIJ.) 

Ae fem ov hxz dxskirvurx had rxzcf nded Srscpt' be 
ne N cun ; | and, az hxz rcpt | le Ors se'vural ov be fi'nest 
and mG3st po'pulus pro'vxnsxz ov Spen, | hxz cju'rnx 
apxrd' lik be progresov asirvurxn. |Qore'vur hx past, | 
be surcpn'dirj kun'trx po^rd for$ xts inhabitants, | hs 
lind be rod and Srorjd be vrlicjiz. | In be larcj tcpnz, | 
be strxts ; wxn'doz, and bal'konxz, | wer fxld wxb x-gur 
spekte N turz, | hs rent bx or wxb aklame\Cunz. | 

Hxz cjurnx woz kontin'yuali xmpx'ded | bi be mul'- 
txtud | pre'sxrj t8 gen a sit ov hxm, | and ov be Im- 
dxanz, | hs wer rxgar'ded wxb az mu6 admxre'cun | az 
xf be had bin ne'txvz ov anu'bur pla*nxt. | It woz xm- 
po'sxbl ts sa'txsfi be kre'viij kurxo'siti | qxc aseld' him- 
self and hxz aten'dants, at e'vurx stecj, | wib inu'mu- 
rabl kwes^unz : | po'pular ru'mur, az yujual, | had 
eg-a'cjxreted be truS, | and had fild be nu'lx fcpnd kun'- 
trx wxb ol kindz ov wunxdurz. | 

It woz abcpt' be mxdl ov E'pril, | bat Kolum'bus 
arivd' at Barsilona, | qor e'vun prepare'cun had bin 
med | ts giv him a so'lem and magni'fisent rxsep^cun. | 
Ae bu'ti and sxre'niti ov be w^e'bur, | in bat cjx'nxal 
sx'zn and fe'vurd klimet, | kontri'buted ts giv splen'dur 



33G PRJVKTIKaL LLfiKUCUN. 

ts bat me'murabl seTimonx. | Az hx dru nxr be pies, j 
me'nx ov be mor yuQ'ful kort'yurz, | and hxdal'goz ov 
ga'lant borxrj, | tsge'bur wxb a vast korj'kcors ov be 
po'pulas, j kem for& ts mxt and wel kum hxrn . | 

Hxz en'trans xn'ts bxs no'bl sx'tx | haz bxn kompard 
ts wun ov boz tri'umfs, | qxc be Rco'manz wer akus'- 
tumd ts dxkrx' ts korj^kururz. | Furst wer pareded bx 
Imdxanz, | pen'ted akordxrj ts bar sa'vxcj fa'cun, | and 
de'koreted wxb tro'pxkal fe'burz, | and wxb bar na'cu- 
nal ornaments ov gold* ; | af tur bxz wer born ve'rxus 
kxndz ov liv pa ruts, | t^ge'bur wxb stuft' burdz|and 
a'nxmalz ov unon' spx^cxz, | and ror plants', supozd' ts 
bx ov prs'cus kwoNlxtxz : | qil gret kor woz te'kn|ts mek 
a konspx'kuus dxsple' ov In'dxan koronets, | bres'lets, | 
and u'bur dekore'eunz ov gold, | qx6 mit gxv an idx'a 
ov bs welS|ov be nirlx-dxsku'vurd rxxejunz. | Af'tur bxz 
fo'lcod Kolum'bus, on hors v bak, | surqm'ded bi a brxl'- 
yant ka'valked ov Spa'nxc cx^valrx. | 

Ae strxts wer ol'most xmpa^sabl from be kqmt'les 
muktxtud ; | be wxn'dcoz and bal'konxz wer krep'ded 
wxb be for ; | be ve'rx rsfs' wer ku'vurd wxb spekte*- 
turz. | It sxmd, az xf be pub'lxk i kud not bx seated | 
wxb ge'zxrj on bxz trco'fxz ov an unnon' wurlds | or on 
be rxmarkabl man bi hsm xt had bxn dxsku^vurd. | Aor 
woz a sublx'mxtx xn bxs xvenf, | bat mxrj'gld a so'lem 
fxlxrj wxb be pub'lxk cja . | It woz lukt upon' az a vast 
and sxg'nal dxspense'cun ov Provxdens, | xn rxword' 
for be pixtx ov be mo^narks ; | and be macjes'txk and 
venurabl apxr'ans ov be dxsku'vurur, | so dx'furent 
from be yu& and bs'yansx | bat ar <^e'nuralx expek'ted 
from ro'vxrj en'turpriz, | sxmd xn har'monx wxb bs 
gran cjur and dx'gnxtx ov hxz acoc^ment. | 



P R fl. K T K K A L ELQKCCUN. 337 

Ts rxsxv' hxm wxb swtabl pomp and dxstxrjkcun, | 
bssu'vurxnz had ordurd bar Sron ts bx plest xn pub^ 
lxk, | un'dur a rx£ ka'ncDpx ov broked' ov gold", | xn 
a vast and splsn'dxd salsn . | Hxr bs kxi) and kwxn 
awe'ted hxz ari'val, ( sx'tsd xn stet wxb bs prxns JDjtr'an 
bxsid* bem, | and aten'ded bi be dxgnxtarxz ov bar 
kort, | and bs prxn'sxpal nobx'lxtx ov Kastxh, | Va- 
len'cxa, | Kataiornxa, | and A x ragon, | ol xmpe'csnt ts 
bxhoid' bs man, | hs had kon'furd so xnkal'kulabl a 
bs'nxfxt upon' bs nexun. | 

At lsn& Kolum'bus sn'turd bs hols | surcpn'ded bi a 
brxlyant krc[d ov kavalxrzs | amun/ hsm, ssz Las Ka'- 
sus, | hx wuz konspx'kuus for hxz stet'lx and koman'dxi) 
pursn, | qx6, wxb hxz kqm'txnans rsn durd vs'nurabl 
bi hxz gre harz, | gev hxm bx ogust' apxrans ov a se r - 
natur ov Rouh. | A mo'dsst smil li-tsd up hxz fx v 6urz, | 
co'xn bat hx sncjad' bs stet and glo'rx xn qx£ hx kenr ; | 
and sur'txnlx nu'$xrj kud bx mor dxpdx ms'vxrj, | ts a 
mind xnflemd' bi nobl ambx'cun, | and kon'cus ov 
ha'vxn. gret'lx dxzurvd' | ban wsr bxz tsstxmo'nxalz | ov 
bx admxre'cun and gra'txtud ov a ne cun, | or ra'bur 
ov a wurldv. | 

Az Kolum'bus apro£t', bs su'vurxnz rozs | az xf rxsx'- 
vxn a pur'sn ov bs hisst rank,. | Bsn'dxrj hxz nxz, | hx 
rxkwss'tsd ts kxs bar handzv ; | but bar woz sum hszi- 
te^cun on be part ov bar ma'cjsstxz | ts purmxt* bxs akt 
ov va^salecj. | Re'zxrj hxm xn be most grccus ma'nur, | 
be or'durd hxm ts sxt hxmsslf' xn bar prs v zsns ; | a rar 
o'nur xn bxs prcr d and punktx'lxus kort. | 

At bs rxkwssf ov bar ma'cjsstxz, | Kolum'bus nqp 
gev an akcpnt' ov bs most stri'kxn xvsnts' ov hxz vo v xcj, | 
and a dxskrxp'cun ov bx i'landz qx£ hx had dxsku^vurd. | 
29 



338 PRftKTIKaL hLfiKIJCUN. 

Hx dxspled' be spe'sxmenz hx had brot | ov unncon'burdz 
and ubur a^xmalz ; | ov ror plants', |ov medx'sxnal 
and arcoma'txk vui\£u ; | ov ne'txv gold*, | in dust/, | in 
krud ma'sxz, | or le'burd xn'ts barba'rxk ornaments; | 
and, abuv ol, | be ne txvz ov bxz kun^trxz, | hs wer 
ob'cjekts ov intens' and xnes-hos'txbl xnJurest ; | sins 
bar xz nu'Sxrj ts man | so ku'rxus az be vari'xtxz ov 
hxz con spx^exz. | 01 bxz hx prconcpnst' mxr harbxncjurz 
ov gre'tur dxsku'vurxz | hx had yet ts mefc, \ qx£ wud 
ad relmz ov xnkal'kulabl welOjts be dcomxn ; yunz ov 
bar ma'cjestxz, | and hoi ne eunz ov pro'sxlits ts be tru 

fed;. I 

As wurdz ov Kolumbus | wer lxsnd ts wxb prcofq;nd' 
xmco'cun bi be su,vurxnz. | Qen hx had fo'nxet, | be sui]k 
on bar nxz x , | and re'zxij bar klaspt handz ts hevn, | bar 
iz fold wxb txrz ov cja and gra'txtud, | be pcord fcor$ 
Sarjks and pre'zxz ts God for so gret a pmvxdens ; | ol 
pre-zent fo'lod bar esamvpl ; | a dxp and so'lem enSu'- 
zxazm | purve'ded bat splen/dxd asenvblx, | and prx- 
ven'ted ol ko'mun aklame'cunz ov trrumf. 

Ax an'Bem ov Te Desm lepda'mss, \ Wanted bi be 
kwir ov be ra'al 6a'pel, | wxb be mdco'dxus akum'pa- 
nxmsnts ov bx instruments, | rcoz up from be mxdst, | 
xn a ful bo'dx ov se'kred harmconx, | barxr) up, az xt 
wer, | be fx'lxnz and Sots ov bx o'dxturz ts he*vn, J ' sco 
bat,' sez be venurabl Las Ka'sus, \ ' xt sxmd az if xn 
bat cpr be komu'nxketed wxb sxles x £al dxlits .' | Su6 
woz be so lem and pi'us manur | xn qxc be brxlyant 
kort ov Spen | se'lxbreted bxs sublim' xvent, : | o'furxrj 
up a gret'ful trx'but ov ms'lcodx and prez> ; | and gx'vxi) 
glo'rx ts God for be dxsku'vurx ov anu'bur wurld . | 

Qen Kcolum'bus rxtird' from be ra'al pre'zens, | hx 



PRAKTXKA.L P. L Q K IJ C II N. 339 

woz aten'ded ts hxz re'zxdens bi ol be krart*, | and fo'lod 
bi be cqvtiij po x pulas. | For me'nx dez v hx woz bx 
ob'cjekt ov yunxvur'sal kurxo^siti, | and qore'vur hx 
apxrd', | hx woz surqm'ded bi an admir'in muktxtud. | 



A'DAMZ AND DLTURSN. 
(wuRr.) 

In be struk'cur ov bor ka'rakturz ; | xn be kcors ov 
bar ak'cun ; | xn be stri'kxn kcDin'sxdensxz qxc markt 
bar hi karxr ; | xn be livz and xn be de8s* ov bxz xlus'- 
trxus men, | and xn bat vtxs ov admxre'cun and gra'- 
txtud | qxc haz sxns burst wxb wun akord', | from be 
twelv mxl'yunz ov frx'men hs px'pl bxz stets, | bar xz a 
mo'ral subix'mxtx qxc covurqelmz' be mind', | and hu'cxz 
ol its pcp'urz xn'ts si'lent amezanent. | 

Ae Yuropx'an, | hs cud hav hurd be sqmd |wxbcpt' 
aprxhen'dxi] be koz, | wud bx apt ts xnkwir', — | ' Qot 
xz be mx'nxn ov ol bxs* ? | qot hav bxz men duir | ts 
xlxsxt bxs yunan'xmus and splen'dxd aklame^cun? | Qi 
haz be hcol Ams'rxkan ne'cun rx'zn up, az wun mam, | 
ts ds bem o'nur, | and o-fur ts bem bxs enSuzxas'txk 
hom'ecj ov be hartv ? | Wer be mi/tx woryurz, | and 
woz 8e pxl bat wx hav hurd, be ccpt ov vxk'tcori ? | 

< Wer be gret koman'durz, | rxturnxrj from bor dxs'- 
tant korj'kwests, | surqm'ded wxb be spalz ov wor, | 
and woz bxs be scr- nd ov bor trium'fal projse'cun ? J Wer 
be ku'vurd wxb mar'cal glco'rx xn e nx formv, | and woz 
bxs be na'zx wev ov be mul'txtud, | ro'lxrj bak at bar 
aprcoc- V | Nu'&xrj ov ol bxs* : | Ngk ; | be wer pxs'ful 
and e'^edpa v trxuts, | hs, ha'vxrj survd bor kun'trx ts- 



3 JO PRAKTIKM MD K L T CUN. 

ge'bur, | Ors bar lorj and yus'ful livz, | had nop surjk 
t^ge'bur ts be tsrru | 

Ae had not fot ba^tlz ; | but be had formd and msvd 
be gret macx'nurx, | ov qx6 ba'tlz wer goivIi a smol, | 
and. kompa'ratxvlx, trrvial konvsxkwens. | Ae had not 
koman'ded armxz ; | but be had koman'ded be mas'tur 
sprxrjz ov be ne^cun, | on qx£ ol its gret pcolx'txkal,|az 
wsl as mx'lxtarx msvments, dxpen^ded. | Bi be wxz'dum 
and e'nurcjx ov bar kq;n'selz, | and bi be portent mas'- 
turx ov bar spx'rxts, | be had kontrx'buted prxe'mxnentli 
ts prcodus' a mi'tx revolu'cun, | qx6 haz £encjd bx as ; - 
pekt ov be wurld . | 

A revcolu'cun qx£, xn wun-haf ov bat wurld, | haz 
olre'dx rxstcord' man ts hxz ' lorj lost lx x burtx ;' | and 
gu'vurnment ts xts con'lx lxcjx'txmet ob x cjekt, | be ha'px- 
nes ov be px^pl : | and. on bx u'bur he'mxsfxr, | haz 3ron 
a lit so strorj, | bat x'vn be dar'knes ov des v potxzm xz 
bxgx'nxrj ts rxsxd^. | 

Kompard wxb be so'lxd gla'rx ov an afovment lik 
bxs, | qot ar bat^lz, | and qot be pomp ov war, | but be 
psr and flx'txrj pa-'cjents ov a Qx^atur? | Qot wer be 
sehfic and petx stridz ov iUexamdur, | ts korjkur a Ix'tl 
sek'cun ov a sa'vxc] wurld 4 , | kompard' wxb bxs cje'nu- 
rus, bxs magnx'fxsent advans' | tco'ardz bx xmansxpe'- 
cun ov bx entir wurld ! | 

And bxs, bx xt rxmem'burd, | haz bxn be fat ov xn- 
telek^ual eermcun ! | be tri'umf ov mindv ! | Qot a prcpd 
tes'txmconi|duz xt bar ts be ka'raktur ov cpr ne'cun, | bat 
xt xz e'bl ts mek a pro'pur es'txmet | ov sur'vxsxz lik 
bxz^ ! | Aat qil, xn u'bur kun'trxz, | be sens'les mob fol 
dcpn xn stu'pxd admxre'cun, | bxfor' be blu'dx qxlz ov 
be korj'kurur — | x'vn ov be korj'kurur bi alrsxdent — | xn 



PRAKTXKA.L h L P. X II C II N. 311 

bxs, cpr px'pl riz, wxb wan akord', | ts pe bor honrecj 
ts xn'tslskt and vuncu ! | 

Qot a 6xnrj plscj duz it giv ov be stabx'lxti ov cpr 
xnstitircunz, | bat qil abrod', | bs yet bxni'tsd mul'tx- 
tud j ar prostre'tirj bsmsslvz' bxfor bx i'dolz | qic bor 
on handz hav fa'cund mts kirjz, | hxr, xn bis land ov 
be frx, j cpr px'pl ar s'vuri qor startxrj up wxb wun xm'- 
puls, | ts folGD wxb bor aklame'cunz | bx asen'dirj spir- 
its ov be gret fa'burz ov bs rxpubjxk ! | 

Ais iz a spsk'takl | ov qic wx me bx purmrtsd ts bx 
prcpd v . | It o'nurz cpr kun'trx no lss ban bx xlus'trxus 
dsd 4 . | And kud bxz gret pa'tnuts spxk ts us from be 
tsm, | be wud tsl us bat be hav mor pls'jur in be tss'- 
timoni, | qi6 bxz o'nurz bor ts bs ka'raktur ov bor 
kun'tn, | ban in bat qi6 be bor ts bor individual 
sunvisiz. | 

Ae ncp sx az be wsr sxn, qil in bs bo'di, | and no bs 
ne'^ur ov bs fx'lirj from qi£ bxz o'nurz flon | It iz luv 
for luv . | It iz bs gra'titud ov an snli'tnd ne'eun | ts 
bs no'blsst ordur ov bsnifak.turz. | It xz bx con'lx glorri 
wurbi bx aspire'cun ov a cjs'nurus spirit. | Hs wud 
not prxfur' bis lx'vin tsm xn bs harts ov hxz kun'trx- 
msn, | ts bs prcp'dsst mosolx'um bat bs cjx'nxus ov 
skulp'cur kud xrsktv ! | 

Dcfursn and A'dainz wsr gret msn bi ne^ur. | Not 
gret and skssirtrik mindz, | 'cot mad'lx from bor 
sfxrz,' | ts afrit' bs wurld and ska'tur pss'txlsns xn bor 
kcors, | but mindz hsz strorj and sts'dx lits, | rxstrend' 
wibin' bor pro'pur orbits | bi bs ha'px paz ov bor 
karakturz, | kern ts £xr and gla-dn a wurld | bat had 
bin bs'nd for e'ejiz in palx'txkal nit v . | 

Ae wsr hsvn-kold avsn'cjurz ov dxgre'dsd man . i Ae 
29* 



342 PRaKTUCaL elqkucun. 

kem ts lift him ts be ste'cun for qi£ God had formd* 
himv, | and ts put ts flit boz I'diut supurstrcunz, | wib 
qi£ ti'rants had kontrivd' ts inQrol' hiz rx'zn and hiz 
li^burti. | And bat Bx'irj, hs had sent bem upon' bis 
micun, | had fi'ted bem, prxe'mmentli, for hiz glo'- 
nus wurkv. | Hx fild bar harts wib a luv ov kun'tn | 
qic burnd stron wibin' bem, x'vn in de&. | Hx gev 
bem a pcp'ur ov undurstan'din | qi£ no so N fistn kud 
ba^fl, | no art xludx ; | and a mo'ral he'roizm | qi£ no 
den'cjurz kud apoL | 

Karles ov bemselvz', | rek'les ov ol pur'sunal kon'si- 
kwensiz, | tram'plin un'dur fut bat pe'ti ambi'cun ov 
o'fis and o'nur, | qi6 kon'stituts be mas'tur pa'cun ov 
li'tl mindz, | be bent ol bar mi'ti pq/urz | ts be task for 
qic be had bin de^ligeted — | be frx'dum ov bar bxlu'ved 
kun^tri, .| and be restore'cun ov foln man . | Ae felt bat 
be wer apos'lz ov hu-man lrburti ; | and wel did be 
fulfil' bor hi komi\Cun. | Ae res'ted not til be had akom'- 
plict bor wurk at horn, | and givn su6 an im'puls ts 
be gret o'cun ov mind | bat be so be wevz ro'lin on be 
far 'best cor\|bxfor' be wer kold ts bar rxwordw | And 
ben left be wurld, hand in hand, | e^ul'tin, az be roz, 
xn be sukses' ov bor taburz. I 



ADRES' TK A YUJJ STLTDLNT. 

(viSE'SXMTIS NOXS D.D.) 

Yur pa'rents hav wo6t o'vur yur help'les in'fansi, | 
and konduk'ted yu,wib me'ni a pan, | ts an ecj at qi£ 
yur mind iz ke'pabl ov man'li imprsvMnent. | Aor solr- 
situd stil kontmyuz, | and no tru'bl nor expens' iz 
spard, | in gi'vin yu ol bx instruk'cunz and akom'- 



PR&KTXKAL UfiKKCUN. 343 

plxcments | qx6 me ene'bl yu ts akt yur part in lif,|az 
a man ov polxct sens and konfurmd' vui\6u. | 

Yu hav, ben, | olre'dx kontrak'ted a gret det ov 
gra^txtud ts bem v . | Yu kan pe xt bi no u'bur me'Sud, | 
but bi yu'zxrj pro'purlx | bx advan'tacjxz qx£ bor gud'- 
nes haz aforded yxj . | If yur an ende'vurz ar dxfx'- 
cent, | xt xz xn ven bat yu hav tmturz, ] bu ks, | and 
ol bx exturnal apare'tus ov lxtura'rx pursuts ( . | Yu 
must Iuv v lunnxrj, | xf yu wud pozes* xU | In or'dur ts 
luv xt, I yu must fxl xts dxlits 1 ; | xn or'dur ts fxl xts 
dxlits', | yu must apli' ts xt,jh(pevur urk'sum at furst, ! 
kloslx, | koustantlx, | and for a konsx'durabl tim. | 

If yu hav rezolu'cun xnuf ts ds bxs, [ yu ka'not but 
luv' lunnxrj ; | for be mind ol'wez luvz bat | ts qx£ xt 
haz bxn so Ion, | ste'dxlx, | and vo'luntarxlx ata£t. | 
Ha'bxts ar formd, | qx6 ren'dur qot woz at furst dxsa- 
grx'abl, | not onlx ple'zant, but ne sesari. | Ple'zant, 
xndxds | ar ol be pabz qxc lxd ts polit' and e'lxgant 
lx^turatur. | Yirrz, ben, xz curlx a lot partx^kularlx 
ha.px. | Ylt ecjukecun xz ov sud a sort, | bat xts 
prxn'sxpal skop | xz ts prxpoi" yu ts rxsxv a rxfind' 
ple'jUr du'rxrj yur lif . | 

E'lxgans, or de'lxkasx ov test, | xz wun ov be furst 
oh'cjekts ov kla'sxkal dxsxplxn ; | and xt xz bxs fin kwo'- 
lxtx | qx6 o'pnz a nu wurld ts be sko'lar'z vu. | E'lx- 
gans ov test | haz a konek'cun wxb me'nx vurScrz, | and 
ol ov bem vur'duz ov be most e'mxabl kind^. | It tendz 
ts ren'dur yu at wuns gud and agrx^abl ; | yu must 
ber'for bx an e'nxmx ts yur on encjcrment, | xf yu en'- 
tur on be dx'sxplxn | qx£ lxdz ts bx atenment ov a kla'- 
sxkal and lx'bural ecjuke'cun wxb rxluLtans. | Val'yu 



314 PK&KTXKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

du'lx bx oportu'nxtxz yu sncjau, | and qxc ar dxnid' te 
tkp'zandz ov yur fdco-krrcurz. | 

Bi le'xi) xn a stcor ov yus'ful no'kcj, | adornxr) yur 
mind wxb 8'lxgant lx'turatur, | xmprs'vxi] and sstab'lx 
cxrj yur kon'dukt bi vur'6uus prxn'sxplz, | yu ka'not fe) 
ov bx'xrj a kum'furt ts bcoz frcndz hs hav supcor ted 
yux, | ov bx'xrj ha'px wxbxn' yurself , | and ov bx'xi) wel 
rxsxvd' bi mankind^. | O'nur and suk'sss xn lif wxl pro'- 
bablx atendv yu . | Un'dur ol sur'kumstansxz | yu wxl 
hav an xturnal scors ov konscole'cun and enturten'- 
msnt, | ov qxc nco sub'lunarx. vxsx'sxtud kan dxpriv* 
yu . | 

Tim wxl ceo hep mu£ wi'zur haz bxn yur 6cxs | ban 
bat ov yur i'dl kompan v yunz, | hs wud glad'lx hav dron 
yu xn'ts bar ascosxe'eun, | or ra'bur xnts bar konspx'- 
rasx, | az xt haz bxn keold, | agsnst' gud manurz, | and 
agsnsf ol bat xz o'nurabl and yus x fijl. | Qil yu apxr xn 
seosi'xtx | az a rxspek'tabl and val'yuabl msm'bur ov 
xt, | be wxl, purhaps', | hav sa'krxfizd at be crin ov 
vanatx, | prid, | and extra'vagans, j and feols plejur, | 
bar hel$ and bar ssns^, | bar forcun and bor ka,rak- 
turz. I 



AKONT' KITRENT. 

(kNONXMUSe) 

Wwman, Dr. 
Q be wco bat wi n man brxnz* ! | 

Scors ov so'rco, grxf and pen x ! | 
01 cpr x'vlz hav bar sprxnz, J 

In b£ furst ov Heme! trerix. I 



PRAKTXIt&L LLfiKUCUJf. 345 

lv, bi x'txrj, led psr A'dam | 

<Dt ov X x den, and astre* ; | 
Luk for so'rco stxl x qor Ma'dam, | 

Purt and prcpd, dxrekts' be we ; | 

Kcort'cxp xz a sle^vxc plejur, | 

Ss'bxrj a kcoke'txc trem ! | 
Weeded — -qot be mi'tx trejnr? | 

Dsmd ts drag a gcoldn £en . | 

Nq'zx klak and kon'stant bro^lxn, | 
Dxs'kord and dcomes'txk strif\ ; | 

Em'tx ku burd, | £xl'dren bovlxn, | 
Skco'ldxrj wu'man med a wif . | 

Go'dx dres and hco'tx kaTxc], | 

Luv'z fond ba'lans fled and gon v ; | 

Axz, be bx'tur fruts ov maTxcj ! | 
Hx bat 's wiz wxl lxv alcon ! | 

Kon'tra, Kr. 
Q ! qot cjcxz from wirman sprxq* ! | 

Scors ov blxs and pu'rest pxs 1 , | 
X x den kud not kum'furt brxrj, | 

Txl for wirman ccod hur fes. | 

Qen cx kem, | gud onest A'dam | 
Klaspt be gxft wxb Q'pn armz\ | 

Hx left X'den for hxz ma'dam, | 
So qpr parent prizd hur £armz . | 

Kcort'cxp Srxlz be scol wxb plejur; | 
Vur'cVz blue on bii'tx'z 6xk ; | 

Ha'px pre'lud ts a trcjur | 
Kxi]Z hav left bar krepnz 1 ts sxk A ! | 



34G PltSYKTXKSlL LLQKIICUN. 

Luvlx luks and korvstant kortxrj, | 
Swxt'nxrj ol be tcxlz ov lif ; | 

'Cxr'ful 6xl'dren, harm'les sportxrj, | 
Luvlx wu'man med a wif ! | 

Mo'dest dres and cjen'tl ka'rxcj, | 
Luv trium'fant on hxz Orconv ; | 

Axz, be blxs'ful fruts ov maTxcj — | 
Nan but fslz v wud lxv alcon . | 



SKXMZ OV LIP OFN ILLTSURL 

(DR. DON SN.) 

Q'3iar, be sun ov Ha'san, | had past sevntx-fiv yxrz 
xn o'nur and prosperxtx. | Ae fe'vur ov Srx sukse'sxv 
ke'lxfs | had fxld hxz heps wxb gold and sxkvur ; | and 
qen'evur hx apxrd', | be benxdxk'cunz ov be px'pl pro- 
klemd' hxz pa\sxc). | 

Teres'trxal ha'pxnes xz ov cort kontxnyuans. | Ae 
brit'nes ov be flem xs wes'txrj xts firxl ; | be fre'grant 
flcpair iz pa'sxrj awe' xn xts on crdurz. | Ae vx'gur ov 
Q'mar bxgan' te feL ; | be kurlz ov bu'tx fel from hxz 
hed' ; | strerjft dxpar'ted from hxz handz' ; j and acjxdxtx 
from hxz fxt v . | Hx gev bak ts be kedxf be kxz ov trust., | 
and be sxlz ov sx N krxsx : | and sot no u'bur ple'jur for 
be rxmenz' ov lif, | ban be kon'vurs ov be wiz, | and be 
grafxtud ov be gud . | 

Aepcp'urzovhxz mind wer yet unxmpordw I Hxz tern' 
bur woz fxld bi vx'zxtants, | x'gur ts kac be dxk'tets ov 
expx'rxens, ) and ofx'cus ts pe be tri'bwt ov admxre v cun. | 
Ke'led, be sun ov be visra' ov X'cjxpt, | en'turd e'vurx 
de urlx, and rxtird' let*. I Hx woz bxj'txful and elco- 



PRAKTIKaL ELfiKIJCUN. 3J7 

kwent : | Q'mar admird' hxz wit, | and luvd hiz dasr- 
litx. | " Tel mx," sed Kcled, | " bcp ts hsz vas nccunz 
hav lrsnd, | and hsz wizdum iz neon ts bx extre'mxtiz 
ov E'ja, | tel mx hop I me rxzem'bl Q'mar be prudent. | 
Ax arts bi qx6 bop hast gendpcp'ur andprxzurvd' it, | ar 
ts bx na lon'gur ne'sesanor yus^ful ; | impart' ts mx be 
sx'kret ov bi kon'dukt, | and tx6 mx be plan | upon' qi6 
bi wiz'dum haz bilt bi for6nn." | 

" Yurj man," sed Q'mar, | " it iz ov li'tl yus ts form 
planz ov lif. | Qen I tuk mi furst surve' ov bs wurld, | 
in mi twen'tie$ yxr, | ha'vxrj konsi'durd be ve'rius kon- 
di'cunz ov mankind', | in bx cpr ov so'lxtud I sed bus ts 
miself', | lx'nirj agenst' a sx'dur, qi6 spred its bran'£iz 
co'vur mi hed, | ' Se'vnti yxrz ar alcpd' ts man, ; | I hav 
yet fxf tx rxmeanrj. | 

" * Ten yxrz I wxl alot' ts bx aten'ment ov no v lecj, | 
and ten I wxl pas in foTin kun,tnz ; | I cal bx lurned, | 
and ber'for cal bx o,nurd; | e'vun siti wil ccpt at mi 
ari'val, | and e'vun stu'dent wil sali'sit mi frend*cxp. | 
Twen'tx yxrz bus past, | wil star mi mind wib I'mxcjxz, | 
qx£ I cal bx bi'zi, Srs be rest ov mi lif, | in kombi'nxn 
and kompo N rirj. | I cal re'vel in mes-ho'stxbl akumule'- 
cunz ov xntelek'6iial rr6iz ; | I cal find nu plejurz for 
e'vun ma^ment ; | and cal ne'vur mar bx wx v rx ov mi- 
self. | 

"' I wil not ; hcp'evur, | dx'viet ts far from be bx'tn trak 
ov lif; | but wxl tri qot kan bx frpnd in fx'mel de^Iikasi. | 
I wil ma'ri a wif bu'tiful az behcp'rxz, and wiz az Za- 
bivdi : | wib hur I wxl liv twen'ti yirz wi'bin be su- 
burbz ov Bag'dad, | in e'vun plejur bat. welS kan pur- 
ees and fan'si kan invent^. | 

" ' I wxl ben rxtir ts a rubral dweJxrj, | pas mi dez 



348 P R a. K T X K a. L E L Q K IJ C tl N. 

in obsku'rxtx and kontemple v cun, | and li si'lentlx dcpn 
on be bed ov de& . | @rs mi lif it cal bx mi se'tld rezo- 
lu'cun, | bat I wxl ne'vur dxpend' upon' be smil ov 
prxn sxz ; | bat I wxl ns'vur stand expozd' ts bx ar'tx- 
fxsxz ov korts*; | I wxl ne'vur pant for pub'lxkonurz, | 
nor dxsturb' mi kwi'et wxb bx aforz' ov stet .' | 3u£ 
woz mi skxm ov lif, | qx£ I xmprest' xnde'lxblx upon' mi 
rue^uion. | 

"Ae furst part ov mi ensuarj tim | woz ts bx spent xn 
sur£ ov ncrlec] : | and I no not hep I woz dxvurted from 
mi dxsin . | I had no vx'zxbl xmpe'dxments wxbcpf, | 
nor e'nx ungu'vurnabl pa'cunz wxbxn . | I rxgar'ded 
no'lec) az be hi'est o'nur, | and be most engcc]xn. ple v - 
jur ; | yet de stol upon' de, | and mund gli'ded af'tur 
munS, | txl I fcpnd bat sevn yxrz ov be furst ten had 
va^nxct, | and left nu'Sxrj bxhind^ bem v . | 

" I ncp postpond^ mi purpus ov tra'vslxrj ; | for qi 
cud I go abrod', | qil so muc rxmend' ts bx lurnd at 
hom ? | I xmurd' miself for for yxrz v , | and stu'dxd be 
loz ov bx emvpir. | Ae fem ov mi skxl rx£t be c|u N c]xz; | I 
woz fcpnd e'bl ts spxk upon dcpt x ful kwesv6unz ; | and 
woz komanded ts stand at be fut'stsl ov be keJxf. | I 
woz hurd wxb atemcun; | I woz konsulted wxb kon- 
fxdens ; | and be luv ov prez fa'snd on mi hart. | 

" I stxl wxct ts sx dxs'tant kumtrxz ; | Ix'snd wxb 
rap'6ur ts be rxle'cunz ov tra^velurz ; | and rxzolvd' 
sum'tim ts ask mi dxsmx N cun, | bat I mit fxst mi sol 
wxb no N veltx : [ but mi pre'zens woz ol'wez ne^sesarx; | 
and be strxm ov bxz'nes hu'rxd mx alorj v . | Sum'timz I 
woz afred' lest I cud bx carcjd wxb xngra x txtud : | but 
I stxl propozd' ts travel, | and ber'for w T ud not kon- 
fin miself bi mavrxej. | 



PRAKTXKAL E L Q K IJ C IT N. 319 

"In mi ' ixftxed yxr, | I bxgarv ts suspekf bat bs tim 
ov tra'veliij woz past* ; | and Sot xt best ts le hold on 
be fxlx'sxtx yet in mi pcpur, | and xndulcj' miself xn 
dcomss'Uk plejurz. | But at fxftx | no man x'zxlx findz 
a wu'man | bu'tiful az be hcp'rxz, and wiz az Zcobi»dx. | 
I xnkwird' and rxcjsk^ted, | konsul'ted and dxlx^bureted, | 
txl bs sxxtx-ssk'und yxr med mx acemd' ov wx^cxij ts 
maj*x. j I had ncp nu'Sxij left but rxtirment ; | and for 
rxtirment I ne'vur fcpnd a tim, ] txl dxzxz' forst mx from 
publxk' employment. | 

" Su6 woz mi skxnr, | and su6 haz bin xts komsx- 
kwens. | Wxb an xnsecabl Burst for no'lscj, | I tri'fld 
awe' be yxrz ov xmprsv x ment ; | wxb a rest'les dxzir ov 
sx'xrj dx'furent kun'trxz, | I hav ol'wez rxzi'dsd xn be 
sem sx v tx ; | wxb be hi'est ekspekte'cun ov konu'bxal 
fxlx'sxtx, | I hav lxvd unmaTxd ; | and wxb unol'turabl 
rezcolu'cunz ov koiitenvplatxv rxtirment, | I am gco'xrj 
ts di wxbxn' be wolz ov Baghdad." 



Ex'traJit from a supcjzd 1 SpxS ov JDon Sl'damz in 

suporV ov Simn'rilian And ipeiv dens. 

(d. WRirsTirR.) 

Sxijk or swira,, | lxv or dr, | surviv or pe rxc, | I gxv 

mi hand and mi hart N ts bxs vot v . ] Xt xz tru, xndxd', | 

bat xn b8 bxgxmxrj, | wx emd not at xndxpendens. | But 

bor'z a Dxvx x nxtx qx6 ceps cpr endzw | Ax xncjustxs ov 

Irjg'land haz drx'vn us ts arrnz* ; | and blin'ded ts hur 

an xn'turest for qpr gud, | ex haz ob'stxnetlx pursxs^ted, | 

txl Indxpen'dens xz ncp wxbxn' Cfr grasp.. | Wx hav but 

ts rx6 fGorS ts xt,]and xt xz cprzw | Qi ben cud wx dxfur 

be Deklare^cun ? | Iz e'nx man sco wxk | az ncp ts hcop 

30 



3.j0 PRAKTIKAL LLfiKUCUN. 

for a rskonsxlxccun wxb Xrjg-land? | Ds wx mxn ta 
submxt' ts bs ms'jurz ov par'lxmsnt, | Bos tun port'-bxl 
and ol' ? | I no' wx ds not mxn ts submxt. | Wx ns N vur 
cal submxtv. | 

As wor, Sen, must go om. | Wx must fit xt Srs\ | 
&nd xf bs wor must go on, | qi put of lon'gur bs Ds- 
klare'cun ov Indxpsmdsns 1 | Aat ms'jur wxl strsiyQn 
us v . I It wxl giv us ka'raktur abrodw | As ne'eunz wxl 
bsn trxt v wxb us, | qx£ be ns'vur kan ds | qil wx akno'- 
h:(j cprsslvz' | sub'cjskts, xn armz agsnst' cpr suv^urxn. | 
Ne x , I menten' bat Xng'land hursslf , | wxl ss'nur trxt 
for pxs wxb us | on bs fb'txn ov Indxpsn'dsns, | ban 
konssnt', | bi rxpx'lxrj hur akts, | ts akno'lscj bat hur 
hoi kon'dukt to'ardz us | haz bxn a kors ov xncjus'txs 
and oprs N cun. | 

Sur, | bs Dsklare'cun wxl xnspir' bs px'pl wxb xn- 
krxsf ku N rxcj. | Instsd' ov a lorj and blu'dx wor | for 
rsstore'cun ov prx'vxlscjxz, | for rxdrss' ov grx'vansxz, | 
for 6arturd xmu'nxtxz, j hsld un'dur a Brx'txc kxrj,|sst 
bxfor' bsm bs glo'rxus ob'cjskt ov sntir' Xndxpsmdsns, | 
and xt wxl brxb xn'ts bsm anu 1 bs brs\> ov lif . | Rxd 
bxs Dsklare'cun at bs hsd ov bx armx : | s'vurx sord 
wxl bx dron from xts ska N bard, | and bs so'lsm vcp 
u'turd, ts menten^ xt, | or ts ps'rxc on bs bsd ov o^nur. | 
Pub'lxc xt from bs puhpxt ; | rxlx'cjun wxl aprsv v xt, | 
and bs luv ov rxlx'cjus lx'burtx wxl klxrj rcpnd 1 xt, | rx- 
zolvd' ts stand wxb xt, | or fol v wxb xt v . | Ssnd xt ts bs 
pub'lxk holz N ; | proklem xt bsr ; | 1st bsm hxr xt, | hs 
hurd bs furst ror ov bx sirxmx'z ka v nun ; | 1st bsm sx 
xt, | hs so bar bruburz and bar sunz j fol on bs fxld 
ov Burj'kur Hxh, | and xn bs strxts ov Lsxaqtun and 



PRaKTXKAL LLfiKIJCIIN. 351 

Korpkord, | and bs v£'rx wolz' wxl kri cpt An xts su- 
port. | 

Sur, bxfor Gods | I bxlxv bx cpr xz kum.. | Mi cjuc]'- 
msnt aprsvz 1 bxs nicjur, | and mi hoi hart^ xz xn^ xt x . \ 
01 bat I hav^ | and ol bat I am\ | and ol bat I hop', 
xn bxs lif, | I am ncp rs'dx hxr ts stek x upon\ xt^ ; | and 
I Ixv of az I bxgan 1 , | bat Ixv or di v , | surviv or pe rxc, | 
I am for be Deklare v cun. | It xz mi Ix'vxrj sen'txment ; | 
and, bi bs bk'sxrj ov God, | it cal bx mi drxrj s£mtx- 
ment ; | Indxpen'dens ncp N ; | and Indxplndlns for 
l'vur. I 



N01ED. 

(dx wxt klxn tun.) 

Ple'jur xz a ca*do : | W£l& xz va v nxtx : |andpcf'urxz 
a pa>cjunt : | but no'kc] xz sksta'txk xn £ncjcrm£nt — | 
pere nxal xn fern', | unlx'mxted xn spes', | and xn'fxnxt xn 
dumcun. | In be purformans ov xts se'krsd o'fxsxz, | xt 
fxrz no den v (jur — | sporz no txpens' — | omxts' no 
£g-uncun. | It skelz be mcpn^txn — | luks xnts' bs volke.- 
no — | divz xnts' bx o*cun — | purforets bx urvh — | 
wxrjz xts flit xn'ts bs skiz' — | snsurklz bs glob v — | £x- 
plorz' sx and land* — | kontsnrplets b£ dxstant^ — | ££ra'- 
mxnz be rnxnut — | komprxh£ndz' bs gret' — ] a'S£ndz 
ts b£ subline. — | No pies ts rxmot' for xts grasps — | 
no h£vnz ts £^ol't£d for xts tu£ . | 



352 PRAKTIKSVL LLQKWCUN. 

LORD U'LIN'Z DQTUR. 

(Ka N MLL.) 

A cxp'txn ta bs Hi'landz bcpnd, | 
Kriz, " Bofman, ds not ta x rx ! | 

And I wxl gxv bx a sxl'vur pcpnd*, | 
Ts ro us o'ur bs ft\rx." 

" Ncp hs bx yx% wud kros Lokgik, | 
Axs dark and stor'mx wo^tur?" | 

" Q, I'm bs £xf ov llkva'z ik, | 
And bxs Lord Ll'lxn'z do.tur. | 

"And fast bxfor hur fa'bur'z men, | 
0rx dez wx'v fled tsgs^bur, | 

For cud hx find us xn be glsn, | 
Mi blud wud sten bs hs^bur. | 

Hxz hors msn hard bxhind^ us ridx; | 
Cud be (pr steps dxsku'vur, | 

Asn hs wxl for mi bo'nx brid x | 
Qsn be hav slen hur lu v vur?" | 

<I>tspek' be har'dx Hi'land wit, | 
" I'l go N , mi exf — I'm rs>dx : | 

Xt xz not for yur sxkvur brit, | 
But for yur wxn'sum le*dx : | 

And, bi mi wurd s ! bs bo'nx burd | 
Xn den'cjur cal not taTx ; | 

So, bo be wevz ar re'cjxrj qit x , | 
I'l ro yu o'ur bs fori." | 

Bi bxs bs storm gru lepd apes', | 
As wo'tur-reB- woz crxbxrj ; | 

And xn bs skcpl ov hsvn x£ fes | 
Gru dark az be wsr spxjarj. | 



PRAKTXKO.L ELQKUCUN. 353 

Bat stxl az wildur blu be wind, | 

And az be nit gru drxr'ur, | 
Adcpn' be glen rod armed men*, | 

Aor tram'plxrj scpn'ded nxj-ur. | 

" Q hest* bx, hest v !" be le'dx kriz, | 
"Ao tem'pests rqpnd us ga'bur ; | 

PI mxt be re'cjxrj ov be skiz, | 
But not an arj'grx favbur." | 

Ae beat haz left a stor'mx land*, | 

A stor'mx sx bxfcor hun, — | 
Qen, o ! ts strorj for hu'man hand, | 

Ae tempest ga'burd co'ur hur . | 

And stxl be read amxdsf be rear | 

Ov wo'turz fast prxve v lxrj : | 
Lord U'lxn rx£t be fe'tal cor — | 

Hxz raft woz turnd ts weJxrj. | 

For sor dxzmed', Srs storm and ced, | 

Hxz £ild hx dxd dxsku x vur: | 
Wun luvlx hand ex street for ed, | 

And wun woz rcpnd hur luvvur. | 

" Kum bak v ! kum bak' !" hx krid xn grxf, | 

"Akros' bxs stor'mx wo tur ; | 
And PI forgxv* yur Hi'land 6xf, | 

Mi do'tur !— Q, mi do^tur !" | 

*T woz ve^ : | be lepd wevz lact be cor, | 

Rxturn' or ed* prxven\txrj : | 
Ae wo'turz wild went co'ur hxz 6ild, | 

And hx w r oz left lamenvtxrj. | 
30* 



354 PRftKTIKftL LLOKUCUN 

AL KAPTIV. 

[J2 Tra<jxli Sxn xn a Privat Madhys.'] 

(lijxs.) 

Ae Sxn reprxzents a duncjun in qxS xz a greted dor 

garded bi stroy barz and 6enz. In bx upur part 

xz an cjpn galurx Ixdxrj ts be selz abuv. 

[Slow and melancholy music. The captive is discovered in the atti- 
tude of hopeless grief: she is in chains; her eyes are fixed with a 
vacant stare, and her hands are folded. 

After a pause the jailer is seen passing through the upper gallery, 
with a lamp: he appears at the grate, and opens the door; the noise 
of the bars falling rouses the captive. She looks round eagerly ; but, 
on seeing the jailer enter, she waves her hand mournfully, and relapses 
into her former stupor. 

The jailer replenishes a jug with water, and places a loaf of bread 
by her side. He then prepares to leave the dungeon, when the captive 
seems to resolve on making an attempt to excite his compassion : she 
rises from her bed of straw, clasps his hand, and sinks at his feet. The 
music ceases, and she speaks.] 

Ste, ^e'lur, ste, and hxr mi wgo* ! | 

Cx xz not mad hs nxlz ts bx; | 
For qot I'm ncp ts wsl I nco, | 

And qot I woz*, and qot cud bx v . | 
Tl rel no mar xn prepd dxspor ; | 

Mi lan'gwxcj cal bx kam, bco sadv : | 
But yet PI furm lx, tru'lx swar | 

I am not mad ! | [ tb ££ k h \^ s ] I am not mad I" | 

[He offers to leave her ; she detains him, and continues, in a tone 
of eager persuasion,] 

"A ti'rant huz band fcorcjd be tel j 

Qx£ cenz mx xn bxs drx'rx sel ; | 
Mi fet unon', mi frendz bxwel — | 

Q, cje'lur ! hest bat fet ts tel. | 



PR5VKTXK&L KLfiKUCUX. 355 

Q ! hest mi fa'bur'z hart ts £xr, | 

Hxz hart, at wuns, wxl grxv and glad* | 

Ts no, bo kept a kap'txv hxr, | 
I am not mad* ! | not' madx ! | not mad v !" | 

[Harsh music, while the jailer, with a look of contempt and disbelief, 
forces his hand from her grasp, and leaves her. The bars are heard 
replacing.] 

" Hx smilz in skorn^ !|— Hx turnz be kx v ! | 

Hx kwxts bs gret v !— |I nelt in venv ! | 
Stxl . . . stxl . . . hxz glxm'urxrj lamp* I sx/* | 

[Music expresses the light growing fainter, as the jailer retires 
through the gallery, and the captive watches his departure with eager 
lodks.] 

" *T xz lost* ! and ol xz glsnr- agen v !" | 

[She shivers, and wraps her garment more closely round her.] 

" Kold— brtur kold ! | No worm^ ! no lit ! | 

Lif! ol kum'furts wuns I had; | 
Yet hxr I'm 6end bxs frx'zxq nit, | 
[Eagerly.] Ol'bco not mad! | no, no, no, no ! not* mad !" | 

[A few bars of melancholy music, which she interrupts by exclaiming 

suddenly,] 

" 'Txz cur a drxnr !— |sum fan'sx, venv ! | 
[Proudly.] I — I, be 6ild ov rank and wel$ !— | 
Am I be re6 hs klarjks bxs cen, | 

Dx'privd ov frx'dum, frendz, and held ? | 
Q ! qil I kcpnt boDz ble'sxnz fled, | 

Qx£ ne'vur mor mi (prz must glad, | 
Hep eks mi hart x ! | hep burnz mi hedv !" | 

[Interrupting herself hastily, and pressing her hands forcibly against 
her forehead.] 

" But 'txz not mad !— Ino, 'txz not madj" | 



356 P R ft. K T X K ft L L L fi K L T C U N. 

[She remains fixed in this attitude, with a look of fear, till the music, 
changing, expresses that some tender melancholy reflection has passed 
across her mind.] 

" Mi 6ildv !" j 

[A few bars of music, after which she repeats, with more energy,] 

" Mi 6ild N ! | 
A ! hast bep not forgot', bi bis, | 

Ai mu'bur'z fes'— |bi mu'bur'z tun/ ? | 
Cx'l ne'ur forgsf yur par'txn kxs% | 
[With a smile.] N Qr rC p n( i hur nek hep fast' yu kluqx*, | 
Nor hep yu sud wxb hur ts ste x ; | 
Nor hep bat sut yur sir forbad, ! | 
[With agony.] Nor hep— | [ttVrror ok ] I'l driv su6 $ots awe^ ! | 

[In a hollow, hurried voice.] 

Ae'l mek mx mad, ! | be'l mek mx mad x ! | 

[A pause. She then proceeds, with a melancholy smile,] 

Hxz ro'zx lxps, hep swxt N be smild, ! | 

Hxz mild bin iz, hep brit' be ccon, ! | 
Woz ns x vur born a luvlxur 6ild ! | 

[With a sudden burst of passionate grief, approaching to frenzy,] 

And art bep nep for'evur gon' ? | 
And must I ne'vur sx bx moor' ? | 
Mi pri'tx, prx'tx, prx v tx lad, ! | 

[With energy.] J WX F bx ft% ! | 

[Endeavouring to force the gate.] Unbar' be dor ! I 

I am not mad, !— |I am x not mad, ! | 

[She falls, exhausted, against the grate, by the bars of which she sup- 
ports herself. She is roused from her stupor by loud shrieks, rattling 
of chains, &c] 

Hark, ! | hark v !— |qot mxn bcoz yelzv— |bcoz kriz x 1 | 

[The noise grows louder.] 

Hxz £en sum fu'rxus madTnan breks, ! I 



PRftKTXK&L ELQKIJCUN. 357 

[The madman is seen to rush across the gallery with a blazing firebrand 
in his hand."] 

Hx kumz v !— |I sx hxz glorxrj iz, ! | 

[The madman appears at the grate, which he endeavors to force, while 
she shrieks in an agony of terror.] 

Nop ! — nop ! mi dun'cjun barz hx breks x ! | 
Help* !| help 1 !| 

[Scared by her cries, the madman quits the grate. He again appears 
above, is seized by his keepers, with torches, and, after some resist- 
ance, is dragged away.] 

Hx'z gonu !— |Q fxr'ful wco, | 

Su6 skrxmz ts hxr ! | su£ sits ts sx, ! | 
Mi breiiv ! |mi brem !— |I nco l ,|I no' | 

I am not mad v ,|but ssn cal hx, ! | 
Yes* ! — ssir ! | for la, yon qil I spxk ! — | 

Mark yon dx'mun'z i'bolz glor ! | 
Hx sxz v mx* !— |nq>, wxb a drsd'ful crxk, | 

Hx qurlz a skorpxun hi xn an ! | 
Ho v rur !— | Ac rsp'txl striks hxz ts$ | 

Dxp xn mi hart x ,|sco kruct and sad* ! | 
A v y— laf, yx fxndzx !— |I fxl bs tru$ v ! | 

'Txz dun ! |'txz dun, !-| [With a loud shriek.] 

Pm mad* !— |I'm mad, ! | 

[She dashes herself in frenzy upon the ground.] 



AE QXS'KURZ. 

(WUD WUR©.) 

Ae kxrjz, hs rul mankind' wxb ho'ti swe, | 
Ae prcp'dur pop', hsm xvn kxrjz* cabe , | 
Luv x , at hsz crin bco$ pops and mon v arks fol. 
And x'n SElf-xn^tursst, bat kontrwlz' bsm oh, I 



3.18 PRAKTIKAL ELfiKWCUN. 

Pozss' a ps'txpqyWjqsn ol kombind*, | 
Kompord' wxb fa^cun'z xn'flusns on mankindv ; | 
For lav xtsslf wxl oft ts fa'cun bcp, | 
As fo'loxrj stGD'rx wxl konvxns' yu hcp x : | 

A ps'tx motr wsd a for, | 
Ov vurcu, wslS', and gre'sxz ror- ; | 
But. ven\lx had prxfurd' hxz Idem — | 
As me'dn ond no an'surxrj flem,. | 
At last, bi dcpt and arj'gwxc torn, | 
Suspsns', ts pen'ful ts bx born, 
Lo at hurfxthxhuni'blx nxld, | 
And bus hxz ardsnt Hem rxvxldx : 

" Px'tx mi grxf, anc|s'Ixk for, | 
Bxhold' mi arj'gwxc and dxspor v ; | 
For yu bxs hart must s'vur burn — | 
Q blss mx wxb a kind rxturn* ; | 
Mi luv no larj'gwxc| kan sxprss% | 
Rxword' xt bsn wxb haxpxnss ; | 
Nu'vhrj on urS^ but yu, I priz, | 
Ql sis xz trrflxrj xn mi iz ; | 
And ixr'fulx wud I rxzin' | 
As wsl& ov wurldz' ts kol yu min. | 
But, xf anu'bur gen yur hand, | 
Far dxs'tant from mi ne'txv land, | 
Far hsns from yu and hops I'l Ai> | 
And xn sum fo'rxn rx'cjun di v ." | 

As me'dn hurd, and bus rxplid^ : | 

" If mi konssnf ts bx yur brid v | 

Wxl mek yu ha'px, bsn bx blsst., | 

But grant mx furst wun smol rxkwsst^ ; | 



PRAKTHKaL ELQKHCUN. 359 

A sak'rxfiz I must dxmand v , [ 

And xn rxturn' wxl gxv mi hand/' | 

"A sa'krxfiz ! Q spxk its nenv, | 

For yu I'd forfxt welS' and fem v ; | 

Tek mi heal for£un, — e'vurx sent." | 

" 'T woz sum'Birj mor ban weld" I merit." | 

" Must I be relmz ov Nep'cun tres ? | 
Q spxk be wurd — qore'ur be pies* : | 
For yu, bx i'dol ov mi sol, j 
I'd x'n explor be fro'zn pob ; | 
Arebxa'z san'dx de^zurts tredv, j 
Qr tres be Trgrxs ts xts hed\" j 

" Q no, dxr sur, I ds not ask | 
So loq a vo'ec], so hard a taskv ; j 
Yu must — but a ! be bsn I wont, j 
I hav no hop bat yu wxl grant v ." | 

" Cal I, lik Bo'napart, aspir' | 
Ts bx be wurld'z xmpx'rxal sir'? | 
Expres' be wxc N , and hxr I vcp | 
Ts pies a krepn upon' yur brcp v ." | 

" Sur, bxz ar trrflz," — ex rxplidv, — | 
" But, xf yu wxc mx for yur brid, | 

Yu must but stxl I fxr ts spxk — | 

Yu'l ne N vur grant be bsn I sxk^." | 

" Q sex !" hx krid, ** dxr encjel, se* | 
Qot I must ds, and I obe v ; | 
No lorj'gur rak mx wxb suspense ; | 
Spxk yur komandz', and send mx henSv." 



360 PR&KTXK&L ELQKttCUN. 

* Wei, ben, dxr, cje'nurus yu& !" ex kriz, 
" If bus mi hart yu rx'alx priz, | 
And wxc ts lxrjk yur fet wxb min, | 
On wun kondx'cun I am bin. | 
'Twxl ben bxkunv mi plx'zxrj du'tx | 
Ts kon'templet a huz'band'z budx ; | 
And, ge'zxrj on hxz man'lx fes, | 
Hxz fx'lxrjz and hxz wxcxz tresv ; | 
Ts ba'nxc bens xc mark ov kor, | 
And lit a smil ov plejur bar . | 
Q let mx ben, 't xz ol I ask, | 
Komens' at wuns be plx'zxn task, ; | 
let mx (az bxkumz' mi pies) | 
Kut bcoz hue) qxs^kurz from yur fes x ," | 

Cx sed — but o, qot strencj surpriz' | 
Woz pxk'curd xn hur lu'vur'z h, ! | 
Lik lit'nxrj, from be grcpnd hx sprun, | 
Qil wild amez'ment tid hxz turjs. | 
A sta'6u, mo v cunles, hx gezd, | 
Asto^nxct, hoTur-struk, amezd . | 
So lukt be ga'lant Pursxus, qen | 
Mxdu'sa'z vx^zxej met hxz ken, ; | 
So lukt Makbe&*, hsz gxl'tx i | 
Dxzurnd' an or'-dron da v gur nix ; | 
And so be prxns ov Den v mark stord, | 
Qen furst hxz fa'bur'z gost N apxrd . | 
At last err hx'ro si'Iens broks | 
And bus xn wil'dest ak'sents spok* : | 

" Kut of mi qxs'kurz ! — Q yx godz ! — | 
I'd ss'nur lsz mi xrz N , bi odz* ; I 



PRa.KTXK<YL ELQKUCUN. 361 

Ma'dam, I'd not bx sco dxzgrest', | 

Sod lost ts fa'cun and ts test, | 

Ts win an em pres ts mi armz^ | 

Aco blsst wxb mar ban mor tal carmz. | 

Mi qxs'kurz ! . . . | Zepndz* !" . . . | Hx sed no mean ; j 

But kwxk rxtrxted &rs be doors | 

And sot a les obdu'ret for, | 

Ts tek be bco wxb ol hxz hor . I 



LORD WIL'YAM AND EDMUND. 

(s$> v ®x.) 

Nfi i bxheld' qsn Wxl'yam pluncjd | 
Yurj Ld'mund xn be strxnr; | 

No hu'man xr but Wxl'yam'z hurd | 
Yurj Edmund'z drep'nxrj skrxrn . | 

Submx'sxv, ol be va'salz ond | 
Ae mur'durur for bor lord* : | 

And hx, be rit'ful or, pozest' | 
Ae heps ov Urlxnfcord. | 

Ax en'cent heps ov Ur'lxnford | 

Stud xn a for doomem ; | 
And Se'vurn'z am'pl wo'turz nxr, | 

Roold Srs be fur'txl plen v . | 

And ofn be weforxrj man | 

Wud luv ts lxrj'gur bor, | 
Forget'ful ov hxz on'ward rood, | 

Ts gez on sxnz so for. | 
31 



362 PRftKTXK&L ELfiKMCUN. 

But ne'vur kud Lord Wxl'yam dor | 
Ts gez on Se'vurn'z strxm* ; | 

In e'vurx. wind bat swept its wevz, 
Hx hurd yui) Ld'mund skrxm* ! j 

In ven, at mxd'nit's si'lent q)r, | 
Slxp klozd be mur'durur'z izv ; | 

In e'vurx drxm, be mur'durur so | 
Yurj Ld'mund'z form ariz ! | 

In ven, bi rest'les kon'cens drxvn, | 
Lord Wxl'yam left hxz hom, | 

Far from be sxnz bat so hxz gxlt, | 
In pxl'grxmecj ts rcoin . | 

Ts u'bur klimz be pxl'grxm fled ; | 
But kud not fli dxspor — | 

Hx sot hxz ho3m agen v ; | but pxs | 
Woz stxl a stren y c]ur bar v . | 

Slco wer be pa'sxrj cprz, | yet swxft | 
Ae munSs* apxrd' ts rok; | 

And nq) be de rxturnd', bat cuk | 
Wxb te'rur, Wxl'yam'z sgdL | 

A de bat Wxl'yam ne'vur felt | 
Rxturn' wxbqpt' dxzme* ; j 

For wel had kon'cens ka'lendurd | 
Yurj Ldmund'z di'xrj de v . | 

A fxr'ful de woz bat ! | be renz | 
Fel fast, wxb tempest rcor, | 

And be s*wcoln tid ov Se'vurn spred 
Far on be le'vxl ccor.. I 



PRAKTXKAL LLfiKIJCUN. 363 

In ven Lord Wxl'yam sot be fxst v ; | 

In ven hx kwaft bs boF, | 
And strov, wxb na'zx mur&, ts drcpn | 

Ax arj'gwxc ov hxz soh j 

As tsm'psst, az its su'dsn swsl | 

In gus'tx hcp'lxnz kem, | 
Wxb kold and dsQ'-lik fx'lxrjz sxmd ] 

Ts Srxl hxz cu'durxrj frein . I 

Rxluk'tant nop, az nit kem on, [ 

Hxz lon'lx kcp6 hx prsstx; | 
And, wx'rxd cpt, hx sunk ts slxps — | 

Ts slxp v , — | but not ts rsst v . | 

Bxsid' bat kcp£, hxz bru'bur'z form, | 
Lord Ld^mund, | sxmd ts standi — | 

Su6, and so pel, az qsn xn ds$ | 
Hx graspt hxz bru'bur'z hand ( | 

Su6, and so pel hxz fes az qsn, | 

Wxb fent and fol'turxrj tun, | 
Ts Wxl'yam'z kor, a dixrj 6anj, | 

Hx left hxz orfan sun v . | 

u I bad bx wxb a fa'bur'z luv | 

Mi or'fan Ld^mund gardv; — | 
Wsl, Wxl'yam, hast bcp kspt bi 6ar<J' ? | 

Tek nqp bi du rxword>." | 

Hx startsd ups xc" lxm konvulst' | 

W r xb agoni'zxrj fxn ; | 
Hx on'lx hurd be storm ov nits — | 

'T woz mirzxk ts hxz xn ! I 



3G4 PRAKTXKftL ELfiKUCUN. 

Qen, lco ! be vqs ov lepd alarm' | 
Hxz xn'mcost so^l apolzv — | 

" Qotx, hco x ! | Lord Wxl'yam, riz in hest* ! 
Ae wo'tur saps bi w r olz» !" | 

Hx rcoz- in hest. — | bxnxb' be wolz | 

Hx so be fiud apxr ; | 
It hemd him rqmdv — | 't woz mxdnit ncp — 

Nco hirman ed woz nxr,. | 

Hx hurd be ccpt ov cjcr ! | for ncp | 

A bcot aprcoit' bs wok ; | 
And, x'gur ts bs wd'kum ed, | 

Ae krcpd for se'fti ob. | 

" Mi bcot xz smob," bs bcot'man krid^ ; | 
" 'T wxl bar but wum awe, ; j 

Kum xn, Lord Wil'yam, | and ds yx | 
In GodV prcotelocun ste.." | 

Strencj fx'lxrjz fxld bem at hxz vas, | 

X'n xn bat cpr ov wo, | 
Aat, sev bar Lord, bar woz not wun | 

Hs wxct wxb hxm ts goo . | 

But Wxl'yam Ixpt m'ts bs bcot, | 

Hxz te'rur woz sco scon ; | 
"Acp calt hav haf mi gcold x ," hx kridx, | 

" Hest ! — best' ts yon'dur ccor !" | 

Ae bcot'man plid bx cor ; | bs bcot | 
Went lit v alorj' be strxmv ; — | 

Su'dxn Lord Wxl'yam hurd a kri, ) 
Lik Ld'mund'z drcpivxq skrxnr ! | 



PRftKTIKM ELQKLJCUN. 365 

Ae bcofman pozd — | " Mx$ot' I hurd | 

A 6ildV distressful lni !" | 
" 'T woz but be hcp'lxrj wmdz ov nit-," | 

Lord Wil'yam med rxpli^; | 

"Hest ! — hest* ! — | pli swift and stroq bx or ! | 

Hest* ! — hest akros' be strxm v !" | 
Agen* Lord Wil'yam hurd a kri | 

Lik Ld'mund'z drcpn'xn skrxrn ! | 

"I hurd a 6ild'z* distres'ful vasv," | 

Ae bcot'man krid agen v . | 
" Nev, hesn on* ! — be nit iz dark* — | 

And wx cud sur£ in ven ." | 

" Q Godx ! Lord Wil'yam, | dust bcp nco \ 

Hep dred'ful 't iz ts di' ? | 
And kanst bcp, wxbept pi'ti, hxr | 

A 6ild'z expir'irj kri'? | 

" Hep ho'nbl it iz ts sink | 

Bxnxb' be 6i'li strxnr, | 
Ts stre£ be pcp'urles armz in ven* ! | 

In ven for help* ts skrxm. !" | 

Ae crxk agen* woz hurd^; | It kem | 

Mcor dxp, fflor pxrsxrj lepdv; | 
Aat in'stant, o'ur be flud, be msn | 

Con Srs a brokn klcpd, ; | 

And nxr bem be bxheld' a £ildv; | 

Upon' a krag|hx stud, | 
A li*tl krag, and ol arcpnd' | 

Woz spred be ri'zirj flud^. | 
31* 



366 PRJVKTXKAL ELfiKUCUN. 

As bot'man plid bx or; | bs bcot | 

Apro6f hxz rss^txn pies, ; | 
As msn'bxm con upon' be 6ild, | 

And cod hep pel hxz fes t . | 

" Ncp rx£ bi hand*," | bs bot'man krid, | 
" Lord Wxl'yam, rx£ and sev* !" | 

As £ild strs£t ford hxz lx'tl handz, | 
Ts grasp be hand hx gev v . | 

Asn Wxl'yam crxkt*: — | bs hand hx tu£t | 
Woz kold, and damp, and dsdv ! | 

Hx fslt yurj Ld x mund xn hxz armz*, | 
A hs'vxur wet ban lsd v ! | 

" Hslp^ ! hslp v ! | for rmrrsx, hslpv," | hx krid*, 

As wo'turz rcpnd mx flo v ." | 
" No, — Wxl'yam, — | ts an xn'fant's kriz | 

No mur'sx dxdst bep cco ( ." 

As bot sunk dcpn\ — | be mur'durur sunk | 

Bxnxb' bx avsn'cjxrj strxnr; | 
Hx rozx — | hx skrxnuh — | no hu'man xr | 

Hurd Wxl'yam'z drqynxrj skrxrn . | 



NUM'BIIR WUE 
(From HvcVz ko'mxk £bnzjal, 183(K) 

It ? s vs'rx hard ! and so xt xz x ? | 

Ts lxv* xn su£ a ro*, | 
And wxt'nss bxs, bat s'vurx Mxs | 

But mx haz got a bo v . | 



PRAKTltKAL LLfiKUCnN. 3G7 

For Luv gcoz kol'in up and dcpn, | 

But hxr hx sxmz ts cun x ; | 
I'm cur hx haz bin askt xnuf | 

Ts kol at Num'bur Wun' ! I 



I'm sxk ov ol be du'bl noks | 

Aat kum ts Num'bur For ! | 
At Num'bur ®rx I ofu sx | 

A lu'vur at bs dor ; | 
And wun in blu, at Num'bur Ts, | 

Kolz delx lik a dun v — | 
It 's vs'rx hard be kum so nxr, | 

And not ts Num'bur Wun! | 

Mxs Bel, I hxr, haz got a dxr | 

Lsfakt'lx ts hur mind*, | 
Bi si'txij at bs wxn'do pen | 

Wxbcpt' a bxt ov blindv ; ] 
But I go in bs bahkonx, | 

Qx6 ex haz nswur dun*, | 
Yet arts bat $riv at Num'bur Fiv | 

Dont tek v at Num'bur Wun, ! | 

'Txz hard, wxb plsn'tx xn be strxt, | 

And plsn'tx pa'sxrj bi'— | 
Aor'z nis yun msn at Num'bur Tsm, 

But on'lx ra'bur ci ¥ ; | 
And Mrs. Smx& akros' be we | 

Haz got a gron up sun\ ; | 
But la N ! hx har'dlx sxmz ts no | 

Aor xz a Num'bur Wun, ! ! 



36 8 PRaKTIKaL ELQKUCUN. 

Mi mu'bur ofn sxts at wurk, | 

And toks ov props and stez v , | 
And qot a kum'furt I cal bx | 

In hur dxkli'nxrj dezv ! | 
Ae ve'rx medz abcpt' be hq)s v | 

Hav set mx dcpn a nun, — | 
Ae swxt'harts q\ bxlorj' ts benr | 

Aat kol at Num'bur Wun ! | 

Wuns con'lx, qen be flu tuk fir, | 

Wun Fri'de afturnsn', | 
Yurj Mr. Lorj x kem kind'lx xn, | 

And tcold mx not ts swsnx. | 
Qi kan't hx kum agem wxbcpt' | 

Ae Fx'nxx and be Sum? | 
Wx ka'not ol'wez hav a flu | 

On fir at Num'bur Wun/ ! | 

I am not old ! ) I am not plem ! | 

Nor ok'ward xn mi get* ! | 
I am not krs^ked lik be brid | 

Aat went from Num'bur Et\ ! | 
I*m cur qit sa'txn med hur luk | 

Az brcpn az e'nx bum ! | 
But xvn bu^tx haz nco 6ans, | 

I &xi)k, at Num'bur Wun, ! | 

At Num'bur Sxx, be se, Mxs Rcoz 
Haz slen a skcar ov harts, | 

And Kupxd, for hur sek, haz bxn 
Kwit pro v dxgal ov dartSv. | 



PR&KTXK&L ELfiKMCUN. 369 

Ax Xmp be co wxb bsn'dsd bco v — | 

I wxc hx had a gun ! j 
But xf hx had, hxM ns'vur den | 

Ts est wxb Numbur Wun, ! | 

It 's vs'rx hard i | and sea xt xz*, ( 

Ts lxv» xn su6 a roJ | 
And hxr'z a ba v Iad sxfyur kum | 

Ts a^gravet mi wo ( : | 
Q tek awe' yur fs'lxc soi) | 

And twnz xnuf' ts stun N — | 
Aor xz "ne luk abcpt v be hqps," | 

I no 1 , at Num'bur Wum! I 



AX ILZ OV GRXS. 
(bi^run.) 

[This song is supposed to have been sung by a Greek minstrel previous 
to the revolution of 1821.] 

Ax ilz ov Grxs* ! | bx ilz ov Grxs x ! 

Qor bur'nxrj Sa v fo luvd and suty, | 
Qor gru bx arts ov wor and pxs% — | 

Qor Dx'los roz, and Fxbus spruq^ ! | 
Xturnal su'mur gxldz bem yeV ; | 
But oi, eksepf bar sun xz set v . 1 

As Si'an and bs Tx v yan muz, | 

As hx'rco'z harp*, | bs lu'vur'z lut, | j 

Hav fcpnd bs fern yur corz rxfuz x ; | 

Aor pies ov bur$ alon' xz miit | 
Ts sqmdz qx6 s'kca fur'bur west | 
Aan yur sir'z " I'landz ov be Blsst/' | 



370 PRaKTIKftL ELfiKIJCTIN. 

Ae mcpn'txnz luk on Ma'ra&on — | 
And Ma'raQon luks on be sx x ; | 

And mu'zir) bor an q)r alon', | 

1 drxmd bat Grxs mit stxl bx fix ; | 

For stand'xi) on be Purcanz' grev, 

I kud not dxm miself a slev^ | 

A kxi} sat on be ro'ki brcp | 

Qxc luks co'ur sx'-born Sa^lamxs ; | 

And cxps, bi Scpzandz, le bxlco', | 

And men xn ne x cunz;— |ol wer hxzj | 

Hx kc^n'ted bem at brek ov de — | 

And qen be sun set, qor wer be r \ | 

And qor ar be ? | and qor art bcp\ j 
Mi kunttri 1 | On bi vas'les cor | 

Ae hxrcoak le xz tuirlss nq>— | 

As hxrorxk bs'zum bxts nco moor ! | 

And must bi lir, so lorj dxvin ; , | 

DxcJe J nuret xn'ts handz lik min' ? | 

'T xz sum'^xi), xn be durS ov fern, \ 
Ao Ixnkt arau]]' a fe v turd res, | 

Ts fxl at lxst a pa'trxut's eem, | 
X'n az I sxn, sufuz' mi fes> ; | 

For qot xz left be pco'et hxr ? | 

For Grxks, a bluc v — | for Grxs, a txr . j 

Must wx but wxp co'ur dez mcor blest ? | 
Must wx but blue 1 | €>r fa'burz bled*. | 

UrS ! ren'dur bak from cpt bi brest | 
A renrnant ov qpr Spartan ded. ! | 

Ov be Orx hun'dred, grant but Srx v , j 

Ts mek a nu ©urmovpxlx ! ( 



PRA.KTXKA.L E L Q K U C U N. 37. 

Qotv ! | si'lent stxl ? | and si'lent ol ? | 
A ! no* ; — | be vci'sxz ov be ded | 

Scpnd lik a dxs'tant to'rent's fol, | 
And an'sur, | " Let wun lx'vxn hed, | 

But wun ( ariz', — | wx kunL, | wx kunr !" | 

'Txz but be lx^vxq hs ar dum*. | 

In ven v — | xn ven* : | strik u^bur kordz* ; | 
Fxl hi be kup wxb Se'mxan win* ! | 

Lxv ba'tlz ts be Turkic hordz\, | 
And ced be blud ov Si'co'z vin* ! | 

Harkv ! | ri'zirj ts bx ignwbl kol — | 

Hep an'surz x£ bcold Ba^kanal ! | 

Yu hav be Px'rxk dans" az yet ; | 
Qor xz be Px'rxk felarjx gon/f | 

Ov ts su6 le'snz, qi forget' | 

Ae nwblur and be man v lxur wun ( ? | 

Yu hav be le'turz Kad'mus gev* — | 

0xrjk yu hx ment bem for a slev? | 

Fxl hi be bcol wxb Se'mxan wiir ! | 
Wx wxl not $xrjk ov Sxmz lik bxz v ! | 

It med Ana'krxon'z son. dxvin* : | 

Hx survd — | but survd Pcolx^kratxz — | 

A tyrant ; | but cpr mas'turz ben | 

Wer stxl, at lxst, cpr kuirtrxmen. | 

Ae ti'rant ov be Kursunxs | 

Woz frx'dum'z best and bre'vest trend* ; | 
Aat ti'rant woz Mxltradxz ! | 

Q, bat be pre'zent cpr wud lend | 
Anu'bur des*pot ov be kind* ! | 
Su6 cenz az hxz wer cur ts bind.. | 



372 PRAKTXKAL LLfiKUCUN. 

Fxl hi bs bol wxb Se'mxan win N ! | 
On Ss'k'z rok, and Par'ga'z cor, | 

Exists' bs rsm'nant ov a lin | 

Su6 az bs DoYxk mu N burz bon; | 

And bor, purhaps , sum sxd xz son, | 

As Hsrakli v dan blud mit on. | 

Trust not for frx'dum ts bs Franks* — | 
Ae hav a kxrj hs biz and sslz* : | 

In ne^txv sordz, and ne'txv rarjks x , | 
Ax on'lx hop ov ku'rxcj dwsta : | 

But Tur'kxc fors, and La'txn frod, | 

Wud brek yur cxld, hcps'vur brod v . | 

Fxl hi bs bol wxb Se'mxan wim ! | 
<Dr vurcjxnz dans bxnxb' be cedx — | 

I sx bor glo'rxus blak iz cur ; j 
But, ge'zxrj on xc glo'xi] rned, | 

Mi on bs burn'xrj txr'-drop levz, | 

Ts \>xrjk sue brssts must su'kl slevz v . | 

Pies mx on Su'nxum'z rnar'bl stxp, | 
Qor nu'&xrj, sev be wevz and I, | 

Me hxr q>r mutual mur'murz swxp v ; | 
Aor, swon x -lik, let mx sxrj and dj\ '. \ 

A land ov slevz cal ns'ur bx mim — | 

Dae depm yon kup ov Se'mxan wi^ ! | 

MiKGRKGUR. 
(hog.) 
" Ma.KGRE'GUR, Makgrs'gur, rxmsm'bur cpr fcrmsn ; 
As msn ri'zxz brod from bs brcp ov Bsn-Lo^mun* ; | 

* The d in Lomond is pronounced in the English dialect ; in the Scottish, it is 



PRAKTXK&L ILfiKKCUN. 373 

As klanz ar xmpe'csnt, and cid bi dxta, | 
Ariz v ! | 1st us bcpnd ts Glsn-Liun awe/' | 

Sturn skcpld bs Makgrs x gur; | bsn silsnt and sudxn, j 
Hx turnd hxz rsd i ts bs brez ov StraSfx^lan ; | 
** Go, Mal'kum, ts slxp^ ; | 1st bs klanz bx dxsmxst* ; | 
As Ka'mslz bxs nit for Makgrs'gur must rsst v ." | 

" Makgrs'gur, Makgrs'gur, cpr skcpts hav bxn fli'xrj, | 
®rx dez, rqmd bs hxlz ov Mak-Nab' and Glsn-Lrun ; | 
Ov ri'dxn and run'xn, sue ti'dxnz be bor | 
Wx must mxt bsm at hormsls be'l kwxk'lx bx hxr ." | 

"As Ka'msl me kum, az hxz pro'mxsxz bind v hxm, | 

And ho'tx Mak-Nab wxb hxz cji'ants bxhind* hxm ; | 

Axs nit I am bcpnd ts rxlxrj'kwxc bs fre, | 

And ds qot xt frx'zxz mi vi'talz ts se^. | 

Forgxv mx, dxr bru'bur, bxs ho'rur ov mind ; | 

Acp no'st xn bs strif I woz ns'vur bxhind*, | 

Nor s'vur rxsxdsd a fit from bs vam, | 

Or blsnct at bx ir or bs prcp v ss ov man . | 

But Pv sworn bi bs kros\ | bi mi God M | and bi oh ! | 

An o& qx6 I ka'not, and dor not rxkok, — 

8r bs ca'doz ov mxd'nit fol xst from bs pil, | 

Ts mxt wxb a spx'rxt bxs nit xn Glsn-GiL | 

" Last nit, xn mi £em'bur, | ol B^ot'ful and Ion | 
I kold ts rxmsm'brans sum dxdz^I had dum, | 
Qsn sn'turd a ledx, | wxb vx'zxcj so won, | 
And luks, su6 az nsvur wsr fasnd on man . | 
I nu v hur, o brubur ! | I nu hur ful wsl ! | 
Ov bat wuns for dem sue a tel I kud tsl | 
Az wud Srxl bi bold hart^ ; | but hep Ion ex rxmend', j 
So rakt woz mi spx'rxt, | mi bszum so pend, | 
32 



374 PR&KTXKkL RLfiKUClIN. 

I no^ notv— | but e^xz sxmd cort* ts be qil v . | 
Ao pro'fur be Hrlandz, | ne, ol be Grxn IP, | 
Wxb len& ov eerxs'tens no man kan en(Jcr, | 
Ae sem ts endur', | be dred pro'fur I'd fir ! | 
Ae $ris-$retnd parjz ov last nit ts forgo', | 
Makgre'gur wud div ts be man'cunz bxlo v . | 
Dxspor'xrj and mad, | ts futu'rxtx blind, | 
Ae pre'zent ts cun, | and sum res'pit ts find, | 
I swor, or be ca'do fel xst from be pil, | 
Ts mxt hur alon' bi be bruk ov Glen-Gil. | 

" Cx told mx, and turnd mi cxld hart ts a ston*, | 
Ae glo'rx and nem ov Makgre'gur woz gon, ; | 
Aat be pin, qxc for ccjxz had ced a brit he'lo, | 
Afar' on be mcpn'txnz ov Hi'land Glen-Fe'lo | 
Cud wx'bur and fol or be turn ov yon msn x , | 
Smxt Brs bi be karj'kur ov he'ted Kolksnx : | 
Aat a fxst on Makgre'gurz xc de cud bx ko'mun, | 
For yxrz v , | ts bx x'glz ov Le-nux and Lwrnun. | 
"A partxrj embres', xn wun mo'ment, cx gev ; | 
Hur bre& woz a firrnxs, | hur bs'zum be gre\\ ! | 
Aen flxfxrj xlu'sxv, | cx sed, wxb a frcpn, | 
'Ae mi'tx Makgre'gur cal yet bx mi on !' " | 

" Makgre'gur, bi fan'sxz ar wild az be wind 1 ; | 
Ae drxmz ov be nit hav dxzor'durd bi mind. | 
Kunr,bu'kl bi pa^noplx — | marc ts be fxld., — | 
Sx, bru'bur, hep hakt ar bi hel'mxt and cxldv ! | 
A*y, bat woz Mak Nab, xn be hit ov hxz prid v , | 
Qen be li'unz ov Do\kart stud furm bi hxz sid v . | 
Axs nit be prepd 6xf hxz prxzum'cun cal nr, | 
Riz v , bru'bur, | bxz 6xnks xn hxz hart'-blud wxl gluv 



PRMiTIKM LLilKIJCUN. 375 

Ai fantasxz frit'ful cal flit on be wxn x , | 
Qen lcpd wxb bi bu'gl Glen-Liun cal rxn v ." | 

Lik glxmps ov be msn Srs be storm ov be nit x , | 
Makgre'gur'z red i ced wun sparkl ov lit : | 
It fe v ded — | it darknd — | hx cirdurd — | hx sidv — | 
" Nov ! not for be yumvurs !" | lo hx rxplid . | 

Awe' went Makgre'gur, | but went not alon ; | 
Ts woe be dred ran'dxvs, | Mahkum haz gon*. | 
Ae 03rd be brod Lo'mun, so stxl and sxrxn ! | 
And dxp xn hur bs'zum, hep o^ful be sxnv ! | 
Q'ur mqm'txnz xnvur'ted be bin wo'turz kurld, | 
And rokt bem on skiz ov a far ne'bur wurkL I 

Ql si lent be went, | for be tim woz apro^cxr), | 

Ae msn be blu zx'nxft olre'dx woz tn£xn. ; | 

Nod fut woz abrod' on be fo'rest or hxl% | 

No scpnd but be lu'labi sur] bi be rxk ; | 

Yun Mal'kum, at dxs'tans, krcp6t trem'blxn be qil — j 

Makgre'gur stud Ion bi be bruk ov Glen-Gih | 

Fu mx'nxts had past, or be spid on be strxm, | 
A skxf se'lxrj lit, qor a le x dx dxd sxm. ; | 
Hur sel woz be web ov be go^samur'z Ism, | 
Ae glo'-wurm hur weHit, | be ren'bo hur bsniv ; | 
A dxm re'les bxm woz hur prep and hur mast, | 
Lik woDld'-fir, at mxd v nit, bat glorz on be west v . | 
Ao ruf woz be rx'vur wxb rok and kasked v , | 
No to'rent, no rok, hur vxlo'sxtx stedv ; | 
Cx wxm'pld be wo'tur ts we'bur and Ix v , | 
And hxvd az xf born on be wevz ov be sx,. | 
Mut Ne'bur woz rqpzd xn be bcpndz ov be glen x , | 
Ae wild dxr ov Glart'nx aban'dund hxz den, I 



376 PRaKTIKAL LLfiKIJCUN. 

Fled pant'xrj awe', GD'vur rx'vur and il», | 

Nor wuns turnd hxz i ts be bruk ov Glen«Gh\. j 

Ae fox fled An te rur ; | bx x'gl awcak', | 
Az slum'burxrj hx dozd xn be celf ov be rok, | 
Astomxct ; | ts hid xn be msn'-bxm hx flu, | 
And skrud be nit'-hevn txl lost xn be blu x . | 

Yurj Mal'kum bxheld' be pel le'dx aprofr, | 
Ae dxftxn salut x hur, | and crxrjk from hur tuc\. | 
Hx so be Makgre'gur nxl depn on be plen, | 
Az beg'xrj for sum'Sxrj hx kud not obten* ; | 
Cx rezd hxm xndxg v nant, | dxri'ded hxz ste', | 
Aen dot hxm on bord > | set hur sel, and awe v . | 

Aq fast be red bark depn be rx'vur dxd glid, | 
Yet fas'tur ran Mal'kum adepn' bi xts sid> ; ] 
" Makgre v gur ! | Makgre'gur !" | hx bx'turlx krid* ; j 
" Makgrevgur ! | Makgre gur \" | bx ekcoz rxplid v . | 
Hx struk at be le^dx ; | but, strencj bca xt sxm, | 
Hxz scord on'lx fel on be roks and be strxmv ; | 
But be grconz from be beat, bat asen'ded amen', | 
Wer gronz from a bs'zum xn ho'rur and pen.. — | 
Ae rx6t be dark lek, and dot lit'lx awe*; | 
Makgre'gur xz va'nxct for e'vur and e^ ! | 



AE GKS : OR NE"CLTR AND FILO SQFL 

(&N0NXMU9.) 

Pkr Fri'ar Fxlxp lost hxz wif , | 
Ae 6arm and kum'furt ov hxz lif. | 
Hx mornd hur not lik mo v durn men, | 
For le'dxz wer wur9 hav^xrj ben,. | 



PRAKTXKSVL LLQKUCUN. 377 

As wurld woz ohturd in hxz vir, | 
Q\ Sxrjz put on a y#ka hv/. \ 
Xvn le x dxz, | wuns hxz 6xf dxlits | 
Wer ncp ofen^sxv ts hxz sk — | 
In cort, hx pind and lukt so xl, | 
As dok'tur hopt ts get a bib. | 

At last hx med a vcp ts fli v , | 

And hid hxmself from e'vurx I» — | 

Tek up hxz lo'(jxrj xn a wud v , | 

Ts turn a hurmxt, | and grco gud 4 . | 

Hx had a 6ild* ncp, yu must no, | 

Abcpf a twelv-munft cold x , or son: | 

Hxm Fi'Iip tuk up in hxz armz, | 

Ts sna£ hxm from ol fx'mel ^armz 1 , — | 

Inten'dxq hx cud ne'vur no | 

Aor wer su6 ftxrjz az gurlz v bxlov ; | 

But lxd an o'nest hurmxt's lif — 

" For," sed hx, " hx mit lsz 1 hxz wif ." j 

As pies hx 6coz for hxz rxtrxt', | 
Woz wuns a li'un'z kunta sxt. | 
Far xn a wild roman'txk wud v , | 
As hurmxt's Ix'tl ko'tecj stud, | 
Hid bi be trxz from hu'man vux-— | 
As sun himself kud skors get Srs^. | 
A li'tl gar'dn, txld wxb kor, | 
Suplid' bem wxb bor de'lx fon : | 
Free wo v tur-kre*sxz from be sprxrp, | 
Tunnips and grxnz v , or sum su£ Oxrj' — | 
Hur'mxts dont kor mu6 qot be xt ; | 
And apxtit' kan mek xt swxt v . | 
32* 



378 P R ft K T X K ft L LLnKIJCltN. 

'T woz hxr cpr lx'tl hurmxt gru. | 

Hxz fa'bur tot hxm ol hx iilt ; | 

Adap'txn, lik a 6xr'ful secj, | 

Hxz lesnz ts be pu'pxl'z e^. | 

At fiv yxrz old hx cod hxm flcpmrz, | 

Tot hxm bar ve'rxus nemz, and pcpmrz ; 

Aen tokt ov li,unz, wulvz v and barz, — | 

Axqz 6xl'dren hxr wxb ol bar xrz* ; | 

Tot hxm ts bio upon' a rxd v , | 

Ts se hxz prarzs and get be krxd . | 

At ten hx lsk'durd hxm on urbz* | 
(Be'tur ban lur'nxn ncpnz and vurbz), | 
As nemz and kwo'lxtxz ov trxz x , [ 
Ma'nurz and kus'tumz ov be bxz*, | 
Aen tokt ov as^turz ful ov purlz* ; | 
But not a wurd^ abcpt' be gurlz v . | 
At fxf'txn yxrz, hx turnd hxz iz | 
Ts vu be wun'durz ov be skizv : | 
Kold ol be starz bi bor rit nemz*, | 
Az yu wud kol on Don or JDemzv ; | 
And cod hxm ol be sinz abuv x ; | 
But not a qxs v pur abcpt' luv v . | 

And ncp hxz sxx s txn& yxr woz ni ; | 
And yet hx had not lurnd ts si v ; | 
Had slxp and a'pxtit ts spar ; | 
Hx kud not tel be nenr ov kor'; | 
And ol bxkoz' hx dxd not. no | 
Aor wer sue &xnz az gurlz x bxlo . | 
But ncp a tempest recjd arcpnd, — | 
Ae hurmxt's lx'tl nest woz drcpnd v : | 



PEMvTKKaL ELfiKIJCUN. 379 

Gud bi ben ts psr Fx'lxp's krop^ — | 
It did not lxv a turnxp-top. | 
Psr Fxlxp grxvd, and hxz sun ts- ; | 
Ae pred x — | be nu not qot ts ds\ | 
If be wer hunmxts, be must lxv y ;| 
And wulvz hav not mu6 amz x ts gxv . | 

Ncp, xn hxz ne'txv tcpn, hx nu | 

Hx had dxsrplz, | rx£ wunz ts, | 

Hs wud not 1st hxm beg xn ven x , | 

But set be hurmxt up x agen v . | 

But qot ts ds wxb hxz yuq sun* — | 

Pre tel mx qot wud yu v hav dun ? | 

Tek hxm ts tcpn, hx woz afred* ; | 

For qot xf hx cud sx a med t ? | 

In luv, az cur az hx had iz*; | 

Aen e'nx kwon'txtx ov siz v ;| 

Lxv hxm at hcom — be wulvz, be borz x ! | 

Psr Fx'lxp had a fabur'z fxrz v . | 

In cort, hx nu not qot v ts ds v ; | 

But dot at last ts tek hxm ts*. | 

And so, wxb tru'lx pi'us kor, | 

Hx meks a gud lon-wxn'ded pror* ; | 

Inten'ded az a sort ov 6arm | 

Ts kxp hxz dar'lxrj lad from harm*; | 

Aat xz, from prx'tx le'dxz' wilzs | 

Lspe'calx bor iz* and smilz* ; | 

Aen bruct hxz kcot ov sx'lvur gre* ; | 

And ben yu sx bem on bor we. | 

It woz a tcpn, be ol agrx', | 
Qor bor woz e-vurx dxn ts sx\\ 



380 PRSYKTXK&L ELQKLJCUN. 

Az pemtxrjz, | sta^uz, | and sccp on — | 

Ql bat men luv ts luk* upon v . | 

<Dr lx'tl lad, yju me supcoz', | 

Had ne'vur sxn sco me'nx ccoz*. | 

Hx standz wxb copn mcfd and iz v , | 

Lik wun cjust foln from be skiz*, | 

Pan'txi) at e'vurx $xrj hx sxz^ : | 

"Qot's bxs/?— | Qot's baH— | Q, hxr! qot's bxz/?" 

At last hx sxz a 6armxi) Sxrj \ 

Aat men kol eircjel qen be sxrj v , | 

Yurj le v dx, qen be spxk xn prcoz v — | 

Swxt Sxrj az e N vurx bo.dx ncoz v : | 

Transported, ravxct at be sit', | 

Hx fxlz a strenc], but swxt v dxlit x — | 

" Qot's bxsj — | qot's bxs*? — | co he vnz !" hx kriz, 

" Aat luks sq swxt v lx wxb xts iz* ? | 

Q, cal I ka£ xt? | Xz xt tem 'I \ 

Qot xz' xt, favbur ? | qot's xts nem. ?" | 

Psr Fx'lxp nu not qot ts se v , | 
But trid ts turn hxz iz awe. | 
Hx krost hxmself', an'd med a vq\ ; | 
" *T xz az I fxrd, — | ol'z co'vur ncp !" | 
Aen, " Prx'bx, hav bi wxts let lss v ; | 
It xs a burd men kol a gssx." | 
"A gss ! — | Q, prx^tx, prx'tx Sxrj ! | 
And wxl xt sxrj ts ?- — | wxl xt sxrj ? | 
Q kum, kum kwx x klx, — let us rum, — | 
Aat's a gud x fa'bur, — kafr mx wun ! | 
Wx'l tek xt wxb us ts cpr sel' — | 
Indxd xndxd- ! I'l trxt xt wel." | 



PR&KTXKftL EL12KUCUN. 381 

DURD OV ALARIK, AE VXZXGO0, 

Hs stormd and spald 6s si'ti ov Rcom, and woz af- 
turwurd bs'rxd xn 6s Sa'nsl ov 6s rx'vur Bvsswcxus, 
6s wo'tur ov qxS had bin dxvurfsd from its kcors 
6at 6s bo'di mit bx xntsrd^. 

(EDWURD EVURET, LL.D.) 

Qen I am dsd, nco pa'cjunt tren 
Cal west bar so'rcoz at mi bxr v , 

Nor wurS'lss pomp ov ho'mec) veil 
Sten it wxb hxpcokrxt'xk txn ; 

For I wxl di az I dxd lxv^ 

Nor tek bs b^n I ka'not gxv v . 

Yx cal not rez a mar'bl bust' 

Upon' bs spot qor I rxpazv; 
Yx cal not fon upon' mi dust, 

In ho'lo sur'kumstans ov woz*; 
Nor skulp'6urd kle, wxb li'in bred, 
Insult' bs kle bat mcoldz bxnxb v . 

Yx cal not pil, wxb survxl tod, 
Yur mon'yumsnts upon' mi brsst x , 

Nor yst wxbxn' bs komun sol 
Le dcpn bs rsk ov pqyur te rsst, 

Qor man kan bost bat hx haz trod 

On hxm bat woz " bs skurcj ov God/' 

But yx bs mcpnfxn-strxm cal turn, 

And le its sx'krst £a'nsl bor, 
And ho'lo, for yur suv'rxn'z urn, 

A rsst'xn-ples fors'vur bov; 



382 PRa.KTXK&L ELfiKIJCUN. 

Aen bxd xts svurlast'xrj sprxrjz 
FIq bak 1 upon' bs kxrj ov kxrjz* ; 
And ns'vur bx bs sx'krst ssd, 
Until' bs dxp gxv up hxz dsd v . 

Mi gold and sxl'vur yx cal flxrj 

Bak tx be klodz bat gev bsm bur8v 

As kap'curd krcpnz ov ms'nx a kxn/, 
As ransum ov a korj'kurd ur^; 

For, x'n bo dsd\ wxl I kontrol' 

Ae tro'fxz ov bs ka v pxtol. 

But qsn bxnxb' bs mcpnt'xn-tid 

Yx'v led yur mo'nark dcpn te rol, 
Yx cal not rxr upon' xts sid, 

Px'lar or mcpnd x te mark bs spot*; 
For lorj xnuf bs wurld haz cuk 
Bxnxb' bs ts'rurz ov mi luk* ; 
And nop bat I hav run mi res, 
Ax asto'nxct rslmz cal rsst* a spes v . 

Mi kors woz lik a rxVur dxp*, 

And from bs nor'burn hxlz I burst, 

Akros' bs wurld xn rad te swxp x , 
And qor I wsnt bs spot woz kurst 

Nor bled ov gras agsn' woz sxm 

Qor A'l&rxk and hxz hosts' had bxn 

Sx hep bar ho'tx ba'rxur'z fel 
Bxnxb' bs ts'rurz ov bs Go&', 

Aor i'urn-brsstsd lx'cjunz kwel 
Bxfor' mi rud'lss sa'bao&, 

And lo bs kwxn ov smpir nxlz*, 

And gro'vlz at mi Carxut-qxlz. 



PRAKTIKAL ELfiKUCUN. 383 

Not for miself' dxd I asend' 

In cjucj'ment mi trium'fal kar . 
'Twoz God alcon on hi did send 

Ax avengj'xrj Sx$'xan t^ be wor, 
Ts cek abrod', wxb i'urn hand, 
Ax apont'ed skurcj ov hxz komand v . 

Wxb i'urn hand bat skuro| I rxrd 
Q'ur gxlt'x kxrj and gxlt'x relnv : 

Dxstrukcun woz be cxp* I stxrd*, 
And ven'cjans sat upon' bx helms 

Qen, lan£t xn fu'rx on be flud, 

I plcpd mi we Sn? sxz ov blud', 

And, xn be strxm bar harts had spxlt, 

Woct (pt be lorj arxrz' ov gxlt v . 

Akros' bx evurlast'xrj Alp 

I pord be to'rent ov mi pcpmrz, 
And fx'bl Sx'zarz crxkt for help 

In ven wxbxn' bor se'vn-hxld tcpmrz; 
I k\ven6t xn blud be brit'est cjem 
Aat glxt'urd xn bar di'adem, 
And struk a dark'ur, dxp'ur di 
In be pur'pl ov bar ma^cjestx; 
And bad mi nor'burn ba'nurz cin 
Upon' be korj'kurd Pa^latin. 

Mi kcors xz run\ mi e'rand dun v ; 

I go tx Hxm from qens I kenv ; 
But ne'vur yet cal set be sun 

Ov glco'rx bat adornz' mi nenv; 
And Rorman harts cal Ion. bx sxk, 
Qen men cal Sxnk ov Al&iuk. 



384 PRAKTIKftL ELfiKUCUN. 

Mi kcors xz run', mi E'rand dun* — 
But dark'ur mx'nxsturz ov fet, 

Impe'cent, rcpnd bx xturnal Sron, 
And xn bs kevz ov ven'tjans wet; 

And ssn mankind' cal blen6 awe* 

Bxfcor bs nem ov Atxia. 



EKSELSJtGR. 

(HENRX W. LOJJFELfi.) 

Ae cedz ov nit wsr fol'xrj fast-, 
Az Sra an Al'pxn vx'lxcj past 
A yui>, \rs boor, mxd snco and is, 
A ba'nur wxb bxs strentj dxviss 

Lkssbsxor ! 

Hxz brcp woz sad x ; hxz i bxnxb' 
Flact lik a fal'cun from xts c*S v , 
And lik a sxl'vur klarxun rurj 
Ax akssnts ov bat unncon' turj, 
Lkssbsxor ! 

In ha'px homz hx so bs lit 
Ov hcps'hcold firz glxm worm and brit* 
Abuv, be spsk'tral gle v cxrz con, 
And from hxz Ixps sskepf a grcon, 
Lkssbsxor ! 

" Tri not bs pas* !" bx cold man ssd^ ; 
" Dark lcpmrz bs tsm'psst covurhsds 
As roor'xrj to'rent xz dxp and wid% !" 
And lcpd bat kla'rxun vos rxplid', 
Lkssl'sxor ! 



PRSV-KTIKAL RLC1KIJCUN. 385 

"Q stes" be medn sed, " and rest 
Ai wx'rx hed upon' bis brestvl" 
A txr stud xn hiz brit blu i, 
But stxl hx an'surd, wxb a si, 
Lksel v sxor ! 

" Bxwor be pin trx'z wi'burd branc* ! 
Bxwor' bx o'ful a v valanc !" 
Axs woz be pedant's last gud-nitv ; 
A vqs rxplid', far up be hit, 
Lksefsxor ! 

At brek ov de, az hevn'ward 
Ae pi'us murjks ov Sent Burnard 
Ut'urd bx oft rxpxt'ed pror, 
A vqs krid Srs be start'ld or, 
Lksei'sior ! 

A tra'vxlur, bi be feS'ful hcpnd, 
Haf-beTid xn be sno? woz fcpnd, 
Stxl grasp'xi) xn hiz hand ov is 
Aat ba'nur wxb be stren^ dxvis', 
Lkselsxor ! 

Aor, xn be twi'lit kcold and gre, 
Lif'les, but bu'tiful, hx le, 
And from be ski, sxrxn' and far, 
A vqs fel, lik a fol'xq star! 
LkseFsxor I 
33 



^6^ 



; ^Di 



9 



ELOCUTION TAUGHT — STAMMERING CURED. 



Q 

§ 




DR. COMSTOCK'S 

YOCAL GYMNASIUM, 

No. 102 AKCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

This Institution, which has heen in successful operation since 1828, is designed for 
the Promotion of Health, the Core of Stammering and Defective Articulation, for 
Instruction in Elocution and Phonetics, and for the Acquisition of Ancient and 
Modern Languages. 

In this Institution, Elocution is treated as a science, as well as an art. The various 
movements of the voice, hoth in speech and song, are illustrated by original diagrams 
and by oral instruction. The exercises give the pupil complete command of the mus- 
cles of articulation, extend th? compass of the voice, and render it smooth, powerful, 
and melodious. They not only call forth all the energies of the vocal organs, correct 
stammering, lisping, and other impediments of speech, but they invigorate the lungs, 
aud, consequently, fortify them against the invasion of disease. The vocal exercises 
are not unfrequently accompanied by gesticulation, or the use of the dumbbells. 
Hence, to a certain extent, general gymnastics are associated with those of the voice; 
and awkwardness of manner and posture is removed by the substitution of rhetorical 
grace. In other words, all the voluntary muscles of the trunk and limbs are so 
trained as to move in the order required by the will, synchronously and harmoni- 
ously with those of the voice. 

TICKETS PER COURSE. 

For Instructing the Dumb to Speak 1 year $1000 

Instruction for the Cure of Stammering 10 weeks 100 

Correction of Defective Articulation 50 private lessons 50 

Private Instruction in Elocution 30 lessons, each 1 hour 30 

Instruction in Elocution, in a class 60 lessons, each 1 h. 30 min.... 30 

Instruction in Elocution, in the evening class.. 30 lessons, each 1 h. 30 min.... 15 
Instruction in Languages , 30 lessons, in a class 15 

4®~ The ticket, in each case, to be paid for in advance. Board, in the Institution, 
from $5 to $10 per week, in advance. 

JOS^- No one can become a pupil in the Vocal Gymnasium, who spits on the floor, 
or is not otherwise cleanly in his habit — no member of the Institution is allowed to use 
tobacco in any form. 

ANDREW COMSTOCK, M.D, Principal, 
No. 102 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



@G£ 



sv 



z£Gk 



DR. A. COMSTOCK'S WORKS. 

PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 
No. 102 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 



Comstock's System of Elocution, with special reference to Gesture, fce 
the Treatment of Stammering, and Defective Articulation ; comprising nearly 300 
Diagrams and Engraved Figures illustrative of the subject. Price, $1 ; postage, 17 
cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Speaker, a reprint of the System of Elocution, in 
the Author's Perfect Alphabet. Price, $1; postage, 17 cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Reader; consisting of a Selection of Pieces, Classical 
and Moral, in Prose and Verse, in both the Old and the New Alphabet. Designed 
for Schools, as well as for individuals, whether natives or foreigners, who wish to 
acquire the true pronunciation of the English Language. Price, $1 ; postage, 17 cts. 

Comstock's Phoneticon, a large Chart, comprising—; first, the Elementary 
Sounds of the English Language— second, numerous Engravings, showing the best 
posture of the mouth, in the energetic utterance of the elements — third, a Perfect 
Alphabet, graphic and typic— fourth, Exercises in Pitch, Force, and Melody— -fifth, 
Exercises in Gesture. Mounted on rollers. Price, $3. 

Comstock's System of "Vocal Gymnastics— a Key to the Phoneticon — 
comprising Exercises in Articulation. Pitch, Force, Melody, Modulation, and Ges- 
ture; arranged as they are practised in the Author's Vocal Gymnasium. Price, 25 
cents ; postage, 3 cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Minstrel ? consisting of Original Songs, in the New, 
as well as in the Old Alphabet, set to Music. Price 12 cents; postage, 1 cent. 

My Iiittle Geography, in Comstock's Perfect Alphabet, comprising more than 
50 Engravings. Edited by Mrs. Tuthill. Price, 25 cents ; postage, 5 cents. 

Epitome Historise Sacrpe, on an improved plan, with an Interlinear Trans- 
lation. Designed as a Primary Book in the study of the Latin Language. Edited 
by A. Comstock, M.D. Price, $1; postage, 25 cents. 

Pope's Homer's Iliad, Book I., with an Essay on Homer, and copious 
Foot-notes — 126 8vo. pages, in the Phonetic Alphabet. Price, 50 cts.; postage, 7 cts. 

The New Testament, in Comstock's Perfect Alphabet — 397 octavo pages— 

substantially bound. Price, $1.25 ; postage, 28 cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Magazine, in two volumes, neatly bound in muslin. 
Price of each, $1.25 ; postage, 20 cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Telegraph. Price, 50 cents; postage, 10 cents. 

Comstock's Treatise on Phonology. Price, 38 cents ; postage, 7 cents. 

Comstock's Phonetic Reader, No. 1. ) 

^ , . -r » x> j ^- < Price, 25 Cents; postage, 4 cents. 

Comstock's Juvenile Reader, 3k o* 1. ' 

[Dr. C is preparing, for publication, An Etymological and Pronouncing Dictionary 
of the English Language— the pronunciation to be given in phonetic characters. As 
the pronunciation will be in the New Alphabet, this Dictionary will answer all th« 
purposes of a Phonetic Dictionary, as well as those of a common Dictionary.] 

&sf All orders for the above works must be accompanied with the cash, and di- 
rected to 



ANDREW COMSTOCK, M.D., 
No. 102 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



PHONOLOGY. 127 

A LETTER 

Fi-orn Andrew Comstock, M. D., to his Nephew, A. C. Morey, 

Philadelphia, August 3, 1855. 

Mi ns'vu, dxr, inklin' yur xr, 

And lisn tH mi sorjv ; 
It 's mi bxlxf' it wil bx brxft; 

So, 'twil not kxp yu lorjw 

As htl not yu \rs mx root 
Haz kuim — I'v rsd it Sr*r; 

Wibcpt dxle', I send tY-de 
A is an'sur bab \rs yuv : — 

Yu wic ts no, I plen'li sx, 

If I wil 1st yu beard wib mx 

Qil yu atsnd' bs lsk'6urz hxr 

In bis, and bs suksxd'irj yxr, 

And cpr M. D'z tK yu impart' 

A no'lsc] ov be hxlurj artw 

I'l bord yu, sur, bs prs'zsnt yxr, 

If nu'vhrj ad'vurs inturfxn; 

And yu wil kxp kwit sur'kumspskt, 

And dK qot I cal nq> dirsktt : — 

Yu ns'vur hxr must smok, or 6u 

Toba^ko, sun; for, if yu dn, 

Not ondi yu '1 yursslf' dizgres', 

But stand a £ans "ts lsz yur pies*." 

Tcoba'kco, sur, I dn dxspiz* — 

It bo$ ofsndz' mi noz and iz* ; 

I ka'not bar be durt'i stuf', 

In lxf, in pig'tel, or in snuf ; 



128 PHONOLOGY. 

So ds not ihijk ts brii) it hxr 
Qor not unse x vuri kan apxn. 
Yu must not bx cpt let at nit, 
Or yu '1 disturb' yur Uqkl, kwiti ; 
Wib durt'i fxt ne'ur pas be dor, 
Nor e'vur spit upon' be flcor* ; 
Nor bak'ward lxn upon' yur £or 
Qen yu ar £at'irj wib be for; 
Nor x'n at e'm wbur tiim — 
It duz not wib polities 6imw 
Bxsidz*, I tel yu, if yu d^, 
Yu'l in'cjur 6or and kar'pet tXv — - 
Indxd', be 6or yu mit brek dqm, 
Qi£ ben wud kost yu haf a krqm 
Tk get rxpordw Ais, I bxlxv, 
Mi wur'bi frend, wud mek yu grxvi: 
Yu wud not lik frs pe cpt kac 
Ts mend a 6or bat's gon ts smaCw 
Aen sit xrekt x ; and, if yu kan, 
Akt cpt be pur'fekt c]en x tlman; 
Luk wiz, and dig'nifid, and grevv — 
Bx 6xr'ful, boy — x£ morn'ii) cev\ 
And dres in garments nxt and klxm; 
Sue" az on dx^sent foks ar sxnw 

Aen I'l not bx acemd' ov yu, 

Nor cal I e'ur, indxd', dxmur' 
Tk intrcodus' yu t» a frend — 
a Mi ne*vu, Mr. Mem, sun." 

Yur Ui)*kl, lad', 

ANDRLJ. 
Mr. A. K. Mom. 



PHONOLOGY. 129 

REPLY OF 

A. C. Morey to Andrew Comstock, M. D. 

Glen Cove, N. Y, August 5, 1855. 

Dxr II q x kl, — Yurz ov Q'gust $urd' 

Woz yss^turde rxsxvd*; 
I Sank* yu for yur kind rxpli' — 

It ha$ mi mind rxlxvd* ; 

For ncp I Sink wx'l harmoniz, 

And mek tim smscVli gov ; 
And I ©pin' yu'l Sink s©, for, 

Qen yu' rxd qot 's bxl©x : — 

Bit glad am I ts no bat yu 
T©ba'k© nx'bur smcok nor £uv. 
It ot tK bx, az iz yur plan, 
£s£ud' bi s'vuri dx^sent man*. 
Ae filS'i wxd /ns'vur 6u, 
Nor mek mi n©z a 6im'm-flu 
For self, or vul'gar 6umz» ; nor yet 
Mek mi pr©bo'sis a dust x -pitw 
I tel yu, sur' (tK giv m©r s<J 
Un'ts mi wurdz'), I'v sind a ple^ 
Aat I wil nx'bur smcak nor 6u», 
But lxd a dx N sent lif, lik yuv. 
Mi Ma and Unkl sur'tmli 
Ar 6il'dren ov wun fannili ; 
For Mu'bur mx rit urdi tot 
Aat skrepurz wsr not med for not*; 
And bat I cud not E'vur spit 
In ples'iz qor fcoks stand, or sit*. 



130 PHONOLOGY. 

Lok up at nit qene'ur yu 6hz»; 
Mi locj'ii] I cal sel'dum lsz*. 
Az t^ mi tilt'irj bak mi dor 
Qen I am " £at'ii] wib be for," 
I \hrjk wun turn komplxt'li o'ur, 
And wun gud smac upon' be flor, 
Wud tx£ a lesn bat wud tend 
Su£ akts boraf'tur ts amend*. 
I hav nco dcpt yur prak'tist i 
Wil me'ni kor'nurz, ruf, espiv. 
Bi wurd, or luk, bxz, qen yu find, 
Trim of eg-akt'li tx yur mind*. 
"Bx cxrful!" Aus I lib tK bxv ; 
But, "cev x£ morn'" — alas*! a mxv! 
Pre, qot's be yus tx cev of klxn, 
A 6in on qi£ no bxrd* iz sxn* ? 
But x'n be form*, I wil go drs, 
Ov cevirj, if rxkwird' bi yui. 
Mi dres ov sue" a kind cal bx 
Az yu cal bx wel plxzd ts sxx : 
Tru, not extra'vagant in pris, 
But ol'wez "klxm, and nxt'," and ni8u 
And cur I wil, az far 'z I kan, 
"Akt cpt be pur'fekt cjen*tlman." 
In bxz fu linz yu wil dxtekt' 
A plecj tx dx qot yu "direktv." 

So, Urjkl, qen mi skxl iz dun, 

I cal not lorj "dxmur'" 
Tk tek up mi abod* wib yui. 
Yur Ne'vu, 

A. K. MQ'RI, Sun 
Dr. A. Kom^stok. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 



To the Editor of the Troy Daily Whig : 

Sir — You are aware that a gentleman from Philadelphia, Dr. Cornstock, 
is now giving lessons in Elocution ; but perhaps you are not aware of the 
merits of bis system or the extent of its usefulness; it is in many respects 
entirely original, in others founded on the investigations of the most dis- 
tinguished vocalists. I have attended a few lessons, and am highly grati- 
fied that I have embraced the opportunity. Some of the gentlemen who 
have professed to teach Elocution in our city have given some satisfaction, 
but none have been able to handle the subject as he takes it up ; his treat- 
ment of it is simple, natural, philosophical ; he is prepared to meet any 
case of impediment in speaking, reading, or singing. If a pupil can speak 
or read at all, Dr. Cornstock will teach him to do it well. Musicians also 
would do well to look into his system : they will find in it exercises to givo 
force and melody to the voice that have never occurred to them. And 
besides the improvement in singing, and that most valuable of all accom- 
plishments,j>-ood reading, there is another to be derived from these exer- 
cises, which is far more important than either — it promotes health. The 
plan is so constructed as to call forth all the energies of the vocal organs — 
the lungs particularly are fortified and invigorated by practice according 
to his system ; and in this view of the subject I would suggest to our phy- 
sicians, who in general evince great assiduity and skill in preventing as 
well as removing disease, that they do so much for the public weal, as to 
call on Dr. Cornstock that they may know the advantages of the vocal 
exercises. 

It is to be regretted that Dr. Cornstock will remain but a short time 
with us; but short as it is, those who wish to profit by his instructions will 
have time to do so. Yours, P. 

August 15, 1834. 



From the Philadelphia Commercial Intelligencer, August 20, 1834. 

We have observed with pleasure in the Troy Whig of the 15th instant, 
a favourable notice of that excellent Elocutionist of our city, Dr. Cornstock, 
He is giving lessons in Elocution at Troy with much success. 



Fwm the Troy Daily Whig of August 30, 1834. 

DR. COMSTOCK'S LECTURES. 

Mr. Editor. — Yesterday, I had the pleasure to hear an interesting Lec- 
ture on Elocution, by Andrew Cornstock, M. D. from the city of Philadel- 
phia. He understands the elementary sounds of the English Language 
well, and appears to have entire command over the vocal organs. He ex- 

(7) 



8 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

plains the movements of the voice by diagrams, and measures the varla. 
tions of pitch by the musical scale. He has with him two books on prac- 
tical elocution, of which he is the author — the Rhythmical Reader, which 
contains pieces adapted to the taste of ladies, and Practical Elocution, 
which is designed for gentlemen. He teaches his pupils from these books 
how to r^ad in a graceful manner. If an individual has a feeble voice, it 
can be strengthened ; if harsh, softened, by pursuing the course he recom. 
mends. He clearly points out the difference between boisterous and eUu 
quent speaking; and he shows how to produce a great effect upon a public 
assembly, with very little effort. 

The simplicity and power of the organs of speech furnish, I think, suf- 
ficient reason for the exclamation: 

" How wonderful is man . 
How passing wonder He 
Who made him such." 

Whoever wishes to attain the faculty of speaking with correctness and 
elegance, in public places, and in the social circle, would do well to call and 
examine the system for themselves. 

A Friend to the Science of speaking well. 



From the Troy Daily Budget of September 8, 1834. 
DR. COMSTOCK'S LECTURES. 

Mr. Editor — There is no branch of education more deserving of public 
attention than oratory. Volumes have been written upon it. It has been 
cultivated, as a science, in all civilized countries; and its power has been 
universally felt and acknowledged. Its use and importance have occupied 
the attention of many distinguished men of our own and other countries. 
Were it otherwise, orators could not command, as they now do, M the ap. 
plause of listening senates." To speak well is one of the highest attain- 
ments to which our hopes can aspire. 

Permit me, Sir, to invite those who wish to attain this invaluable science, 
to attend Dr. Comstock's Lectures on Elocution, at the Court House. His 
manner of reading is bold, original, and striking. I have attended his 
Lectures for several days ; and, in common with his other pupils, highly 
appreciate them. He is, in the opinion of all who have heard him lecture, 
a faithful, capable, and excellent elocutionist. 

A Friend to Oratory 



Dr. Comstock has been instructing my pupils two hours in a day for 
two weeks, in Elocution,; and I am happy in having an opportunity to 
bear testimony to their unexampled improvement in reading and speaking 

G. W. Francis. 
Troy, September 5, 1835 



RECOMMENDATIONS. ' 9 

From the Philanthropist, Philadelphia, January 16, 1836. 
ELOCUTION. 

We would recommend to those individuals who wish to become chaste 
and accomplished speakers, to take a course of instruction of Dr. Andrew 
Comstock, whose merits as an elocutionist we have had the opportunity to 
prove. 

His system, which has the best claims to respect, will commend itself 
to persons of taste, as it is entirely free from theatrical affectation, or arti- 
ficial display, and founded on truth and nature. Many gentlemen in the 
learned professions, and individuals in other spheres of life, who have 
received the benefits of his instruction, and who are therefore the well- 
qualified judges of his skill in this science, have given him unsolicited 
and unqualified praise. We wish him continued success. 



From the United States Gazette, May 7, 1836. 
DR. COMSTOCK'S LECTURES ON ELOCUTION. 

Mr. Editor : — Having occasion on my return from Washington to New 
York, to stop a few days at Philadelphia, I most cheerfully availed myself 
of the opportunity of witnessing the exercises in Elocution in which Dr 
Comstock's pupils are engaged, and it affords me pleasure to say, that I 
have been very highly gratified. 

The skill with which the Doctor imparts to his pupils a knowledge of 
the science and art of Elocution, and the proficiency which they have 
already made, are conclusive evidences that Elocution " can be taught." 
It was taught during the flourishing ages of Greece and Rome. Demos- 
thenes and Cicero studied it in those republics, and studied it thoroughly 
anterior to their successful appearance before their fellow-citizens aa 
orators. 

I wish, Mr. Editor, that some of our members of Congress could, or 
rather would, put themselves under the tuition of Dr. Comstock, or some 
other accomplished Elocutionist, long enough, at least, to learn the princi- 
ples upon which good reading and speaking are founded. If our national 
legislators had a knowledge of Elocution, as taught by Dr. Comstock, they 
certainly would be heard with much more attention and interest ; and, I 
may add, they would be more useful to the country. 

Ministers of the Gospel, too, by becoming first-rate readers and speakers, 
can promulgate with ease and facility, the truths of Christianity. Reli 
gion has suffered much in consequence of the bungling manner in which 
preachers and professors have presented it to the world. It is gratifying 
to know that several clergymen are now taking lessons in Elocution, of 
Dr Comstock, and that they are making great improvement. 



10 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

It would be well for gentlemen of the legal profession, to study the laws 
of Elocution, as well as those of the land. Ladies, too, ought to feel in- 
terested in improving their Elocution, — some of the Philadelphia ladies- 
do ; and I have had the satisfaction of hearing one of the Doctor's classes 
exercise, the members of which are becoming excellent readers. 

There are two or three literary institutions in which Dr. Cornstock'fl 
valuable services have been retained. It is to be regretted that any semi- 
nary of learning, especially any college, should exist without a professor- 
ehip of Elocution. It is not only an important branch of education, bu 
as much so as any to which the attention of youth can be directed. 

S. N. S. 

CJ. S. Hotel, May 2, 1836. 

From the Episcopal Recorder, Rev. George A. Smith, Editor. 
Philadelphia, Saturday Morning, June 18, 183G. 

ELOCUTION. 

The following communication is from the United States Gazette. The 
subject is one of importance, and we are enabled from our own observa- 
tion to confirm the statements of the writer. Several of our clergy have 
attended Dr. Comstock's lectures, and consider the system which he has 
adopted well calculated to assist in ease and propriety of reading and 
speaking. 

Mr. Editor : — Impressed with the value of education, and inclined to 
contribute aught in my power to aid those who are in the pursuit of its 
benefits, allow me, through your columns, to make a public expression of 
my sentiments, regarding the character of Dr. Andrew Comstock, as a 
teacher of Elocution, and its kindred branches. Having been a common 
inmate in the Doctor's office for many weeks, examined his publications 
and diagrams, and witnessed his method of instruction, with the cheering 
success by which it has been characterised, I write understandingly upon 
this occasion. 

From the Doctor's knowledge of our organs of speech, of their diseases 
and remedies, and the best mode of imparting to them vigour and activity — 
from his knowledge of the laws of sound, ample experience in his present 
vocation, joined with his acknowledged integrity, I am persuaded he is 
eminently qualified to sustain his highest pretensions as a scientific and 
practical Elocutionist. 

Dr. Comstock's mode of instruction is founded in the philosophy of hia 
subject, is abundantly successful in its application — stands the scrutiny of 
talents — challenges the confidence of society. 

Graduates from our halls of science, gentlemen of the learned profes 
sions — ladies of cultivated minds, have been pleased to testify the essen 
tial advantage they have derived from his lectures. 

I have myself been much delighted in seeing the rapid, material, and 
ofttiine? complete improvement which unfortunate stammerers have made, 
under his tuition, in their enunciation — while teacher and pupils cordially 
indulged in theii mutual congratulations. A CLERGYMAN 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the U. S. Gazette. 
STAMMERING CURED BY DR. COMSTOCK 

Mr. Editor : — Having experienced, to a very painful extent, the many 
privations necessarily and peculiarly connected with inveterate stammer 
ing, to which I have been subject from early life, I am anxious thus to 
acknowledge the restoration that has been effected in my case, under the 
instruction of Dr. Comstock. Knowing, as I well do, how valuable such 
a communication would have once been to me, I am induced to pen this 
for the benefit of others. 

My articulation, until very lately, was so embarrassing and difficult, as 
to have, in a very great degree, shut out from me the pleasure of conver- 
sation. I could scarcely articulate a single sentence without considerable 
effort on my part, and apparent anxiety and pain to others. I therefore 
seldom spoke from choice, and even avoided, when possible, the necessity 
of doing so. I am, however, no longer subjected to these severe depriva- 
tions, but so relieved from them, that I can now converse with friends or 
strangers, and feel confident of my power to do so. 

Many years ago, and at some expense and trouble, I sought out Mr 
Chapman, a teacher then of considerable notoriety, and placed myself im- 
mediately under his care. Of him I do not complain, but notice the fact 
as part of my experience. Those who are aware of his injunctions know 
how impossible it is here to compare the peculiarities of his plan with the 
principles of my last tutor's, wdiose system, however, I should unhesi- 
tatingly prefer. A. EVANS. 

Philadelphia, June 24, 1836. 



A gentleman named Abner Evans called on me a few weeks ago, and 
desired me to examine him, in his conversation and in his reading 
with reference to stammering in his speech. He informed me that he 
was 34 years of age — that he had been an inveterate stammerer from his 
infancy ; but that he had, about two weeks before that time, placed him- 
self under the care of Dr. Andrew Comstock, and that he now believed 
himself cured of the infirmity under which he had so long laboured. I 
examined the gentleman with considerable care, and was unable to dis- 
cover anything like stammering, or embarrassment or impediment in his 
speech, either i» conversation or reading. 

JOHN H. WILLITS. 

July 15th, 1836. 



I certify, that I have known Mr. A. Evans for a number of years, that 
he was an inveterate stammerer, and that he was completely relieved in 
two weeks, under the instruction of Dr. Comstock. I will further add, 
that I am intimately acquainted with Dr. C, that he has devoted several 
years to the study of the subject which he professes to teach, and that 1 
believe he is fully prepared to meet any case of impediment in reading or 
peaking JOS. P. MUSGRAVE, M. D. 

No. 142, Pine Street, Phila,, July 16, 1836 



12 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the Public Ledger, July 27, 1837. 

Remarks on Stammering. — We have received a small pamphlet with this 
title, being the substance of a lecture delivered before the American Lyceum, 
May 6, 1837, by Andrew Comstock, M.D., of this city. He has treated his 
subject scientifically, and in a manner showing that he understands the 
human voice both theoretically and practically. He has been engaged for ten 
years, investigating the human voice, for the purpose of forming a system of 
just elocution, and of removing impediments of speech; and from reading 
this little pamphlet, we should infer that he had been successful. 



From the United States Gazette. 

Congress Hall, Philadelphia, Nov. 25, 1837. 
Andrew Comstock, M. D. 

Dear Sir, — Before leaving your city, allow me to express to you the perfect 
satisfaction I feel, in witnessing the progress which my son has made in 
Elocution under your instruction. 

The habit of stammering which commenced with his early efforts to speak, 
and which thirteen years (his present age) seemed only to confirm, is now 
with six weeks' instruction, completely eradicated. 

Though delighted beyond expression in this result, I am not disappointed. 
From the moment I became acquainted with your method of instruction, I 
did not doubt its entire success. Founded on scientific principles, it must 
succeed in all cases where there is no malformation of the organs of speech. 

You have reduced to a system what before was but imperfectly understood, 
and done most essential service to mankind in elevating a numerous class of 
unfortunate fellow-beings, and saved them from the impositions of ignorant 
and unprincipled empirics. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

E. PIERCE, M.D. of Athens, N.Y. 



From the Public Ledger, March 17, 1838. 
STAMMERING CURED. 

Philadelphia, March 1, 1838. 
Messrs. Editors, — Being about to leave this city for the West, I would 
thank you to give publicity to my testimony as to the skill of Dr. Andrew 
Comstock, No. 100, Arch street, Philadelphia, in removing stammering. I 
have been under his care about eight weeks, for the removal of a painful 
impediment of eighteen years, standing, which debarred roe from the plea- 
sures of conversation and social intercourse. I can novv converse very 
fluently, and have addressed large audiences without the least hesitation. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 13 

I am now 23 years of age, and you can judge of my gratitude to him for 
removing a complaint which has embittered the greatest part of my life. I 
take great pleasure in recommending him to those similarly afflicted. His 
system being founded on scientific principles, and the fact of his being the 
only individual in America, who professes the cure of stammering, without 
enacting from his patient a promise of secrecy, proves that his system will 
bear investigation. 

WM. R. COMBS. 

We certify that we have been intimately acquainted with Wm. R. Combs 
for the last three years ; that he was a very bad stammerer, and that he was 
entirely relieved under the instruction of Dr. Andrew Comstock, of No. 100, 
Arch street, Philadelphia. 

John R. Beck, No. 17, Elizabeth st. 

Thomas J. White, No. 380, N. Second st 

Jacob Grim, No. 480, N. Third st. 

Thomas P. Heyl, No. 173, Green st 



STAMMERING CURED. 

Philadelphia, March 9, 1838. 
Messrs. Editors, — About seven weeks since I placed myself under the 
care of Dr. Andrew Comstock, No. 100, Arch street, Philadelphia, for the 
removal of an impediment in my speech, with which I had been afflicted for 
thirteen years. I am now happy to state that I am able to converse with 
ease and fluency, and that I feel no hesitation in speaking in public. I have 
witnessed the same happy results in many other cases, both of ladies and 
gentlemen. I have not a doubt of his success in curing the most inveterate 
stammerer. Unlike all others who have professed to cure stammering in this 
country, Dr. Comstock exacts no promise of secrecy from his patient. 

HENRY J. ENNIS, 
No. 248, Pearl street, New- York. 



From the Phoenix Civilian, Cumberland, Md., May 19, 1838. 

Our acquaintance with the young gentleman mentioned below, who has 
received the benefit of Dr. Comstock's treatment in the cure of an impedi. 
ment of speech under which he laboured, enables us to bear evidence of the 
efficacy of that treatment. Since his return from Philadelphia, where he 
had been under Dr. Comstock's care for a short time, we find that his speech 
is free and easy; so much so, that had we not been aware of the great diffi- 
culty under which he laboured before, we should not now know that he ever 
had been cured of such an affliction. 



14 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the Pennsylvunian, Philadelphia, April 26, 1838. 
A GRATIFYING TESTIMONIAL. 

The subjoined letter to Dr. Comstock, Professor of Elocution, of this city, 
is from a young gentleman of great respectability, residing at Cumberland, 
Allegany county, Maryland, where his father is one of the leading prac- 
titioners at the bar. The writer of the letter, who, we believe, is a student 
at law, laboured under a serious impediment in speech, which would have 
greatly interfered with his professional advancement; but it appears from his 
own statement, that under the care of Dr. Comstock, he was completely and 
radically cured. The letter subjoined, is a voluntary and grateful testimonial 
to that effect 

Cumberland, Md., April 20, 1838. 
Dr. Andrew Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — I have deferred giving a certificate with regard to the success 
I met with in my recent visit to your Institution, No. 100, Arch street, Phi- 
ladelphia, for the purpose of removing an impediment in my speech, until 
the present period, that I might thoroughly test the effects of your system 
upon my articulation by time and experience. Both of these, I am happy 
to inform you, find me now — as was the case when I left Philadelphia on 
the 13th of February last — perfectly fluent in reading as well as in conversa- 
tion — s0 much so, that it would be impossible for any one who had no pre- 
vious knowledge of my impediment, to know that any such defect ever 
afflicted me. 

But besides the happy effect your system has had in relieving my impedi- 
ment, it has been of incalculable benefit to me in many other respects. My 
voice, which was formerly weak, and incapable of being raised very little 
higher than the ordinary tone used in common conversation, has been 
greatly improved and strengthened; and now it costs me but a slight 
physical effort to fill a considerable space. 

In conclusion, I unhesitatingly recommend all those similarly afflicted, to 
make a trial of your system. Besides the success which has attended it in 
my own case, I have seen many others greatly benefited — both ladies and 
gentlemen. This speaks more strongly in its favour than words can express, 
and should remove all doubt from the minds of individuals, if any exist, as 
to its efficacy in effecting a cure. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

CHARLES H J. PIGMAN. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 15 

From the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, October 29, 1836. 

CURE FOR STAMMERING. 
A young gentleman named Samuel E. Duffield, of M'Connelsburg, in 
this state, called upon us the other day, and wished us to state that he has 
always been subject to a natural impediment of speech, which of late years 
haa been increasing upon him. He visited this city, placed himself under 
the care of Dr. Com stock, and has been entirely cured. He can speak and 
read with as much fluency as though he had never been subject to any 
impediment of speech. 

From the United States Gazette, Philadelphia, Oct. 31 $ 1836. 
STAMMERING. 

We had on Saturday the pleasure of listening to the reading, recitation 
and discourse of a pupil of Dr. Comstock, who has been with him less 
than three weeks, and was from his infancy a stammerer, the evil increasing 
with the growth of the youth, and with his intercourse with society. He 
is now able to speak and read without the least sign of hesitancy. Dr. 
Com stock's system is simple, and, as it appears, efficacious, and he affects 
no mystery : we trust that those who are subject to the painful inconveni- 
ence of stammering, will apply to him; and we really believe that if they 
will give attention to his rules, they may be entirely cured. 



From the Philadelphia Gazette, Nov. 29, 1836. 
The following tribute to the skill of a Gentleman whose success in a 
very difficult profession has been astonishing, is not less grateful to the ob- 
ject of it himself, than it is useful to the public at large. We perform a 
general benefit by giving it currency through the press. 
Letter to Dr. Comstock, of Philadelphia. 

M'Connelsburg, Nov. 13, 1836. 
Dear Sir ; — My son has returned from the city, after an absence of about 
four \veeks,and I caunot refrain from acknowledging my unfeigned satisfac- 
tion in the improvement of his speech. Before he left home it gave me 
pain to hear him attempt to speak ; now I will defy any person to know 
he had ever been a stammerer. I do cordially recommend all who have 
an impediment in their speech, if possible to avail themselves of your sys 
tem for the cure of stammering. I am, with respect, yours, &c. 

. WILLIAM DUFFIELD. 

From the United States Gazette. 
STAMMERING. 
We publish a communication from the Rev. O. C. Comstock, Chaplain 
to Congress, upon the merits of his relative, Dr. A. COMSTOCK, of this 
city, as a professor of Elocution. From some knowledge of the scientific 
gentleman alluded to, and the great success which has attended his exer- 
tions in the cure of stammering, we cordially endorse the testimony. The 
Rev. Dr. Comstock, of Washington, being himself an eloquent divine, 
much credit may be attached to his opinions on a topic so entirely within 
his sphere. 

Latter to the Editor, from the Rev. O. C. Comstock, Chaplain to Congress. 

Washington, January 26, 1831. 
Sir —In this age of arrogant pretension and stupendous humbuggery 



16 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

the public should receive with becoming caution, every announcement of 
extraordinary achievements in any of the departments of useful knowledge. 
The wonderful exploits of ignorant and unprincipled pretenders, are fre- 
quently lauded to the skies, in the newspaper paragraphs of anonymous 
writers. Disdaining to impose on honest credulity, by making an asser. 
tion where I cannot establish a fact — indisposed to avoid any responsibility 
that may be attached to my character, I will not be induced to do so upon 
this occasion, by withholding my humble name from this article, in con- 
sequence of the delicate collateral relation subsisting between myself and 
the talented and honourable gentleman to whom it alludes — I mean Dr. A. 
Comstock, of Philadelphia. The Dr. before and since his graduation at the 
university of Pennsylvania, has been muchemployed in theeducation of youth. 

The books and diagrams which he has published, illustrating the true 
principles of elocution, and the methods by which it can be most successfully 
taught — the high state of improvement witnessed and admired, in the voice, 
reading and speaking of his pupils, render him deservedly celebrated as 
an elocutionist, wherever his reputation is known. 

But I should not have obtruded these remarks upon the consideration of 
your readers, would they not conduce to a better understanding of the follow, 
ing intelligence, which I hope may subserve the interests of suffering 
humanity. 

My friend has removed, in numbers of unfortunate stammerers, that most 
embarrassing and painful difficulty of enunciation with which they have 
been affected. Some of these sufferers had been long schooled by others, 
with reference to the removal of this calamity, with little or no success. 

That a cure, in this case, is an object most ardently to be desired, is deeply 
felt by every victim of this misfortune — by every fond parent, who, but for 
stammering, might regard his darling boy a fair candidate for the highest 
academic honours — the applause of listening Senates. There is now before 
my mental vision a lovely boy of great promise, on whom his parents design 
to bestow a finished education ; but who, alas ! was painfully afflicted with 
stammering. He is now, however, under the tuition of Dr. Comstock, greatly 
improving in his elocution ; inspiring the confident expectation of perfect 
victory over the source of so much unhappiness. The sparkling animation 
of his eye — his cheering smiles — express the rapture of his grateful heart. 
The thankfulness and joyful anticipation of his parents cannot be described, 
or even imagined, but by those in similar circumstances. 

Having spent some months with my relative, I am well acquainted with 
his system, and manner of instruction, and its delightful results. 

Unlike all sorts of imposture, there is no affectation of superlative wisdom 
held as a profound secret, in the theory and practice of this valuable art — 
as triumphantly explored and applied by the Doctor. His course of opera- 
tion is founded in an extensive knowledge of his subject — the fruit of his 
ample study and practice. His discipline developes, invigorates, and ren- 
ders flexible the organs of speech. He teaches his pupils how these organs 
are to be properly exercised. They are made obedient to the will — capable 
of much and various accomplishments. In short, he cures stammerers, by 
teaching them scientific and practical elocution. 

How much reason have we to rejoice in the march of mind — the efTorta 
of philanthropy — the benevolence of God. Yours, with respect, 

O. C. COMSTOCK 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 17 

Certificates from Professor Horner and Professor Hare, of the bniver* 
sity of Pennsylvania. 

Having been present on the 10th inst. at the exercises of the pupils in Dr 
indrew Comstock's Gymnasium, for the improvement of the voice and of 
the articulation in stammerers and others, the impression made upon me was 
highly favourable to his method of instruction. 

The system is founded upon an exact anatomical and physiological inform- 
ation, in regard to the organs concerned in the production and modification 
of sound. Its several parts appear to have been evolved and matured upen a 
degree of thought and an extent of experiment reflecting much credit upon 
his sagacity and industry, and it inspires a very strong confidence of its ap- 
plicability to the faults generally of speech or phonation. One of his pupils, 
who only a week before the occasion alluded to, had been a most unpleasant 
stammerer, was then heard to recite publicly with great ease and fluency, 
with a full intonation. W. E. HORNER, M. D. 

Professor of Anatomy in the University of Pennsylvania. 

Philadelphia, Aug. 11, 1837. 

Philadelphia, Aug. 14th, 1837. 
Having been present on the occasion alluded to in the preceding letter of 
the Professor of Anatomy, I have no hesitation in alleging that my impres- 
sions are consistent with those which my colleague has therein expressed. 

ROBERT HARE, M. D. 
Professor of Chemistry in the University of Pennsylvania. 



From the Select Medical Library and Eclectic Journal of Medicine, 
edited by John Bell, M. D., Lecturer on the Institutes of Medicine 
and Medical Jurisprudence, Member of the College of Physicians 
of Philadelphia, and of the American Philosophical Society, etc. 
September, 1837. 

COMSTOCK'S VOCAL GYMNASIUM AND LYCEUM FOR 
ELOCUTION. 

It is not necessary that a man should be a stammerer, in order to be aware, 
from personal experience, of his imperfection in vocal utterance and speech. 
We are taught to read and to express ourselves grammatically in conversa- 
tion ; but how few learn suitable intonation, and a full and a distinct utter, 
ance, — by which speech obtains much of its charm and acquires often all its 
influence. Graceful gestures in walking and dancing, and in presenting 
one's self in company, are thought by many to be of paramount importance; 
and hence, as a matter of course, the majority of young persons of both sexes 
are placed under the direction of a teacher of dancing. And yet, after all, 
what are the graces of manner compared to the melody of voice ; and how 
imperfect the address of the otherwise accomplished gentleman or lady, with- 
out full and mellifluous speech ! Nature here, as in all that concerns either 
bodily or mental endowment, does, it is true, establish great differences 
amongst individuals. One person has, naturally, a musical voice, as it is 
called ; another a harsh or somewhat dissonant one. But still, education pos 



IS RECOMMENDATIONS. 

sesses, we also know, a good deal of plastic power ; and in no case is the in- 
fluence of physical education more evident than in the strength which exer- 
cise gives to the muscles in general, and in the agility and grace which prac- 
tice imparts to the movements of the limbs; as in the evolutions of the dance, 
and on the tight rope, &c. On the same principle precisely, without an) 
charm, magic or mystification, can the muscles which, by their successive or 
alternate and combined action, give rise to voice and speech, be educated into 
strength and measured and harmonious movement, and produce clear and 
full intonation, distinct articulation, and emphatic utterance. 

This particular department of muscular exercise and education, has greater 
claims on our time and attention than any other. The organs of speech, with 
few unfortunate exceptions, are possessed by all mankind ; they are in con- 
stant use by all, — their functions are of the highest moment to all, whether 
for the display of the charms of song and poetry, the persuasion of oratory, 
the invocation of prayer, and the numberless exchanges of opinion and ex- 
pression of the affections and emotions in social intercourse. The most rigid 
puritan or methodist, who would regard with distaste, perhaps horror, the ex- 
ercises of the dance, and attach no importance to the graces of bodily move- 
ment, will still be as naturally and properly desirous of cultivating the voice, 
as the greatest stickler for worldly accomplishments. He does it in learning 
to sing the praises of his Maker, and when engaged in the solemn exercises 
of prayer and exhortation. 

With the other sex, the charm of voice is a powerful means of persuasion 
and control. It gives to woman much of her influence — an influence de- 
pending on the mildness of her manner, and her soft and musical tones, dis- 
played in the language of sympathy, entreaty, and of kind remonstrance. 
Her's is the privilege and the duty to be at the side of the suffering invalid, 
in infancy, in youth, and in mature age; to comfort the mourner, and to aid 
the poor and distressed. And what makes the potions to the feverish patient 
less nauseous — what gives balm to the language of resignation, and imparts 
the glow of pleasure to the wan and weary beggar, when she is, in each 
case, the ministering angel ! Much is in the pitying look, much in the in- 
clining gesture and softened manner ; but still more in the tones of her voice, 
her low and smoothly uttered words of solace and of hope. 

Why then should this instrument, which is capable of giving out such ex- 
quisite music, be jarred and discordant in its tones, through early neglect and 
bad habits. It has been said by European travellers of both sexes, that Amer- 
ican women would be in all respects charming, but for their want of melody 
of voice in common speech. Surely this stigma, for such in one sense it is, 
might be, and ought to be removed, just as the flutter, agitation, and jerking 
movements of the body and limbs would be corrected, by appropriate exercise 
and training under tasteful guidance and precept. 

Still more necessary is this kind of education where the imperfection 
amounts to disease, as in hesitancy, stammering, and other imperfect articu- 
lation. The cure requires time, patience on the part both of the invalid and 
of the vocal doctor, and practice in the manner which scientific experience, 
not impudent and boastful quackery, has shown to be most serviceable, so as 
to give that confidence which is the result of conscious ability. The timidity 
and feeling of embarrassment of the stammerer, are both effects and sustain- 
ing causes of his impediment. So soon as he knows that his vocal organs 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 19 

are capable of obeying the commands of his will, and of giving expression 
to his thoughts, his mind acts with more energy and intentness ; and he no 
longer allows himself to be trammelled in his speech, by the weak, tremulous 
and convulsive movements of the muscles, which, under less energetic voli- 
tion, used to be so common with him. 

\Vhen we wrote the caption of this article, we did not intend to direct the 
attention of our professional brethren merely to the existing evils, but were 
desirous to apprize them of the fact, that one of our own number has for many 
years past concentrated his talents and his time exclusively to the subject of 
Elocution, both in its hygienic relations with fluent speech in private and 
public, in the social circle and at the bar, the pulpit and the legislative hall 
and, also, in its curative character, to remove stammering and other impedi- 
ments to clear and distinct articulation and utterance. The gentleman to 
whom we refer, is Dr. Andrew Comstock of this city. He makes no preten. 
sion to a knowledge of any specific for the cure of stammerers, nor does he 
attempt to shroud his method in unintelligible jargon, nor to conceal it from 
public and scientific investigation, by swearing his pupils to secrecy. All 
these are arts and tricks unworthy of the literary and professional character, 
and disreputable, above all, to him who professes to be a teacher, and in whom 
manly sincerity ought ever to shine conspicuously, as an example to those 
under his charge. 

In Doctor Comstoek's Institution, " Elocution is treated as a science as well 
as an art. The various movements of the voice, both in speech and song, 
are illustrated by original diagrams, and by oral instruction The exercises 
give the pupil complete command of the muscles of articulation, extend the 
compass of the voice and render it smooth, powerful, and melodious. They 
not only call forth all the energies of the vocal organs, correct stammering, 
lisping, and other impediments of speech ; but they invigorate the lungs, and 
consequently fortify them against the invasion of disease." To a certain ex- 
tent, general is associuted with vocal gymnastics; and one great cause of em- 
barrassment from awkwardness of manner and posture in the stammerer, is 
removed by the substitution of a free and easy carriage and movements of the 
arms in gesticulation. In other words, all the voluntary muscles of the trunk 
and limbs move in the order required by the will, synchronously and harmo- 
niously with those of the voice. 

In proof that Doctor Comstock is above the petty arts of making elocution 
a mere craft and mystery, we have now before us, Remarks on Stammerings 
from a Lecture on Elocution, delivered before the American Lyceum, May 6, 
1837, in which he explains the chief features of his system, and indicates the 
kind and order of exercises to be pursued for the cure of Stammerers. But 
like all other branches of professional knowledge, this can only be rendered 
efficient and applicable to the cure of individual cases by a practitioner, a 
person who directs knowingly and understandingly, and superintends care- 
fully and patiently, the treatment, making such modifications as seem to be 
called for by his own personal experience and the idiosyncracy of the patient 



DR. COMSTOCK'S 
EXHIBITIONS IN VOCAL GYMNASTICS. 

The STAMMERERS under Dr. Comstock, both Ladies 
and Gentlemen, give a variety of recitations, at the Vocal 
Gymnasium, (entrance by Ranstead Court, Fourth St. above 
Chesnut,) every Tuesday evening. 

TICKETS, 25 cents each, — and may be obtained at 
Osborn's Music Store, Fourth Street, two doors below Ran- 
stead Court. Each ticket admits a gentleman and two 
ladies. The exercises commence at 8 o'clock. 

□Cf 3 The design of these Exhibitions is to give confidence 
to the Stammerer, which is so essential to his relief, and 
make the public better acquainted with the system of 
instruction and its beneficial results. The sale of tickets is 
to secure an audience of respectable persons, and defray the 
incidental expenses. 

ANDREW COMSTOCK 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the Public Ledger, February 6, 1838. 

VOCAL GYMNASTICS. 

A class of students in elocution, and stammerers, under Dr. Comstc ok, 
exhibited at the Vocal Gymnasium, (Ranstead Court, Fourth Street, above 
Chesnut,) on Saturday evening last. Dr. Comstock's lecture on elocution 
mid stammering displayed an intimate knowledge of his subject, and the 
injrformances of the class did infinite credit to his talents as a teacher. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 21 

From the Pennsylvanian, February 6, 1838. 

Dr. Comstock, the professor of elocution, gave an exhibition on Saturday 
evening, at the Temperance Hall, N. L., for the purpose chiefly of affording 
a practical explanation of his system of instruction, and showing its success 
in the cure of stammering and other defects of speech. A large audience, 
many ladies being among the number, was present, and the exercises evi- 
dently gave general satisfaction. It was surprising to hear the firmness and 
smoothness with which the pupils spoke, many of whom until recently were 
confirmed stammerers, and it was still more surprising to learn in how short 
a time the evil habit had been eradicated, the consciousness of a complete 
cure b jing strongly manifest in the modest confidence with which the Doc 
tor's pupils, several of whom were young ladies, went through their recita- 
tions before so large an audience. It must not, however, be supposed that 
this system of instruction is intended solely for the stammerer. Founded 
upon sound philosophical principles it is impor 

tant in many respects. It has a wonderful effect in developing the voice, 
and in giving it volume, flexibility and compass, while the practice of the 
elements strengthens the chest, and 's very beneficial to the general health, 
fortifying it in a measure against the approach of diseases of the lungs. 
The advantage of vocal gymnastics judiciously conducted, is not yet per- 
haps fully appreciated, but it is more than probable that the time will come 
when they will form a part of every liberal course of instruction. 



From the Public Ledger, February 16, 1838. 

VOCAL GYMNASTICS. 

The exhibition of Dr. Comstock's class of Stammerers, at Temperance 
Hall, on Wednesday evening, was highly gratifying to a numerous and 
highly respectable audience of ladies and gentlemen. The system pursued 
appears to be calculated to accomplish the end in view ; but the eminent 
success it has so far met with, is to be ascribed, in a great degree, to the 
talents of Dr. Comstock as a teacher. 



From the Christian Advocate and Journal, New -York, April 27, 1838. 

Philadelphia, April 2, 1838. 
Dear Brethren, — Having attended Dr. Comstock's exhibitions, I am fully 
persuaded, that with proper attention on the part of the pupils, he can cure 
them. I was induced to attend in consequence of his having in his class a 
particular friend of mine, whose case was one of the worst I ever knew 
and to my astonishment, he addressed an audience without the least difli 
culty, making quite a display as an orator. His age is about twenty-one 
years. If you feel at liberty to notice him in your paper, you may render 
essential service to stammerers. Respectfully, 

J. HARMSTEAD 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the United States Gazette, April 30, 1838. 

STAMMERERS. 

The recitations, and other vocal exercises, made on Tuesday evenings, at 
Dr. Comstock's Vocal Gymnasium, in Ranstead Court, furnish evidence of 
great success in his mode of teaching. His pupils, to the number of thirty 
or forty, male and female, give recitations in a style that shows, not only the 
entire absence of any disposition to stammer, but evincing also a striking 
proficiency in the agreeable, as well as useful science of elocution. 



From the Pennsylvania Inquirer, May 10, 1838. 

STAMMERING. 

A friend in whose judgment as well as impartiality we place reliance, 
speaks in terms of warm commendation of Dr. Comstock's success in curing 
impediments in speech, and imparting a free action to the organs of articu- 
lation. The public recitations of his class, which take place every Tuesday 
evening, at his room adjoining the Church in Ranstead Court, are spoken of 
as furnishing evidence of success in curing stammerers, as well as of striking 
proficiency in elocution, which Dr. C. teaches with great effect. 



From the United States Gazette. 

Mr. Editor,— I have attended two of the Vocal Gymnastic Exhibitions 
which have attracted so much attention in our city. The design of these 
exhibitions, as stated by Dr. Comstock, with whom they have originated, and 
by whom they are conducted, is to enable the stammerer to rid himself of 
that timidity which is a greater or less aggravation of his disease. If 
timidity in one who has no impediment of speech, interrupts the utterance 
of thoughts, surely in a confirmed stammerer, it must be a source of the 
highest degree of embarrassment to the vocal organs. Timidity, then, must 
be removed before the stammerer can have full command of his own organs 
of speech. To do this, Dr. Comstock brings his whole class, both ladies and 
gentlemen, before the crowded houses which assemble to hear the welkin 
ring with their various exercises in what is well denominated by Dr. C. 
Vocal Gymnastics. Could art, science, experience, wisdom, or philosophy 
suggest a more efficacious means for the destruction of timidity than the 
production of courage by individual and collective public speaking ? Nor if 
the performance of these stammerers void of all powers to edify, and amuse 
— there is much to instruct, and please, both in manner and matter, in these 
exhibitions, which, for the sake of the great good they seem likely to pro 
duce to the afflicted stammerer, I hope will be fully sustained by this 
enlightened public. 

A Well. Wisher to Freedom vf Speech. 



PRACTICAL ELOCUTION, Or, A System of Vocal 
Gymnastics, comprising Diagrams, illustrative of the sub 
ject, and Exercises, designed for the Promotion of Health, 
the Cure of Stammering, and Improvement in Reading 
and Speaking. By Andrew Comstock, M. D. Second 
Edition. Kay & Brother, 122, Chesnut Street. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, Dec. 2, 1837. 

PRACTICAL ELOCUTION. 

Dr. Comstock, a gentleman with whose name our readers are familiar as 
the scientific curer of Stammering-, has issued a second edition of his work 
on Practical Elocution. It is believed to be the best practical work extant 
upon this important subject. 

and so far as strengtnening the lungs is 
concerned, the exercises it teaches are of vast importance. Those who do 
not intend to become orators, may cultivate and improve the conversational 
and colloquial powers, and secure a grace, ease and power, that will render 
them polished and sought-for intelligences in the mystic roads of social 
intercourse. The work is illustrated with engravings, and very beautifully 
got up both in paper and print. 



From the Philadelphia Saturday News, Dec. 2, 1837. 

PRACTICAL ELOCUTION, Or, A System of Vocal Gymnastics, &c. By 

Andrew Comstock, M. D. 

Dr. Comstock is known as a skilful and scientific teacher of elocution. 
He has devoted much study to the subject, and has had the advantage of 
very considerable experience in the practical application of his knowledge 
His classes are generally filled with pupils, and their success is the best 
testimonial of the merits of his system. 

This volume will be found a valuable aid to those who are engaged eithei 
in teaching or acquiring the important art of elocution. Besides a concise 
but sufficiently clear, analysis of the subject, and various explanatory details, 
it furnishes a series of diagrams calculated very much to facilitate the pro- 
gress of the learners. These diagrams have been prepared with much care 
and labour, and reflect high praise on the industry and ability ;f Dostoi 
Comstock. 

(23) 



2 1 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the United States Gazette. 
PRACTICAL ELOCUTION. 

Messrs. Kay & Brother, 122, Chesnut street, have published a second edi« 
:ion of Dr. Andrew Comstock's Practical Elocution, or, a System op 
Vocal Gymnastics. We really believe that the great labour and amount of 
time which Dr. C. has bestowed upon this volume, will be productive of essen- 
tial benefits to the learner. The selections are apposite, and the remarks 
such as show the author master of his subject. 



From the Saturday Chronicle, Philadelphia, Dec. 2, 1837. 
Practical Elocution. — Kay Sf Brother. — Philadelphia. 

The volume now before us, comprises a system of " Vocal Gymnastics," 
by Andrew Comstock, M. D., and consists of diagrams, illustrative of the 
subject, and exercises. The plan recommended is designed for th* 1 promotion 
of health, cure of stammering, and improvement in reading and speaking. 
The rapid sale of its first edition seems to be a proof of Us popularit} ; while 
several men of eminence in literature and science have pronounced Doctor 
Comstock's system a decided improvement upon the usual routine of teach, 
ing in Elocution. 



From the Public Ledger, Philadelphia, Dec. 5, 1837. 
COMSTOCK'S PRACTICAL ELOCUTION. 

We have received from Dr. Andrew Comstock, of this city, a copy of his 
late work, entitled " Practical Elocution, or, a System of Vocal Gymnastics, 
comprising Diagrams and Exercises, &c, designed for the promotion of 
health, the cure of stammering, and improvement in reading and speaking." 

This work contains rules for pronouncing all the vowels, sub-vowels, and 
diphthongs in the English language, with plates to illustrate the position of 
the mouth in pronouncing them. These sounds he denominates elements ; 
and he gives tables exhibiting an analysis of words, consisting of both easy 
and difficult combinations of these elements. In spelling these words, the 
pupil is required to pronounce the clement or vowel sound, and not the name 
of the letter or combination of letters which represent it, as is usual in the 
schools. The book also contains rules for every species of modulation and 
intonation of the voice, and of time, in reading, speaking, and singing. 

It contains remarks on stammering, and rules for curing it ; and practicai 
lessons in reading and speaking, consisting of selections in prose and verse 
printed with different characters, to denote the proper modulations. It alst: 
contains plates, representing every variety of attitude and gesture required 
hi good speaking. 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 25 

This must be a valuable work to those who would learn to read or speak 
well, and especially to those afflicted with stammering or other impediments 
of speech. It is useless to dilate upon the importance of elocution to all 
who have occasion to read or speak to others. To lawyers, legislators, cler- 
gymen, and speakers in public meetings, it is particularly important; for 
though to intelligent and well informed minds, the graces of manner add 
nothing to the force of argument, they are exceedingly important in securing 
an attentive hearing. An indifferent sermon, if well preached, will produce 
great effect, while one of the highest order, badly delivered, will be lost upon 
a great portion of the audience. This is entirely because the first secures 
the attention of its hearers, and thereby enables every argument or illustra- 
tion to reach their understandings; while the second is not understood, 
because not heard. 

We recommend Dr. Comstock's book to every person who would wish to 
speak or read well. 



From the Herald and Sentinel, Philadelphia, Dec. 11, 1837 

COMSTOCK'S PRACTICAL ELOCUTION. 

Dr. Comstock has been Jong and favourably known in this city as a 
teacher of elocution. The art of public speaking is a common attainment; 
but the art of speaking effectively, powerfully, and well, by a proper disci- 
pline of voice, gesture and action, is no easy acquisition. The voice is a 
great instrument of influence. Some orators who have been " vox et pi<B- 
terea nihil" by means of a good voice alone, have been able to exercise an 
astonishing sway over their auditors. The full developement of the vocal 
organs should be a primary exercise with all ambitious for the honours of 
successful orators, and we know of no better disciplinarian in these matters 
than Dr. Comstock. The work before us, entitled " Practical Elocution," is 
an expose of his principles of teaching, and will serve as an instructive 
manual to those studying his method. It is better calculated, however, as a 
manual for his pupils, than for students in general. It shows great skill and 
industry, and is highly creditable to the knowledge and research of the 
author. 



From Atkinson's Saturday Evening Post, Dec. 16, 1837. 

Dr. Andrew Comstock, of this city, has published a second edition of a 
«ork entitled "Practical Elocution," of which he is the author. There are 
kw subjects which receive Jess, while its importance demands a greater 
si are of attention, than this of Elocution. Every organ of the human body 
is dependent on exercise for its true and proper developement. There ara 
few persons who do not feel the embarrassment which arises from an imper 
33* 



26 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

feet enunciation. The work before us conveys much valuable instruction on 
this subject. To render the doctrine it communicates more evident, the 
different movements of the voice are illustrated by original diagrams. Dr. 
Comstock has for some years been a successful teacher of Elocution, and in 
his experience has found the exercises in these diagrams happily adapted to 
render the muscles of speech subject to volition, to extend the compass of 
the voice and increase its power. 



From the American Weekly Messenger, Dec. 20, 1837. 

Dr. Comstock is well known in this city as a practical teacher of Elocu- 
tion. His experience with his classes has given him great advantages in the 
preparation of this volume, which appears to be complete, so far as diagrams, 
marks expressive of the pronunciation of words, and minute practical direc- 
tions, can render it so. To those persons who are so unfortunate as to have 
contracted a habit of stammering, and to foreigners who wish to acquire a 
correct pronunciation of our language, this volume will prove an invaluable 
acquisition. Students in oratory may consult the figures illustrative of ges- 
ture with advantage ; and teachers of reading and declamation should not 
consider their libraries complete without this volume. 



From the Daily Focus, Philadelphia, April 17, 1838. 

Comstock's Practical Elocution : Published by Kay $ Brother, 122, Chcs* 

nut Street. 

We have received a very handsome edition of the above work, which we 
cheerfully recommend to young men, as a valuable assistant in the study of 
true oratory. The work is illustrated with a number of plates representing 
the proper position of the mouth in pronouncing, and also the most graceful 
and natural attitudes and gestures of the limbs and body, in order to give 
full force and expression to language. 

Dr. Comstock has, in the book before us, proved himself abundantly quali 
fled to teach the oral developement of thought, and we therefore wish he 
may continue his labours, and have large classes of pupils. 



MISCELLANEOUS RECOMMENDATIONS. 



From the Public Ledger, Philadelphia, February 27, 1838. 
VOCAL GYMNASTICS. 

We observe, by a notice among our list of business cards this morning, 
that the residence of Dr. Comstock, whose success in the cure of impedimenta 
in the speech, and improvement in elocution and address of his pupils, wo 
believe is unsurpassed by any instructor in the country, is at 100 Arch Street. 
Dr. C. possesses a double advantage over most of his profession, in his tho- 
rough acquaintance with the physical, as well as mental, capacity of his 
fellow man. The fourth exhibition of his class of young ladies and gentle- 
men, will be given this evening, at the Commissioners' Hall, South wark, 
where, in addition to their various recitations, a lecture will be delivered by 
the Rev. Jacob M. Douglass. 



From the Saturday Courier, Philadelphia, Dec. 15, 1838. 

Mr. John Taylor, of Hinsdale, N. H., was the other morning in our study 
and exhibited the wonderful improvement made by eleven weeks' residence 
with Dr. Comstock. He told us he had been all his life dreadfully troubled 
with an impediment of speech ; but he read to us with the most perfect easo 
and freedom. We take pleasure in recording such cases for the benefit of 
ethers. 



From the Daily Buffalo Journal, {N. Y.,) March 27, 1839. 
PRACTICAL ELOCUTION— A REMEDY FOR STAMMERING. 

Dr. Comstock, of Philadelphia, has acquired great fame, both as a teacher 
of elocution, and as a successful practitioner in removing all defects in speech. 

The voice is produced by muscular contraction, and hence depends wholly 
on the power of the muscles, which propel the air through the vocal organs, 
and modulate the same, for the strength, compass, distinctness, or confusion 
of the various sounds emitted in speaking or singing. 

Dr. Comstock has investigated this subject in all its bearings, and pointed 
out, in a clear and scientific manner, the cause of stammering, and other de- 
fects of speech, in his work on Practical Elocution, (which has been some 
years before the public ;) and has opened a school in Philadelphia for teaching 
elocution, and removing defects in speech, upon philosophical principles. 

f3?) 



28 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

A late number of the World, published in the city of brotherly love, con- 
tains a very commendatory notice of the eminent ability and success which 
attend the labours of this learned and indefatigable practitioner, in an im- 
portant branch of science, to the investigation of which his whole life has 
been devoted. Knowing well the history of this gentleman, and having once 
enjoyed the honour of a personal acquaintance, we do not hesitate to recom- 
mend his school as possessing the highest claims to public confidence. 



Extract from the Lyceum Report, published in the World, Philadel- 
phia, June 19, 1839. 

At 4£ o'clock the meeting was called to order, and a lecture delivered on 
Elocution, by Dr. Comstock, and an interesting exhibition by his class, several 
of whom had been inveterate stammerers; one in particular, a married gen- 
tleman from the east, (who said he had to do his courting by signs,) spoke so 
well, after only six weeks' instruction, as to prove Dr. C.'s teaching completely 
effectual. 

Half-past 5 o'clock, the company, in fine health and spirits, adjourned. 

G. W. WOOLLEY, Secretary, pro. tem. 



From the United States Gazette, June 29, 1839. 

Sometime since, Dr Comstock called on us with a person from Vermont 
who had applied to him to be cured of stammering; he certainly needed help. 
Yesterday, the Doctor and his patient called on us again ; the latter talked 
and read as fluently as any person we ever saw. The person to whom we 
refer, mentioned that he should now go home, and talk with a near relation, 
to whom he had never spoken, as she was rather deaf, and he had stammered 
so abominably as to be wholly unable to make her comprehend him. 



From the Village Record, West Chester, Penn., September 10, 1839. 
STAMMERING AND ELOCUTION. 

From numerous testimonials of the success of Dr. Comstock, of Philadel 
phia, in improving the voice, particularly of Stammerers, we sometime since 
selected the following from a Philadelphia paper, for presentation to our 
readers. To those afflicted with an impediment of the speech, all discoveries, 
or efficient modes for amending the vocal organs, must be matter of peculiar 
interest. We have repeatedly visited the institution of Dr. C, and have seen 
numerous instances of improvement no less striking than the one referred to 
below. Dr. C. is unremitting in his attention to his pupils ; exact in his ex» 
position of the principles of elocution ; and affords to his pupils a wide range 
for practice. As a teacher, he commands the respect of his pupils, while hia 
gentlemanly deportment towards them is sure to win their permanent esteem. 
His office is at No. 100 Arch Street, Philadelphia, 



RECOMMENDATIONS. 31 

From the World, Philadelphia, March 20, 1839. 

Dr CoM3rocK. — We have received from the author a small pamphlet con- 
taining 1 a Lecture on Elocution, with remarks on stammering, delivered before 
the American Lyceum in this city, on the 6th of May, 1837, by Dr. Corn- 
stock. He is well known in this city, as remarkably successful in the cure 
of all defects in speech, and also for teaching elocution upon philosophical 
principles. His school contains pupils from various and distant parts of the 
country, resorting to him for the cure of stammering and other vocal defects, 

He hi,3 published a work on Practical Elocution, the perusal of which will 
show that his lessons are important to others besides those afflicted with 
stammering; for all public speakers, whether lawyers, preachers or politicians, 
will derive advantages from observing his rules. The voice, like a'.y other 
part of the system connected with voluntary muscular action, is susceptible 
of cultivation. It is regulated by a very complicated system of muscles, and 
must therefore be more or less under command, in proportion to the control 
of the individual over these muscles. Why are the muscles of a blacksmith's 
striking arm larger than those of his holding arm? Because they are more 
exercised. Why have porters, stage drivers, and those whose legs are most 
exercised, larger femoral and crural muscles, than people of sedentary habits? 
For the same reason. Then if one set of muscles is improved by cultiva- 
tion, so may be another; and therefore, as the voice is regulated by mus- 
cular action, it must necessarily be improved by proper exercise. 

This theory, which, as every anatomist knows, is founded on fact, explains 
the whole system of stammering and other vocal defects. They proceed from 
paralysis, weakness, or other causes, producing want of control over the vocal 
muscles. Such defects in the leg or arm, produce lameness in these limbs. 
Similar defects or infirmities in the vocal muscles, must produce lameness of 
the voice. This point established, the indication of cure is obvious. It con- 
sists in restoring activity to the vocal muscles by exercise, by cultivation 
Singers never stammer, and stammering is often cured by singing. Why ''■ 
Because singing gives active exercise to the vocal muscles. But it will not 
always cure stammering, because the defect may be in certain muscles 
which singing cannot reach, or reach with sufficient force. To supply the 
deficiency, we need the professor of elocution, who understands the voice 
anatomically, physiologically, and pathologically, or in other words, who un 
derstands the structure, actions, and diseases of the parts of the human 
system subservient to the voice. Dr. Comstock has particularly studied this 
subject, and his success as a practitioner proves that he has studied it faithfully. 



I most cheerfully endorse the preceding certificates relative to Dr. Com 
stock's success in removing impediments of speech. Having spent several 
weeks in his Gymnasium, for the purpose of improving my voice, and of 
removing an impediment to which I had always been more or less subject, 1 
am able to speak both from observation and experience. I consider his system 
of vocal gymnastics eminently fitted to accomplish the end designed : viz. to 
bring the organs of speech, by a thorough course of drilling, entirely under 
the control of volition. True it is, that much energy and perseverance, 
us well as time and patience, are necessary on the part of the afflicted in 
order to be entirely relieved. But I am confident that wherj there is no 
mal-formation of the vocal organs, an entire cure may be effected. 

F. W. FISK. 

Philadelphia, Avril 27th, 1840. 



32 RECOMMENDATIONS. 

From the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, April 3, 1841 . 
CURE OF STAMMERING. 
Two young- gentlemen called in our sanctum the other morning, and we 
nad a pleasant conversation with them on the extraordinary benefit they had 
derived from having been a few weeks in the Vocal Gymnasium of Dr. Com- 
stock. One of them, John Scribner, jr., is from Poplin, N. H. He told us, 
that fourteen weeks ago he could not converse at all without stammering in 
the pronunciation of almost e ery word. He conversed with us the morning 
we saw him, as fluently as Daniel Webster or Mr. Forsyth could ; and we 
should say his friends will be delighted to hold converse with him on his re- 
turn to the salubrious atmosphere of the " Granite State." The other young 
gentleman is Mr. William H. Cornell, of Clinton, New York. He is eighteen 
years old, and had been a stammerer all his life, until Dr. Comstock had the 
gratification of receiving him under his discipline of the vocal powers. He 
has been there but four weeks, and conversed with us with very little impedi- 
ment of speech ; and by the first of May, when he proposes to return to the 
beautiful region of Dutchess county, he will be able to descant upon the 
sweets of the "buds and the flowers" with as much buoyancy of speech as 
the most lovely young damsel around his romantic home. We are happy in 
stating such cases, for the encouragement of others in distant portions of the 
country, who may be labouring under the painful difficulties which impedi- 
ments of speech impose. ^ 



From the National Gazette, Philadelphia, Nov. 17, 1841. 
A STAMMERER CURED. 

Philadelphia, Nov. 10, 1841. 
Messrs. Editors — For nearly twenty years I was an inveterate stammerer 
The habit was contracted when I was four years old, in consequence of the 
severe treatment of a schoolmaster. Being anxious to have a cure effected, if 
possible, but almost despairing, I placed myself, six weeks ago, under the 
care of Dr. Andrew Comstock of this city, and the result has been a most 
happy one. Since the third day after I entered his Vocal Gymnasium, I have 
been able to converse with friends and strangers, without any impediment 
whatever. I unhesitatingly recommend all who stammer to make a trial of 
Dr. C.'s mode of treatment. It is founded on philosophical principles, and I 
feel confident, if persevered in, will always produce the same beneficial results 
as my own case. I shall reside, during the winter, at No. 200 Arch Street, 
where I shall be happy to receive a visit from any one who may desire far- 
ther information on the subject. Respectfully, 

LEVI S. YATES, of Williamston, N. C, 
Student of Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. 



From the Philadelphia Saturday Courier, July 21, 1838. 
STAMMERERS. 
We notice as an interesting fact, that C. H. J. Pigman, Esq., (a young gentleman who 
was recently in our office, while under the care of Dr. Comstock, for stammering,) de- 
livered the oration at Cumberland, Md., on the 4th instant. It was a clear and distinct 
performance, and was well received by a large auditory. A copy in print has been re- 
ceived by us. The Civilian of that place remarks, that the enunciation of Mr. Pigman 
is so clear, that if it had not previously been known that he had laboured severely under 
an impediment, none who hear him speak would be aware that he had ever been troubled 
with such a difficulty. Mr. Pigman and his friends (who are highly respectable), unite 
in bestowing great credit upon the scientific skill of Dr. Comstock. We think we de» 
unfortunate stammerers a kindness by commending this gentleman to their consideration 



33 

We always thought Dr. Comstock's system for the cure of Stammer- 
ing a sealed book, because it was so certain ; he has, however, in the 
plenitude of his benevolence, and for a small consideration, surrendered 
his knowledge and experience for the more general benefit of the world. 
He has here collected and widely diffused all that he has heretofore pub- 
lished upon this subject, and by well-executed plates illustrated what is 
not, as well as what is correct in gesture, &c, for which we doubt not 
the heads of our public schools will be duly grateful, as affording them 
facilities and suggestions in a very important branch of education, 
•Which they could not before command. 

The eminent success of Dr. C. in his practical teachings, is the only 
commendation the present work can require, and we understand its 
merits are fully appreciated, if we are to judge from an extensive de- 
mand by several of our most distinguished Professors. 

We may also remark, that the work is enriched by numerous selec- 
tions from the writings of the most celebrated authors, to be spoken in 
the elocutionary exercises, with marks indicating the proper time of 
emphasis. Saturday Courier, Philadelphia, Dec. 11, 1841. 



A good system for breaking up the stiff jaws of a speaker, and round- 
ing the sharp angles in his uncouth gestures — two embarrassment! 
under which many labour, and which few thoroughly overcome. We 
may laugh at Dr. Comstock's mouths and gestures as much as we 
please, but it is only by such mouths and gestures that one becomes a 
graceful speaker. North American, Philadelphia, Dec. 11, 1841. 



Dr. Comstock has devoted many years sedulously to the study of 
Elocution, not merely as a declamatory art, but as a science compre- 
hending all the phenomena of the voice, and the means by which it may 
be most successfully cultivated for all the purposes of speaking. We 
have examined, with some attention, the first part of Dr. Comstock's 
book, and find that in treating of elementary sounds, he advances pre- 
cepts evincing an intelligent analysis of vocal utterance, — a subject very 
lightly passed over in ordinary text-books upon Elocution. The whole 
subject of the book appears to have been digested with equal knowledge 
and care, and we would commend to teachers the adoption of his sys- 
tem, as based upon a true comprehension of the powers and uses of the 
organs of speech, and the modes of graceful and appropriate action in 
oratorical exercises. Various plates illustrate the text, and enable intel- 
ligent readers to apprehend the principles of oral delivery and gesture 
without the aid of a special preceptor. 

National Gazette, Philadelphia, Dec. 13, 1841. 

The experience of Dr. Comstock as a Professor of Elocution, and his 
eminent success in the cure of stammering and other defects of speech, 
as well as the warm commendations of gentlemen in whose judgment 
the utmost reliance may be placed, justify us in recommending this 
work to all who are desirous of acquiring the art of reading or speaking 
with ease, grace and power. 

American Sentinel, Philadelphia, Dec. 13, 1841. 



34 

W? have found time to look with some care into Dr. Comstock's text 
book, and have been led to admire the plan and general execution. The 
author has brought to his subject a willing mind, " and long experience 
makes him sage." 

Numerous pieces of great strength, are illustrated for gesticulation, 
by engravings that are well executed, and which give a very correct 
idea to the reader of the motions to be used in an open, free reading of 
the speech. 

The remarks and notation of the compiler are excellent, and give, sc 
far as we could examine, a correct view of the pauses, volume of voice, 
and accentuation. 

We commend Dr. Comstock's volume to the consideration of teachers 
and of learners. United States Gazette, Philadelphia, Dec. 14, 1841. 

We have a distinct recollection of a tall, smiling gentleman, who, 
when we were a white-pated shaver going to school, used to come tri- 
weekly to the academy, and standing up duly before us, make us ges- 
ticulate, pronounce, read, and deliver speeches until we thought our arms 
would be jerked from their sockets, or that our lungs at least would give 
way. But we are living still, and so is our smiling friend Dr. Corn- 
stock. He has turned author too, and our table even now bears witness 
to that fact, in the presence of an admirable treatise on elocution by our 
former teacher. 

No man, perhaps, in the United States understands so well how to 
cure stammering as Dr. Comstock. His success in this department has 
been almost miraculous. Yet he does not seek to hide his secret " un- 
der a bushel," but, with true benevolence, has made it public in the 
work before us. The volume also treats generally of elocution, gesticu- 
lation, &c. &c, and should be the study of every one desirous of be- 
coming an orator, or even of reading well. The work is illustrated by 
numerous figures, displaying every position to be assumed in pronoun- 
cing a speech. Indeed, we have never seen a more complete treatise 
of the kind, and we cordially recommend it to parents, teachers, and 
others, as a work especially deserving support. Next to the privilege 
of being a pupil of the doctor is the privilege of purchasing his book. 
Saturday Evening Post, Philadelphia, Dec. 18, 1841. 



The system of Dr. Comstock is peculiar, and we cannot speak intel- 
ligently on it, because it cannot be understood without a study, which 
we are unable to give to it. We can however say, that it appears to us 
to be founded on philosophical principles, and to be exceedingly well 
illustrated in parts which we readily comprehend. Dr. Comstock is not 
u mere theorist ; he is eminently a practical man, and in the application 
of his principles he has been very successful in developing the powers 
of elocution, and in the cure of defective exercise of the organs of speech 
Presbyterian, Philadelphia, Dec. 18, 1841. 

This work contains some new and plausible principles, and it is em 
bellished by numerous diagrams and engraved figures, illustrative of 
the subject. We have never seen a work of this kind published in a 
more elegant manner. Philadelphia Gazette, Dec 21, 1841 



35 

This is one of the most elaborate works on Elocution ever published 
in our country, containing the results of much study and attention to 
the subject, and a thorough acquaintance with the philosophy of the 
human voice. Its several parts are systematically arranged — and its 
rules are illustrated to the eye by numerous diagrams. It is well adapt- 
ed to meet the wants of schools and colleges as well as to direct private 
individuals, who would improve themselves in reading and speaking. 
Christian Observer, Philadelphia, Jan. 7, 1842. 



The politeness of the author has placed before us his " System of 
Elocution," but from a hurried glance at its contents, we are not able 
to say as much for it as its merits demand ; however we have seen suffi- 
cient to be enabled to recommend it particularly to the heads of families 
and schools, who cannot fail to find it an invaluable auxiliary in the 
various subjects of which it treats. Its divisions comprise Elocution, 
Vocal Gymnastics, Gesture, Practical Elocution, being exercises in arti- 
culation, pitch, force, time and gesture, and exercises in reading and 
declamation. The engravings are exceedingly numerous, and admira- 
bly adapted to the purposes for which they are designed. 

Catholic Herald, Philadelphia, Jan. 20, 1842. 

Dr. Comstock has been long and favourably known in this city, and 
elsewhere, as a distinguished and successful teacher of Elocution. His 
system views that important, yet so sadly neglected, branch of education, 
as both a science and an art. His principles are founded on truth and 
nature, and in their practical application he is evidently master of his 
subject. Friends, in whose judgment we place reliance, speak of him 
as a teacher in terms of high commendation. The work we have just 
noticed is a new edition, with special reference to gesture, to the treat- 
ment of stammering, and defective articulation ; comprising numerous 
diagrams and engraved figures, illustrative of the subject. 

Banner of the Cross, Philadelphia, Feb. 5, 1842. 



Comstock's System of Elocution, for sale by S. S. & W. Wood. — 
This is a most excellent book, containing a system of elocution, with 
special reference to gesture. It has a great number of cuts, descriptive 
of the plan, and is admirably calculated for the learner. It ought to be 
made a school-book, and be in the possession of every seminary. 
New York Express, March 2, 1842. 



Dr. A. Comstock, ) 



Philadelphia, Dec. 10, 1841 



Philadelphia. 
Dear Sir — I am much obliged to you for the copy which you were 
so kind as to send me of your "System of Elocution.^ I find youi 
book admirably adapted to the object for which it is intended. 
I am very respectfully, Dear Sir, 

your obedient servant, 

CHARLES PICOT. 



36 

From the Rev. Thomas B. Bradford. 

Philadelphia, April 4, 1842. 

I take great pleasure in recommending Dr. Comstock's System of 
Elocution. A practical acquaintance with the system, and with the 
instructions of its author, enables me to speak with confidence of the 
high superiority of this treatise, and of the ample qualifications of its 
author as an instructor in the art of speaking. 

His course of instruction is exactly adapted to the cure of stammerers 
and my personal knowledge of the cure of those who have been thus 
afflicted, warrants me in particularly recommending such individuals to 
place themselves under the tuition of Dr. Comstock. 

T. B. BRADFORD. 



From E. C. Wines, A. M., late Professor of Moral, Mental 

and Political Science in the Central High School of 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia, Oct. 22d, 1842. 

I take pleasure in stating that Dr. A. Comstock taught Elocution in 
my school during the whole of last year, and that his System of Elocu- 
tion was used as a text-book. I consider it a work of very great merit, 
admirably adapted to the end for which it was designed. The principles 
of the science are laid down with clearness and ability in the First Part; 
and the selections for practice in the Second Part arc made with excel- 
lent judgment. It is a work every way worthy of the public patronage. 

The progress of the pupils in my school under Dr. Comstock's in- 
struction was altogether satisfactory. He fully sustained his high repu- 
tation as a teacher of practical elocution. 

E. C. WINES. 

From S. W. Crawford, A. M., Principal of the Academy 
connected with the University of Pennsylvania. 

I have examined Dr. Comstock's Elocution, and agree with Mr 
Wines in the above recommendation. 

S. W. CRAWFORD. 



From the Pennsylvania Law Journal, Dec. 10, 1842. 

We acknowledge the receipt of a copy of this valuable work ; and 
although a treatise on elocution cannot be regarded as a law-book, the 
subject of vocal delivery is so nearly connected with the practice of the 
law, that we willingly accord to this volume a notice in our Journal. 

Doctor Comstock has been long known to both the editors as a sue* 
cessful teacher of the subjects treated in his book. He has, perhaps, 
paid greater and more intelligent attention to defects of articulation, and 
to the cure of them, than any other person in the United States, And 
while certificates from Professor W. E. Horner and other members of 



37 

the Faculty, attest that Dr. Comstock's " System is founded upon an 
exact anatomical and physiological information in regard to the organa 
concerned in the production and modification of sound," numberless 
testimonials from pupils residing in every part of the Union, show that 
he has been equally successful in the more rare, though not less im- 
portant part of the teacher's office ; we mean, imparting his science 
with practical effect. A long and intimate acquaintance with the Dr. 
enables the editors to vouch for the truth of what is thus attested, and 
yet more, to bear a ready testimonial to Dr. Comstock's merits as an 
amiable, gentlemanly, and conscientious man. 

We have, indeed, often lamented the gross, and, to an car of any 
susceptibility, the distressing inattention to delivery so generally pre- 
valent in the pulpits and at the bar, in this country. How surprising, 
in this day of almost universal accomplishment, that in professions 
whose common object is persuasion through the medium of the voice, 
the management of " this mighty instrument for touching the heart of 
man," should be so much disregarded ! should be treated in one pro- 
fession as useless, in the other as almost impious ! 

How many a divine, whose sermon was replete with learning, with 
piety, with all the refinements of graceful composition, has sent away a 
ready (perhaps an anxious) hearer, disgusted with the unimpressive, 
nay, sometimes the sickening manner in which the preacher's senti- 
ments were delivered ! while a Maffet or a Kirk is followed by thou 
sands whose slumbering sensibilities are first awakened to the majesty 
of the gospel truth, by the commanding power of an impressive voice ! 

How many a jury has thought a speaker's argument without force, 
because his manner was so; and have found a verdict against law and 
against evidence, because they had been charmed into delusion by the 
potent fascination of some gifted orator ! 

Who, indeed, that has listened to the ennobled voice of Kemble, to 
the chastened recitation of a Wood, to the air-dropt accents of Mrs, 
Seymour, or the sternly pleasing power of Ellen Tree; who, that seek- 
ing a better school, may have hearkened to the unsurpassed discourses 
of a Wainwright, rising, now, to fervour almost apostolic, sometimes 
sinking into gentleness unearthly, has not acknowledged the power of 
educated tone to awaken an eloquent response from the chords of human 
feeling ? Who has not felt, on such occasion, " that when, in connection 
with a more careful culture of our moral being, the voice shall be trained 
to a more perfect manifestation of its powers, a charm, hitherto unfelt, 
will be lent to the graceful pleasures of life, and an influence of almost 
antried efficacy to its serious occasions !" 

Let, then, our preachers leave the towering heights of their divinity, 
and strive to present its humbler truths in more graceful garb. Let our 
lawyers, not neglecting the weightier matters of the law, attend to 
those embellishments of argument which, with half our race, often prove 
more effective than argument itself. 

The Author acknowledges the receipt of a recommendation from J, 
E. Murdoch, Esq., the well-known elocutionist of Boston ; and he regreta 
that want of room prevents its insertion here. Mr. Murdoch has adopted 
the work as a text-book in his Vocal and Athletic Institute. 



From Rev. R. Morris, President of Mount Sylvan Academy, 



Mount Sylvan Academy, Lafayette Co., Miss., July 20, 1847. 
Dr. Comstock: 

Dear Sir, — We use your Elocution in this Institution, and are una- 
nimous in the opinion that there is no work of the kind within our 
knowledge that will touch it in adaptedness to the wants of schools. 

In my capacity as President of the Association of Teachers, and 
Chairman of a Committee to select Standard School-Books, I recom- 
mended your Elocution, and it was adopted. 

Would not a set of School-Readers from your pen, meet with 
good encouragement ? It seems to me that your name as a champion 
of elocution would give them an immediate passport to popularity. 
I am with great respect, yours, 

R. MORRIS. 



The following is from James Henry, Jun. } Esq., for several 
years Sujp't of Common Schools for the Co. of Herkimer, 
JV. Y. (1847.) 

COMSTOCK'S SYSTEM OF ELOCUTION, PHONETIC SPEAKER, 
AND CHARTS OF ELEMENTARY SOUNDS. 

The author of these works has spent twenty years in the study 
of the subjects of which they treat, and is probably the best known, 
and the most successful practical Elocutionist in the country. He 
was the first to arrange, in tabular and systematic forms, the 
elements of our language ; and most, if not all, of the numerous 
phonological charts which have appeared, are essentially transcripts 
from, though not improvements of, this author's works. In their 
latest editions, Comstock's books and charts are, beyond question, 
unsurpassed by any thing of their kind which has yet been offered 
the public. Besides the great facilities which they afford for habits 
of correct, elegant, and effective reading and speaking, they present 
also, in graceful and attractive forms, many of those fundamental, 
moral, and political truths, on the right apprehension and practical 
application of which, by the mass of our people, depend the support 
and perpetuity of our free institutions. They also contemplate a 
thorough reformation in our anomalous and barbarous orthography. 



39 

From the Rev. Henry W. Ducachet, M. D., D. D. 

Philadelphia, June 26th, 1843. 
Andrew Comstock, M. D. 

Dear Sir — I have very carefully read the " System of Elocution," 
&c. published by you. Indeed, ever since I have become acquainted 
with the work, I have made it a book of reference on that subject It 
seems to me admirably well adapted to the purposes for which it is de- 
signed. I have, indeed, no experience in the treatment of " stammering," 
or " defective articulation." But your rules for their cure appear very 
natural, and I think cannot fail, in ordinary cases, to be successful. For 
myself, I can say that I have derived from your work, some hints that 
have been most useful to me as a public speaker. I hope the book will 
be appreciated as it deserves, and that you will go on to reap a rich har- 
vest of reputation and profit from your valuable labours in that much 
neglected, but very important art 

Very respectfully, your ob't serv't, 

HENRY W. DUCACHET, 
Rector of St. Stephen's Church, Philadelphia. 



From G. W. Francis, A. M., Principal of a Family Board- 
ing School, Troy^ N. Y. ; and C. H. Anthony, Esq., 
Principal of the Albany Classical Institute, Albany^ 
IS. Y. 

We have used Dr. Comstock's System op Elocution for some time in 
our schools, and we do not hesitate to give it the preference to any system 
with which we are acquainted. 

G. W. FRANCIS. 
C. H. ANTHONY. 
Troy, N. Y., Feb. 2d, 1844, 



From the Faculty of the University of Michigan, 

University of Michigan, April 20, 1845. 
We have examined Dr. Comstock's System of Elocution with some 
care, and we are fully persuaded that it is better adapted to assist 
pupils in acquiring a correct, easy and forcible enunciation than any 
other work with which we are acquainted. 

JOSEPH WHITING, A. M. 

Professor of Languages. 

A. TENBROOK, A. M. 

Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy. 

GEO. P. WILLIAMS, A. M. 

Professor of Mathematics. 

O. C. COMSTOCK, A. M., M. D. 
Superintendant of Public Instruction. Michigan 



40 A Letter from the Hon. Ira Mai/hew, of Michigan. 

Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 
Monroe, May 15, 1847. 
Dear Sir ; 

I received by yesterday's mail, " Comstock's Phonetic Reader," and 
" Speaker." I had before in my possession (received from some 
unknown source) your "Treatise on Phonology," No. 1, and the 1st, 
2d, 3d, 7th, and 9th Nos. of your " Phonetic Magazine." 

I was unable to give any attention to these works when first received. 
When I got a little time to devote to the subject, I took up the Treatise 
on Phonology, and I was unable to lay it down until I had completed 
its perusal. I placed it in the hands of my children, and judge what 
was my surprise to hear a daughter not yet six years old, read the 
first chapter of Genesis fluently, in less than one hour from the time 
she first saw a Phonetic character ! 

I wish you every possible success in your efforts to facilitate the 
acquisition of the English language. Permit me, sir, to express the 
hope that, when you shall have prepared the necessary elementary 
books, Phonology will become a common branch of study in the pri- 
mary schools of this, and other States of the Union. 

Very truly yours, 
IRA MAYHEW, Siip't. Public Instruction. 
To Andrew Comstock, M. D., Philadelphia. 

A Letter from J. K. Mitchell, M. J)., the Professor of the 
Theory and Practice of Medicine, in Jefferson Medical 
College, Philadelphia, and a Member of the American 

Philosophical Society. 

Philadelphia, June 28, 1851. 
Andrew Comstock, M. D. 

Dear Sir — From a critical examination of your great theory of 
phonetics, I am glad to find that the system has already attained to 
completion. To me it is truly gratifying to learn that an alphabet 
exists which is strictly representative, not only of all the sounds, but 
of their various modifications in speech, in every language in which 
books are written upon the arts and sciences. I am glad to perceive this, 
because I consider a universal alphabet of the greatest value to the 
cifilized world. A knowledge of your system enables the student, at 
once and always, to read every book printed conformably to it, not 
only in English, but in French, German, Latin, Greek, Spanish, 
Italian, &c. The greatest 'obstacle to the acquisition of one's verna- 
cular, or any other language, is thus entirely removed, and the learner 
finds the only insuperable impediment to self-instruction totally ob- 
viated. Not only will your system of phonetics do these things, but it will 
produce that uniformity of pronunciation so desirable and so elegant. 

I esteem your efforts of the greatest value, because I perceive that 
the dream of Franklin has become, in your hands, a profound reality. 
I remain, dear sir, truly yours, 

J. K. MITCHELL. 



RECOMMENDATIONS 



COMSTOCK'S SYSTEM OF PHONETICS, 



From the Saturday Courier of May 2d, 1846. 
Comstock's Treatise on Phonology. 

Every one, who has paid the least attention to the construction of our 
language, must have observed the great uncertainty and perplexity of its 
principles: and many foreigners, in attempting to master its arbitrary 
peculiarities, have been compelled to abandon it in despair. In view of 
these plain facts, we presume it will be curious, if not deeply interesting, 
to all who speak the language, to learn something of a formidable at- 
tempt now being made, both in England and in this country, to render 
the orthography and pronunciation of the English language easy of 
acquisition, and classic and perfect in every feature, by means of an 
alphabet which appropriates a letter to every elementary sound. 

We have glanced at the several systems that have come under our 
eye, and give the decided preference, in point of beauty and complete- 
ness, to that of the well-known Dr. Comstock, of this city, who should 
be considered as almost the father and inventor of the reform. Accord- 
ing to this plan, each of the elementary sounds in the English language 
has the same letter wherever the sound occurs. The effect produced by 
the new letters in the appearance of the print, gives additional beauty 
to the mechanism of the words. And as the alphabet here presented 
removes all difficulty in spelling and pronouncing the words of our lan- 
guage, all philologists, who consult the welfare of the human race, must 
rejoice in the prospect of seeing the world relieved of that heavy burden, 
the old system of orthography, which nothing but the Chinese charac- 
ters emulates in perplexity. 

We are not noted for running after " new-fangled absurdities," but 
we think the importance of the end proposed in this matter so great as 
to warrant us in taking some trouble to explain in brief its features to 
our readers — fully aware that any attempt to reform a universal and 
deeply-seated popular custom, must necessarily be a work of time and 
perseverance. 

[Here followed the New Alphabet, several instances of the absurdities of the old 
system of orthography, copied from the Treatise, and the Lord's Prayer in Phonetio 
characters. — Ed.] 

9 (97) 



98 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

A Letter from Professor Miles. 

Savannah, Ga., April 17, 1847. 
My dear Doctor : 

I have received your Magazine since its commencement; the last two 
numbers having just reached me. It appears to be improving each 
successive month. I have shown the work to a large number of the 
literati of the South; and, with here and there an exception, your plan 
meets with unqualified favor. The wonder is, not that such an enter- 
prise is going 1 into successful operation, but that it has never been done 
before. I was discussing the scheme with the Principal of a large 
classical school at Milledgeville, and he said that he did not think he 
should patronize it. Says he, " It will not be for my immediate interest 
to advocate it at this time ; but I apprehend it will be successful, and at 
no very distant day." So much for the opinion of one whose interest is 
against it. Judge Longstreet, the distinguished President of Emery 
College, at Oxford, says your plan is the successful practice on the best 
idea that has been advanced since the publication of the first alphabet. 

It is gratifying to see how effectually your Alphabet is going ahead 
of the crude and uncouth system of Pitman. A system of so many and 
such glaring faults as his, can end in nothing but disappointment. 
Yours truly, 

PLINY MILES. 



A Letter from Professor J. Horace Smith, Jeffersonian Academy, New 
Orleans. 

New Orleans, April 26th, 1847. 
Dr. A. Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — I received yours of the 17th ult. ; but the expectation of 
receiving a copy of each of your Phonetic works prevented me from 
answering it earlier. I am much disappointed by not yet obtaining 
those works and your Charts, for which I applied through a book-house 
in this place as early as the third of February. I presume they will 
come soon. 

I acknowledge, with grateful feelings, your kindness in anticipating 
my wishes, by sending, through the post, a copy of your Phonetic 
Speaker. How much reason has the world to adopt your works, and 
hail you as the benefactor of mankind ! I feel persuaded that you must 
acquire a fame imperishable, from one extremity of the globe to the 
other : your works cannot die. The ease with which the English lan- 
guage may now be acquired, its richness, perspicuity, and grandeur, 
the enterprise of those who use it, all assure rne that it is destined to 
give laws to the world. Not fifty years ago, the English language was 
confined within a very narrow circle — now it is much more general in 
every quarter. History is full of this natural progress ; we hardly know 
where to place its dawn. The English language has been one of pro- 
gression and improvement all along. It is quite difficult to read it as 
written even in Elizabeth's time ; and now, in our own times, it has 
materially changed and improved. But why not terminate these per- 
plexing changes at once, by the introduction of a perfect alphabet? All 
thinking persons expect one from some quarter or other. There must 



COMSTOCK'S PHONOLOGY. 99 

be a commencement — and few reflecting 1 men will feel disposed to im- 
pede any improvement, much less one which must benefit the civilized 
world. 

As far as I can judge, your characters are perfect ; and your vocal 
gymnastic exercises, and, indeed, everything in your Speaker, are truly 
rational. I am in raptures with your system, and intend to bring it 
immediately into public notice. It is my design to form classes in 
Elocution as soon as I can obtain a sufficient number of your books. 

Go on, Sir, in your laudable and praiseworthy enterprise — I will do 
all I can here in the South. All great and moral reforms must spring 
from the youth of our land. An instructor requires a vigilance that 
never sleeps — a perseverance that never tires : we must work, work, 
work. 

I am your obedient servant, 

J. H. SMITH. 



A Letter from the Hon. Ira Mayhew. 

STATE OF MICHIGAN: 

Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, ) 
Monroe, May 15, 1847. £ 

Dear Sir : 

I received by yesterday's mail, "Comstock's Phonetic Reader," and 
41 Speaker." I had before in my possession (received from some un- 
known source) your "Treatise on Phonology," No. 1, and the 1st, 2d, 
3d, 7th, and 9th Nos. of your "Phonetic Magazine." 

I was unable to give any attention to these works when first received. 
When I got a little time to devote to the subject, I took up the Treatise 
on Phonology, and I was unable to lay it down until I had completed its 
perusal. I placed it in the hands of my children, and judge what was 
my surprise to hear a daughter, not yet six years old, read the first 
chapter of Genesis fluently, in less than one hour from the time she first 
saw a Phonetic character ! 

I think much of Phonology as a means of acquiring, readily and accu- 
rately, a knowledge of the orthoepy of our language. 

I suppose the " Reader" and " Speaker" were forwarded by yourself 
or your publishers. You will please receive my thanks for the favor. I 
have never carefully examined your Charts, though I have seen one of 
them in a school taught by one of your former students. 

I wish you every possible success in your efforts to facilitate the ac- 
quisition of the English language. Permit me, sir, to express the hope 
that, when you shall have prepared the necessary elementary books, 
Phonology will become a common branch of study in the primary schools 
of this, and other States of the Union. 

Yexy truly yours, 

IRA MAYHEW, 
Svfi't. Public Instruction. 
To Andrew Comstock, M. D., ) 
Philadelphia. £ 



100 RECOMMENDATIONS OP 



From Godey's Magazine and Lady's Book, July, 1847. 

The Phonetic Speaker, by A. Com stock, M. D. The Phonetic 
Reader, by A. Comstock, M. D. Both of these nicely-printed volumes 
are from the press of E. H. Butler & Co., and certainly make Phonetic- 
dom appear quite imposing-. We have also received several numbers 
of " Comstock's Phonetic Magazine,' 1 '' devoted to the new art. It has a 
most energetic and indefatigable master teacher in Dr. Comstock, and 
if the work of changing- the modes of spelling and writing the English 
language can be done, he seems the Hercules for the task. In our 
August number, we shall advert to this subject again, and give speci- 
mens of this new method, so that our readers may have the opportunity 
of seeing what we are not sufficiently skilled in the signs as yet to 
explain. 



From the North American and United States Gazette, July 8, 1847. 

[This article was written by the late Dr. Robert Montgomery Bird, Au- 
thor of "The Gladiator/' "Nick cf the Woods," "The Infidel," " Cali- 
var," Ac] 

Dr. Comstock's Phonotypy, or Phonetic Reform. We have on our 
table three of Dr. Comstock's publications, — the Phonetic Magazine, 
No. 11, for July, 1847; the Phonetic Minstrel, or Songs in honor of 
Phonotypy, set to popular airs ; and the first number of the New Testa- 
ment (embracing the Gospel of St. Matthew, and part of that of St. 
Mark), printed in Dr. Comstock's new phonetic character. 

The Phonetic reform, we need scarcely inform the reader, aims to 
remedy the confusion and innumerable difficulties growing out of the 
want of correspondence between the pronunciation and the orthography 
of the English language, and aims to remedy all by the introduction 
of a new alphabet, capable of representing with precision the literal 
sounds of which words are composed. The defect in the language is a 
notorious and admitted one, and has been the occasion of various at- 
tempts by ingenious persons to introduce phonetic systems ; no less than 
ten of which, including one by Dr. Franklin, we find noticed in the 
Phonetic Magazine. 

It would be impossible for us to give the reader any just idea of these 
alphabets, without the introduction of their types, differing, of course, 
very considerably from those in which these remarks are printed. Nor 
is this necessary, as our object is merely to invite attention to a subject 
in itself of considerable interest, and to commend the ingenuity of Dr. 
Comstock's System, and the energy with which, regardless of expense, 
and of the obstacles always thrown in the way of reformers, he labors 
to promote the cause he has so much at heart. 

The success of such a reform would be productive of great benefits, 
by reducing the time and labor necessary to the perfect acquisition of 
English orthography. Under the present system, a child is necessarily 
occupied for years in learning to read. The syllabic alphabet invented 
by the native Indian philosopher Guest, for the Cherokee language, 
enables a little papoose who never before saw a letter, to reau a Cherokee 
book in two or three days. As soon as he has acquired the alphabet, he 



comstock's phonology. 101 

has acquired the power of reading. The multifarious sounds of the 
English language forbid a syllabic alphabet ; but it is evident that an 
alphabet in which every letter has a fixed and unalterable value, would 
greatly expedite the progress and lessen the task of learning, where the 
alphabet itself is not a difficult one. This is not at all the case with 
Comstock's. It consists of but thirty-eight simple and six compound 
letters, — forty-four in all; and a half-hour or hour's attention will make 
any adult readers, and, we should think, many juvenile ones, acquainted 
with it. 



From the Christian Observer, Philadelphia. July 9, 1847. 

The New Testament, Printed in Comstock's Perfect Alphabet. Pub- 
lished in Numbers. Philadelphia : Published by A. Comstock, M. D., 
100 Arch street. 8vo. pp. 64. 

Most of our readers, we presume, have heard of Dr. Comstock's 
Phonetic Alphabet — in which every elementary sound in our language is 
designated by a letter appropriated to that sound only. His alphabet 
consists of 38 characters, which express all the elementary sounds in the 
language. In its structure we have the results of patient thought and 
ingenuity, presented in forms so simple, as to enable one to understand 
it in a very short time. In one hour a child may be taught to read and 
pronounce words correctly, printed in the phonetic characters. The 
author designs his alphabet to be universal — and, from a cursory exami- 
nation, it appears to be admirably adapted to express the elementary 
sounds in most of the languages of modern Europe. 

The advantages of an alphabet expressing every sound by a letter, 
and of words so written that their pronunciation shall be seen at a 
glance, are perfectly obvious. Every reader recollects that it was the 
labor of months or years in childhood, to learn to spell and read cor- 
rectly ; and then he must have a dictionary at hand, if he would acquire 
the approved pronunciation of our language. The Phonetic Alphabet 
is designed to save our children from more than nine-tenths of all 
this toil. 

The changes it proposes to introduce in written language, are funda- 
mental. It will create a revolution in writing and printing, if it shall 
be universally adopted. Whether it is desirable to save our children 
from the mental labor and discipline required in learning the various 
sounds of letters — and whether it is practicable for any man or combi- 
nation of men, at this day, to carry such a revolution through the world 
of letters, are questions which we cannot here discuss. But we cordially 
invite attention to Dr. C.'s publications. They merit an examination, as 
the productions of original genius, and as efforts to save all future gene- 
rations of students from a world of trouble, in learning the arbitrary 
inconsistencies which abound in the ordinary use of our alphabet. They 
are favorably received in various quarters. The Hon. Ira Mayhew, 
Superintendent of public instruction in Michigan, expresses the opinion 
that Dr. C.'s elementary books on Phonology will become a common 
branch of study in the common schools of that State and others. 

In the handsome pamphlet named above, we have the gospel by Mat- 
thew, and three chapters of Mark's gospel, neatly printed in the charac 
ters of Dr. C.'s alphabet. 
Q * 



102 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 



From NeaVs Saturday Gazette, July 17, 1847. 

As many of our readers have written to us to inquire into Dr. Com 
stock's system of simplifying- the orthography of the English language, 
we give the subjoined alphabet, &c, as furnishing the whole matter in 
the briefest space, so that every one may see for himself into the pro- 
posed reform. We cannot pretend to anticipate the results of time, which 
brings so many changes in its course ; and whether the Doctor and 
those who follow in his footsteps will succeed or not, in their radical 
effort, must remain for the future to determine. It will be a slow pro- 
cess, certainly. But so many are now moving in the same direction, 
that the enterprise is at least calculated to attract attention from 
curiosity, if from no other motive. The Doctor is full of zeal and en- 
thusiasm, pouring forth shot after shot at the fabric of superfluous letters ; 
and if he makes progress in the assault, he will be the man who has 
taken Gibraltar by storm. 



A Letter from Professor Jackman. 

Norwich, Vt, Aug. 21st, 1847. 
Dr. Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — The twelve numbers constituting the first volume of your 
Magazine I have received, and am highly pleased with the work, for I 
consider it a perfect work. I have resigned my situation in the N. Uni- 
versity, and think of locating myself in the valley of the Mississippi ; 
when located, I shall again send for your Magazine, for every family in 
the United States ought to take it. 

Previous to my becoming acquainted with your Magazine, I had 
practised some in Mr. Pitman's system — for his deficiencies I had made 
additions, thereby adapting the system to my practical wants. When, 
however, I saw your system of Phonology so clearly elucidated, while 
Pitman's was like a mountain-top in the fog, I was willing to suspend 
further practice until your system should come out, and then I could be 
my own judge, so far as my wants are concerned. 
Very respectfully, yours, 

A. JACKMAN. 



A Letter from the Rev. Wm. Beardsley, 

Author of a Phonetic Alphabet, a System of Short-Hand, &c. 

Griggsville, Pike Co., Illinois, July 26, 1847. 
A. CojKtock, M. D. 

Dear Sir, — Having recently removed from Quincy to this place, where 
I have taken charge of an Academic Institution, and being anxious to 
receive the Magazine in time to come, I write to request that you will 
forward it to me at this place, — also the Phonetic Testament, for which 
I send, enclosed, one dollar. 

I desire greatly to become acquainted with your System of Elocu- 
tion; and, if it should equal my expectations, to introduce it as a text- 
book in the Institution of which I have the charge. I have Porter's and 
Bronson's ; but they are not what is needed. 



comstock's phonology. 103 

I am desirous to obtain, at the outset, the most approved books, and 
to introduce the most approved methods of instruction. 

The plan of a Universal Alphabet, which you have commenced pub- 
lishing-, I have, for many years, advocated, and have urged the import- 
ance of using a perfect Alphabet of the English as the standard, and, 
for elementary sounds not heard in the English, inventing new charac- 
ters, or using old ones found in those languages, such as may correspond 
in their general features to those in the English. I am well pleased with 
those on the first page of your Phonetic Magazine of July. 

I received, not long since, a letter from an old friend of mine (now 
an agent for Andrews and Boyle), pressing me to engage as an editor, 
or teacher of Pitman's system. I have just written to him that, on the 
whole, I give your system the preference ; and, if one of them is to be 
the standard, I would, had I the power, decide in favor of yours. 

I have written a treatise on Epology and Epography, including also a 
system of Stenography, — the whole probably sufficient to make a duode- 
cimo volume of 200 pages. A specimen of my stenography I send 
enclosed, "The Declaration of Independence." 

In teaching the Ancient Greek, I have, for several years, made use of 
the modern Greek pronunciation. Suppose, in the September number 
of the Magazine, you occupy one page, at least, in giving a specimen 
of the Greek (from the first chapter of Mark) in your Epography or 
Universal Alphabet, according to the Modern Greek pronunciation. Also 
express your opinion as to the pronunciation of the Latin, as well as the 
Greek, which should be adopted in our seminaries of learning. 
I am, Sir, yours for reform, 

WM. BEARDSLEY. 



A Letter from Professor J. Horace Smith, Jeffersonian Academy. 

New Orleans, August 2, 1847. 
Dr. A. Comstoce : 

My Dear Sir, — Four months since, in this city, I made an experiment 
upon a German, with your Treatise. I taught him one hour a day for 
six days. The man had never received instruction before — indeed he 
did not know a single letter. I can produce testimony here to prove 
that, on the sixth day, he read very well in your characters. 

Please send me three dozen of your Phonetic Readers, three dozen 
Phonetic Speakers, three dozen of your System of Elocution, three dozen 
Epitome Historise Sacra?, half a dozen large Charts (Phoneticons), half 
a dozen small Charts, four dozen Phonetic Testaments, four dozen Pho 
netic Minstrels, and four dozen of your Treatise on Phonology. 

I am a sincere well-wisher to your cause, 

J. HORACE SMITH 



A Letter from Edmund H. Curtis, Esq. 

Erie, Pa., August 3d, 1847. 
Dear Sir, — Two weeks since I received by mail (from some unknown 
hand), your Phonetic Magazine, which has been read with great plea 
sure. Though I was entirely unacquainted with your Phonetic Alphabet, 
I was able to read readily, in fifteen minutes, by the use of your new 
characters. 



104 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

I am looking forward with bright expectation of one day seeing this 
nation a Phonetic one. The superiority of the Phonetic system to our 
present barbarous method of representing spoken sounds to the eye, is 
incalculable. 

There is not a single word in the English language but what might 
be spelled several different ways. And to show the absurdity of our 
present orthography, let us suppose one, unacquainted with it, wished to 
spell the word fort. He would at first say, there are four sounds in this 
word. The first sound, /, I shall indicate by ph, because I find this 
combination of letters used for the same purpose in the word phonetic. 
To represent the second sound, o, I shall take ough, because I find this 
combination used for the same purpose in dough. I shall use rrh as the 
representative of the third sound r, because these letters are used to 
represent this sound in myrrh. The fourth sound, t, I shall indicate by 
phth, because this combination is used for the same purpose in phthisic. 
Now, putting these letters together, we have phovghrrhphth to represent 
the word fort! On the same principle the word saw may be spelled at 
least twenty different ways, a few of which are as follows: — ssavgh, 
psuvgh, cavgh, pso, co, so, and sso. And the word Norwich may be 
spelled Gnavghrrhweighth. 

The object of writing should be to express accurately to the eye the 
sounds of spoken words. But this valuable and heaven-born principle 
is so thoroughly set at defiance in our present orthography, that there is 
not one word in a thousand which is spelled according to sound, or in 
which the spelling is any guide to the pronunciation, or the pronuncia- 
tion any guide to the spelling. 

I rejoice to see the smouldering embers of Phonetic truth, which have 
been so long confined, beginning to burst forth into flames which cannot 
be quenched until the rubbish and trash of heterography and heterotypy 
shall be consumed. Please to accept my hearty thanks, and believe me 
to be a friend in the Phonetic cause. 

Yours truly, 

EDMUND H. CURTIS. 
To A. Comstock:, M. D. Philada., Pa. 



A Letter from Wm. Jas. Vineyard, Esq., of Mississippi. 

Dr. Comstock : 

Sir, — I have been favored by the Rev. R. Morris with an opportunity 
of perusing your Phonetic Magazine, and have been much interested in 
it. I handed it to a person (who in the common type is an ordinary 
reader), directing his attention to the alphabet, and was surprised to 
hear him, in less than half an hour, reading fluently the third chapter 
of Matthew. It was next opened at a piece of poetry, which he read 
with the same fluency. This case presents decided evidence as to the 
simplicity of your Phonetic Alphabet, and the propriety of spelling words 
as they are pronounced. 

I have perused, with equal pleasure, your New Testament, and Pho- 
netic Minstrel. Religion and music offer increased attraction under 
such a beautiful garb. 

WM. JAMES VINEYARD. 



com stock's phonology. 105 



From Rev. R. Morris, Principal of Mount Sylvan Academy, Miss., and 
President of the Association of Teachers in that State. 

Dr. Comstock : 

My Dear Friend, — I have risen from a careful perusal of your New 
Testament and Phonetic Minstrel, with so much satisfaction, that I 
cannot forbear offering you my thanks for the present. The typography 
and mere printer's work are so beautiful, that, per se, they merit warm 
praises. If your good Quaker city can always do such good work, let 
her send specimens to this State, and she shall certainly have all our 
jobs. 

Upon the merits of your Phonetic Reform, I have already offered you 
some remarks, and have only to add that continued examination gives 
increased delight. I have determined upon trying your system with 
one of rny sons, about four years old, who is now a candidate for the 
Alphabet, and will give you, from time to time, the results of my expe- 
riment. 

Rev. T. D. Hunt, a gentleman of much acuteness in this neighbor- 
hood, took up the New Testament a tew days since, and read it off so 
fluently that I am sure not a single column was past until he knew every 
character, and, I need not say, greatly to his own pleasure. The New 
Testament should be extensively circulated. Being so well known to 
all classes of readers, old and young, it presents an opportunity, more 
than any other book, of comparing phonotypy with hetcrotypy. The 
accents, too, that " consummation" so long desired, of teaching accent 
by sight, add much to the value of the book, while the compactness and 
beautiful order which the type of your invention admit of, will recom- 
mend it alike to the child and to the scholar, to the vision and to the 
judgment. 

I sent money not long since, and purchased the system of a rival 
Phonist, that I might compare it by sijjht and sense with yours. In both 
it most signally failed, not only in my opinion, but in that of all who 
viewed the contrast; and I am so far satisfied that no method yet made 
public can successfully compete with yours. Accept this, my honest 
conviction, and believe me 

Sincerely yours, 

R. MORRIS. 
Mount Sylvan Academy, Miss., Sept. 15, 1847. 



From the North American and United States Gazette, Philadelphia, 
October 13, 1847. 

We are glad to receive the October number of Comstock's Phonetic 
Magazine, and to learn that the ingenuity and perseverance of its able 
conductor are making themselves understood throughout the land. We 
may never live to re-cast our types into the shape proposed by Dr. C, 
but we do live to see occasion to expect that he will fix some standard 
by which one generation can understand another of the same language. 
Dr. C. has hit upon the plan. 



106 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 



A Letter from S. M. Wilson, Esq., Elocutionist. 

Pembroke, N. II, Oct. 25, 1847. 
Dr. Comstock : 

My Dear Friend, — I have just received your beautiful Chart, The 
Phoneticon, and the first number of the New Testament. Both are 
exceedingly beautiful ; and, aside from their intrinsic value, worthy of 
preservation as specimens of the typographic art. The more I use the 
Perfect Alphabet, the more I admire its simplicity; and hereafter, ex- 
cept in particular cases, I intend to write Phonographically. 

In pursuing my profession, I intend hereafter to use your Phonetic 
works, and I think I shall do a great service to the community by so 
doing. The Phonetic Reform will triumph in spite of the opposition of 
those who stick to the " good old way." In this age of progress, people 
won't go round if they can cut across. Those who oppose this change 
in our orthography do not consider that in consequence of the want of 
precision in the sound of the letters, our orthography is continually 
changing. It has changed so much since our remembrance as to re- 
quire some study to keep up with the fashions ; and, if we look back to 
the era of Chaucer, Spenser, and Shakspeare, we shall find our language 
almost entirely changed. 

I am glad to know you are going to publish a Phonetic Dictionary. 
Such a work is a great desideratum. I will be responsible for an edition 
(1000 copies) of the work, myself. 

Very truly yours, 

S. M. WILSON. 



The following is from James Henry, Jun. Esq., for several years Svp't. of 
Common Schools for the Co. of Herkimer, N. Y. (1847.) 

Comstock's System of Elocution, Phonetic Speaker, and Charts of Elemen- 
tary Sounds. 

The author of these works has spent twenty years in the study of the 
subjects of which they treat, and is probably the best known, and the 
most successful practical Elocutionist in the country. He was the first 
to arrange, in tabular and systematic forms, the elements of our lan- 
guage ; and most, if not all, of the numerous phonological charts which 
have appeared, are essentially transcripts from, though not improvements 
of, this author's works. In their latest editions, Comstock's books and 
charts are, beyond question, unsurpassed by anything of their kind which 
has yet been offered the public. Besides the great facilities which they 
afford for habits of correct, elegant, and effective reading and speaking, 
they present also, in graceful and attractive forms, many of those fun- 
damental, moral, and political truths, on the right apprehension and 
practical application of which, by the mass of our people, depend the 
support and perpetuity of our free institutions. They also contemplate 
a thorough reformation in our anomalous and barbarous orthography. 



comstock's phonology. 107 

A Letter from the Rev. J. Avery Shepherd. 

Somerset Place (Cool Spring, P. O.), Dec. 2, 1847. 
Dr. A. Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — By your courtesy and kindness, I was not only supplied a 
few weeks ago with two numbers of the "Phonetic Magazine," but with 
tbe first number of the New Testament in the new alphabet, and still 
more with a letter in your own hand, which, perhaps more than either 
of the printed works, demonstrated the facility with which the graphic 
alphabet can be used. Appended to the New Testament was a note, 
implying a willingness to receive any expression of opinion which the 
recipient of the pamphlet might be disposed to give regarding the enter- 
prise in which you are engaged. 

Will you allow me to express a few reflections which I have made, 
after no very slight examination of this subject, and especially in con- 
nexion with the works you have had the kindness to send me ? And I 
would make these reflections take the form of an answer to each of these 
three questions : — 

1. Is our present system of orthography a deplorable one? 

2. Is it desirable to introduce a better one ? 

3. Is such a change practicable ? 

To the first question, it would seem that there could be but one an- 
swer. Any one who still retains a vivid impression of school-boy days, 
may perhaps call to mind many instances of severe flogging, where he 
was either the sufferer or a trembling witness, when the only fault, per- 
haps, grew out of the total inability to remember accurately the most 
unnatural and irregular orthography probably in Christendom. 

No one who has ever had any experience in teaching foreigners our 
language, can well forget the look of dismay, and sometimes of despair, 
with which his pupils regarded their early lessons in orthography. 
These things, with no small experience in teaching children in by-gone 
years, have satisfied me that the orthography of the English is perhaps 
the most monstrous, as well as perplexing, that modern literature can 
furnish. 

2. Is it desirable to introduce a better one ? 

On this point I will say but a few words, for I must think that the 
teachers of children, and tutors of foreigners, who are among the best 
judges, must gradually be brought to yield assent. 

One thing has always seemed strange to me, that amongst all the 
exact sciences, with works on which our language is peculiarly rich, 
there should be no such thing as a complete analysis of the sounds of 
our language, and characters to represent them. As a science it seems 
to me that the elementary sounds of our language should long ere this 
have been fully analysed. 

But to come to the third question, — Is a reform practicable ? 

Experiments hitherto have proved it not to be so, for two or three rea- 
sons, which I will give : 

Many proposed systems of reform have originated more as a kind of 
pastime than as a serious business. 

All that I have seen heretofore (and I have seen several) have failed 
in two very important particulars : — 



108 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

First, — They did not succeed in a perfect analysis of the sounds in 
our language (under this remark I include also some half-a-dozen sys- 
tems of stenography which I have examined and partially learned). 
This alone would be a fatal objection in the way of a reform. None 
would come into a measure so general as a reform in the spelling of the 
whole language, if they discovered that the reformer was only going to 
substitute for the present imperfect orthography of our language some 
imperfect orthography of his own invention. 

The second cause of failure has been in the characters employed by 
the several reformers. Most of them differed so very widely from the 
characters now in use, that it seemed akin to acquiring a new language 
to learn them. Most of them were, on the specimen printed pages, 
rather unpleasant to the eye than otherwise ; and this alone would deter 
multitudes from looking upon a reform with any pleasure. None of them 
presented a sufficient variety of capitals, small letters, and italics, which 
are indispensable to our modern systems of printing. And all that I 
have seen presented such characters for their graphic system, that it 
would require years of practice to be able to write with anything like a 
medium facility ; and without a perfect and convenient graphic alphabet, 
I am fully persuaded that no reform can ever succeed. 

Now, to say nothing of the many reasons that may be urged in favor 
of a reform, allow me to express in a few words what I think of your 
own system. 

Serious causes of failure, originating with the inventors themselves, 
have hitherto accompanied every preceding effort. But I am persuaded 
not in your case. 

First, — It has been (so it appears, from your magazines and publica- 
tions) prosecuted with earnestness and zeal 

The analysis (it seems to me, after many trials) of the sounds of the 
language is quite complete. Moreover, (which is no small thing,) your 
profession and position will give the public a confidence in your ability 
to analyze thoroughly every sound in our language. 

And as to your alphabet. The letters are not unnecessarily or arbi- 
trarily new, so that they may be learned in a short time. They are so 
varied also as to answer every purpose of modern printing ; while the 
graphic alphabet, strange as a new character may at first strike the eye, 
will be found, upon tracing it with a pen, to have been formed with 
studious attention to the ease and rapidity of formation. If the English 
language should not hereafter be written and printed in a perfect alpha- 
bet, the fault will be with the people, and not, as heretofore, with the 
inventors. At all events, you will have decided whether the English 
ever will be written in a perfect alphabet ; for, if this undertaking does 
not succeed, no future one ever can ; such at least is my humble opinion. 
I cannot, however, but hope that your alphabet will come into general 
use. I shall use my influence where I can in its favor ; though really 
where I am at present (on the south side of Albemarle Sound) there is 
apparently little prospect that there will be many readers of any alphabet 
for some years to come. I shall send for a Testament the first oppor- 
tunity. With many hearty wishes for your success, I am, dear Sir, 
Very respectfully yours, 

J. AVERY SHEPHERD. 



comstock's phonology. 109 



A Letter from the Rev. Samuel Aaron, Principal of Tree Mount 
Seminary. 

Norristown, Pa., July 18, 1848. 
Dr. A. Comstock : 

My Dear Sir, — Although so little given to puffing that I have not for 
years even advertised my own school, a sense of duty compels me to 
notice in terms of the highest commendation the truly benevolent and 
philosophical efforts you are making to diffuse the knowledge and estab- 
lish the use of the perfect alphabet. 

As a teacher of young men and boys for many years, I have had a 
laborious and most painful experience in inculcating the thousands of 
absurdities and irregularities in English orthography. To stamp on the 
memory of youth a jargon imposed on us all by the authority of lexico- 
graphers, is an undertaking about equally hateful in the labor, hopeless 
in the prospect, and stupid in the accomplishment. The contradictions 
and enigmas in spelling are well adapted to beget in bright youths a 
persuasion, that the chain of knowledge, instead of being a series of 
beautifully connected links, is a tissue of tangled knots and kinks, and 
that teachers are a pack of arbitrary blockheads. A dull boy never 
learns to spell ; a smart and willing one acquires the art after many 
years as a hateful conventional necessity. 

Your alphabet, very agreeable to the eye, and, for aught I see, com- 
plete in the elementary sounds, can be learned in a few days by any one 
not an idiot; and then distinct reading follows in a few days more. I 
have no doubt a sprightly child, ignorant of all letters, could be taught 
by its use to read slowly but surely in one week ; while now such read- 
ing is a work of years, and spelling is almost never learned. 

I must commend your alphabet for its good appearance. Without 
meaning to disparage the "Anglo-Saxon," which I now receive, and 
with high respect for its conductors, I am free to say that the beautiful 
page of your New Testament is vastly superior to any other phonotypy 
I have seen. 

It is perfectly truthful, but may seem like flattery, to say that your 
intelligent and tireless zeal in advancing this great reform, has no 
parallel so far as I know, and will doubtless be better rewarded by your 
own consciousness of benevolence and right intention than by any eulogy 
of mine. You will meet with much opposition, be ridiculed by the 
stupid, the conservative will inveigh against your " mad innovation" the 
literary bigot will dread the loss of his occupation, but time, perseverance, 
and the common sense of the world, will effect your triumph. 

I heartily approve the publication of your intended monthly, and I 
hope it may soon be read and appreciated by many thousands. 

My school will take sixty copies for one year ; and be assured my 
pupils generally are as cordial as myself in the hope of your success. 

Direct a copy to Dr. Dunlap, Norristown, your former pupil. 
I am sincerely your affectionate friend, 

SAMUEL AARON. 
10 



110 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

A Letter from Joel Wickersham, Esq. 
Dr. A. Comstock: 10th Mo. 26, 1848. 

A few weeks since a friend of mine handed me a few numbers of the 
Phonetic Magazine, also the Phonetic Speaker, and the Phonetic Testa, 
ment, which I have carefully examined ; and I think the writing and 
printing reformation has assumed a form in these works altogether 
superior to anything which, under the name of literary reform, has 
heretofore claimed the attention of the public. When Pitman's system 
first appeared in these parts, it was in high repute here ; not so much, 
however, because it was considered perfect, but because it was regarded 
as so much superior to the old system that the adoption of it would be 
very desirable. Pitman's new characters are very faulty, not only on 
account of their grotesque appearance, but on account of the similarity 
of their forms, which renders it difficult to distinguish one from another. 
Pitman's practice of changing his alphabet continually has very much 
retarded the progress of his system ; for few can be found willing to 
learn an alphabet that is to be thrown away as soon as learned. But I 
find all these difficulties obviated in the work before me; not only so, 
but in this system, with its faultless alphabet, and graphic signs for in- 
flection, emphasis, and melody, there is a perfection attained that cannot 
fail to recommend it to every enlightened mind. 

The people of Ohio are beginning to move in this great reform every- 
where, and they will have something better than the present barbarous 
system of orthography. I think that if the claims of Dr. Comstock's 
system could be laid before the people, it would not fail to be introduced 
into the common schools in a short time. 

I send enclosed one dollar, for which you may send me one copy of 
the present volume of the Phonetic Magazine. Direct to 

JOEL WICKERSHAM, 
East Fairfield P. O., Columbiana Co., Ohio. 



From the Colporteur and Children's Friend, Philadelphia, 1850. 

The December number of Comstock's Phonetic Telegraph is before us, 
and we take occasion to make a few remarks upon the orthography of 
the English language, and the reform proposed by Dr. Comstock. 

When we consider that there are in the English language about 
seventy thousand words, not sixty of which are spelled as they are pro- 
nounced, we are glad to see that there are those who are willing to brave 
public opinion by making every one of these seventy thousand stand in 
his own proper dress, speak for himself, and tell his own name. 

It is said, that, in the infancy of the art of painting, the artist was 
obliged to write under his picture, " This is a horse" or whatever the 
painting might represent. If his label had been written in English, it 
would have been necessary for an interpreter to stand by, and say, 
" These letters spell horse." 

The wretched orthography to which the children in our schools, and 
all who either read or write, are condemned, is most wisely placed by 
Dr. Comstock side by side with his own beautiful phonetic characters, 
thus exhibiting to the greatest advantage the beauty of the one and the 
deformity of the other. We feel that, in his noble undertaking, th 



comstock's phonology. Ill 

author of the " Perfect Alphabet" must content himself with the con- 
sciousness of acting for the benefit of his fellows, rather than with the 
prospect of pecuniary remuneration. The difficulties which stand in his 
way are manifold; but one who has had the boldness to commence will 
not fear to carry out his reform. If he receives that countenance from 
men of letters which he should, we may hope that he may see even in 
his lifetime the success of his project. 

Dr. Comstock's Alphabet comprises thirty-eight characters, represent- 
ing each for itself a single sound, and never any other. There are none 
of those useless silent letters which disfigure the present system. When 
a child has once learned the sound of a letter, it is done forever — when 
he meets with it again, it is an old acquaintance. 

The Rev. Mr. Aaron (who, by the way, has one more letter in his 
name than is needed,) says : — 

" As a teacher of young men and boys for many years, I have had a 
laborious and most painful experience in inculcating the thousands of 
absurdities and irregularities in English orthography. To stamp on the 
memory of youth a jargon imposed on us all by the authority of lexico- 
graphers, is an undertaking about equally hateful in the labor, hopeless 
in the prospect, and stupid in the accomplishment. The contradictions 
and enigmas in spelling are well adapted to beget in bright youths a 
persuasion, that the chain of knowledge, instead of being a series of 
beautifully connected links, is a tissue of tangled knots and kinks, and 
that teachers are a pack of arbitrary blockheads. A dull boy never 
learns to spell ; a smart and willing one acquires the art after many 
years as a hateful conventional necessity. 

" Your alphabet, very agreeable to the eye, and, for aught I see, com- 
plete in the elementary sounds, can be learned in a few days by any one 
not an idiot ; and then distinct reading follows in a few days more. I 
have no doubt a sprightly child, ignorant of all letters, could be taught 
by its use to read slowly but surely in one week ; while now such read- 
ing is a work of years, and spelling is almost never learned." 

We think that the speediest way for introducing this excellent system 
would be to have, as far as possible, a column or part of a column of 
the most widely circulated newspapers printed in the new orthography. 
We are much mistaken if the demand for more, and still more, would 
not be made by the readers as soon as they had thus had an opportunity 
of judging of the comparative merits of the old and new systems. We 
wish this, and every other true reform, complete success. 



[From the National Era.] 
SPELLING REFORM. 

03° Our correspondent is mistaken in supposing that our columns are 
to be devoted to the purposes he names. We have not opposed the 
Spelling Reform. — [Ed. Era. 

East Fairfield, Columbiana Co., Ohio, April 6, 1850. 
To the Editor of the National Era : 

We are sorry to learn the columns of the National Era are devoted tc 
the overthrow" of Pitman's and Comstock's system of representing the 



112 RECOMMENDATIONS OP 

sounds of the human voice, which the Editor has recognized as " Kom. 
stok's Purfekt Alfabet" He assumes the position, " that all attempts to 
establish it will remain as literary curiosity only. Its advocates seem 
to overlook three things." They have not only overlooked, but they have 
underlooked them too. His first objection is, " We are cumbering our- 
selves with two alphabets, instead of one." Experience has proved 
that those who learn phonotypy first, can learn to read heterotypic 
printing, by the resemblance of words, in one-tenth the time required 
to master it by the present cumbrous and wearisome practice of com- 
mitting to memory the barbarous manner of spelling. " Second, the 
force of association with the actual appearance of familiar words, so that 
no one who has read Spenser, for example, would be willing to see his 
stanzas, even in our common orthography." Just as though we could 
not appreciate the sentiments of a poet without having the spelling clouded 
with all the obscurity imaginable. When a person is reading to us from 
one of these books that are over-righteous in their orthography, why do 
we not tell him to spell the words, that we may the better relish their 
sublime sentiments. And why not spell our words when conversing, if 
the spelling gives so much dignity to thought 1 ? "Third, it is not the 
written English tongue," &c. We do not claim it to be. It is printing 
the human voice, what the world has never had before. We are not 
going to dispute with the Editor about the plausibility of "well-trained 
children of five or six being able to spell and read fluently," because 
we are unacquainted with the more than ordinary talents of such chil- 
dren who are born in the heart of literature and knowledge ; but, as for 
us back-woods, thick-brained, flat-headed people, we have to go to school 
from twelve to fifteen years, and even then, on taking up histories of 
foreign countries, and books with unfamiliar words, we never know to a 
certainty whether we give the correct pronunciation or not. 

We hardly know what to say in regard to the umbrage which has been 
taken at the pronunciation. But it is our candid opinion that the Editor 
is either not acquainted with the alphabet and system, or he does not 
know how words should be pronounced ; because Dr. Comstock is ac- 
knowledged to be the greatest elocutionist in the United States, and his 
pronunciation is founded upon the highest authorities in America. We 
would have heartily thanked the gentleman for so charitably commend- 
ing the system to the public, "especially the aged," had he not been so 
slow in the movement. We fear he is up rather late in the day to com- 
mend a system whose own novelty, simplicity, and philosophical founda- 
tion, will recommend it to all lovers of literature and science — to all who 
are interested in the education and elevation of the whole human family. 
Even now, thousands are rushing it forward with the speed of the car. 
The dark clouds of prejudice, and the mighty clamor of ignorance, that 
would have buried it in the dust, are beginning to subside. It is con- 
stantly gaining admittance into the colleges and high schools throughout 
our enlightened and happy land. Fear not " a century or two will pass" 
before it becomes the common type for printing. We have no such 
doubts ; and we are firmly convinced it is the very thing the world stands 
in need of. What we sincerely ask of our friends is to give it a eandid 
and thorough examination before condemning it. 
Yours, truly, 

J. WIGXFJISLIAIVX. 



comstock's phonology. 113 

[From the Providence Daily Journal.] 
THE PHONETIC ALPHABET. 

To the Editor of the Journal : 

I have lately had the pleasure of meeting- with Dr. Comstock, of Phi- 
ladelphia, well known throughout the United States as one of the greatest 
elocutionists of the day, and also renowned for the success he has met 
with in curing stammering and various other imperfections of speech. 
But I wish to speak of him now in relation to one of the most practical 
inventions of modern times, a new Alphabet for the English language. 
Dr. Comstock is a man deeply versed in philological lore, and has made 
this subject his study for years. He has at length matured it and given 
it to the world as the result of his investigations into the regions of 
thought and deep practical sense. Any one who has at all looked into 
the science of the English language, must have seen at once, that, as a 
language, it is (though one of the noblest in the world) sadly deficient 
in rules and laws. In fact, there is no law, no rule, in relation to the 
pronunciation of words, as may be seen from the fact that the letters 
o-u-g-h, for instance, are pronounced in seven different ways, and that it 
is only through common usage that it is known which of these seven 
ways is correct. Now a foreigner and a stranger to our language knows 
nothing of common usage; he must learn the language by rule ; but 
how can he know the proper pronunciation of a word, when he sees 
seven different words, with what seems to him the same combination of 
letters, and yet is told they are pronounced in seven different ways ! 
This very great difficulty, and to many persons an insurmountable one, 
Dr. Comstock's new alphabet is designed to meet and to obviate. He 
has a character for each of the elementary sounds in the English lan- 
guage ; and any one, by paying attention to the characters, may learn 
very readily to read by them. 

But some objectors may say, Will not this alphabet, if introduced 
generally, change our language entirely? To this I answer by another 
question. Is not our language constantly changing ? Is it by any means 
the same as it was two hundred years ago, to say nothing of going still 
farther back ? Do not books, published then, require a dictionary to tell 
us the meaning of many of the words, and is not the way of spelling 
them quite obsolete now ? But let the new alphabet be used, and there 
is, there can be no change ; for, by this, every word must be written and 
pronounced by a fixed rule, so that the very word conveys, on its face, 
its own pronunciation, and there will be no need of referring to diction- 
aries or authorities to decide ; the alphabet is its own interpreter of 
sounds. I send you herewith one of Dr. Comstock's newspapers, so that 
you may see for yourself his plan ; and you will be satisfied, Mr. Editor, 
after you look into it, that it needs no eulogy of mine to recommend it 
to your notice, or that of your readers. 

J. A. E* 

* We have reason to think that the above article was written by Mrs. Jane A. 
Eames, of Providence, R. I. — the authoress of a very interesting anonymous work, 
entitled, "Budget of Letters/'— C. 



114 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

.A Letter from the Rev. William Beardsley, 
Author of a Phonetic Alphabet and a System of Short- Hand. 

Bristol, Kendall Co., Illinois, Feb. 20, 1851. 
Dr. A . Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — For several months I have been proposing to write to you 
on the subject of the reform you so nobly persevere in — that of the writ- 
ten representation of speech ; or, as I would style it, The Epographic 
Reform. 

Your Pamphoneticon, as to its general features, commends itself to 
every mind capable of judging of its merits, as an improvement in 
literature, which, if generally adopted, would be of greater utility for the 
generation now growing up, and for those to come, than all our modern 
improvements in the arts, as effected by the application of steam-power 
to machinery These, indeed, facilitate the acquisition of wealth in a 
great variety of ways, as well as multiply, almost incalculably, the con- 
veniences of life. They also bring regions of the earth, remote from 
each other, into proximity, and thus introduce distant nations to each 
other's acquaintance, and open to our view illimitable sources of know- 
ledge and enjoyment. 

But the Pamphoneticon, let it be put into general operation, would be 
the key to unlock those sources of knowledge to every mind, and thus 
quality, or furnish the means to qualify all who would avail themselves of 
its advantages. And, as to the pecuniary advantages it would afford, 
if the maxim, " A penny saved is a penny earned," is true, this improve- 
ment would not suffer in comparison with any of those effected by steam- 
power. And then the mighty impetus it would give to the study of lan- 
guage, and the magic power it would exert to dispel the confusion and 
jargon of modern tongues, and gradually prepare the way for one uni- 
versal language ; or, at least, to remove one of the chief obstacles to the 
acquisition of the different languages, so as to render them comparatively 
easy, and thus remove, also, one of the great barriers to international 
communication and amity. 

How vastly would such a reform, or rather revolution, speed the march 
of science and of the arts in every land, and especially in our own ! 
Suppose the two millions of children, or more, in the United States, now 
in a process of drilling in our primary schools, in order to " beat into 
them" a knowledge of the common alphabet, and of its labyrinthic ar- 
rangements into words to represent our spoken language, instead of 
being thus absurdly led, or driven "in terror cm" through all the count- 
less intricacies of such a chaos — instructed correctly in the science of 
Epology, or Phonetics, and then, in the simple representation of the ele- 
mentary sounds, on the principle of one simple sign to each elementary 
sound, and always the same letter to denote one and the same sound — 
who can estimate the amount of energy such a change would impart to 
those millions of young minds, now comparatively inert? — inert, because 
uninterested, and uninterested because uninformed as to the very rudi- 
ments of their mother tongue. Instead of drilling them much of their 
time in school for many years, in the dry and most repulsive task of 
reading and spelling syllables and words, which few ever perfectly at- 
tain, and less retain, let them once and forever learn the true theory and 



com stock's phonology. 115 

practice (which a great portion of them would be able to do within a 
month), and then let them apply their minds to the study of things, so 
as to acquire knowledge, and they will manifest an ever-increasing 
eagerness to climb the heights of science. How different would be their 
history, and how much higher their destiny ! 

Persevere, then, in the work, and may you live to witness in this en- 
terprise as great a change as has been effected, within the last forty 
years, in locomotion by steam-power. 

Yours for the Reform, 

WM. BEARDSLEY. 



A Letter from Stephen D. Stout, Esq. 

Charleston, Tennessee, Feb. 23, 1851. 
Dr. A. Comstock : 

Sir, — I have been reading your paper (Phonetic Telegraph) for more 
than a year ; and I must say that I have the highest opinion of your 
improved system of orthography. I received all the books that I ordered 
from you, and a little Geography extra, which is truly a beautiful book. 
I was pleased with the Phonetic Alphabet at first sight, but withheld 
my opinion till I had carefully examined the merits of the system. Now, 
I think I am not mistaken when I say that the Phonetic Alphabet is one 
of the greatest inventions of the age. Its beautiful appearance, its sim- 
plicity, and, above all, its perfection, speak highly in its favor; and, so far 
as my observation extends, it has been favorably received wherever it has 
been examined. 

I feel deeply interested in your publications, and will do all in my 
power to aid you in this great Reform. 
Yours, truly, 

STEPHEN D, STOUT. 
Teacher of a Grammar-School. 



A Letter from J. K. Mitchell, M. D., the Professor of the Theory and 
Practice of Medicine, in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, and a 
Member of the American Philosophical Society. 

Philadelphia, June 28, 1851. 
A. Comstock, M. D. : 

Dear Sir, — From a critical examination of your great theory of Pho- 
netics, I am glad to find that the system has already attained to com- 
pletion. To me it is truly gratifying to learn that an alphabet exists 
which is strictly representative, not only of all the sounds, but of their 
various modifications in speech, in every language in which books are 
written upon the arts and sciences. I am glad to perceive this, because 
I consider a universal alphabet of the greatest value to the civilized 
world. A knowledge of your system enables the student, at once and 
always, to read every book printed conformably to it, not only in Eng- 
lish, but in French, German, Latin, Greek, Spanish, Italian, &c. The 
greatest obstacle to the acquisition of one's vernacular, or any other 
language, is thus entirely removed, and the learner finds the only insu- 



116 RECOMMENDATIONS OF 

perable impediment to self-instruction totally obviated. Not only will 
your system of Phonetics do these things, but it will produce that uni- 
formity of pronunciation so desirable and so elegant. 

I esteem your efforts of the greatest value, because I perceive that the 
dream of Franklin has become, in your hands, a profound reality. 

I remain, dear sir, truly yours, J. K. MITCHELL. 

A Letter from the Rev. D. G. Mallery, of Woodstock, Virginia. 
Dr. A. Comstock: Fairfax C. H., Va., March 31st, 1855. 

Dear Sir, — I am delighted with your little book, (Phonetic Readeri 
No. I.), and shall do what I am able, to make it known in my neigh 
borhood. 

I have been a teacher during most of the last ten years, and have a 
thousand times lamented that we have an orthography so absurd. Your 
beautiful alphabet is all that I can desire. Its adaptation to all Ian- 
guages, and particularly its relation to the missionary work, makes me 
most anxious for its speedy adoption. Had I the power to compel its 
adoption by all missionaries, that power should be exercised. 

Enclosed, please find postage-stamps for the Readers, and also for 
your Treatise on Phonology, which lattar please send by mail. I shall 
get some, if not all of your other books, when I reach home. I expect 
to remain here during the month of April, and after that shall reside 
permanently at Woodstock, Shenandoah county, Va. Yours sincerely, 

D. G. MALLERY. 



Another Letter from Rev. D. G. Mallery. 
Dr. Comstock : F. C. H., April 18th, 1855. 

Dear Sir, — Your letter came to hand while I was conversing with 
another minister on your system. Although I had never seen a script 
alphabet in actual pen and ink writing, yet I read it without the least 
hesitation ; and, handing it to my friend, he found but few words which 
he did not understand, notwithstanding his only acquaintance with your 
alphabet was gained from looking over the slip of printed paper which 
you enclosed, and that while I was reading your letter. 

I hope to see the day when we shall have the Hebrew Bible printed 
in your phonetic characters ; and I am sure it would delight the eyes 
of many who, like myself, have wearied themselves with the uncouth 
characters in which we are now obliged to read it. 

As you are aware, it is one of the subjects on which candidates for 
the (Presbyterian) ministry are examined ; yet you will not, I think, find 
one in ten who can read it after five years' ministerial life. This is 
owing, in a great measure, to the irksomeness of the task of keeping 
up their acquaintance with it; and this is occasioned by the character 
of the letters which, with the subscript vowel-points, gives a confused 
appearance to the page, wearying the eyes of all, and permanently in- 
juring the eyes of many. 

If such a book as "Arnold's Hebrew Book" could be published with 
some portion of Genesis and the Psalms added to it, and all in your 
phonetic characters, the labor of learning Hebrew would become a 
pleasure. Yours truly, 

D. G. MALLERY, 
Woodstock, Slicn mdouh Go., Va. 



COM stock's phonology. 117 

A Letter from N. F. Cooledge, Principal of Cotton Hill Seminary, Ga. 
Dr. A. Comstock : Cotton Hill, Ga., July 7, 1855. 

Dear Sir, — I am well satisfied, from the simplicity and utility of your 
Universal Alphabet, that it is a work "destined for immortality;" and 
that if you will publish a complete series of school-books, in my humble 
opinion, ten years will suffice to work a general reformation, and class 
the old alphabet among the " things that have been, but are no more." 

Permit me to say, most respectfully, that your claims are not so 
generally understood as they should be. I think your watchword should 
be agitation — your motto, keep it before the people; for the friends of this 
reform are looking to you to carry it forward. Respectfully, 

N. F. COOLEDGE, 



A Letter from Gilbert Randolph, Esq. 

Morgan Kcpnti, Tsnssi, Nov. I7d, 1854. 
Dr. Andru Komstok: 

Dir Sur — Mcor oan a yir ago I rcot tH yu, and nsxvd an ansur, relatrv tH 
yur Fonetik wurks ; sins qic" tim I bav bin ordurirj sum ov yur wurks 6rH 
6e hqjs ov Lifimkot, Grambo & Ku. 

I am wel plizd wi6 yur Sistem ov Fonetix. Yur Fonetik karakturz ds 
not luk so huked, kruked, and unsitli az Pitman'z. Curb: yurz wil tek 
bstur wi6 6s Amenkan pipl 6an hiz. 

I am tr6irj a komun sknl, and bav a klas ridirj in 6s Testament : qil 6e 
nd, I bav Komstok's Fonetik Testament bxfor mi. Hep izi it iz ! It iz no 
trubl tH kol evun bard nem in it. 

I am trirrj tH get mi patrunz in 6e spirit ov Fonetix. If I suksxd, I cal 
ordur a pak ov yur buks bxtwxn 6is and sprirj. I wud bx glad if yur Dik- 
cunan kud ox redi bi 6at tim. I hav sevural students nm, hn rid yur Fo- 
netik print preti wel, and sevural hn kan spel almost em wurd bi scpnd. I 
am konvmst 6at 6e studi ov Fonetix wil fasilitet 6e studi ov or&ografi, xvn 
akordrrj tH 6e old meSud. 

If yu ar pubbcirj a pinodikal in yur Alfabet, I dizir yu tH send it tH mi; 
and 6e subsknpcun pris cal bi for&kumrn upon 6e nsxt ov 6e furst numbur. 
Mi post-ofis iz, Port Qk Sprrrjz, Ron Kqmti, Tenesi. 

Yur wurks bav grvn sntir satisfakcun qarevur I hav surkuleted 6em. 
Hoprrj tn hir from yu snn, relativ tH yur Dikcunari, tnge6ur wi6 em sugejes- 
6unz yu me si fit tH mek tH wun hn wiciz yur Fonetix yunrvursal sukses, I 
am yurz, rxspektfuli, G. RANDOLF. 

A Letter from Wm. Johns, Esq., of Talladega, Alabama. 

Taladiga, Alabama, Okt. 9, 1847. 
Smv~ I hav wi6 plejur, and, I trust, not wi6qpt profit, nsxvd and red 6s 
drfuren* numburz ov yur Fonetik Magazin, from 6e komensment ov its 
publike <mn. 

Yute iz, tH mi mind, a lodabl snturpriz, and destmd tn efekt mu6 for S& 
kos ov lurnrrj, not onli amurj 6oz hn nq> spik 6i Irjglic laijgwicj, but bi rsn- 



118 COM STOCK'S PHONOLOGY. 

dung a nolscj ov it xzi ov akwizicun, Indus its adopcun bi 6x u6ur necuni 
ov 61 urd. Ais wil probabli bx 61 ultimatum. 

Wsr it nssssan, and kud I pnzum ts sfskt sni flrrj, I mit se msni gud 
flirjz in nlecun ts yur sistsm ov Famografi, and yur sftorts for nform ; but 
I kanot snkund, yu sco sfsk<!:uali sni u6ur we az bi givirj yu mi con patrunicj. 
I oorfcor inklcoz yu wun dolur, wi6 6s rxkwsst 6at yu send mx 6s Magazin 
for 6s kursnt yxr. 

I hav komsnst 6i sstabliemsnt ov an indipsndsnt Hi Sksl in 6is pies (Ta- 
ladxga) ; and, lik yur frsnd Birdzli, " I am dizirus tz obten, at 6i qptsst, 6s 
mcost aprsvd buks, and ts mtrradus 6s most aprsvd msdudz ov instrukcun." 
And I cal, az snn az konvmysnt, sgamin yur sinz ov buks ; and, if 6e ar 
qot I antisipet, adopt 6sm az tsxt-buks, and sndsvur ts hav 6sm introodust 
(jsnurali, in 6is kqrati. Yurz, wi6 rxspskt, WM. JDONZ. 

Dr. A. Komstok, Filadslfia. 



The following Lines, accompanied with the First Edition of the Treatise on 
Phonology, were sent to an uncle (since deceased), toho was both a Clergy- 
man and a Physician. 

Filadslfia, Epnl 2, 1846. 

IV bin sngecjd, az bi 6xz linz yu'l sx, 

In mekir) purfekt cpr or&ografi. 

<J>r ansssturz, az if 6or sunz ts bo6ur, 

Speld wurdz wun we — prconcpnst 6sm in anu6ur; 

Bi 6s sem sin sxprsst kwit difursnt scpndz, 

Qi<5 mu<5, yu nco, 6s pupil'z mind konfqmdz. 

But wx, hs liv in 6is snlitnd ec], 

Qsn nuQir) but imprsvmsnt iz 6s rec}, 

Qsn Koraurs bnrjz bur mur£andiz from far, 

On snortirj stxmbcots and 6s fliirj kar, 

Qsn wudn msn ar med ts spxk and sirj, 

And nuz iz kand on 6s litnirj'z wuj, 

Qsn svun art iz tn purfskeun brot, 

And svun laggwic) "in six lssnz tot," 

Wil purfskt ordur q)t ov keos bnrj, 

And mek cpr spslirj kwit an xzi dirj. 

Ais haz bin dun, az bi mi buk yu'l sx, 

Qi6 borz 6s titl ov Fconolcocji. 

Pxruz 6s wurk, not wi6 a besti glans, 

If yu 6s koz ov sisns wud advafls; 

But wi6 du kar, and wi6 mkwirnj mind, 

Az ol wil dn h^'d bsnifit mankind, 

Qs6ur 6e psdl pilz, yurj foldrsn txc% 

Folca 6s plcp, or in 6s pulpit prx<5. 

A. KOMSTOK. 
Esv. Dr. A. M. G. Komstok, Dcolist, lima. 



'S PHONOLOGY. 119 

A Letter from Wm. H. Allen, LL.D., President of Girard College. 

Girard College, Aug. 31, 1855. 
Dr. A. Comstock: 

Dear Sir, — Having examined your Phonetic Alphabet, I believe that it 
is founded on a correct analysis of the elementary sounds of our language, 
and that its use would greatly facilitate the acquisition of the arts of read- 
ing and spelling, as well as promote uniformity in pronunciation. The 
characters which you have adopted, being the Roman and Greek letters, or 
modifications of them, are simple in form, easy to write, and pleasant to 
the eye, while the tone-marks, to indicate accent, inflection, and intonation, 
enable the reader to comprehend and represent the exact meaning of his 
author. 

I recommend your alphabet to the attention of teachers and writers, in 
the belief that its introduction into general use would save years of irk- 
some labor to children, and be the nearest approach which has been made 
to a "royal road to knowledge." 

I remain, respectfully yours, 

WM. H. ALLEN. 



A Letter from the Rev. Lyman Coleman, D. L>., Principal of the Presby- 
terian Institute, and Author of "An Historical Text-Booh, and Atlas of 
Biblical Geography ;" "Ancient Christianity Exemplified;" "Apostolic 
and Primitive Church," &c. &c. 
Dr. A. Comstock : 

Dear Sir, — I do but reiterate the common sentiment of all who have duly 
examined your Phonetic Alphabet, in giving expression to the conviction 
that the characters which you have adopted greatly surpass, in simplicity 
and beauty, all similar attempts to analyze and express the elementary 
sounds of our language; and I consider that your Pamphoneticon is tho 
nearest approach which has ever been made to a universal alphabet. 

Were it possible to reduce our spelling to a system so simple, so compre- 
hensive, and complete, it would be an incalculable service to all who en- 
counter the difficulties of the anomalous orthography of our noble language. 
Even should a reform so desirable prove unsuccessful, your efforts in this 
direction are not the less important to all those who study the first prin- 
ciples oi our own, or of foreign languages. 

Very respectfully yours, 

LYMAN COLEMAN. 
Philadelphia, Sept. 6, 1855. 

I concur entirely in the opinion of Dr. Coleman. 

JOHN S. HART, 

Principal of the Philadelphia High School. 
September 7, 1855. 



120 RECOMMENDATION OF 

A Letter from James 31. Iforrison, Esq., the Linguist and Poet. 

Philadelphia, Oct. 3, 1855. 
Dr. Cojistock : 

Dear Sir, — Although what I may say in commendation of your Phonetic 
System can have little or no weight, being, as Burns says, 



I 



<£ 



" a nameless wight, 

Trod in the mire clean out of sight;" 



yet having, for a period of over thirty years, made the study of languages 
a recreation, I consider myself not altogether incompetent to say a good 
word for you. 

Every linguist knows that, poor as the English tongue is in articulate 
sounds, the Roman alphabet is inadequate to give them all expression. It 
is equally evident that numerous combinations of letters are retained to 
express sounds that are now obsolete or provincial. Hence the apparently 
absurd combinations of letters expressing the same sound, and the equally 
absurd double, triple, and even quadruple debt which the same letter is 
made to pay, by representing different sounds — an anomaly found, to the 
same extent, in no other tongue; alike repulsive to foreigners and puzzling 
to children. Your system cuts a clear path through this tangled thicket, 
by giving each letter an articulate sound, and each sound a uniform 
representation. 

As our knowledge of the great family of man increases, our ideas require 
to be expressed in words whose uncouth sounds cannot be written in Ro- 
man characters, such as Chinese, Hindostanee, Russian, &c. ; but they can 
be easily managed by your system. And provincial peculiarities, as well 
as words from the French, Spanish, &c, when printed in your characters, 
can be read to a native without exciting his risibility. 

To my mind, the most ingenious part of your whole system is its tone- 
marks, by means of which the reader is not only enabled to pronounce 
single words correctly, but to give the very tones of the language in which 
the author himself would express his ideas. 

Wishing you as much gain and glory as your meritorious labors deserve, 
I am yours, very respectfully, 

JAMES M. MORRISON. 



Philadelphia, Oct. 6, 1855. 
I have examined Dr. Comstock's Phonetic Alphabet with some caro, 
and I consider it decidedly the best that I have ever seen. 

P. REDFIELD, 
Phonographer and Principal of Mantua Boys' School. 



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